Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Neurological And Behavioral Abnormalities, Ventricular Dilatation, Altered Cellular Functions, Inflammation, And Neuronal Injury In Brains Of Mice Due To Common, Persistent, Parasitic Infection, Gretchen Hermes, James W. Ajioka, Krystyna A. Kelly, Ernest Mui, Fiona Roberts, Kristen Kasza, Thomas Mayr, Michael J. Kirisits, Robert Wollman, David J.P Ferguson, Craig W. Roberts, Jong-Hee Hwang, Toria Trendler, Richard P. Kennan, Yasuhiro Suzuki, Catherine Reardon, William F. Hickey, Lieping Chen, Rima Mcleod

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background:

Worldwide, approximately two billion people are chronically infected with Toxoplasma gondii with largely unknown consequences.

Methods:

To better understand long-term effects and pathogenesis of this common, persistent brain infection, mice were infected at a time in human years equivalent to early to mid adulthood and studied 5–12 months later. Appearance, behavior, neurologic function and brain MRIs were studied. Additional analyses of pathogenesis included: correlation of brain weight and neurologic findings; histopathology focusing on brain regions; full genome microarrays; immunohistochemistry characterizing inflammatory cells; determination of presence of tachyzoites and bradyzoites; electron microscopy; and study of markers of inflammation in serum. …

Ada News - 06/16/2008, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Development Of Tongan Materials For Determining Speech Recognition Thresholds, Lisa Dawn Bunker

Theses and Dissertations

Speech recognition threshold (SRT) is an important clinical measure that validates the pure-tone average (PTA), assists in diagnosis and prognosis of hearing and hearing impairment, and helps identify non-organic hearing impairment. Few published, recorded, and standardized materials exist in languages other than English, which results in audiologists testing individuals using materials developed in a non-native language. Research shows that this is problematic, as certain criterion for SRT testing are not met. Thus, performance may reflect test-language deficiency rather than hearing impairment. Currently, there are no known published materials for use in measuring the SRT in individuals whose native language is …

Animal Health Matters, David H. Zeman

Animal Health MATTERS Newsletter

Head/Director's Message [Page] 1- Partnerships Matter Diagnostic News [Page] 1- Bovine Lead Poisoning: May and June are Peak Months for Diagnosis [Page] 3- Holiday Hours [Page] 3- Water Suitability for Livestock [Page] 4- Why can’t you just run it anyway? Research News [Page] 4- Research Spotlight: Dr. Chris Chase Extension News [Page] 5- State Veterinary Loan Repayment Programs –a Regional Review [Page] 6- Pieces and Parts Student News [Page] 7- SDSU Pre-Veterinary Students Admitted to Veterinary Colleges for Fall 2008 [Page] 7- 2008 – 2009 Vet Science Scholarship Award Recipients [Page] 7- Calendar of Events

Role Played By Serum, A Biological Cue, In The Adherence Of Enterococcus Faecalis To Extracellular Matrix Proteins, Collagen, Fibrinogen, And Fibronectin, Sreedhar R Nallapareddy, Barbara E Murray

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Most previous studies have found that Enterococcus faecalis isolates do not show significant adherence to fibronectin and fibrinogen.

METHODS: The influence of various conditions on E. faecalis adherence to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins was evaluated using a radiolabeled-cell adherence assay.

RESULTS: Among the conditions studied, growth in 40% horse serum (a biological cue with potential clinical relevance) elicited adherence of all 46 E. faecalis strains tested to fibronectin and fibrinogen but not to elastin; adherence levels were independent of strain source, and adherence was eliminated by treating cells with trypsin. As previously reported, serum also elicited adherence to collagen. …

Blood Utilization In Children Managed Non-Operatively For Blunt Solid Organ Injury., Scott J. Keckler, Kuojen Tsao, Susan W. Sharp, G W. Holcomb Iii, Daniel J. Ostlie, Shawn D. St Peter

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Blood product utilization is an important issue in health care, given the frequent shortages in hospitals and the societal burden required to maintain the supply. Therefore, we retrospectively audited our blunt spleen/liver trauma experience to determine the percentage of cross-matched blood that was transfused to see whether more stringent typing criteria should be applied.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis of a recent 7-year experience with nonoperative management in patients with blunt spleen or liver injury was performed. Demographics, packed red blood cells prepared by cross-match, and transfusions were measured. Unmatched, O-type blood given in the trauma bay was excluded. Patients …

Management Of Pediatric Acute Appendicitis In The Computed Tomographic Era., Kuojen Tsao, Shawn D. St Peter, Patricia A. Valusek, Troy L. Spilde, Scott J. Keckler, Abhilash Nair, Daniel J. Ostlie, G W. Holcomb Iii

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The treatment options for complicated appendicitis in children continue to evolve. Optimal management of complicated appendicitis relies on an accurate preoperative diagnosis. We examined the accuracy of our preoperative diagnosis including computed tomography (CT) and the influence on the management of children with perforated and nonperforated appendicitis.

METHODS: Following IRB approval, a 6-year review of all patients that underwent an appendectomy for suspected appendicitis was performed. Treatments included immediate operations and initial nonoperative management (antibiotic therapy +/- percutaneous drainage of abscess). Appendicitis was confirmed by histological examination.

RESULTS: One thousand seventy-eight patients underwent appendectomy for suspected appendicitis. Preoperative CT …

Radiotherapy Optimal Design: An Academic Radiotherapy Treatment Design System, R Acosta, W Brick, A Hanna, Allen Holder, D Lara, G Mcquillen, D Nevin, P Uhlig, B Salter

Mathematical Sciences Technical Reports (MSTR)

Optimally designing radiotherapy and radiosurgery treatments to increase the likelihood of a successful recovery from cancer is an important application of operations research. Researchers have been hindered by the lack of academic software that supports head-to-head comparisons of different techniques, and this article addresses the inherent difficulties of designing and implementing an academic treatment planning system. In particular, this article details the algorithms and the software design of Radiotherapy optimAl Design (RAD).

The Effects Of Task Preference On Speech And Motor Performance Under Divided Attention Conditions, Amy Sue Leiter

Theses and Dissertations

Dual task performance and the interaction of tasks has been the subject of much research. When tasks are performed together they affect each other to varying degrees depending upon such factors as the similarity of the tasks, their difficulty, and whether one task is given preference over another. In this study, task preference was investigated under divided attention conditions in order to determine what effect preference had on task performance. Twenty young adults took part in this study and were randomly assigned into two groups. Each group was experimentally motivated to favor one of the two tasks – either speaking …

Closing The Research Gap: Enhancing Cambodian Participation In Clinical Research, Elsa C. Carlson

Theses and Graduate Projects

Obtaining proper sampling of a heterogeneous population remains a concern in research studies. Many studies have examined the low numbers of African-Americans recruited to clinical trials. Other studies have also focused on Latino-Hispanic disparity in research. However, there remains paucity in research involving Asian participation. This project aims to develop a nursing model of cultural immersion in the Cambodian community's culture that will foster deeper understanding, acceptance, and trust. In so doing, a research-friendly milieu of collaboration by the Cambodian community and the research community will be established. Madeleine Leininger's Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality is the theoretical …

Beyond Florence Nightingale: Celebrating Nursing At Augsburg Central Nursing Center, Lori J. Keith

Theses and Graduate Projects

The face of healthcare and our society are changing. People have difficulty accessing or paying for health services. One approach to meeting the needs of the under served is the utilization of nursing centers. The Augsburg College Department, in collaboration with Central Lutheran Church, maintains a no fee nurse managed center. Many nursing centers face continual difficulties in remaining viable or have closed because of funding issues. This project was developed to garner support for the Augsburg Central Nursing Center from Evangelical Lutheran Churches in America (ELCA) churches in the area. Fostering this relationship can provide necessary items and monies …

Bringing Down The Barriers Of Maggot Debridement Therapy, Kristine L. Gillard

Theses and Graduate Projects

The purpose of this paper is to describe the rationale for Maggot Debridement Therapy (MDT) and the development of a practice model. Chronic wounds are a growing problem in health care. Debridement of a wound is an essential component of wound healing as the presence of devitalized tissue can impede the healing process. Even with today's high-tech medicine there are still times we need to resort back to the basic and simple principles from nature that may help combat medical problems. The use of maggot larvae for wound debridement has made resurgence into wound management in the last 15 years. …

Bed Assignment: A Nurse's Call, Sandra L. Prince

Theses and Graduate Projects

The purpose of this Integrated Thesis Project is to develop a nursing unit based bed assignment procedural guideline. Currently general care patients admitted to the hospital are assigned to a bed through a centralized bed assignment process that does not involve nursing input. The nursing unit based bed assignment process is developed using the assumption that nurses will select the right bed for the right patient the first time with consideration given to patient's individual needs and staffing on the unit. A nursing unit based bed assignment process is anticipated to increase satisfaction for patient, family and nurse. Jean Watson's …

Becoming A Mother Across Cultures: Challenges Nurses Experience Teaching Prenatal Care To Recent Immigrant Sudanese Women, Cathy E. Miller

Theses and Graduate Projects

The purpose of this project is to provide an overview of Maternal Role Attainment (MRA) theory as discussed in nursing literature and explore how separation from culture may affect the transition to becoming a mother. Nursing issues related to teaching and supporting recent immigrant Sudanese women will also be identified. MRA is a complex developmental and transitional experience for women. In the United States, many women take on this role with the support of their culture, family, friends and community. However, over the past few years, the local public health agency has served a small number of immigrant pregnant Sudanese …

England, Pamela (Fa 276), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of paper (Click on “Additional Files” below) for Folklife Archives Project 276. Paper: "Pediatrics Clinic and Well-Child Care Clinic" written by Pamela England for a Western Kentucky University folk studies class.

Bogle, Amy Lyn (Fa 270), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of paper (Click on “Additional Files” below) for Folklife Archives Project 270. Paper: "A Conflict Between Academic and Folk Medicine" written by Amy Lynn Bogle for a Western Kentucky University folk studies class.

Synthesis Of Data To Develop Cultural Competency Training For Telehealth Nurses Providing Outbound Disease Management Programs To Hispanic Patients., Barbara L. Kreinbring

Theses and Graduate Projects

Telehealth nurses deliver disease management programs to culturally diverse populations, including Hispanic patients. Disease management programs focus on chronic conditions such as diabetes, which are increasing in prevalence. The CDC predicts that the number of Hispanic people with diabetes will rise nearly six-fold by 2050. The nurses who deliver these programs via the telephone need training focused on culturally competent care. The purpose of this project is to review and synthesize information in order to develop cultural competence training for telehealth nurses providing disease management programs to Hispanic patients.

The Lived Experience Of A Patient While Receiving Treatment On An Orthopedic Unit After A Hip Fracture: Integrating Research And Theory To Improve Patient Care, Margaret A. Kaser

Theses and Graduate Projects

A hip fracture is a devastating injury for an older person, often resulting in long-term or permanent loss of mobility and independence. Although research has been conducted on various aspects of hip fractures, little research has described the experience of a patient with a hip fracture. This phenomenological study explored the lived experience of a patient receiving treatment on an orthopedic unit after a hip fracture. A purposeful sample of two participants who were hospitalized at Saint Mary's Hospital following a hip fracture were interviewed after surgical repair of the fracture. The interviews were analyzed using Giorgi's descriptive phenomenology. The …

Shockley, Lorie Helen (Fa 255), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of paper (Click on “Additional Files” below) for Folklife Archives Project 255. Paper: "Cold and Flu Remedies" written by Lorie Shockley for a Western Kentucky University folk studies class.

Johnson, Vicki Marie (Fa 247), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of paper (Click on “Additional Files” below) for Folklife Archives Project 247. Paper: "Folk Remedies" written by Vicki Marie Johnson for a Western Kentucky University folk studies class.

Mclendon, Frederic Keith (Fa 251), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of paper (Click on “Additional Files” below) for Folklife Archives Project 251. Paper: "Folk [Medical] Beliefs" written by Frederick Keith McLendon for a Western Kentucky University folk studies class.

Bogle, Amy Lyn (Fa 271), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of paper (Click on “Additional Files” below) for Folklife Archives Project 271. Paper: "Beliefs on the Flu and How to Treat It" written by Amy Lynn Bogle for a Western Kentucky University folk studies class.

Wheet, Glenda Carol (Fa 261), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of paper (Click on “Additional Files” below) for Folklife Archives Project 261. Paper: "Folk Medical Beliefs" written by Glenda Carol Wheet for a Western Kentucky University folk studies class.

Huntington's Disease, Destroyer Of Families, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Estrogen Replacement Therapy Induces Functional Asymmetry On An Odor Memory/Discrimination Test, Richard L. Doty, Mehreen Kisat, Isabelle Tourbier

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

The secondary afferents of the olfactory system largely project to the ipsilateral cortex without synapsing in the thalamus, making unilateral olfactory testing a useful probe of ipsilateral hemispheric activity. In light of evidence that lateralized performance on some perceptual tasks may be influenced by estrogen, we assessed left:right nostril differences in two measures of olfactory function in 14 post-menopausal women receiving estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) and 48 post-menopausal women receiving no such therapy. Relative to women not taking ERT, those receiving ERT exhibited better performance in the left nostril and poorer performance in the right nostril on an odor memory/discrimination …

Giving Voice To Lived Experience Of Children Affected By Hiv/Aids In Namibia, Annie Retter

Theses and Graduate Projects

Namibia is one of the top five countries where HIV/AIDS is at epidemic proportions and thousands of Namibian children have become innocent victims of the disease. Research on children's lived experience of HIV/AIDS in Namibia is needed in nursing literature. The purpose of this project is to answer the question: What is it like to grow up in a society where AIDS is the leading cause of death and HIV infection rates are at epidemic proportions? Madeleine Leininger's Culture Care Theory will guide the research. An ethnonursing methodology that incorporates hermeneutic phenomenology will be used to answer the research question …

Lewis, Mickey (Fa 291), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of paper (Click on “Additional Files” below) for Folklife Archives Project 291. Paper: "Folk Beliefs for Colds and Flu" written by Lewis for a Western Kentucky University folk studies class.

Emergency Nurses’ Perceptions Of Size, Frequency, And Magnitude Of Obstacles And Supportive Behaviors In End-Of-Life Care, Renea L. Beckstrand, Michelle D. Smith, Sondra Heaston, A. Elaine Bond

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Emergency nurses care for dying patients daily. The process of dying in an emergency department can be complicated. Research on specific obstacles that impede the delivery of end-of-life care in emergency departments and behaviors that support it is limited.

Methods: A 70-item questionnaire was mailed to randomly selected ENA members. Subjects were asked to rate items on the size, frequency, and manitude of obstacles and supportive behaviors that relate to end-of-life care for ED patients.

Results:

The perceived obstacles with the greatest magnitude were as follows: (a) ED nurses’ work loads being too high to allow adequate time for …

Oral Retelling As A Measure Of Reading Comprehension: The Generalizability Of Ratings Of Elementary School Students Reading Expository Texts, Rachel Clinger Burton

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to refine a rating procedure used to assess intermediate elementary school students' ability to orally retell what they had read from two expository passages. Oral retellings from 28 fourth grade students were tape-recorded and rated on two different occasions by each of 4 raters. A four-facet (passage, day of test administration, rater, and rating occasion) generalizability study was conducted using a partially nested design. The six largest sources of variability identified in the G-study included (a) students, (b) the student-by-day interaction, (c) the interaction of passage with rater (nested within student and day), (d) …

Issues And Challenges Facing The Field Of Phssr, F. Douglas Scutchfield Md

Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Presentations

No abstract provided.