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2020

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Articles 17161 - 17190 of 20660

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

The American Dental Association Reaffirms Its Position On Dental Amalgam, American Dental Association Jan 2020

The American Dental Association Reaffirms Its Position On Dental Amalgam, American Dental Association

News Releases

This collection includes standard news releases, information kits and other documents distributed for publicity, information, announcements of events, etc. as issued from the ADA. Items included in this collection are archival and any costs, links, contact information, or other figures may be out of date. Please contact the ADA to verify information.

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Commentary On: Cosmeceuticals: The Principles And Practice Of Skin Rejuvenation Of Nonprescription Topical Therapy, Clifford P. Clark, Ashley Goldston Jan 2020

Commentary On: Cosmeceuticals: The Principles And Practice Of Skin Rejuvenation Of Nonprescription Topical Therapy, Clifford P. Clark, Ashley Goldston

Surgery Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Free Abdominal Tissue Transfer And Utilization Of The Umbilical Stalk For “Tubular” Reconstruction In Ear, Nose, And Throat Defects, Jake Laun, Julian Pribaz Jan 2020

Free Abdominal Tissue Transfer And Utilization Of The Umbilical Stalk For “Tubular” Reconstruction In Ear, Nose, And Throat Defects, Jake Laun, Julian Pribaz

Surgery Faculty Publications

Large head and neck burns and cancer-related defects pose many challenges to the reconstructive surgeon with the ultimate goals being aesthetic, as well as functional restoration, or as the renowned Italian plastic surgeon Gaspare Tagliacozzi espoused to “restore, rebuild, and make whole those parts which nature hath given but which fortune has taken away.” The face, in particular, has inherent structures that are vital to interpersonal relationships, as well as everyday function. Large head and neck burns or cancer defects may require a tracheostomy and stoma creation or reconstruction of the external auditory meatus both posing a significant reconstructive challenge. …

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Iot Devices In The Public Health Sector, Cayla Young Jan 2020

Iot Devices In The Public Health Sector, Cayla Young

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

In this research, proper attention is drawn to privacy and security concerns with the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in the public health sector. Often, not much attention is given to IoT devices and its vulnerabilities concerning the medical industry. Effects of COVID-19 contact tracing applications are explored through research of various source types. Mitigation techniques for these privacy and security issues is given. Focus is brought to topics outlining the risks associated with genetic testing companies and the vulnerabilities of data collection and data storage. Recommendations are provided to help consumers avoid these risks. Lastly, a comprehensive …

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A Qualitative Study On Adequate Sleep In Preschool Children – Can We Sleep On It?, Seema Zainulabdin Lasi, Noreen Afzal, Somal Kayani Jan 2020

A Qualitative Study On Adequate Sleep In Preschool Children – Can We Sleep On It?, Seema Zainulabdin Lasi, Noreen Afzal, Somal Kayani

Human Development Programme

Sleep is a significant marker of physical and psychological health. The present research was undertaken to explore perceptions of parents, teachers and pediatricians about preschool children’s sleep patterns, habits, and problems from urban Karachi, Pakistan. A qualitative research approach was employed; data collection methods were Focus Group Discussion (FGDs) and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs). The themes identified were children’s sleep patterns, sleep environment, sleep rituals, distractions, sleep problems, the impact of inadequate sleep, and recommendations to improve. Emergent themes were inconsistency of rules from parents, lack of opportunities for outdoor physical activity, different kinds of stresses, social and cultural events …

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The Analysis Of College Students Knowledge, Attitudes. Behaviors, And Perceptions Concerning Sexually Transmitted Infections, Ambrosia Roberts Jan 2020

The Analysis Of College Students Knowledge, Attitudes. Behaviors, And Perceptions Concerning Sexually Transmitted Infections, Ambrosia Roberts

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The purpose of this study was to further research, more in-depth, college student's attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors concerning sexually transmitted infections and unsafe sexual practices using the Health Belief Model as a framework. By utilizing an electronic survey and social media a non-probability convenience sample of 167 students was assessed. This study was given to undergraduate and graduate students at a midwestern college campus and was intended to evaluate college student's knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and perceptions concerning sexually transmitted infections. Two major findings were that less than half of the participants were tested for STI's yearly; and there was no …

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Perinatal Staff Education On Opioid Use Disorder, Theresa J. Engle Jan 2020

Perinatal Staff Education On Opioid Use Disorder, Theresa J. Engle

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, opiate use disorder (OUD) crosses all demographic areas, ethnicities, and social classes. In 2016, over 42,000 Americans died from opiate overdose with more than two million Americans having OUD. The need to care for patients with OUD has crossed all realms of nursing, including the perinatal specialty. Framed within the Iowa model of evidence-based practice, the purpose of this project was to develop a perinatal staff education program on OUD focusing on addiction as a brain disorder with care of the perinatal woman and identification and treatment of the newborn with …

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A Systematic Review Of The Literature On Bedside Shift Reports, Dana Wickersheim Jan 2020

A Systematic Review Of The Literature On Bedside Shift Reports, Dana Wickersheim

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractIn 2017, The Joint Commission issued a sentinel event alert regarding inadequate nurse hand-off communication. Inadequate hand-off communication can lead to medication errors, delay in treatment, falls, and wrong-site surgery. To help ensure safe handoff of care between nurses by involving the patient and family, bedside shift report was created. Bedside shift report was developed to help improve patient safety and quality, patient experience of care, nursing staff satisfaction and time management, and accountability between nurses. Despite the implementation of bedside shift report in nursing practice, it continues to be inconsistently applied, which poses risks to patients and can lead …

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Hospital Nurses’ Perceptions Of Computer-Assisted Instruction For Professional Development, Katherine Irizarry Jan 2020

Hospital Nurses’ Perceptions Of Computer-Assisted Instruction For Professional Development, Katherine Irizarry

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) is increasingly being used for professional development. However, at one hospital in the northeast region of the United States, it was observed that nurses were not completing their CAI professional development modules and were failing to meet continuous education requirements. This qualitative case study explored professional nurses’ perspectives regarding the usefulness of CAI as a mode of professional development. The conceptual frameworks used to guide this study were Davis’ theory of technology acceptance, and Knowles’s theory of andragogy. The research question explored how professional nurses perceived the usefulness of CAI to assimilate new learning. The participants in …

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Preventing Aspiration Pneumonia Using An Aspiration Prevention Protocol, Lee James-Pettway Jan 2020

Preventing Aspiration Pneumonia Using An Aspiration Prevention Protocol, Lee James-Pettway

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Hospital-acquired pneumonia, which includes aspiration pneumonia (AP), is a preventable condition that is costly to all healthcare institutions (more than $17,000 to $ 30,000 per episode), because insurance no longer covers the cost of hospital-acquired harms. Each episode in the hospital setting can lead to patient complications, increased use of antibiotics, patient mortality, as well as decreased patient survey scores. Several factors put patients at risk of developing AP, and screening for these risk factors on admission and implementing preventative nursing interventions can decrease the incidence. Based on an extensive literature review, an evidence-based, clinical practice guideline (CPG) was identified …

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Bedside Nurses' Perception Of Their Role Managing Elderly Patient's Polypharmacy, Patience E. Walker Jan 2020

Bedside Nurses' Perception Of Their Role Managing Elderly Patient's Polypharmacy, Patience E. Walker

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractPolypharmacy is described as having six or more prescription medications that are consumed concurrently and affects citizens worldwide. Polypharmacy may negatively affect patient care in hospitalized patients because nurses may lack the time to provide adequate care because they are overworked and/or understaffed, leading to problems such as medication errors. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive phenomenological study, guided by role theory, was to explore bedside nurses' perceptions of their role regarding patient polypharmacy. Twelve bedside nurses were interviewed on their roles in polypharmacy and medication management for elderly patients. The interviews were analyzed and revealed three distinct themes and …

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Impact Of Integrated Laboratory Data Transfer Portals On Patient Results And Reports, Charmane Latrece Richie Jan 2020

Impact Of Integrated Laboratory Data Transfer Portals On Patient Results And Reports, Charmane Latrece Richie

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

An operational problem exists in which some healthcare organizations cannot maintain a suitable supporting data transfer system, which impacts the integrated laboratory data transfer portals designed to receive and send secure patient laboratory results and reports. This quantitative study examined whether an association exists between patient reporting turnaround times and specific test code nomenclatures used when comparing an older referral laboratory interface (RLI) laboratory information system (LIS) to the newer electronic orders and resulting (EOR) system using the Covance expanded laboratory management services (ELMS) NexGEN database from 2016-2020. The Donabedian model served as the framework for this study. The sampling …

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The Long-Term Biopsychosocial Effects Of Children Reared In Blended Families, Kerene T. Brown Jan 2020

The Long-Term Biopsychosocial Effects Of Children Reared In Blended Families, Kerene T. Brown

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Family dynamics have experienced an immense transformation in the last 4 decades. Children are less likely to live in a 2-parent household with parents that are both biologically related to them due to various factors. Blended families (especially the children) face many adversities during the initial stages of formation and rarely receive specialized intervention when compared to nuclear families. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to understand the long-term biopsychosocial effects experienced by young adults who lived in a blended family household. In addition, what services or interventions were offered to newly established blended family systems were also …

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Increasing Primary Care Nurse’S Recognition Of Symptoms Related To Job-Related Stress, Beverly Diann Butler Jan 2020

Increasing Primary Care Nurse’S Recognition Of Symptoms Related To Job-Related Stress, Beverly Diann Butler

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractMany nurses become accustomed to stressful situations and often do not recognize the signs of stress until it has in some form affected them. Nurses often lack education for recognition of signs regarding job-related stress. The practice-focused question for this doctoral project addressed whether knowledge of stress recognition increase in nurses after an evidence-based educational program (EBP) regarding signs of job- related stress.” The purpose and significance of this project was to develop, deliver and evaluate an EBP regarding recognition of signs regarding job-related stress. The project was guided by the Job Demands-Resource (JD-R) theory and Lewin’s Change Theory to …

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Parents’ Perceptions Of Healthcare Influences On Their Decisions To Vaccinate Their Children, Patricia Frances Badiola Harris Jan 2020

Parents’ Perceptions Of Healthcare Influences On Their Decisions To Vaccinate Their Children, Patricia Frances Badiola Harris

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Declining immunization rates are associated with higher incidents of vaccine-preventable diseases. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological inquiry was to explore the perceptions of vaccine-hesitant parents regarding their healthcare experiences. Ajzen and Fishbein‘s theory of reasoned actions and its key concepts (the intention to perform behaviors, attitudes, subjective norms, and external variables) was used as a framework to understand influences on parents' decisions to vaccinate their children. The research questions for the study examined the healthcare experiences of vaccine-hesitant parents, how these experiences influenced their decisions to vaccinate their children, and how this group perceived the current strategies promoting vaccinations …

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Barriers To Mental Health Services Related To Stigma In Northern California, Kandalena Ary Jan 2020

Barriers To Mental Health Services Related To Stigma In Northern California, Kandalena Ary

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

California Senate Bill 1041 recognized mental health as a contributing barrier for individuals struggling to achieve independence from aid through the California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) program to meet the needs of the state's low-income families while reducing barriers to self-sufficiency. As mental health illnesses continue to increase, the engagement and utilization of services have not increased. The purpose of this study was to explore county policy infrastructure addresses making mental health services known, accessible, and increase participation to decrease barriers in utilization of available resources. The research questions were used to examine the effectiveness of processes …

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Physician–Patient Communication: Association With Health Literacy In African Americans Living With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Brittany Egeh Jan 2020

Physician–Patient Communication: Association With Health Literacy In African Americans Living With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Brittany Egeh

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Health literacy is needed throughout care to understand basic health, prevent diseases, understand diagnoses, and treatment and management of complicated diseases, such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Inadequate physician–patient communication is related to medication errors and overall understanding of basic health information in chronic condition such as T2DM. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between physician–patient communication and health literacy, glycemic control, diabetic knowledge, and demographics. The target population consisted of African Americans, ages 18-75, diagnosed with T2DM. Primary data were collected from a family medicine clinic using 4 questionnaires: s-TOFHLA (short form of functional …

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Hypertensive Self Care: An Educational Tool For Advanced Practice Nurses, Kelisia Burks Mckay Jan 2020

Hypertensive Self Care: An Educational Tool For Advanced Practice Nurses, Kelisia Burks Mckay

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Poorly controlled hypertension is a serious public health problem. Persons with high blood pressure are required to perform a variety of self-care behaviors. Advance practice nurses can improve health outcomes for hypertensive patients when they provide self-care education along with prescribing appropriate medications needed to treat high blood pressure. The purpose of this study was to educate rural advance practice nurses about hypertension medication and self-care management using the Hypertension Self-Care Activity Level Effects (H-SCALE) and the 8th National Joint Committee (JNC- 8) hypertensive guidelines. Twelve primary care advanced practices nurses (APN's) participated in an educational presentation that included pre …

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Evaluation Of A New Nurse Mentor Program, Corinne Romano Jan 2020

Evaluation Of A New Nurse Mentor Program, Corinne Romano

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Novice nurses in the facility had a turnover rate of 32% in 2017 and 2018, despite participation in a novice nurse residency program. This project was the 3-month formative evaluation of a 1-year mentor program designed for novice nurses. The mentor program had been created to augment the residency program and support practice transition for novice nurses. The project questions explored the results of the process evaluation at the 3-month mark of the year-long mentorship program for the first cohort and recommendations to the mentor coordinators for continuous quality improvement. This quality improvement project followed the PDSA (plan-do-study-act) methodology. The …

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Bridging Disparities: Mass Incarceration Among African American Men, Eghosa Asemota, Jonathan A. Grubb Jan 2020

Bridging Disparities: Mass Incarceration Among African American Men, Eghosa Asemota, Jonathan A. Grubb

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

No abstract provided.

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Discovery And Optimization Of Anti-Cancer Properties Of Traditional Herbal Medicines Using Zebrafish-Human Tumor Xenografts, Ashleigh M. Solheim Jan 2020

Discovery And Optimization Of Anti-Cancer Properties Of Traditional Herbal Medicines Using Zebrafish-Human Tumor Xenografts, Ashleigh M. Solheim

Honors College Theses

Cancer is one of the most well-known diseases around the world. It hurts everyone in some way, whether they have it themselves or they know someone that is diagnosed. But the problem is not just this brutal disease, the problem is its invasive treatments. The most common treatments for cancer have harmful and painful side-effects that occur in most cases. As a solution to invasive cancer treatments, this experiment is testing herbal medications Neem, Nilavembu, Ashwagandha and Tulsi as potential nontoxic cancer treatments. First, the maximum tolerable dosage for each herbal agent was found. This dosage was used for the …

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The Oral Microbiome And Its Effects On Human Systemic Diseases, Hee Chang Shin Jan 2020

The Oral Microbiome And Its Effects On Human Systemic Diseases, Hee Chang Shin

Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects

In the past decade, scientists and healthcare professionals have gained interest in the microbiome and its function as part of the human body. The two most diverse microbiome environments are found in the gut and the oral cavity. While the gut microbiome has been investigated more deeply and continues to be a great interest, the oral microbiome is in comparison a more recent subject with fewer reports on the topic. The purpose of this review paper is to highlight the main human systemic diseases associated with the oral microbiome and to discuss how our understanding of the oral microbiome’s effect …

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Freestanding Emergency Departments: A Possible Solution To Rural Hospital Closure, Emily Steadman Jan 2020

Freestanding Emergency Departments: A Possible Solution To Rural Hospital Closure, Emily Steadman

Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects

Freestanding emergency departments have become more and more common over the years and have started to pop up in many states across the country. A freestanding emergency department is a facility that provides healthcare in the form of emergency services separate from those at a hospital. FEDs can be seen as independent structures that are distinct from hospital-based emergency rooms and urgent facilities. Just as freestanding emergency departments have spread across the country in a bit of a frenzy, another prevalent issue has been sweeping the country, the closure of rural hospitals. Over the last decade rural hospitals have struggled …

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Parkinson’S Disease: Current Treatment Options, Luke Kovaleski Jan 2020

Parkinson’S Disease: Current Treatment Options, Luke Kovaleski

Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects

Parkinson’s Disease is a neurodegenerative disease that is caused by a lack of dopamine. This lack of dopamine has many effects on a person’s body who has Parkinson’s Disease including loss of motor control, slowed movement (bradykinesia), changes in speech, impaired posture and balance, and muscle rigidity. The object of this paper is to explore some of the many different options for treatment of symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease that are currently available. There is not one over-arching treatment that can alleviate the symptoms that are caused by Parkinson’s Disease. However, if multiple treatments are used together, a patient who is …

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A Social Review Of The Opioid Epidemic: The History, Pathophysiology, And Effects On Rural America, Holly J. Goehring Jan 2020

A Social Review Of The Opioid Epidemic: The History, Pathophysiology, And Effects On Rural America, Holly J. Goehring

Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects

One of the more pressing issues in modern day health care is the nationwide heath care crisis known as the opioid epidemic. The beginning of this literature review will focus on the history of opioid use and early prescription rates, as well as the summary and definitions of the drugs involved in the current opioid epidemic. The review then shifts to the pathophysiology of addiction involving the activation of opioid receptors and opioid use disorder. The main focus of this literature review is the societal impacts of the opioid epidemic, making special reference to the economic burden and effects on …

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Antidepressant Effects On Rem Sleep, Mitchel Adams Jan 2020

Antidepressant Effects On Rem Sleep, Mitchel Adams

Biology and Microbiology Graduate Students Plan B Research Projects

Individuals who deal with depression are typically prescribed antidepressants in order to alleviate the depressive symptoms that they may be having. Polysomnographic sleep research has revealed that depression is associated with altered sleep architecture and distorted REM sleep quality.2 Specifically, increased REM sleep duration and density have proved to be markers that predict recurrence and relapse for depressed individuals. REM sleep serves to stimulate regions of the brain that are important with learning and memory consolidation. However, an increased duration of REM sleep in depressed individuals proves to be unfavorable. Antidepressants drugs aim to weaken sleep quality, which is …

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Do Racial Stereotypes Contribute To Medical Misdiagnosis Of Child Abuse? Investigating Tunnel Vision In The Emergency Room, Cynthia J. Najdowski, Kimberly M. Bernstein, Katherine S. Wahrer Jan 2020

Do Racial Stereotypes Contribute To Medical Misdiagnosis Of Child Abuse? Investigating Tunnel Vision In The Emergency Room, Cynthia J. Najdowski, Kimberly M. Bernstein, Katherine S. Wahrer

Psychology Faculty Scholarship

Despite growing recognition that misdiagnoses of child abuse can lead to wrongful convictions, little empirical work has examined how the medical community may contribute to these errors. Previous research has documented the existence and content of stereotypes that associate race with child abuse. The current study examines whether emergency medical professionals rely on this stereotype to fill in gaps in ambiguous cases involving Black children, thereby increasing the potential for misdiagnoses of child abuse. Specifically, we tested whether the race-abuse stereotype led participants to attend to more abuse-related details than infection-related details when an infant patient was Black versus White. …

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Report On Artificial Intelligence In Healthcare, Sushil Pandey Jan 2020

Report On Artificial Intelligence In Healthcare, Sushil Pandey

Student Academic Conference

Report on Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

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Relationship Between Mental Health And Obesity In The United States, Lexie E. Barnett Jan 2020

Relationship Between Mental Health And Obesity In The United States, Lexie E. Barnett

2020 Symposium Posters

Rates of obesity have continued to grow in the United States, as well as the rates of mental illness. There appears to be a link between mental health and obesity. Obesity develops from a combination of environmental effects and genetics, both of which can present as heightened risk factors in people with mental illness. Obesity also brings with its higher risks of type two diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which can further affect psychological well-being. It has been discovered that an uneven number of individuals with mental health issues are obese compared to the general population. The research method that was …

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Differences Between Older And Younger Adults With Diagnosed Cardiovascular Disease: An Analysis Of Fels Study Data, Jacqueline Jacobs Jan 2020

Differences Between Older And Younger Adults With Diagnosed Cardiovascular Disease: An Analysis Of Fels Study Data, Jacqueline Jacobs

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Most deaths in the United States (U.S.) result from complications of chronic diseases and at the heart of the matter is America’s number one killer: cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is culpable for 33% of U.S. deaths, killing more people than all cancers and chronic lower respiratory diseases combined.

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