Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Manual Of Expected Milestones In Childhood And Occupation-Based Interventions, Laura J. Rabenberg, Chere L. Vosberg

Occupational Therapy Capstones

The purpose of this scholarly project was to develop a manual for parents of children ages birth to five years. The manual includes significant milestones and provides age-appropriate activities which can be used to facilitate development.

A literature review was conducted to identify how play is used to achieve developmental milestones. Resources included journal articles and textbooks from the disciplines of occupational therapy, psychology, education, and medicine.

A manual for parents was created and consists of a discussion on the importance of play in development, expected milestones, occupation-based interventions, and resources regarding child development. This manual is intended for distribution …

Kenya: Integrating Services For Fp And Hiv Improves Quality And Hiv Testing, Population Council

Reproductive Health

The Kenyan government’s reproductive health policy highlights service integration and quality of care. While integrating counseling and testing (C&T) for HIV into family planning (FP) can potentially increase the range of services to clients at risk from sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV, few studies have documented the feasibility, effects, or costs of such integration. From 2005–07, the Population Council worked with the Kenyan Ministry of Health to test the feasibility of two models for integrating C&T into existing FP services. Both models featured client education on HIV prevention during FP visits. Providers were trained to routinely use the Balanced …

Profile Of Abortion Seekers In Ghana And Their Decision-Making Processes, Philomena Nyarko, Cletus Adohinzin, Saumya Ramarao, Placide Tapsoba, Ayorinde Ajayi

Reproductive Health

In 2006, a consortium of agencies, including the Population Council, came together to provide technical and financial support to the Government of Ghana in the rollout of comprehensive abortion care (CAC) services. The consortium collaborated with the government in expanding women’s access to modern family planning and CAC. The consortium’s program, Reducing Maternal Mortality and Morbidity (R3M), aims to reduce unwanted pregnancy and severe complications and deaths caused by unsafe abortion. The formative research in this report was undertaken to provide a profile of beneficiaries, their needs for information and services, their decision-making process in seeking care, and the quality …

Delinking Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting From Islam, Ibrahim Lethome Asmani, Maryam Sheikh Abdi

Reproductive Health

Female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) is practiced in at least 28 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, a few countries in the Middle East and Asia, and among immigrant populations from these countries in Europe, North America, and Australia. Worldwide, an estimated 100 to 140 million girls and women have undergone the practice, and at least three million girls are at risk each year. The Somali ethnic community in Kenya as well in Somalia, Djibouti, and Ethiopia, has practiced female genital cutting for centuries and the practice appears to have remained largely unchanged. The Population Council’s FRONTIERS program carried out two …

Improving Reproductive Health And Hiv Prevention Among Married Adolescents In Amhara, Ethiopia, Annabel Erulkar, Tekle-Ab Mekbib

Reproductive Health

The objective of this project is to improve reproductive health (RH), prevent new HIV infections, and promote mutual faithfulness through addressing the HIV and reproductive risk among married adolescents, who are a large, vulnerable, and neglected category of Ethiopian youth. The Population Council partnered with Ethiopia Ministry of Education, the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, and the Ethiopian Muslim Development Agency to implement the project in Amhara region. The program used religious structures to spread messages about early marriage, HIV, and reproductive health. Local women leaders were trained as mentors of married adolescent girls, convening clubs through which HIV/RH information was conveyed, …

Introduction Of Quality Of Care And A Gender Perspective In Reproductive Health Service Organizations In Latin America And The Caribbean, Patricia Riveros, Antonieta Martin, Ricardo Vernon

Reproductive Health

In 2005 and with the technical assistance of the Frontiers in Reproductive Health (FRONTIERS) Program, the Integrated Health Coordination Program (PROCOSI), a Bolivian network of 33 nongovernmental organizations, designed and tested a set of four guidelines to help organizations deliver high-quality reproductive health services with a gender perspective. The guidelines were: 1) to present a strategy to certify organizations as “gender sensitive” healthcare providers; 2) to present the knowledge staff members should know to be certified; 3) to describe procedures to collect and analyze the data to evaluate implementation of the strategy; and 4) to describe how to assess strategy …

Tumor Epithelial Cell Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (Mmp-9) Is A Prognostic Marker In Colorectal Cancer, Ds Zuzga, Av Gibbons, P Li, Wj Lubbe, I Chervoneva, Giovanni Mario Pitari

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

Presented at American Association Cancer Research in 2008

Zuzga D.S., Gibbons A.V., Li P., Lubbe W.J., Chervoneva I., Pitari G.M. “Tumor epithelial cell MMP-9 is a prognostic marker in colorectal cancer”. In: American Association for Cancer Research Special Conference, Molecular Diagnostics in Cancer Therapeutic Development: Proceedings; 2008 Sept 22-25; Philadelphia, PA. Abstract A40.

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality indeveloped nations. Mortality from colon cancer largely reflects metastasis, thespread of the disease to distant sites. Early diagnosis of pre-metastatic diseaseand accurate stratification of patients with metastasis is pivotal to decreasemortality rates from colon cancer by effectively …

Topical Application Of Entry Inhibitors As "Virustats" To Prevent Sexual Transmission Of Hiv Infection., Michael M Lederman, Robin Jump, Heather A Pilch-Cooper, Michael Root, Scott F Sieg

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

With the continuing march of the AIDS epidemic and little hope for an effective vaccine in the near future, work to develop a topical strategy to prevent HIV infection is increasingly important. This stated, the track record of large scale "microbicide" trials has been disappointing with nonspecific inhibitors either failing to protect women from infection or even increasing HIV acquisition. Newer strategies that target directly the elements needed for viral entry into cells have shown promise in non-human primate models of HIV transmission and as these agents have not yet been broadly introduced in regions of highest HIV prevalence, they …

Practice In Child Phonological Disorders: Tackling Some Common Clinical Problems, Tim Brackenbury, Marc Fey, Gregory Lof, Benjamin Munson, A. Lynn Williams

ETSU Faculty Works

Goal of presentation is to identify areas of child phonology that clinicans have difficulty with.

Comparison Of Two Treatment Conditions For Young Children With Speech Sound Disorders, Megan Overby, A. Lynn Williams, John Bernthal

ETSU Faculty Works

The purpose of this study was to compare treatment outcomes between stimulus presentation conditions to children with moderate to severe SSD: a traditional paper presentation versus a computer software generated presentation. The participants were four monolingual kindergarten children with moderate to severe SSD. A multiple baseline across behaviors single subject design was employed in the study. Two non-stimulable, non-cognate sounds from two different manner categories were selected as sound targets. One sound error was treated using paper stimuli presented in a traditional paper table-top presentation (TAB condition) while the other sound error was treated using stimuli presented on the computer …

Crude Birth Rates And Contraceptive Use By Racial/Ethnic Group In The U.S., 1990-2000, Victoria Stone

Center for Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies

Introduction: This report analyzes crude birth rates and contraceptive use among women in the three primary racial/ethnic groups, White, Black, and Latina, and further examines birth rates by age-specific groups in the United States between 1990 and 2000.

Methods: The data examined here was derived from the NYC Vital Statistics 2002 Report and the Census 2000 SF4 table on Sex by Age by race and Latino nationality. The birth rates were calculated by dividing live birth numbers (Vital Statistics report) by total population count by age and racial/ethnic group (Census 2000 data) and multiplying this number by 1000.

Results: In …

Trauma Exposure Influences Cue Elicited Affective Responses Among Smokers With And Without A History Of Major Depression, Dennis E. Mcchargue, Alicia K. Klanecky, Kate Walsh, David Dilillo

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The current study tested the emotional reactivity of smokers with and without histories of major depression (MDD Hx) and trauma exposure (TE). Four counterbalanced conditions nested negative (e.g., dysphoric) or neutral mood inductions with in vivo versus control smoking paraphernalia cues (Neutral+Control; Neutral+Cigarette; Neg+Control; Neg+Cigarette). Mixed model analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) tested between and within subjects differences in negative affective symptoms pre- to post-exposure across four groups (TE+MDD Hx; TE only; MDD Hx only; no history). Results produced two notable effects. First, TE only individuals endorsed the greatest increase in depressive symptoms across both negative mood induction conditions (regardless of …

Stress And Eyewitness Memory, Ani A. Aharonian, Brian H. Bornstein

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Stress exerts complex effects on eyewitness memory. On the whole, it has a negative effect, but this can be quite variable depending on the level of stress and the aspect of the witnessed event that one is trying to remember. Stress operates similarly in affecting person recognition (i.e., lineup performance) and recall of event details.

The Evolutionary Biology Of Decision Making, Jeffrey R. Stevens

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Evolutionary and psychological approaches to decision making remain largely separate endeavors. Each offers necessary techniques and perspectives which, when integrated, will aid the study of decision making in both humans and nonhuman animals. The evolutionary focus on selection pressures highlights the goals of decisions and the conditions under which different selection processes likely influence decision making. An evolutionary view also suggests that fully rational decision processes do not likely exist in nature. The psychological view proposes that cognition is hierarchically built on lower- level processes. Evolutionary approaches to decision making have not considered the cognitive building blocks necessary to implement …

The Interaction Between Kshv Rta And Cellular Rbp-Jκ And Their Subsequent Dna Binding Are Not Sufficient For Activation Of Rbp-Jκ, Anil Papugani, Tricia Coleman, Clinton J. Jones, Luwen Zhang

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) replication and transcription activator (RTA) is necessary and sufficient for the switch from KSHV latency to lytic replication. RTA activates promoters by several mechanisms. RTA can bind to sequences in viral promoters and activate transcription. In addition, RTA interacts with the cellular recombination signal sequence-binding protein-J kappa (RBP- Jκ), a transcriptional repressor, converts the repressor into an activator and activates viral promoters via RBP- Jκ. Because RBP- Jκ is required for RTA to activate lytic replication, it is important to understand how RTA cooperates with RBP- Jκ protein to activate KSHV lytic replication program. Previously, we …

Premature Expression Of The Latency-Related Rna Encoded By Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 Correlates With Higher Levels Of Beta Interferon Rna Expression In Productively Infected Cells, Sandra Perez, Florencia Meyer, Kazima Saira, Alan R. Doster, Clinton J. Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) is an important pathogen that can initiate bovine respiratory disease complex. Like other members of the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, BHV-1 establishes latency in sensory neurons. The latency-related (LR) gene expresses a family of alternatively spliced transcripts in infected sensory neurons that have the potential to encode several LR proteins. An LR mutant virus that contains three stop codons near the 5’ terminus of the first open reading frame in the LR gene does not express two LR proteins or reactivate from latency. In addition, the LR mutant virus induces higher levels of apoptosis in trigeminal …

Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm Found By Ct Scan., Hitoshi Hirose, Md, Iwao Matsunaga, Md, Michael D. Strong Iii, Md

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

A 62-year-old male with a previous coronary artery bypass grafting underwent CT scan for evaluation of left epigastric pain. Findings showed a large left ventricular pseudoaneurysm, which was subsequently confirmed by left ventriculogram. The pseudoaneurysm was successfully repaired surgically.

Influenza Virus Samples, International Law, And Global Health Diplomacy, David P. Fidler

Articles by Maurer Faculty

Indonesia’s decision to withhold samples of avian influenza virus A (H5N1) from the World Health Organization for much of 2007 caused a crisis in global health. The World Health Assembly produced a resolution to try to address the crisis at its May 2007 meeting. I examine how the parties to this controversy used international law in framing and negotiating the dispute. Specifically, I analyze Indonesia’s use of the international legal principle of sovereignty and its appeal to rules on the protection of biological and genetic resources found in the Convention on Biological Diversity. In addition, I consider how the International …

Table Of Contents

Michigan Journal of Public Health

No abstract provided.

Nurse-Midwifery Practice At Hutzel Women’S Hospital, Detroit, Michigan: A Quarter Century Of Success, Deborah S. Walker, Janine Bieda, Mary Lewis, Janice Wery

Michigan Journal of Public Health

The Hutzel Women’s Hospital/University Women’s Care (HWH/UWC) nurse-midwife practice is not only the oldest in the state of Michigan but also one of the busiest. This article details this exemplary nurse-midwifery practice, education and research in an urban, inner city academic setting. The setting, practice characteristics, history and outcomes are described.

Editorial, Greg Cline

Michigan Journal of Public Health

No abstract provided.

Primary Drug Resistance To Antituberculous Drugs In Nwfp Pakistan, Arshad Javaid, Abdul Ghafoor, Abdul Rab, Anila Basit, Zia Ullah, Shaukat Ali, Afia Zafar, Rumina Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: To assess the prevalence of Primary drug resistance to Antituberculous drugs in NWFP
Method: A cross-sectional prevalence study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of drug resistance among new TB patients, using a non-probability convenience sampling methodology. Sample size was calculated according to the population and WHO's estimated incidence of smear positive tuberculosis in the province/country. Sputum samples were obtained from 122 newly diagnosed patients of pulmonary tuberculosis from centres in Peshawar and Abbotabad in NWFP.
Results: Sensitivities were performed by proportion method which showed the following resistance values in 118 eligible patients: 15 (12.7 %) …

Hepatic Angiosarcoma With Metastasis To Small Intestine, Zubair Ahmad, Azizun Nisa, Romana Idrees, Khurram Minhas, Shahid Pervez, Khalid Mumtaz

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Hepatic angiosarcomas are rare tumours with poor prognosis, with patients usually dying within 6 months. Metastases mainly occur in lymph nodes, spleen, lungs, bones and adrenals. Metastasis to small intestine is even rarer. Similarly, primary or metastatic angiosarcomas in small intestine are extremely rare, often present with recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding and anemia, and have an extremely poor prognosis. Both primary or metastatic intestinal angiosarcomas may exhibit epithelioid morphology. It may be very difficult to differentiate between primary and secondary cases in intestine and especially when the tumour exhibits epithelioid morphology.

Pharmacokinetics Of Amikacin In Premature Neonates At Pramongkutklao Hospital, A. Aramwit, P. Tongroach, C. Boonthariksiri

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Anthelmintic Drugs For The Treatment Of Intestinal Nematode Infactions, C. Supiyaphun, P. Sitthichareonchai

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Pediatric Emergency Medicine--An Evolving Sub-Speciality In Pakistan, Emaduddin Siddiqui, Junaid Razzak

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Assessing Laws And Legal Authorities For Public Health Emergency Legal Preparedness, David Fidler, Brian Kamoie, Robert M. Pestronk, Peter Baldridge, Leah Devlin, George A. Mensah, Michael Doney

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Understanding The Relationship Between The Diligence Inventory-Higher Education Edition And The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator In The Admission Of College Students To An Orthopaedics-Based Honors Program, Michael A. Harstine

Dissertations

Problem. The Orthopaedic Scholar Institute (OSI) Team realized its need for a more objective selection and admission process that, as much as possible, quantified the characteristics desired in OSI students rather than relying solely on referral perception, intuition, and an interview, but it did not have a clear method or approach to do so. Administering standardized inventories that highlighted these desired characteristics and aided in the selection and admission process seemed to be an objective approach to obtain more quantifiable data. The problem for my study was, therefore, whether the Myers- Briggs Type Inventory (MBTI) alone could measure a student’s …

Selective Regulation Of Cardiomyocyte Signaling By Rgl2, Leah M. Allen

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

A key cardiovascular signaling molecule involved in both physiologic and pathologic regulation of cardiomyocytes is the small molecular weight G-protein, Ras. Differential effects of Ras are mediated by multiple effector molecules, including the RalGEFs which activate Ral. Studies performed in cardiomyocytes have indicated a role for Ral in cardiac hypertrophic signaling and the RalGEF family member, Rgl2, was shown to specifically interact with Ras in the heart. Therefore, I hypothesized that Rgl2 was an important Ras effector that would regulate cardiomyocyte signaling.

To elucidate the potential importance of Rgl2 in regulating cardiomyocyte signaling, a gain-of-function approach was utilized in which …

Induction Of The Heat Shock Response To Protect Against Polyglutamine Diseases And The Role Of Protein Sumoylation In Laminopathies And Alzheimer's Disease, Yu-Qian Zhang

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Heat shock proteins function as molecular chaperones which help protein folding and prevent protein aggregation. My study shows that celastrol, a pharmacological compound capable of up-regulating the levels of heat shock proteins, inhibits cell death and protein aggregation caused by expanded polyglutamine containing protein, and the protective effects of celastrol are dependent on heat shock factor 1. These results suggest the potential of celastrol as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of polyglutamine diseases.

Sumoylation is a protein modification which plays diverse roles in regulating the target proteins. My study shows that lamin A is a target of protein sumoylation, …