Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Effects Of Head Motion On Postural Stability In Participants With Chronic Motion Sensitivity, Abdulaziz A. Albalwi

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: Motion sensitivity, or motion sickness, is common among individuals in modern vehicular and visually stimulating environments; notably, people with normal vestibular function are susceptible to this condition. Motion-provoked dizziness often causes postural instability. Purposes: This study aimed to compare the effects of head motion on postural stability in healthy adults with and without chronic motion sensitivity (CMS) and to determine the effects of head motion direction (horizontal versus vertical) on postural stability. Methods: Sixty healthy adult males and females aged 20 to 40 years old were assigned to two groups, 30 participants with CMS and 30 participants without CMS. …

The Role Of Tgf-Β In Ctb-Insulin Regulated Human Dendritic Cell Tolerance, Grace Edosewe Esebanmen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Cholera toxin B subunit fusion to autoantigen vaccines such as proinsulin (CTB-INS) down regulates dendritic cell (DC) activation and induces the synthesis of DC immunosuppressive cytokines. Recent studies of CTB-INS induction of immune tolerance in human DCs indicate that increased IDO1 biosynthesis may play an important role in CTB-INS vaccine inhibition of DC activation. Previous studies suggest transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) may play a role in the stimulation of IDO1 biosynthesis for induction of immunological tolerance in murine DCs. To elucidate the mechanisms by which CTB-INS may stimulate IDO1 biosynthesis and mediate tolerance in human DCs, we investigated the …

Bonding And Psychosocial Adjustment Of Youth In Foster Care, Alicia Marie Nicoleau

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Foster families face complex issues that include a history of maltreatment, family disruption, placement instability, behavioral problems, and other adjustment related concerns. Adjusting to these issues presents unique challenges to foster youths and their families. Using family systems theory as the theoretical lens, this study explored the ways in which youth psychosocial adjustment is related to the interactions between foster parents and foster youth in long-term placement as perceived and reported by foster parents. This study utilized a qualitative methodology with a grounded theory approach. Using in-depth interviews, foster parents described their perceptions of how their foster youth cope and …

An Examination Of The Moderating Effect Of Proactive Coping In Nicu Nurses, Britan M. Moore

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The NICU environment is unique in that the patient population consists of critically ill neonates. Research has revealed that there are increased levels of depression, secondary traumatic stress, and burnout in nurses. Problem solving and support seeking coping strategies have been shown to be associated with lower levels of burnout and increased patient and job satisfaction in general staff nurses. Multiple linear regression and a hierarchical stepwise technique was used to conduct moderator analyses assessing whether the use of problem solving or support seeking strategies moderated the relationship between secondary traumatic stress levels and burnout as well as between depressive …

Accuracy Of A Newly Developed Guided Dental Implant Delivery System, Fallon D. Livingston

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a guided dental implant system with one operator comparing the treatment planned location to the actual location using a table top optical scanner. Materials and Methods: Twenty five patients were treated with a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan. A stone cast was made of each patient and scanned using an optical table top scanner. The optical scan of the cast and the CBCT of the patient were superimposed and a single implant was placed virtually in the software program. A sterolithographic three dimensional (3D) surgical guide was …

Activity Monitor Accuracy For Lower-Limb Amputees Living In Colombia And Texas, Gary Guerra Briseno

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Maintaining physical activity for lower limb prosthesis wearers is important in order to reduce comorbidities and decrease physical function. Activity monitors can provide motivation for the wearer and outcome measurements for the health care professional. Two cohorts of lower extremity amputees participated in two separate studies examining the accuracy of activity monitors. Each participant completed a 200m walking trial while activity monitors were fitted to them and step counts were compared with actual counts. For participants walking on even ground in a developing setting no significant differences between pedometer and actual counts were found, nor were there significant differences with …

Testing The Effectiveness Of The Irelate Program On Marines: An Enhanced Program Evaluation, Griselda M. Lloyd

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Junior enlisted Marines are getting married at a faster rate than their civilian counterparts and nearly twice that of senior personnel (Gomulka, 2010; Cohen, Passel, Wang, & Livingston, 2011). With the high rate of marriage, these same junior Marines have a disproportionately high divorce rate. While the high rate of divorce is a significant issue, divorce in the Marine Corps population is complex as it affects the individual’s and family’s well-being, and the Marine’s unit level of readiness (Karney & Crown, 2007; United Stated Marine Corps, 2014). As a result of this high rate of divorce, a group of Navy …

Effect Of Image Sharpening On Radiographic Image Quality, Jefferson Lee Clark

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

There is evidence that capture and processing of the digital radiographic images may contain artifacts that could reduce the diagnostic value of dental radiographs. This phenomenon has been reported through various case reports. However, its effect on radiographic image quality has not been studied. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of image processing on the quality of dental digital radiographs using the most common type of filter; sharpening. Four imaging modalities (2 CMOS, 1 PSP, 1 conventional film) were used to radiograph a DDQA imaging phantom (Digital Dental Quality Assurance phantom) and to create a flat …

Living On Borrowed Time: A Longitudinal Examination Of A Time-Limited Housing Voucher Program, Lauren D. Foster

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

There are a number of families currently living in poverty across the United States (Census, 2010). These families are often stressed and spread thin in their daily lives. Different governmental supports are used to bolster individuals and families during their experiences of poverty. One such entity is the United States Department of Housing and Urban Affairs (HUD). This agency provides housing to countless residents each year (HUD, 2016). Much is known about the different program that HUD offers but information is limited what strengths families can bring in that can aid in their experiences while living in poverty. Using Hierarchical …

Predictors Of Postpartum Depression Among Women In Karachi, Pakistan, Vimla Gill John

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Pakistan has the highest prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) among Asian countries. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to determine the predictors of PPD among women in Karachi, Pakistan. The Transactional Model of Stress and Coping was used as a framework. A purposive convenience sample of 234 postpartum women was taken from out-patient departments of a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. A survey in English and Urdu containing the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), DUREL Religion Index Subscale three, Cohen’s 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Abuse Assessment Screen, Traditional postpartum …

Clinicians’ Perspectives On Adopting A Lung Cancer Palliative Care Intervention, Shaunna Siler

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Despite the significant progress in implementing palliative care interventions for cancer patients, few intervention studies seek healthcare clinicians’ input prior to implementation. The purpose of this research was then to explore palliative care and oncology clinicians’ (e.g., physicians, nurses, social workers, and chaplains) perspectives on current challenges and useful practices in meeting the quality of life needs of lung cancer patients and family caregivers, and to increase the likelihood of the adoption of a palliative care intervention based on understanding current trends in palliative care delivery at three outpatient oncology sites. The conceptual framework used for this study was the …

Coping As A Mediator Between Symptom Burden And Distress In Lung Cancer Patients, Spring F. Gehring

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Lung cancer is considered the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. An estimated 224,390 new cases of lung cancer are expected to be diagnosed and 158,080 Americans are expected to die from lung cancer in 2016 (National Institutes of Health, 2016; Siegel, Miller, & Jemal, 2016). Lung cancer patients also report the highest levels of psychological distress and symptom burden than any other forms of cancer (Linden, Vodermaier, MacKenzie, & Greig, 2012). Given the prevalence and impact of lung cancer, it is imperative to address the emotional toll this diagnosis can have on those suffering with the disease to develop …

A Novel Population Of Cardiovascular Progenitors Persist In Neonates As Mesendodermal Cells, Julia Kim

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The rise in mortality due to cardiovascular disease has increased the need to develop an efficient regenerative therapeutic for heart failure. Numerous cell-based therapies have been investigated for myocardial regeneration; however, an optimal progenitor has yet to be discovered. Identifying a resident cell population with enhanced ability to differentiate into multiple lineages would greatly contribute to the field of stem cell-based regenerative therapy. Evidence suggests that endogenous cardiovascular progenitor cells (CPCs) that have been isolated from the heart itself express ISL1, KDR, and MESP1, and are capable of differentiating into all major cardiac lineages. The earlier developmental stage at which …

Dyadic Research In Couple Therapy: The Link Between Attachment And Relationship Satisfaction, Bryson Greaves

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Couple therapy ranks among the most frequently and diligently researched topics in Marital and Family therapy (MFT). Additionally, intimate partner relationships are a key focal point for clinical intervention with increasingly more couples seeking therapy to address relational conflict, repair emotional injury, and increase intimacy (Lebow, Chambers, Christensen, & Johnson 2012). Rigorous empirical inquiry has suggested that attachment theory is a crucial foundation to understanding relationship distress and increasing relationship satisfaction (Wiebe & Johnson, 2016). Secure attachment between intimate partners can lead to an increase in trust (Pistole, 1993), healthy emotion regulation (Kobak & Hazan, 1991), and positive conflict resolution …

Relationship Between Vestibular System, Vision, Anxiety, And Chronic Motion Sensitivity, Ahmad A. Alharbi

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

BACKGROUND: Chronic motion sensitivity (CMS) has been defined as a feeling of un-wellness elicited by either actual or perceived motion. CMS is a common condition and is more prevalent in females than in males. In addition to a variety of symptoms, young adults with CMS have less postural stability than those without CMS. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether vestibular system integrity, dependence on visual cues for postural stability, and the anxiety level are different between young adults with and without CMS, and whether it differs by gender within each group. METHODS: Sixty young adults (30 females and 30 males) were assigned …

Cancer Center Regional Benchmarks For Psychosocial Care, Desiree R. Azizoddin

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The American College of Surgeons (ACoS) Commissions on Cancer (CoC) formulated and implemented standard 3.2 for Psychosocial Distress Screening. This standard requires that all accredited cancer centers evaluate psychosocial distress and provide appropriate triage and intervention for all cancer patients. Over the past decade, Loma Linda University Medical Oncology Center (LLUMOC) administration, physicians, nurses, psychosocial care staff, and chaplaincy collaborated to implement a psychosocial screening and referral program throughout cancer patient services. This current research includes qualitative analysis assessing strengths and barriers of the psychosocial program at LLUMOC from the perspective of LLUMOC providers and two directors of Supportive Care …

2017-2018 Fall Bulletin, University Of Mississippi Medical Center

Bulletins/Catalogs

2017-2018 Fall Bulletin

Neurophysiological Capacity In A Working Memory Task Differentiates Dependent From Nondependent Heavy Drinkers And Controls, Michael J. Wesley, Joshua A. Lile, Mark T. Fillmore, Linda J. Porrino

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

Background—Determining the brain-behavior profiles that differentiate heavy drinkers who are and are not alcohol dependent will inform treatment efforts. Working memory is linked to substance use disorders and can serve as a representation of the demand placed on the neurophysiology associated with cognitive control.

Methods—Behavior and brain activity (via fMRI) were recorded during an N-Back working memory task in controls (CTRL), nondependent heavy drinkers (A-ND) and dependent heavy drinkers (A-D). Typical and novel step-wise analyses examined profiles of working memory load and increasing task demand, respectively.

Results—Performance was significantly decreased in A-D during high working memory load …

Crispr Knockout Of The Hur Gene Causes A Xenograft Lethal Phenotype., Shruti Lal, Edwin C, Cheung, Mahsa Zarei, Ranjan Preet, Saswati N. Chand, Nicole C. Mambelli-Lisboa, Carmella Romeo, Matthew C. Stout, Eric Londin, Austin Goetz, Cinthya Y. Lowder, Avinoam Nevler, Charles Yeo, Paul M. Campbell, Jordan M. Winter, Dan A. Dixon, Jonathan Brody

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, whereas colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer. The RNA-binding protein HuR (ELAVL1) supports a pro-oncogenic network in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer cells through enhanced HuR expression. Using a publically available database, HuR expression levels were determined to be increased in primary PDA and colorectal cancer tumor cohorts as compared with normal pancreas and colon tissues, respectively. CRISPR/Cas9 technology was successfully used to delete the HuR gene in both PDA (MIA PaCa-2 and Hs 766T) and colorectal cancer (HCT116) cell lines. HuR deficiency has …

Human Cytomegalovirus: A Neglected Public Health Area Of Significant Relevance To Women, The Foetus And New Born. Time For Action!, Amna Rehana Siddiqui, Saira Ibrahim, Anwar Ali Siddiqui, Paul Moss, El-Nasir Lalani

Community Health Sciences

No abstract provided.

Multicomponent Intervention Versus Usual Care For Management Of Hypertension In Rural Bangladesh, Pakistan And Sri Lanka: Study Protocol For A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial., Tazeen H. Jafar, Imtiaz Jehan, H. Asita De Silva, Aliya Naheed, Mihir Gandhi, Pryseley Assam, Eric A. Finkelstein, Helena Legido Quigley, Marcel Bilger, Aamir Hameed, John David Clemens, Shah Ebrahim, Elizabeth L. Turner, Anuradhani Kasturiratne

Community Health Sciences

BACKGROUND:

High blood pressure (BP) is the leading attributable risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In rural South Asia, hypertension continues to be a significant public health issue with sub-optimal BP control rates. The goal of the trial is to compare a multicomponent intervention (MCI) to usual care to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the MCI for lowering BP among adults with hypertension in rural communities in Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

METHODS/DESIGN:

This study is a stratified, cluster randomized controlled trial with a qualitative component for evaluation of processes and stakeholder feedback. The MCI has five components: (1) home …

Hypertensive Supratentorial Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Early Surgery And Functional Outcome; A Tertiary Care Hospital Experience From Karachi, Pakistan., Muhammad Imran, Atiq Ahmed Khan, Syed Ijlal Ahmed, Shiraz Ahmed Ghouri, Muhammad Osama Farooqi, Alizay Rashid Khan, Majid Chandio

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous supratentorialintracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has a high morbidity and mortality and places a significant burden on health and social services.The role and timing of operative neurosurgical intervention remain controversial and the practice and timing of surgery continue to be haphazard. METHODOLOGY: Our study was a descriptive study conducted at Civil hospital Karachi, Pakistan. Sample size was calculated. The sampling technique of our study was non probability. The data was collected and analyzed using spssvs 17. Data was observed for any descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: There were 38 males (63.3%) and 22 females (36.7%). The mean age of patients …

Respiratory Distress In Patients Of Guillain-Barre Syndrome With Sensory Manifestations, Maher Bano Malik, Haris Majid Rajput, Jahangir Shoro

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is one of the most frequent disorder of peripheral nervous system associated with respiratory distress. One clinical parameter that was found significant in heralding the onset of respiratory failure in GBS weresensory manifestations. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of respiratory distress in patients of GuillainBarresyndrome with or without sensory manifestations in the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive case seriesthat was conducted from January 19, 2013 to July 18, 2013 in Department of Neurology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. All patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected for …

Advancing Gaming Technology In Neurological Rehabilitation, Samreen Sadiq, Iqra Khan

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

The consumption of gaming technology has recently gain unexpected significance in medical health care for neurological rehabilitation. With increasing interest in exergames study, numerous definitions and terminology have been introduced to describe this term. Researchers from health-related background acknowledged the fact that engaging in video gaming was not always sedentary and might act as a means to ensure more physical work. Simplifying the terminology exergames are those types of gaming technology or multimedia communications that necessitate the player to perform physical activity during play.

Role Of Manual Activities Among Cerebral Palsy Children, Iqra Khan, Samreen Sadiq

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Objective: Determine the role of manual activities in children presenting with spastic type of Cerebral Palsy. Methods: AQuasi experimental study was conducted in Children Hospital and Compass. A sample of 30 children with cerebral palsy aged between 6 to 12 years was studied and assessment was made before and after the implementation of treatment through ABILHAND kids Questionnaire. The duration of this study was 6 months from December 2014 to May 2015. The recruiting strategy used was convenience sampling. Intervention was given for a period of 90 hours for 9 weeks. Qualitative variables were expressed as proportions (percentages). Before and …

Histiocyt Ic Sarcoma Of The Flax Cerebri With Distant Metastasis, Ateeque Ahmed Khan, Mahnoor Hafeez

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Histiocytic Sarcoma is an extremely rare CNS tumor and to the best of authors' knowledge, the extra-axial CNS histiocytic Sarcoma involving FalxCerebriin the humans has not been described earlier in the literature.We report an unusual case of22 year old male who presented to the Civil Hospital with symptoms of chronic headache and bilateral lower limb weakness. His MRI Brain showed an aggressive heterogeneously enhancing extraaxialfalxtumor with trans-calvarial invasion seen on interim CT scan and demonstration of distant metastases after resection and craniectomy. The immune-histochemical analysis was strongly positive CD68 and S-100 signifying Histiocytic Sarcoma.

Fat Embolism Syndrome, In A Patient With Bilateral Total Knee Replacement, Syeda Saba Zaidi, Noman Ishaque

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Fat embolism syndrome is caused by the release of fat globules into the systemic circulation. The presentation varies from mild respiratory distress to a devastating clinical scenario that includes hypoxemia, petechial hemorrhages of the skin, and confusion that may lead to coma or death.It is prevalent in 1-5% of patients after trauma to the pelvis, long bones and rarely described in elective total knee replacement.

Discover The Ibn-E-Sina Within You' Annual Neurology Research Day, May 2017 Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Faaraea Haroon

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Headaches are the most prevalent neurological disorders and the most frequent symptom seen in general practice. The need to know further of such disorders in medical students is essential to ensure a healthier studying environment, which will ultimately yield better, more capable, health care professionals.

Neurosarcoidosis Presenting As Psychiatric Symptoms: A Diagnostic Challenge, Farheen Niazi, Tariq Hussain

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Among patients having neurosarcoidosis, psychiatric manifestations can be seen in 20% of the patients.Sarcoidosis is extremely rare in Asia, being almost unknown in some countries like China and Southeast Asia.Neurosarcoidosis occurs in approximately 5% of patients with sarcoidosis. Neurosarcoidosis presenting as psychiatric manifestations has rarely been reported. We report a case of a young male who presented with psychiatric symptoms,was diagnosed with neurosarcoidosisand responded well to oral steroids.His symptoms were diffuseheadaches, and feelings of movement of fluid on top of headand certain other vague somatic complaints like body aches, vertigo etc. Such patients are difficult to diagnose as sarcoidosis is …

Role Of Early Contrast Enhanced Ct Scan In Severity Prediction Of Acute Pancreatitis, Noman Shahzad, Muhammad Rizwan Khan, K. M. Inam Pal, Dawar Khan, Muhammad Shahrukh Effendi

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

Severe pancreatitis occurs in approximately 15-25% of patients with acute pancreatitis. The objective of our study was to compare the CTSeverity Index (CTSI) with a clinical score (BISAP score) to predict severity of acute pancreatitis. Forty-eight consecutive patients with acutepancreatitis who underwent contrast enhanced CT scan within 72 hours of presentation were included. Results of our study showed that both CTSI and BISAP score were reliable predictors of mortality (p value = 0.019 and <0.001 respectively) and need for mechanical ventilation (p value = .002 and .006 respectively). Positive predictive value of CTSI to predict recovery without intervention was 91.4% as compared to 78% for that of BISAP score. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) Curves showed CT scan was superior to BISAP Score in predicting need of percutaneous or surgical intervention. Early CT scan may be utilized for prediction of clinical course of patients with acute pancreatitis.