Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Increasing Breastfeeding Duration And Exclusivity In A Sample Of Rural Women: A Pilot Study, Joanne Chopak-Foss, Felicia Yeboah

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: Increasing breastfeeding exclusivity and duration is an objective of Maternal and Child Health (MICH-21.4 and 21.5) of the Healthy People 2020 initiative. Breastfeeding rates differ considerably between high-income and low-income women.

Methods: This was a pilot project conducted to assess the feasibility of an intervention to increase breastfeeding practices overall and to improve exclusive breastfeeding rates among a sample of rural women enrolled in the Special, Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) in a rural Georgia county. Participants were recruited from the local regional hospital (n=27). Support group meetings were offered over a four-week period and …

Recognizing And Addressing The Oral Health Needs Of Georgia, Carole Hanes, Ketarya Hunt, Stephanie Perry

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: The intent of this report is to provide an assessment of oral health needs for Georgia and to highlight the efforts underway at the Dental College of Georgia (DCG) at Augusta University to address these needs. In underserved areas of Georgia, the burden of untreated oral disease remains high. Because of in-migration and the inadequate availability of educational programs, the population continues to grow faster than the number of health care providers.

Methods: An overview of the oral health needs in Georgia is provided, along with a review of the ongoing outreach by the DCG to address those oral …

Dental College Of Georgia Teams Up With Richmond County Health Department To Help, Nancy Lyn Wilson, Mark Peacock, Christopher Cutler, Jamie De Stefano

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: The Central Savannah River Area remains, for many of the poor, a dental health care shortage area. Each year, from December to March, fourth-year dental students perform outreach with faculty to search the community for unmet dental needs, including dental caries and periodontal disease, the treatment of which is required for the Central Regional Dental Testing Service (CRDTS) Exam, the dental licensing examination.

Methods: Fourth year students at the Augusta University Dental College of Georgia recruit patients for free dental pre-screenings at health fairs, community centers, the Barnyard Flea Market, and the dental school. Persons with periodontitis are invited …

Use Of A Teledentistry Partnership Program To Reach A Rural Pediatric Population, Tara E. Schafer, Bruce Riggs

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: Teledentistry is “the practice of using video-conferencing technologies to diagnose and provide advice about treatment over a distance.” Teledentistry has been defined as “the practice of using video-conferencing technologies to diagnose and provide advice about treatment over a distance.” This report describes the partnership of two rural Georgia public health districts. Augusta University Dental College of Georgia’s Department of Pediatric Dentistry partnered with a private practice dentist in Georgia with the goal of increasing access to care.

Methods: A partnership was created that allowed dentists in a remote location to triage dental patients seen in a school-based clinic.

Results: …

Dental Students Develop Program Addressing Geriatric Oral Health At Local Nursing Home, Nancy Lyn Wilson, Katherine Ciarrocca

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: The elderly, especially those who reside in institutions and have a minority or low-income background, often have unmet oral health needs. As life expectancy increases, so will the need for oral health providers skilled in addressing the unique challenges presented by geriatric patients.

Methods: Dentists for Della is a student organization at the Dental College of Georgia that aims to improve the oral health status of residents at the Georgia War Veterans Nursing Home (GWVNH) in Augusta, Georgia. The students conduct fundraising activities so that third and fourth year students can provide needed dental treatment at no cost to …

Oligodendrocyte Nf1 Controls Aberrant Notch Activation And Regulates Myelin Structure And Behavior, Alejandro Lopez-Juarez, Haley E. Titus, Sadiq H. Silbak, Joshua W. Pressler, Tilat A. Rizvi, Madeleine Bogard, Michael R. Bennett, Georgianne Ciraolo, Michael T. Williams, Charles V. Vorhees, Nancy Ratner

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications

The RASopathy neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is one of the most common autosomal dominant genetic disorders. In NF1 patients, neurological issues may result from damaged myelin, and mice with a neurofibromin gene (Nf1) mutation show white matter (WM) defects including myelin decompaction. Using mouse genetics, we find that altered Nf1 gene-dose in mature oligodendrocytes results in progressive myelin defects and behavioral abnormalities mediated by aberrant Notch activation. Blocking Notch, upstream mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), or nitric oxide signaling rescues myelin defects in hemizygous Nf1 mutants, and pharmacological gamma secretase inhibition rescues aberrant behavior with no effects in wild-type …

E-Mail Reminders Improve Completion Rates Of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures., Jacob J Triplet, Enesi Momoh, Jennifer Kurowicki, Leonardo D Villarroel, Tsun Yee Law, Jonathan C Levy

Ambulatory and Primary Care Articles

BACKGROUND: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have become increasingly important in assessing clinical outcomes. However, acquisition of data at routine time intervals can be challenging. The ability of e-mail reminders to save follow-up intervals when office visits are missed is unknown.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of a consecutive series of 186 shoulder surgical patients who underwent surgery between October 2, 2012, and July 2, 2013, was conducted. Simple Shoulder Test and 12-Item Short Form Health Survey scores were completed at preoperative visits using office-based tablet surveys. Patients were observed for completeness of PROMs at expected routine follow-up of 1 …

Causal Pathways From Enteropathogens To Environmental Enteropathy: Findings From The Mal-Ed Birth Cohort Study, Margaret N. Kosek, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Imran Ahmed, Syed Asad Ali, Muneera Rasheed, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Ali Turab, Didar Alam, Shahida Qureshi

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Environmental enteropathy (EE), the adverse impact of frequent and numerous enteric infections on the gut resulting in a state of persistent immune activation and altered permeability, has been proposed as a key determinant of growth failure in children in low- and middle-income populations. A theory-driven systems model to critically evaluate pathways through which enteropathogens, gut permeability, and intestinal and systemic inflammation affect child growth was conducted within the framework of the Etiology, Risk Factors and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development (MAL-ED) birth cohort study that included children from eight countries. …

The Role Of Mobile Phone-Based Interventions To Improve Routine Childhood Immunisation Coverage, Abdul Momin Kazi

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

No abstract provided.

Genetic Association Analysis Of Polymorphisms In Psd3 Gene With Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, And Hdl Cholesterol, Shaoqing Gong, Chun Xu, Liang Wang, Ying Liu, Daniel Owusu, Beth A. Bailey, Yujing Li, Kesheng Wang

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications

Highlights

• First study of PSD3 gene with obesity, type 2 diabetes and HDL cholesterol.

• Identified 23 SNPs associated with obesity with p < 0.05 in gene discovery.

• 20 SNPs were associated with obesity in meta-analysis of two samples.

• 6 SNPs associated with type 2 diabetes and 11 associated with HDL.

• Findings offer new insights into the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes.

Abstract

Background

The pleckstrin and Sec7 domain-containing 3 (PSD3) gene has been linked to immune diseases. We examined whether the genetic variants within the PSD3 gene are associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level.

Methods

Multiple …

How Postpartum Women With Depressive Symptoms Manage Sleep Disruption And Fatigue, Jennifer J. Doering, Dauphne A. Sims, Donald D. Miller

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Postpartum sleep and fatigue have bidirectional relationships with depressive symptoms and challenge women's everyday functioning. The everyday process of managing postpartum sleep and fatigue in the context of depressive symptoms remains unexplored. We conducted a grounded theory study with a sample of 19 women who screened positive on the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS™) Short Form at 3 weeks postpartum. Women completed semi‐structured in‐home interviews and the full PDSS and Modified Fatigue Symptoms Checklist at 1, 3, and 6 months postpartum. The sample was on average 27 years old, with 2.8 children, and 63% were African‐American. They described a basic …

A Rare Case Of Vascular Ring And Coarctation Of The Aorta In Association With Charge Syndrome, Jonathan B Wagner, Joshua Q Knowlton, Peter Pastuszko, Sanket S Shah

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

A male neonate presented with CHARGE syndrome, a multiorgan genetic disorder involving the Coloboma of the eyes, congenital Heart defects, nasal choanal Atresia, growth and development Retardation, Genitourinary disorders, and Ear anomalies and deafness. Moreover, he had a rare case of vascular ring—consisting of a right aortic arch with retroesophageal brachiocephalic artery—combined with coarctation of the mid-aortic arch. He underwent both vascular ring and aortic arch repair at our institution.

To our knowledge, this is the 4th documented case of this exceedingly rare type of aortic arch anomaly combined with aortic arch obstruction. Moreover, it is the first confirmed case …

What Makes A Medical Journal Successful? Five Crucial Components, Herbert L Fred

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Pain Management Efficacy Study Between Continuous And Single-Administration Bupivacaine Following Lumbar Spinal Fusion, Jay Tumulak, Steve Johnston, Patty Adams

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Poorly managed postoperative pain decreases patient satisfaction, impedes early patient mobilization, lengthens inpatient hospital stay, and increases healthcare costs. Multimodal analgesia with local anesthetics is considered most effective for postoperative pain management. This study compared patients undergoing lumbar fusion who received plain bupivacaine from May 2011 until August 2012 with those who received liposomal bupivacaine from September 2012 until May 2013. The aim was to determine which preparation reduced postoperative opioid use the most. All lumbar spinal fusion surgeries in the periods indicated were included in the study. Ninety-three patient charts were reviewed: 47 for the plain bupivacaine group and …

J Mich Dent Assoc Apr 2017

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Archival issues of the Journal of the Michigan Dental Association may include reports on the activities of the association and its members, clinical articles, information on legal and ethical practice considerations, and perspectives of interest to MDA members and those in the oral health profession.

Prolonged Sinus Pauses Upon Termination Of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: Abnormal Right Atrial Electrophysiologic And Electroanatomic Findings, Zhengyu Bao, Hongwu Chen, Bing Yang, Michael Shehata, Weizhu Ju, Fengxiang Zhang, Gang Yang, Kai Gu, Mingfang Li, Kejiang Cao, Xunzhang Wang, Minglong Chen

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

The efficacy of pulmonary vein antral isolation for patients with prolonged sinus pauses (PSP) on termination of atrial fibrillation has been reported. We studied the right atrial (RA) electrophysiologic and electroanatomic characteristics in such patients.

Forty patients underwent electroanatomic mapping of the RA: 13 had PSP (group A), 13 had no PSP (group B), and 14 had paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (control group C). Group A had longer P-wave durations in lead II than did groups B and C (115.5 ± 15.4 vs 99.5 ± 10.9 vs 96.5 ± 10.4 ms; P=0.001), and RA activation times (106.8 ± 13.8 vs …

Nina Braunwald: A Female Pioneer In Cardiac Surgery, Nikhil Sabharwal, Harmanjit Dev, Hassiba Smail, David C Mcgiffin, Pankaj Saxena

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Nina Starr Braunwald, the first female cardiac surgeon, made headlines during a time when almost all specialty surgeons were men.

Women have typically been deterred from entering surgical specialties, in part because of their traditional dual burden of managing their households and careers. Instead, female medical students and junior doctors have tended to be more attracted to medical specialties. This was the reality during Dr. Braunwald's venture into medicine in 1949. However, she never allowed negative ideas to keep her from joining a surgical training program.

Under the mentorship of the prominent cardiac surgeons Charles Hufnagel and Andrew Morrow, Dr. …

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation In A Patient With Unicuspid Aortic Valve, Angelo Nascimbene, Pranav Loyalka, Igor D Gregoric, Ricardo Bellera, Maan Malahfji, Marija Petrovic, Biswajit Kar

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in patients with bicuspid aortic valves has been successfully performed, but there is a lack of published experience in percutaneous treatment of patients with unicuspid valves and severe aortic stenosis. We describe a case of TAVR in such a patient.

A 31-year-old woman with Turner syndrome—who had undergone coarctation repair via subclavian flap at age 7 days and an aortic valvotomy at age 6 weeks—presented with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. She was deemed inoperable because of her severe pulmonary hypertension and numerous comorbidities; consequently, a 20-mm Edwards Sapien 3 Transcatheter Heart Valve was offered for …

A Second Chance: Employers’ Perspectives In Hiring Individuals In Addiction Recovery, Alicia B. Becton, Roy K. Chen, Teresia M. Paul

School of Rehabilitation Services & Counseling Faculty Publications

There is a constant debate that employers are not adequately prepared to hire individuals in addiction recovery for a number of reasons. Literature suggests lack of awareness, knowledge, and skills necessary to interact with individuals in addiction recovery as common factors impacting employment outcomes. The purpose of the study was to use open-ended questions to examine employer perspectives toward hiring individuals in addiction recovery. Furthermore, the authors examined gender, business industry, and employer profession to identify any common factors between groups. Major themes in the study included employability, available supports and resources for business owners, influence of societal biases, and …

Growing South Dakota (Spring 2017), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

This issue contains the 2016 South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station Annual Report.

[Page] 3 Opportunities With Oats SDSU Researchers Strive to Improve Varieties [Page] 6 Stopping Stem Canker Plant Pathologists Making Progress To Keep This Disease At Bay
[Page] 7 Disease Detectives Vet Scientists Researching Another Emerging Virus [Page] 8 Community Support Devastating West River Fire Brings Ag Industry Together
[Page] 10 Research In Progress Dakota Lakes Research Farm Investigates Three Big Ideas
[Page] 14 Water Quality Quest Understanding E. Coli Behavior Aims To Aid Water Quality In Rivers & Streams
[Page] 15 Verifying Ag Land Valuation Researchers Assist In …

The Problem With An After-Hours Prophy Appointment, Michael G. Maihofer Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Regular column featuring ethical guidance and consideration for practicing dentists.

Fast Genome-Wide Qtl Association Mapping On Pedigree And Population Data, Hua Zhou, John Blangero, Thomas D. Dyer, Kei-Hang K. Chan, Kenneth Lange, Eric M. Sobel

School of Medicine Publications

Since most analysis software for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) currently exploit only unrelated individuals, there is a need for efficient applications that can handle general pedigree data or mixtures of both population and pedigree data. Even datasets thought to consist of only unrelated individuals may include cryptic relationships that can lead to false positives if not discovered and controlled for. In addition, family designs possess compelling advantages. They are better equipped to detect rare variants, control for population stratification, and facilitate the study of parent-of-origin effects. Pedigrees selected for extreme trait values often segregate a single gene with strong effect. …

Pediatric Oncology Nurses' Experiences With Prognosis-Related Communication, Amy Rose Newman

Dissertations (1934 -)

Health care providers (HCPs) in pediatric oncology are faced with the challenge of communicating the devastating news of a cancer diagnosis and prognosis. This type of communication can be referred to as prognosis-related communication (PRC). While the initial conversation with the patient and family regarding prognosis is generally considered the responsibility of the physician, patients and family members will subsequently turn to nurses for clarification of the information presented. If nurses are excluded from initial conversations, they may feel as though they are “working in the dark,” trying to answer questions while not contradicting what the physician said. This strained …

Relationship Of Exposure To Heart Failure Discharge Teaching To Readmission Within 30 Days, Becky Ann Pogacar

Dissertations (1934 -)

Heart Failure (HF) patients are at increased risk for higher rates of hospital readmission within 30 days. Previous studies have demonstrated educational interventions delivered by nurses reduce readmission but the relationship of the dose of teaching to HF readmission or ED utilization remains unclear. A retrospective correlational design framed by the General Outcomes Effectiveness Model was utilized to (1) establish a relationship between the dose of discharge teaching documented by acute care nurses and the outcomes of hospital readmission and ED utilization within 30 days of a previous hospital discharge and (2) identify the teaching components included in an evidence-based …

Building Research Infrastructure In Magnet® Hospitals: Current Status And Future Directions, Meg Johantgen, Marianne E. Weiss, Vicki Lundmark, Robin Newhouse, Karen Haller, Lynn Unruh, Maria Shirey

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe the infrastructures supporting research in Magnet® hospitals.

BACKGROUND: Hospitals undertaking the journey toward Magnet designation must build research and evidence-based practice (EBP) infrastructures that support the infusion of research and EBP into clinical practice.

METHODS: An electronic survey was developed and distributed to the chief nursing officer or Magnet coordinator of all Magnet hospitals between June 10, 2015, and July 8, 2015.

RESULTS: Of the 418 Magnet hospitals invited, 249 responses (60%) were received. Resources dedicated to nursing research were difficult to isolate from those for EBP. Supporting clinical nurses’ time …

Evaluation Of A Primary Care Weight Loss Program, Callie Chiroff, Christine Shaw, Kristin Haglund, Susan Breakwell

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Nurse practitioners at a primary care clinic established a weight loss program to address high obesity rates among their African American patients. Interviews and a retrospective chart review were used to evaluate the weight loss program. Number of appointments was the only significant predictor of weight loss, and there was a strong positive correlation between total number of appointments and weight loss. The overall view of the program was positive. This description and evaluation of the program may be useful to nurse practitioners seeking to develop an individualized effective weight loss intervention for African Americans within a primary care setting.

Role Of Route Previewing Strategies On Climbing Fluency And Exploratory Movements, Ludovic Seifert, Romain Cordier, Dominic Orth, Yoan Courtine, James L. Croft

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This study examined the role of route previewing strategies on climbing fluency and on exploratory movements of the limbs, in order to understand whether previewing helps people to perceive and to realize affordances. Eight inexperienced and ten experienced climbers previewed a 10 m high route of 5b difficulty on French scale, then climbed it with a top-rope as fluently as possible. Gaze behavior was collected from an eye tracking system during the preview and allowed us to determine the number of times they scanned the route, and which of four route previewing strategies (fragmentary, ascending, zigzagging, and sequence-of-blocks) they used. …

Acute Elevations In Serum Hormones Are Attenuated After Chronic Training With Traditional Isoinertial But Not Accentuated Eccentric Loads In Strength-Trained Men, Simon Walker, Keijo Häkkinen, Greg Haff, Anthony J. Blazevich, Robert Newton

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

It has been proposed that the maintenance of acute hormonal responses reveal an efficacy of a training stimulus to evoke ongoing increases in strength and muscle mass. We previously observed that maximum strength continued to improve throughout a 10‐week period in an accentuated eccentric loading group (AEL) but not a traditional isoinertial loading (ISO) group. Therefore, this study investigated whether the magnitude of acute hormonal responses was greater (i.e., maintained) in AEL compared to ISO at the end of the training period. Subjects in AEL (eccentric load = concentric load + 40%) and ISO performed experimental loading tests (three sets …

Superior Effects Of Eccentric To Concentric Knee Extensor Resistance Training On Physical Fitness, Insulin Sensitivity And Lipid Profiles Of Elderly Men, Trevor Chung-Ching Chen, Wei-Chin Tseng, Guan-Ling Huang, Hsin-Lian Chen, Kuo-Wei Tseng, Kazunori Nosaka

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

It has been reported that eccentric training of knee extensors is effective for improving blood insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles to a greater extent than concentric training in young women. However, it is not known whether this is also the case for elderly individuals. Thus, the present study tested the hypothesis that eccentric training of the knee extensors would improve physical function and health parameters (e.g., blood lipid profiles) of older adults better than concentric training. Healthy elderly men (60–76 years) were assigned to either eccentric training or concentric training group (n=13/group), and performed 30–60 eccentric or concentric …

Using Patient-Centered Care After A Prenatal Diagnosis Of Trisomy 18 Or Trisomy 13: A Review, Shelly Haug, Mitchell Goldstein, Denise Cummins, Elba Fayard, Allen Merritt

Faculty Publications

IMPORTANCE Patient-centered care (PCC) has been advocated by the Institute of Medicine to improve health care in the United States. Four concepts of PCC align with clinical ethics principles and are associated with enhanced patient/parent satisfaction. These concepts are dignity and respect, information sharing, participation, and collaboration. The objective of this article is to use the PCC approach as a framework for an extensive literature review evaluating the current status of counseling regarding prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 18 (T18) or trisomy 13 (T13) and to advocate PCC in the care of these infants.

OBSERVATIONS Extensive availability of prenatal screening and …