Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Implications For The Hsf2/Prc1 Interaction And Regulation Of Condensin By Phosphorylation During Mitosis, Lynea Alene Murphy

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

At the beginning of mitosis, chromosomes are condensed and segregated to facilitate correct alignment later in cytokinesis. Condensin is the pentameric enzyme responsible for this DNA compaction and is composed of two structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) subunits and three non-SMC subunits. Condensin mutations generate chromosomal abnormalities due to improper segregation, leading to genome instability and eventual malignant transformation of the cell. Cdc2 phosphorylation of the non-SMC subunits, CAP-G, CAP-D2, and CAP-H, has been demonstrated to be important for condensin supercoiling activity and function. While these subunits are thought to be phosphorylated by Cdc2, the exact sites have not yet …

Thermal Sensitivity Of Vagal Pulmonary Sensory Neurons: Role Of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Channels, Dan Ni

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Hyperthermia can occur in lungs and airways during both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. A previous study carried out in our laboratory showed that hyperthermia activates and sensitizes vagal bronchopulmonary Cfiber afferents, whether this effect is through a direct action of hyperthermia on sensory nerves is not known. This dissertation study was aimed to investigate the thermal-sensitivity of pulmonary sensory neurons, and the roles of thermalsensitive transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of neurons isolated from nodose/jugular ganglia were applied in the study. Results of this study showed that hyperthermia directly activates pulmonary sensory neurons, and this effect …

Nitration And Inactivation Of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Plays A Critical Role In Metabolic Switch, Muthuswamy Anantharaman

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial, progressive, age-related neurodegenerative disease. Oxidative stress hypothesis is most prevalent and is gaining significant support. Inspite of the progress achieved on oxidative stress related damages in AD brain; the modification occurring on the various cellular antioxidant enzymes antioxidant has not been identified. Tyrosine nitration, a marker for peroxynitrite induced oxidative damage to protein is widespread in AD brain and Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), primary mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme is prone to peroxynitrite induced nitration and inactivation. Nitration of proteins involved in energy metabolism has been demonstrated in AD brain, which may explain the altered glucose …

Reciprocal Regulation Of Par-4 And Caspase-8 In The Trail Signaling Pathway, Padhma Ranganathan

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Par‐4 is a pro‐apoptotic tumor suppressor that is mutated, suppressed or inactivated in cancer. Par‐4 exploits components of the extrinsic pathway to cause apoptosis selectively of cancer cells. This study identified Par‐4 as an essential component of the apoptotic pathway induced by TRAIL, which selectively targets cancer cells. RNA interference‐mediated knockdown of Par‐4 rendered cancer cells unresponsive to TRAIL‐induced apoptosis. Cells with knocked‐down levels of Par‐4 were deficient in the activation of the apoptosis‐initiator caspase‐8 and the apoptosis‐effector caspase‐3 in response to TRAIL. Par‐4 was identified as a critical mediator of membrane translocation of caspase‐8 and the adapter protein FADD. …

Effect Of Chronic Airway Inflammation Induced By Allergen Sensitization On Vagal Bronchopulmonary Sensory Nerves In Rats, Guangfan Zhang

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Airway hyperresponsivness (AHR) is one of most prominent pathophysiological features of asthma. Increasing evidence suggests that vagal bronchopulmonary afferents may be involved in the development of AHR. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the effect of chronic airway inflammation induced by allergen sensitization on vagal bronchopulmonary afferents. The study was carried out in an animal model of allergic asthma. Brown-Norway rats were sensitized by intraperitoneal Ovalbumin (Ova) and exposed to aerosolized Ova 3 times/week for three weeks. Control rats received the vehicle. In vivo single-fiber recording technique was applied in …

Effects Of Fescue Herbicides Plateau® And Cimarron® On Pregnancy Maintenance In Broodmares And On Alkaloid Concentrations In Endophyte Infected Tall Fescue, Kathleen Scarlett Black

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Ingestion of endophyte infected (E+) fescue by pregnant mares can cause significant reproductive problems. Plateau® and Cimarron® herbicides suppress fescue while leaving desired forages unharmed. To determine if these herbicides are harmful to pregnant mares, they were allowed to graze pastures treated with Plateau®, Cimarron®, or vehicle carrier. Pregnancies were monitored via ultrasonography, blood chemistry, and hematology. Of the components measured only creatinine differed among treatments over time (P=0.0003) and that increase was only significant in one of four studies.

Two additional experiments were conducted to determine the effect of the herbicides on alkaloids within E+ fescue. A greenhouse experiment …

Reduced Acute Inflammatory Responses To Microgel Conformal Coatings, Amanda W. Bridges, Neetu Singh, Kellie L. Burns, Julia E. Babensee, L. Andrew Lyon, Andrés J. García

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Implantation of synthetic materials into the body elicits inflammatory host responses that limit medical device integration and biological performance. This inflammatory cascade involves protein adsorption, leukocyte recruitment and activation, cytokine release, and fibrous encapsulation of the implant. We present a coating strategy based on thin films of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel microparticles (i.e. microgels) cross-linked with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate. These particles were grafted onto a clinically relevant polymeric material to generate conformal coatings that significantly reduced in vitro fibrinogen adsorption and primary human monocyte/macrophage adhesion and spreading. These microgel coatings also reduced leukocyte adhesion and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, …

Continuous Source Of Care Among Young Underserved Children: Associated Characteristics And Use Of Recommended Parenting Practices., Esther K Chung, Leny Mathew, Kelly F Mccollum, Irma T Elo, Jennifer F Culhane

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to 1) assess sociodemographic and health characteristics associated with having a continuous source of care (CSOC) among young children and 2) determine the relationship between having a CSOC and use of parenting practices.

METHODS: We conducted a prospective, community-based survey of women receiving prenatal care at Philadelphia community health centers. We conducted surveys at the first prenatal visit and at a mean age +/- standard deviation of 3 +/-1, 11 +/- 1, and 24 +/- 2 months postpartum, obtaining information on sociodemographic and health characteristics, child's health care provider, and 6 parenting practices. …

Is Enough Really Enough? : Evaluation Of An Alcohol Awareness Campaign At Ecu Joondalup, Marissa Macdonald

Theses : Honours

Australian young adults aged 17-25 years old attending university are more likely to drink at levels which put themselves at risk of both short and long term alcohol-related harm. University settings are an appropriate place to target university students with alcohol education or awareness-raising campaigns. Australian research on this topic is relatively limited. This mixed methods study involved two phases. The first phase quantitatively evaluated the impact of the 'Enough is Enough' campaign, implemented by the North Metropolitan Community Drug Service Team at ECU Joondalup, on students' awareness of the consequences of excessive alcohol use and perceived acceptability of drunkenness. …

Exploring The Pap Smear Experiences Of Women Aged 18 To 25 : Moving From Intention To Action, Gemma Malatesta

Theses : Honours

The aim of this research was to explore the Pap smear experiences of young women aged 18 to 25. The effectiveness of Pap smear screening and the barriers to obtaining one have been well researched. However, there is limited information in the literature on young women's experiences of Pap smear screening and the context in which they move from intending to be screened to actually undertaking the screening. This qualitative study, underpinned by a constructivist paradigm informed by a feminist epistemology, consisted of eight semi structured interviews with young women who had participated in Pap smear screening. Data analysis using …

The Leadership Characteristics Registered Nurses Perceive As Important In Their Clinical Nurses, Linda May Aitken

Theses : Honours

Limited research exists about the leadership attributes registered nurses (RNs) want from their clinical nurses (CNs). This study explored the leadership attributes Western Australian RNs considered important in CNs and determine if there were differences in the choice of preferred CN attributes according to RNs years of experience; types of nursing education; level of seniority and nursing specialty. A modified version of the Emerging Workforce's Preference Survey was distributed to 403 RNs with a 30% response rate. The respondents ranked their top three preferences from 4 clusters of traits. S.P.S.S. 15.0 was used to summarise demographic data and then analyse …

Knowledge And Perceptions About Hepatitis C Among Police Undertaking Training At The Western Australia Police Academy, Cerissa Papanastasiou

Theses : Honours

Hepatitis C (HCV) is a significant health issue in Australia with approximately 90% of new cases attributed to injecting drug use (IDU). With no vaccination for this infection it is important that preventive methods are utilised to reduce the likelihood of it being transmitted from the IDU community into the wider community. Research has suggested that people's beliefs, which are influenced by the knowledge they have, play an important role in influencing the action people take in protecting and promoting their health. While there are numerous studies which have measured the HCV-related knowledge and perceptions of other professions in the …

Evaluation Of A Community Radio Station In Tulikup, Bali: Indonesia, Dane Anthony Waters

Theses : Honours

Community-oriented radio can be a valuable tool to mobilise communities and contribute to making positive social changes throughout the world (Dagron, 2001). Heartline Bali FM is a community-oriented radio station, which since development, has sought to positively impact the people within the community it serves. Located in the rural Balinese village of Tulikup, Indonesia, the station has responded practically to the health and social needs of the community through radio and other social development strategies since its establishment in 2003. In 2004, a base-line needs assessment was conducted within the village to help inform the radio station of the health …

Sehat-1: Pehli Class: Asatza Aur Sehat Ke Karkuno Ke Liye Aik Gaed, Tashmin Kassam-Khamis, Farah Shivji, Sadia Muzaffar Bhutta

Books

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Anterior Versus Posterior Glide Joint Mobilization On External Rotation Range Of Motion In Patients With Shoulder Adhesive Capsulitis, Jason Brumitt

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

No abstract provided.

Obesity, Hypertension, And Mental Health Evaluation In Adolescents: A Comprehensive Approach, Stefan G. Kiessling, Kimberly K. Mcclanahan, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The global epidemic of childhood and adolescent obesity in developing and developed countries has become a major public health concern. Given the relation between obesity and hypertension as documented in several landmark studies, it is no surprise that as the prevalence of obesity has increased in the pediatric population, the rates of hypertension have also increased substantially. Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and stroke; therefore, evaluation and initiation of appropriate treatment are extremely important in the pediatric population. Evaluation for secondary causes of hypertension, including renovascular, renoparenchymal, and endocrine disease is the approach …

Hirsutism, Shibani Kanungo, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Obesity: A Lesson From The Venus Of Willendorf, Donald E. Greydanus, Dilip R. Patel, Hatim A. Omar, Joav Merrick

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Treatment Of Industrial Wastewater Containing Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients With A Membrane Bioreactor, With The Aim Of Reducing Resource Consumption, Pádraig Colm Ó'Maolcatha

Theses

The biodegradation of a selected active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) during wastewater treatment in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) was examined experimentally. A comparison study was conducted by operating a conventional activated sludge (CAS) pilot plant in parallel to the MBR. The MBR was operated under varying conditions of pH (pH6 and pH8), MLSS (6g/L and l0g/L) and SRT (20 days and 30 days) according to a full factorial design of experiments. In the CAS, pH and SRT were altered as above but MLSS was maintained at 3-4g/L. Comparable average API removal results of 95.5% and 95.7% were obtained for the MBR …

Art Therapy Student Placement : Challenge And Opportunity?, Niamh Kennedy

Theses

The purpose of this research project is to explore the sector of Student Placement as it forms a significant part of the training programme on the MA in Art Therapy in Cork. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of this part of the educational process for trainees and investigate the impact the Clinical Placement experience has on Student Art Therapists.

By reflecting on the advancement of Art Therapy in our neighbouring isle and exploring the growth of Art Therapy as a profession in the Republic of Ireland, this study aims to chronicle a more recent Irish history of Art …

Two Tribes Go To War: An Examination Of Social Interactions At Irish Football Games, Niamh Kirwan

Masters

research is to explore social life and interaction in sporting space. Despite the growing interest in the field of sport consumption, the experiences of supporters have not been adequately theorised. Studies acknowledging the sport supporter tend to focus supporters as lone individuals or as rigid groups of homogenous individuals that fit into a typology. In this study, I examine the distinct ways in which supporters in small groups interact in the sporting space through mutual relationships and interdependent social networks. Maffesoli (1996) is the original proponent in the study of tribal consumption groups. Maffesoli’s (1996) work has not been used …

Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcus Group A Endocarditis: A Rare Clinical Presentation, Aysha Almas, M. Tariq

Section of Internal Medicine

A case report of an elderly gentleman is reported herein, who presented with one week history of fever, drowsiness and left lower limb weakness. Examination revealed left lower limb weakness with power of grade 3/5. His workup showed evidence of infection and multiple cerebral infarcts on the right side. Blood culture grew Streptococcus pyogens. Echocardiogram showed two vegetations on the aortic valve. Fever was the main presenting feature in this case but it was the presentation of patient with multiple cerebral infarcts that lead to the diagnosis of infective endocarditis. The organism causing Infective Endocarditis (IE) in this patient was …

Effect Of Different Border Molding Materials On Complete Denture Retention, Fardos N. Rizk

Dentistry

No abstract provided.

Longitudinal Association Of Sleep-Disordered Breathing And Nondipping Of Nocturnal Blood Pressure In The Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study, Khin Mae Hla, Terry Young, Laurel Finn, Paul E. Peppard, Mariana Szklo-Coxe, Maryan Stubbs

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Study objectives: The association of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and blunting of normal nocturnal lowering of blood pressure (BP) (nondipping) has only been examined cross-sectionally. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether SDB is prospectively associated with nondipping.

Methods: The longitudinal association between SDB and incident nondipping was examined in a subsample of 328 adults enrolled in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study who completed 2 or more 24-hour ambulatory BP studies over an average of 7.2 years of follow-up. SDB identified by baseline in-laboratory polysomnography was defined by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) categories. Systolic and diastolic nondipping was defined by …

Continence Care: The Need For Creativity And Innovation, Karen A. Karlowicz

Ellmer School of Nursing Faculty Publications

(First paragraph) In April 2007, I attended a conference quite different from anything I had previously experienced. The conference, Innovating for Continence: The Engineering Challenge, was hosted by the Simon Foundation for Continence. As the title implies, this was not your usual conference about the diagnosis, treatment, and management of urinary incontinence. Rather, it was a conference dedicated to exploring technological advances in continence care. The central question throughout this two-and-a-half day event was, "What can be done to simulate continence technology to ensure the most effective management for persons who suffer with this problem?"

The Investigation Of Treatment Outcomes For Adults With Chronic Brain Injury Following Intensive Multidisciplinary Treatment, Donna Mineo Fitzgerald-Dejean

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Although communication sciences and disorders (COMD) research supports intensive treatment for individuals with chronic brain injury, funding to provide these services is limited. This study explored the use of interdepartmental university resources to provide an intensive, multidisciplinary chronic brain injury program. Methodologically, treatment regimes were designed with clinical faculty as practicum experiences for COMD master’s degree students. Subjects with a single onset head injury or cerebral vascular accident greater than one year were recruited to participate in the Intensive Treatment, Weekly Treatment or Control Groups. Pre, Post, and Post-Post Testing were used to measure cognitive-linguistic, quality of life and physical …

Sexual Revictimization, Janyce Vick

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Based on interviews with six women, this study describes each participant’s personal experience of childhood sexual victimization, and revictimization while serving in the military. These traumatic experiences in childhood may have increased their risk of developing Post Traumatic Stress Disorder when exposed to sexual trauma in adulthood. Using a grounded theory approach, the interviewer identified common themes among the stories: early sexual abuse, and subsequent revictimization, poor family support, and poor choice of intimate partners as adults. Moreover, they experienced lessened ability to protect self and low self-esteem and denial. The subjects described a personal culture that included abuse as …

New Words To Promote Communication And Collaboration Among The Oral Health Care Team, Trisha Nunn, Michele L. Darby, Susan H. Kass, Connie L. Kracher, Linda S. Stewart, Don R. Symington, Cheryl Westphal

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Advancing Epidemiological Science Through Computational Modeling: A Review With Novel Examples, Scott M. Duke-Sylvester, Eli N. Perencevich, Jon P. Furuno, Leslie A. Real, Holly Gaff

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Computational models have been successfully applied to a wide variety of research areas including infectious disease epidemiology. Especially for questions that are difficult to examine in other ways, computational models have been used to extend the range of epidemiological issues that can be addressed, advance theoretical understanding of disease processes and help identify specific intervention strategies. We explore each of these contributions to epidemiology research through discussion and examples. We also describe in detail models for raccoon rabies and methicillin-resis-tant Staphylococcus aureus, drawn from our own research, to further illustrate the role of computation in epidemiological modeling.

Developmental Dysplasia Of Hip--Where Do We Stand?, Masood Umer, Haq Nawaz

Department of Surgery Docs

No abstract provided.