Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Early Results Of The Ponseti Method For The Treatment Of Clubfoot In Distal Arthrogryposis, Stephanie Boehm, Noppachart Limpaphayom, Farhang Alaee, Marc F. Sinclair, Matthew B. Dobbs

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

What's New In Spine Surgery, Keith H. Bridwell, Paul A. Anderson, Scott D. Boden, Alexander R. Vaccaro, Jeffrey C. Wang

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Psychometric Properties Of A Modified Version Of A Worksite Harassment Tool—Preliminary Findings, Hanan Al-Modallal, Lynne A. Hall, Debra Anderson

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

This study examined the psychometric properties of a modified version of a worksite harassment tool. Data were collected from 180 long-haul female drivers. Cronbach’s alpha was used to assess internal consistency. Principal components analysis was used to investigate the tool’s dimensionality, and correlation analysis was used to investigate construct validity. Cronbach’s alpha for the tool was 0.88. Principal components analysis indicated the presence of two factors. Two items were eliminated due to low factor loadings. Cronbach’s alpha for the short version (7 items) was 0.86. Higher abuse scores were associated with poorer health and greater levels of stress. The greater …

In Vivo Murine Melanoma Tumor Responses To Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field Treatment, Xinhua Chen

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

High intensity nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) were applied to melanoma tumors to observe functional and structural biological changes and to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms responsible. An animal model was set up by injecting B16F10 mouse melanoma cells into SKH-1 mice. A treatment (Tx) of 100 pulses: 300 nanosecond duration; 40 kV/cm field strength; at 0.5 Hz rate were delivered to melanoma tumors in 120 mice. The nsPEF Txcaused tumor self-destruction with sharply decreased cell volumes and shrunken nuclei. The apoptotic biochemical tests confirmed nsPEF Tx induced apoptosis in a time-dependent manner. Examination of gross vessel and micro-vessel density …

Effect Of Outside Employment On Academic Success Among Full-Time Associate Degree Nursing Students, Julian A. Moore

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Theses & Dissertations

Large portions of the United States are experiencing a shortage of nurses in the workplace. In 2001 the American Hospital Association reported that there were 126,000 vacancies for RNs nationwide. Sixty percent of all U.S. educated RNs who entered the field in 2000 received their education at the associate degree level and 79% of these associate degree recipients graduated from a community college. Improving completion rates in nursing programs is one major strategy in the effort to relieve this shortage of nurses.

The intent of this research was to study the effect of various factors on the academic achievement of …

Perinatal Arterial Ischaemic Stroke: An Update With Literature Review, S. H. Ibrahim, Zafar Abdul Mueed

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Perinatal arterial ischaemic strokes are a major cause of morbidity in the neonatal period and leads to significant neurological morbidity. It is however under recognized as an entity and usually missed till the baby is 3-4 months of age when they first present with hemiplegia. Perinatal arterial ischaemic strokes are not reported from our country and this may be due to the fact that neurodiagnostic modalities were not available until the last few years. Even now this is not available in the smaller cities of our country. In this review we will discuss the common issues related to etiology and …

Research News: 2008, No. 2, University Of Mississippi. School Of Pharmacy

Research News: Grants and Publications (2000-2014)

Grants, publications, technology transfer, special announcements

Clark County Child Death Review: 2007 Annual Report, Nevada Institute For Children’S Research And Policy

Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy Reports

The primary goal of all Child Death Review Teams is to prevent future child deaths. The child death review process enables jurisdictions to come together in a collaborative, multidisciplinary forum to openly discuss detailed circumstances in an effort to gain a better understanding of child deaths. The team provides a venue for representatives from a variety of both public and private agencies as well as community organizations to share information in a confidential and non-threatening environment. The National Center for Child Death Review (hereinafter, National Center), which is supported by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau of the U.S. Department …

Some Thoughts On Health Department Accreditation, F. Douglas Scutchfield Md

Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Presentations

No abstract provided.

Profile And Trends Of Hiv-Infected Patients Who Use Health Department Services In Hillsborough County, Florida

Florida Public Health Review

The Hillsborough County Health Department (HCHD) provides care for one-third of persons living with HIV/AIDS in Hillsborough County, Florida, who relied on public assistance for medical treatment. This study describes the demographic profile and trends for these patients. Data were obtained retrospectively from the HCHD’s electronic database for 2,298 patients who enrolled for HIV/AIDS care between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2006. The patient sample included 32.6% women, 48.7% African Americans, 19.0% Hispanics, and 30.9% Whites, with mean age 39.7 ± 9.6 years. The proportion of Hispanic enrollees increased annually (p<0.001), exceeding the Hispanic population growth rate in Hillsborough county during that same period (p=0.006). African Americans and Hispanics were more likely to have AIDS at enrollment (p<0.001). Minority women were much more likely to rely on this public-assisted HIV care compared with White female patients. Minority enrollees were also more likely to have AIDS at enrollment to the service. Nearly 98% of patients depended on government-funded health insurance. Whereas the coverage of the Ryan White increased, Medicaid and Medicare decreased for all ethnic groups (p<0.001). The rapid increase in Hispanic enrollment, the increasing dependence on the Ryan White funding, and ethnicity-gender disparities require further investigations. Monitoring demographic profiles and trends of this underserved patient cohort helps the health department assess service needs and effectively allocate existing resources to better serve this HIV-infected population.

Papanicolaou Test In An Urban Std Clinic: The Good And Bad News

Florida Public Health Review

The objective of the study was to review Pap test results and follow-ups in an urban sexually transmitted disease clinic in Miami, Florida. We reviewed the results of all Pap tests conducted in the clinic during 2005. All the samples were processed by a single commercial laboratory. We attempted to contact clients with abnormal results other than inflammation to return to the clinic. Results: of the 849 samples, 622 (73.3%) were normal, 211 (24.8%) were abnormal (inflammation 76 (9.0%), ASCUS 68 (8%), and LGSIL or higher 64 (7.5%), and 16 (1.9%) were considered unsatisfactory for cytological interpretation. We were able …

Three-Dimensional Arm Movements At Constant Equi-Affine Speed, Frank E. Pollick, Uri Maoz, Amir A. Handzel, Peter J. Giblin, Guillermo Sapiro, Tamar Flash

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

It has long been acknowledged that planar hand drawing movements conform to a relationship between movement speed and shape, such that movement speed is inversely proportional to the curvature to the power of one-third. Previous literature has detailed potential explanations for the power-law’s existence as well as systematic deviations from it. However, the case of speed-shape relations for three-dimensional (3D) drawing movements has remained largely unstudied. In this paper we first derive a generalization of the planar power law to 3D movements, which is based on the principle that this power law implies motion at constant equi-affine speed. This generalization …

Influence Of Prediction Approaches For Spatially-Dependent Air Pollution Exposure On Health Effect Estimation, Sun-Young Kim, Lianne Sheppard, Ho Kim

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Background: Air pollution studies increasingly estimate individual-level exposures from area-based measurements by using exposure prediction methods such as nearest monitor and kriging predictions. However, little is known about the properties of these methods for health effects estimation. This simulation study explores how two common prediction approaches for fine particulate matter (PM2.5) affect relative risk estimates for cardiovascular events in a single geographic area.

Methods: We estimated two sets of parameters to define correlation structures from 2002 PM2.5 data in the Los Angeles (LA) area and selected additional parameters to evaluate different correlation features. For each structure, annual average PM2.5 was …

Genome-Wide Compensatory Changes Accompany Drug Selected Mutations In The Plasmodium Falciparum Crt Gene, Hongying Jiang, Jigar J. Patel, Ming Yi, Jianbing Mu, Jinhui Ding, Robert Stephens, Roland Cooper, Michael T. Ferdig, Xin-Zhuan Su

Collected Faculty Scholarship

Mutations in PfCRT (Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistant transporter), particularly the substitution at amino acid position 76, confer chloroquine (CQ) resistance in P. falciparum. Point mutations in the homolog of the mammalian multidrug resistance gene (pfmdr1) can also modulate the levels of CQ response. Moreover, parasites with the same pfcrt and pfmdr1 alleles exhibit a wide range of drug sensitivity, suggesting that additional genes contribute to levels of CQ resistance (CQR). Reemergence of CQ sensitive parasites after cessation of CQ use indicates that changes in PfCRT are deleterious to the parasite. Some CQR parasites, however, persist in the field and grow well …

Usia Menarche Pada Siswi Sd Dan Sltp Di Kota Bandung, Dian Aryati

Kesmas

Secara global, kesehatan reproduksi mendapat perhatian yang berbeda sejak konverensi internasional Demografi (International Conference on Demography) (ICPD) di Kairo pada tahun 1994. Tahap seksual remaja diinisiasi oleh pertumbuhan lengkap pada organ reproduksi yang mengantarkan seorang wanita pada menstruasi. Selama bertahun-tahun, usia menarche telah menurun yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor biologi dan lingkungan. Penurunan usia menarche berakibat pada peningkatan kehamilan yang tidak diharapkan yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas seksual sebelum menikah. Hal tersebut dapat meningkatkan tindakan abortus dan penyakit menular seksual pada remaja dan kelainan ingestion. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui berbagai faktor yang berhubungan dengan usia menarche pada remaja. Penelitian dengan desain studi …

Perilaku Cuci Tangan Sebelum Makan Dan Kecacingan Pada Murid Sd Di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan Sumatera Barat, Zaidina Umar

Kesmas

Di Indonesia penyakit cacingan tersebar luas di pedesaan dan di perkotaan dengan prevalensi semua umur 40%-60% dan murid SD 60-80%. Survei Depkes RI di 10 propinsi di Indonesia menemukan prevalensi kecacingan di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan tahun 2003 (85, 8%) dan tahun 2005 (51,4% ) lebih tinggi dari kabupaten lain. Angka infeksi kecacingan tinggi dipengaruhi oleh kebersihan diri, sanitasi lingkungan dan kebiasaan penduduk. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku cuci tangan dengan kejadian kecacingan pada murid SD Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. Penelitian dengan desain cross sectional ini menggunakan data sekunder hasil survei kecacingan Depkes RI tahun 2005, jumlah sampel 257 orang. Diagnosis …

Perilaku Makan Menyimpang Pada Remaja Di Jakarta, Trulyana Tantiani, Ahmad Syafiq

Kesmas

Salah satu transisi gaya hidup yang terjadi adalah perubahan perilaku makan yang paling berdampak pada kaum perempuan untuk terlihat cantik dengan berdiet berlebihan yang menjurus pada Perilaku Makan Menyimpang (PMM). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui penyebab, mekanisme, dan proses terjadinya PMM dari persepsi penderita. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Penelitian kualitatif dilakukan pada 3 informan yang pernah mengalami PMM. Penelitian kuantitatif, dilakukan pada 397 responden yang belum mengalami PMM. Waktu pengambilan data adalah bulan Mei-Juni 2007 dengan menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam untuk penelitian kualitatif dan wawancara terstruktur menggunakan kuesioner dari Sarafino dari Stice untuk penelitian kuantitatif. …

Assessment Of Risk Associated With The Minnesota Proposed Plan For Split-State Status For Mycobacterium Bovis (Bovine Tuberculosis)

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

In July 2005, a Minnesota beef herd tested positive for Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) and was officially declared infected with bovine tuberculosis (TB). This was the first infected herd identified since Minnesota’s Accredited Free (AF) status was obtained in 1976. Subsequent testing identified infection in white-tailed deer and several cattle herds adjacent to this index herd. In February 2008, Minnesota declared its 11th infected cattle herd, resulting in the downgrade of the entire State’s TB status to Modified Accredited (MA).
In an effort to minimize the impact of MA status to the State and producers, Minnesota initiated the …

Performance On Natural Dissemblance Tasks In 7-11 Year-Old, Language-Impaired And Typically Developing Children, Noel Quist

Theses and Dissertations

Studies over the past several years have shown that children with language impairment (LI) have greater difficulty in social situations than typically developing children. More specifically, studies have shown that children with LI have more difficulty with dissemblance. This study was conducted to assess whether these children are less likely to dissemble in real-life situations. Forty-four children aged 7 to 11 years (22 LI and 22 typically developing) were presented with four situations designed to elicit dissemblance. Their reactions were scored and compared. The results of this study showed subtle differences between children with LI and typically developing children. Children …

Study To Prospectively Evaluate Reamed Intramedually Nails In Patients With Tibial Fractures (S.P.R.I.N.T.): Study Rationale And Design, Franklin D. Shuler Md, Phd

Orthopaedics

Background: Surgeons agree on the benefits of operative treatment of tibial fractures – the most common of long bone fractures – with an intramedullary rod or nail. Rates of re-operation remain high – between 23% and 60% in prior trials – and the two alternative nailing approaches, reamed or non-reamed, each have a compelling biological rationale and strong proponents, resulting in ongoing controversy regarding which is better.

Methods/Design: The objective of this trial was to assess the impact of reamed versus non-reamed intramedullary nailing on rates of re-operation in patients with open and closed fractures of the tibial shaft. The …

Making The Muve To Virtual Education, Kevin Jarrett, Caren Levine, Marianne Malmstrom, Fil Santiago, Susan Toth-Cohen

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

Second Life, a 3D multi-user virtual environment (MUVE), is becoming an increasingly popular topic at educational technology conferences and in the media these days. What’s all the fuss about?

Beta3 Integrin Haplotype Influences Gene Regulation And Plasma Von Willebrand Factor Activity, Katie E. Payne, Paul F. Bray, Peter J. Grant, Angela M. Carter

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

The Leu33Pro polymorphism of the gene encoding beta(3) integrin (ITGB3) is associated with acute coronary syndromes and influences platelet aggregation. Three common promoter polymorphisms have also been identified. The aims of this study were to (1) investigate the influence of the ITGB3 -400C/A, -425A/C and -468G/A promoter polymorphisms on reporter gene expression and nuclear protein binding and (2) determine genotype and haplotype associations with platelet alpha(IIb)beta(3) receptor density. Promoter haplotypes were introduced into an ITGB3 promoter-pGL3 construct by site directed mutagenesis and luciferase reporter gene expression analysed in HEL and HMEC-1 cells. Binding of nuclear proteins was assessed by electrophoretic …

Nonparametric Regression Using Local Kernel Estimating Equations For Correlated Failure Time Data, Zhangsheng Yu, Xihong Lin

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of Methods For Estimating The Causal Effect Of A Treatment In Randomized Clinical Trials Subject To Noncompliance, Rod Little, Qi Long, Xihong Lin

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

Semiparametric Maximum Likelihood Estimation In Normal Transformation Models For Bivariate Survival Data, Yi Li, Ross L. Prentice, Xihong Lin

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

Mood Symptoms As Comorbidity In Schizophrenia, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Investigating The Complexity Of Respiratory Patterns During The Laryngeal Chemoreflex, Andrei Dragomir, Yasemin Akay, Aidan K. Curran, Metin Akay

Dartmouth Scholarship

The laryngeal chemoreflex exists in infants as a primary sensory mechanism for defending the airway from the aspiration of liquids. Previous studies have hypothesized that prolonged apnea associated with this reflex may be life threatening and might be a cause of sudden infant death syndrome. In this study we quantified the output of the respiratory neural network, the diaphragm EMG signal, during the laryngeal chemoreflex and eupnea in early postnatal (3–10 days) piglets. We tested the hypothesis that diaphragm EMG activity corresponding to reflex-related events involved in clearance (restorative) mechanisms such as cough and swallow exhibit lower complexity, suggesting that …

Enterotoxin Preconditioning Restores Calcium-Sensing Receptor-Mediated Cytostasis In Colon Cancer Cells, Giovanni Mario Pitari, Jieru E. Lin, Fawad J. Shah, Wilhelm J. Lubbe, David Zuzga, Peng Li, Stephanie Schulz, Scott A Waldman

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

Guanylyl cyclase C (GCC), the receptor for diarrheagenic bacterial heat-stable enterotoxins (STs), inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation by co-opting Ca(2+) as the intracellular messenger. Similarly, extracellular Ca(2+) (Ca(2+)(o)) opposes proliferation and induces terminal differentiation in intestinal epithelial cells. In that context, human colon cancer cells develop a phenotype characterized by insensitivity to cytostasis imposed by Ca(2+)(o). Here, preconditioning with ST, mediated by GCC signaling through cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, restored Ca(2+)(o)-dependent cytostasis, reflecting posttranscriptional regulation of calcium-sensing receptors (CaRs). ST-induced GCC signaling deployed CaRs to the surface of human colon cancer cells, whereas elimination of GCC signaling in mice nearly abolished …

Critical Involvement Of The Atm-Dependent Dna Damage Response In The Apoptotic Demise Of Hiv-1-Elicited Syncytia, Jean-Luc Perfettini, Roberta Nardacci, Mehdi Bourouba, Frederic Subra, Laurent Gros, Claire Séror, Gwenola Manic, Filippo Rosselli, Alessandra Amendola, Peggy Masdehors, Luciana Chessa, Giuseppe Novelli, David M. Ojcius, Jan Konrad Siwicki, Magdalena Chechlinska, Christian Auclair, Jose R. Regueiro, Hughes De Thé, Marie-Lise Gougeon, Mauro Piacentini, Guido Kroemer

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

DNA damage can activate the oncosuppressor protein ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), which phosphorylates the histone H2AX within characteristic DNA damage foci. Here, we show that ATM undergoes an activating phosphorylation in syncytia elicited by the envelope glycoprotein complex (Env) of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) in vitro. This was accompanied by aggregation of ATM in discrete nuclear foci that also contained phospho-histone H2AX. DNA damage foci containing phosphorylated ATM and H2AX were detectable in syncytia present in the brain or lymph nodes from patients with HIV-1 infection, as well as in a fraction of blood leukocytes, correlating with viral status. Knockdown …

State Of Health In Northern Kentucky: How We Compare, Why It Matters To Business, Michael E. Samuels, Elmer T. Whitler

Center of Excellence in Rural Health Presentations

County-level data is becoming increasingly important for rural health planning. This presentation analyzes the health of several northern Kentucky counties and the potential consequences for the region’s employers.