Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Contributions Of Body Fat And Effort In The 5k Run: Age And Body Weight Handicap, Anne R. Crecelius, Paul M. Vanderburgh, Lloyd L. Laubach

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

The 5K handicap (5KH), designed to eliminate the body weight (BW) and age biases inherent in the 5K run time (RT), yields an adjusted RT (RTadj) that can be compared between runners of different BW and age. As hypothesized in a validation study, however, not all BW bias may be removed, because of the influences of body fatness (BF) and effort (run speed; essentially the inverse as measured by rating of perceived exertion (RPE)). This study's purpose was to determine the effects of BF and RPE on BW bias in the 5KH. For 99 male runners in a regional 5K …

Anaesthetic Management Of A Pregnant Patient For Aortic Valve Replacement, Khalid M Siddiqui, Fazal Hameed Khan

Department of Anaesthesia

Cardiac disease can be encountered during pregnancy with the frequency being 1% to 2% of all pregnant women. Because of the high foetal and relative maternal mortality during surgery, medical management is the first line of treatment. Nevertheless, when medical treatment fails, cardiac surgery becomes necessary. We present the anaesthetic management of a case of Aortic valve disease in a pregnant woman undergoing surgery.

An Integrated Intervention In Pregnant African Americans Reduces Postpartum Risk: A Randomized Trial, Ayman El-Mohandes, Michele Kiely, Jill G. Joseph, Siva Subramanian, Allan A. Johnson, Susn M. Blake, Marie G. Gantz, M. Nabil El-Khorazaty

Publications and Research

Objective—To evaluate the efficacy of an integrated multiple risk intervention delivered mainly during pregnancy, in reducing such risks (smoking, environmental tobacco smoke exposure, depression and intimate partner violence) postpartum.

Design—Data from this randomized controlled trial were collected prenatally and on average 10 weeks postpartum in six prenatal care sites in the District of Columbia. African Americans were screened, recruited and randomly assigned to the behavioral intervention or usual care. Clinic-based, individually tailored counseling was delivered to intervention women. The outcome measures were number of reisks reported postpartum and reduction of these risks between baseline and postpartum.

Results—The …

Down-Regulation Of Dnmt3b In Pc3 Cells Effects Locus-Specific Dna Methylation, And Represses Cellular Growth And Migration., Ahmed Yaqinuddin, Sohail A. Qureshi, Romena Qazi, Farhat Abbas

Section of Urology

BACKGROUND:

Aberrations in DNA methylation patterns promote changes in gene expression patterns and are invariably associated with neoplasia. DNA methylation is carried out and maintained by several DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) among which DNMT1 functions as a maintenance methylase while DNMT3a and 3b serve as de novo enzymes. Although DNMT3b has been shown to preferentially target the methylationof DNA sequences residing in pericentric heterochromatin whether it is involved in gene specific methylation remains an open question. To address this issue, we have silenced the expression of DNMT3b in the prostate-derived PC3 cells through RNA interference and subsequently studied the accompanied cellular …

A Review Of Physiological Simulation Models Of Intracranial Pressure Dynamics, Wayne W. Wakeland, Brahm Goldstein

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper reviews the literature regarding the development, testing, and application of physiology-based computer simulation models of intracranial pressure dynamics. Detailed comparative information is provided in tabular format about the model variables and logic, any data collected, model testing and validation methods, and model results. Several syntheses are given that summarize the research carried out by influential research teams and researchers, review important findings, and discuss the methods employed, limitations, and opportunities for further research.

Myositis Ossificans Circumscripta Of The Buccinator Muscle: First Report Of A Rare Complication Of Mandibular Third Molar Extraction, Raymond L Wiggins, David Thurber, Kenneth Abramovitch, Jerry Bouquot, Nadarajah Vigneswaran

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Alzheimer's Disease And Vascular Dementia In Developing Countries: Prevalence, Management, And Risk Factors, Raj N. Kalaria, Gladys E. Maestre, Raul Arizaga, Robert P. Friedland, Doug Galasko, Kathleen Hall, José A. Luchsinger, Adesola Ogunniyi, Elaine K. Perry, Felix Potocnik

School of Medicine Publications

Despite mortality due to communicable diseases, poverty, and human conflicts, dementia incidence is destined to increase in the developing world in tandem with the ageing population. Current data from developing countries suggest that age-adjusted dementia prevalence estimates in 65 year olds are high (≥5%) in certain Asian and Latin American countries, but consistently low (1–3%) in India and sub-Saharan Africa; Alzheimer's disease accounts for 60% whereas vascular dementia accounts for ∼30% of the prevalence. Early-onset familial forms of dementia with single-gene defects occur in Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Illiteracy remains a risk factor for dementia. The APOE ε4 allele …

Perinatal Outcomes In Pregnancy With Asthma, Rashid Zaheer Syed, Ali Bin Sarwar Zubairi, Muhammad Ahsan Zafar, Rahat Qureshi

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Objective: To examine the relationship between asthmatic pregnancies and selected maternal and neonatal outcomes in a representative cohort.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital during the year 2004. A random selection was made of 65 asthmatic and 63 non-asthmatic singleton births. The neonatal outcomes studied were birth weight, premature birth and Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes. The maternal outcomes studied were number of hospital admissions, and number of documented UTI during the studied pregnancy and past history of abortions and stillbirths.

Resluts: The mean age of asthmatics and nonasthmatics were 28.0 …

Cephalometric Analysis Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Wade A. Williams

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if T1-weighted 3D magnetic resonance images performed at 3.0 Tesla could be used to conduct routine orthodontic cephalometric analysis.

Methods: Three cranial imaging methods were compared using sixteen non-growing subjects (10 male and 6 female) who were not claustrophobic, did not have any metallic restorations on the distal of first molars, had no medical implants and the female subjects were not pregnant. Sagittal cranial images were produced by three methods: (1) a digital lateral cephalometric (LC) radiograph (Orthophos XG Plus, Sirona^TM, Bensheim, Germany), (2) a 12-inch FOV cone beam …

Characterization Of Rhbmp-2 Induced Heterotopic Bone Subjected To Distraction Osteogenesis, Anne J. Yoon

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to characterize and analyze the heterotopic bone regenerate which formed following implantation of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and to determine by epi-illumination, x-ray photometry and histology, if there is increased and sustained osteogenic potential present with distraction osteogenesis of this heterotopic bone. While many previous studies have documented the osteogenic potential of BMP-2, no study to date has shown the results of application of force on this ectopic bone. Our study included three control rats (non-expansion) and six experimental rats (expansion). Of the control rats, #76 (a pilot study rat) had already …

Healing The Effects Of Medical Errors: A Vision Of Justice As Wholeness, Christiane Catharine Schubert

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Medical errors cannot be avoided completely even when employing the greatest care and applying the most sophisticated medical technologies. They occur when organizational, human, technical, or environmental factors lead to unintentional failures which result in recognizable physical, mental, spiritual, or social harm to patients. Until recently, the medical profession has responded with silence while patients remained uncompensated or resorted to the legal system. Professional distancing undermines transparency and patient safety while medical malpractice litigation ruptures the fragile relationships between patients and healthcare providers in whom patients trust. Philosophically, these responses draw on the framework of deontological liberalism, promoting notions of …

Family Variables As Predictors Of Adolescent Substance Abuse Treatment Outcome, Gina R. Sillo

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The current study sought to investigate the importance of family variables as they potentially predict treatment outcome for adolescents at two intensive outpatient drug treatment programs. A growing body of research has demonstrated that family dynamics serve to influence drug using behaviors and substance abuse treatment. More specifically, empirical support has suggested that the quality of family relationships is an important factor serving to influence affective treatment. The current investigation considered two primary domains of family influence: family cohesion and family conflict. Results revealed that the study variables comprising these domains were not found to be associated with adolescent treatment …

Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Ppar-Gamma In Surgical Brain Injury (Sbi), Amy Hyong

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Introduction: Brain injury can be caused by neurosurgical procedures themselves, due to direct trauma, retractor stretch, intraoperative hemorrhage and electrocautery damage. As a result of this surgical brain injury (SBI) postoperative complications such as inflammation, brain edema, and cell death can occur in the susceptible brain areas. Cerebral inflammation is a known contributor to the pathophysiology of brain injury. Following brain injury, the release of inflammatory mediators facilitates the development of BBB breakdown, cerebral edema, oxidative stress and neuronal death, resulting in further tissue damage in the brain and poor neurological outcomes. This study evaluates whether the use of a …

Orthodontic Mini-Implant Failure: Assessing The Relationship To Bone Quality Using Qcbct, Joshua Schneider

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cortical bone thickness (mm), cortical bone density (HU), and trabecular bone density (HU) of mini-implants sites in both the maxilla and mandible using QCBCT to determine if they had any effect on mini-implant failure rate. Patient characteristics (age, gender, facial type), mini-implant characteristics (date of placement, manufacturer, length, and diameter), and the mini-implant site (region) were also evaluated. One hundred and six mini-implants in 50 consecutive patients with complete patient records, CBCT information, and T1 radiographs were included in the study. Thirty-four of the 106 mini-implants were considered "failures" resulting in …

Predictive Measures Of Cognitive Outcome In Adults Sustaining Brain Injury, Herminia De La Rosa-Trujillo

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

To date, there is no consistent and accurate outcome prediction method for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Commonly used clinical measures such as the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and traditional radiological methods of x-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans do not always accurately predict patient functional outcome. These radiological methods are adequate in determining gross structural anatomical disturbances, however, they are unable to detect more diffuse cellular damage believed to be responsible for the functional impairments evidenced in patients sustaining TBI. Magnetic resonance imaging allows for various non-invasive sequencing techniques that have demonstrated to be a potentially valuable method …

An In-Vitro Investigation Of The Physical Properties Of Alginate Alternatives, Rishi Dinesh Patel

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the detail reproduction, gypsum compatibility and linear dimensional change of three recently introduced irreversible hydrocolloid (alginate) alternatives. The materials that were tested are Position Penta Quick® (3M ESPE™), Silgimix® (Sultan Dental) and Alginot® (Kerr™). These materials were tested in accordance with ANSI/ADA Specification No. 18 for Alginate Impression Materials and No. 19 for Dental Elastomeric Impression materials. The irreversible hydrocolloid impression material Jeltrate Plus antimicrobial® (Dentsply Caulk™) served as the control.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ADA specification die was used to undertake the testing of the new materials. The parameters of detail …

The Comparative Radiopacity Between Primary And Permanent Teeth, Robert C. Lee

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Purpose: This in vitro study compared the radiopacity between human primary and permanent enamel and dentin. It also compared the radiopacity between human anterior and posterior teeth.

Methods: Extracted primary and permanent teeth were used in this study. One mm enamel and one mm dentin slices were cut from each extracted tooth. Radiographs were taken of each enamel and dentin specimen 1 mm in thickness along with an aluminum step-wedge using procedures specified in International Standards Organization (ISO) 4049:2000. A densitometer was used to measure the Optical Density (OD) of the radiographs of the specimen and the accompanying aluminum step-wedge. …

The Effectiveness Of Treatment In An Inpatient And Outpatient Psychiatric Facility, Timothy Quan Tran

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The present study is aimed at examining treatment outcome in a large psychiatric facility that provides both inpatient and outpatient services to a broad range of patients. Not only will patient outcomes be assessed at a facility-wide level, but patient outcomes on the various units/programs in the facility will also be assessed and compared. It is expected that, facility wide, patients will show significant improvement on the outcome measure from admission to discharge, but that patient outcomes will differ across the various units/programs in the facility. In sum, the results of the paired-sample t-test and effect size obtained in this …

Effect Of 3-Electrode Electrical Stimulation On Current Delivery And Healing In Chronic Wounds, Hyejin Suh

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Chronic wounds have been an enormous burden on the healthcare system due to their prevalence and the lack of efficacy of current treatment modalities. Over the years, electrical stimulation (ES) has been widely used in the treatment of wounds. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of this treatment is under scrutiny, since many studies have failed to report successive and/or consistent effects of ES on wound healing. This inconsistency may be due to the uneven current produced by the conventional 2-electrode delivery system (2-channel ES) and the reduced resting blood flow resulting from thermally cool treatment rooms. In this study, a new approach …

A Theory Of Positive Mental Health, Jason D. Rowden

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

For many decades psychological research has erred on the side of looking toward pathology and has neglected to define what positive mental health functioning is on an individual level (Dahlsgaard, Peterson, & Seligman, 2005, p. 203). Without a sound theory of positive mental health, the field of psychology is left guessing as to its meaning. The importance of having a clear definition of mental health cannot be underscored enough. Without a clear understanding of mental health, the field of psychology is forced to function with varying opinions, defined by each clinician. The goal of the current thesis is to contribute …

Study Of Executive Functioning Training In Adolescents Diagnosed With Autism, Jessica Postil

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study investigated the effectiveness of a manualized executive functioning training program used with adolescents diagnosed with autism. Three male adolescents were trained on executive function activities using a combination of Applied Behavioral Analysis and executive functioning activities. Training programs were administered individually, lasting for 2 hours per day for 20 days. Participants were tested 1 month before training, 1 week before treatment, immediately after training and at a one-month follow-up. Significant improvements were seen in performance on executive functioning tasks that required motor speed, verbal fluency, monitoring, predicting, planning and organization skills. Significant changes in the participant’s adaptive behavior …

The Surveillance Of Staffs' Dental Health At Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, S. Chunpongthong, C. Yeekian

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Production Of E-Learning Packages In Medicine For Instruction Via Web-Based, R. Viroj

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Worker Compensation Systems And Their Correlations With National Hand Surgery Organizations Around The World, Sj. Mccabe, P. Kitidumrongsook, As Lajoie

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Garlic Extract On Anaerobic And Aerobic Performance Of Rugby Football Players, N. Thanaponganan, P. Muongmee, S. Chaiwanitsiri

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Postoperative Seizures After Treatment Of Spontaneous Supratentorial Intracerebral Hematoma At Sawanpracharak Hospital, T. Lowpruckmanee

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

The Incidence And Complications Of Teenage Pregnancy At Nongkhai Hospital, S. Densiriaksorn

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Anxiety In Caregivers Of Patients With Schizophrenia During Admission At The Somdet Chaopraya Institute Of Psychiatry, O. Chiangkhaek, C. Nimnuan

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Genetic Variation In Genes For The Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes Cyp1a1, Ephx1, Gstm1, Gstt1, And Gstp1 And Susceptibility To Colorectal Cancer In Lynch Syndrome, Mala Pande, Christopher I Amos, Daniel R Osterwisch, Jinyun Chen, Patrick M Lynch, Russell Broaddus, Marsha L Frazier

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Individuals with Lynch syndrome are predisposed to cancer due to an inherited DNA mismatch repair gene mutation. However, there is significant variability observed in disease expression likely due to the influence of other environmental, lifestyle, or genetic factors. Polymorphisms in genes encoding xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes may modify cancer risk by influencing the metabolism and clearance of potential carcinogens from the body. In this retrospective analysis, we examined key candidate gene polymorphisms in CYP1A1, EPHX1, GSTT1, GSTM1, and GSTP1 as modifiers of age at onset of colorectal cancer among 257 individuals with Lynch syndrome. We found that subjects heterozygous for CYP1A1 I462V …

Decreased Expression Of Caveolin 1 In Patients With Systemic Sclerosis: Crucial Role In The Pathogenesis Of Tissue Fibrosis., Francesco Del Galdo, Federica Sotgia, Cecilia J. De Almeida, Jean-Francois Jasmin, Megan Musick, Michael P. Lisanti, Sergio A. Jimenez

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: Recent studies have implicated caveolin 1 in the regulation of transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) downstream signaling. Given the crucial role of TGFbeta in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc), we sought to determine whether caveolin 1 is also involved in the pathogenesis of tissue fibrosis in SSc. We analyzed the expression of CAV1 in affected SSc tissues, studied the effects of lack of expression of CAV1 in vitro and in vivo, and analyzed the effects of restoration of caveolin 1 function on the fibrotic phenotype of SSc fibroblasts in vitro.

METHODS: CAV1 expression in tissues was analyzed by …