Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Dominant Aerobic Bacterial Community Of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus Labrax L.1758) Larvae During Weaning From Artemia To Dry Feed In Culture Conditions, Ayberk Ayaz, Süheyla Karataş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the dominant aerobic bacterial community of sea bass larvae during their weaning period in 2 different marine hatcheries in Muğla-Bodrum region. Samplings were made in January, March, and May 2005. Larvae and water samples were diluted in certain ratios and were inoculated to Marine Agar, TCBS Agar, Pseudomonas Agar, King Bee Agar, MRS agar, Blood Agar and Plate Count Agar, in that order. Water temperature, pH, saturation, salinity, and features of the system used were recorded. Isolated bacterial strains were identified with standard biochemical methods and API 20E Rapid Identification Kits. In …

Effect Of A Direct-Fed Microbial (Eubios 1090) In The Presence Of Antibiotics (Carbadox Or Ctc-Denagard) On Post-Weaning Pig Growth Performance And Immune Response, Kimberley Santos, Charles Maxwell, Elizabeth Kegley, Charles Rosenkrans

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

A study was conducted to determine the effects of a probiotic (Eubios 1090), in the presence of two different antibiotics, on performance in nursery pigs. A total of 216 pigs were weaned at an average of 21 d, blocked by initial body weight (BW = 6.79 kg), and distributed into 32 pens of 6 to 7 pigs per pen in an offsite nursery facility. Pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments (8 pens per treatment) that were fed throughout post-weaning phase 1 (day (D) 0 to 10), phase 2 (D 10 to 20), and phase 3 (D …

Transcriptional Adaptations Following Exercise In Thoroughbred Horse Skeletal Muscle Highlights Molecular Mechanisms That Lead To Muscle Hypertrophy, Beatrice A. Mcgivney, Suzanne S. Eivers, David E. Machugh, James N. Macleod, Grace M. O'Gorman, Stephen D.E. Park, Lisa M. Katz, Emmeline W. Hill

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Selection for exercise-adapted phenotypes in the Thoroughbred racehorse has provided a valuable model system to understand molecular responses to exercise in skeletal muscle. Exercise stimulates immediate early molecular responses as well as delayed responses during recovery, resulting in a return to homeostasis and enabling long term adaptation. Global mRNA expression during the immediate-response period has not previously been reported in skeletal muscle following exercise in any species. Also, global gene expression changes in equine skeletal muscle following exercise have not been reported. Therefore, to identify novel genes and key regulatory pathways responsible for exercise adaptation we have used equine-specific …

Identifying Blood Biomarkers And Physiological Processes That Distinguish Humans With Superior Performance Under Psychological Stress., Amanda M. Cooksey, Nausheen Momen, Russell Stocker, Shane C. Burgess

CVM Publications

BACKGROUND: Attrition of students from aviation training is a serious financial and operational concern for the U.S. Navy. Each late stage navy aviator training failure costs the taxpayer over $1,000,000 and ultimately results in decreased operational readiness of the fleet. Currently, potential aviators are selected based on the Aviation Selection Test Battery (ASTB), which is a series of multiple-choice tests that evaluate basic and aviation-related knowledge and ability. However, the ASTB does not evaluate a person's response to stress. This is important because operating sophisticated aircraft demands exceptional performance and causes high psychological stress. Some people are more resistant to …

In Vitro Efficacy Of Human-Derived Probiotic, Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Against Pathogenic Bacteria In Fish And Frogs, Nopadon Pirarat, Komkiew Pinpimai, Katriya Chankow, Kotchakorn Malila, Nantrika Chansue, Waree Niyomtham, Channarong Rodkhum

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Probiotic supplementation is now being focused as an alternative method to control fish diseases worldwide. This study investigates the in vitro efficacy of a human-derived probiotic, Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The first results of the screening for antimicrobial activity using agar spot test and disc diffusion showed that L. rhamnosus has a broad range against twelve isolates (n=12) of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria in fish and frogs : Streptococcus iniae (n=4), Streptococcus agalactiae (n=3), Aeromonas hydrophila (n=3), Chryseobacterium indologenes (n=1) and Edwardsiella tarda (n=1). Agar spot test on killed probiotic bacteria indicated that only the metabolic product of probiotic is involved …

Efficacy Of Various Strains Of Infectious Bronchitis Vaccine Against Nephropathogenic Infectious Bronchitis Virus Isolated From Chickens In Thailand, Tawatchai Pohuang, Kanlaya Chuachan, Niwat Chansiripornchai, Jiroj Sasipreeyajan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

One hundred, 1 week old, female broiler chickens were divided into 5 groups, 20 chickens in each. Each group was vaccinated with a different strain of infectious bronchitis vaccine; Ma5, H120 and a local strain produced by the Department of Livestock Development for groups 3, 4 and 5, respectively. All the vaccinated chickens received intraocular vaccine at 1 week old. The chickens in groups 1 and 2 served as a negative control and a positive control group, respectively. All the chickens were weighed at 1, 4 and 6 weeks old and challenged at 4 weeks old with nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis …

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Pranee Tuntivanich, Suwicha Chuthatep

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Proceeding Of The 4th Asian Society Of Veterinary Pathologists (Asvp) Conference And Annual Meeting Of The Thai Association Of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (Tavld) - 2, Achariya Sailasuta

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Efficacy Of Escherichia Coli Aroa-Live Vaccine In Broilers Against Avian E. Coli Serotype O78 Infection, Visut Rawiwet, Niwat Chansiripornchai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The efficacy of an Escherichia coli (E. coli) aroA-live vaccine in the prevention of colibacillosis in chickens following intratracheal challenge with a virulent strain of E. coli O78 was investigated. Thirty-six, one day old broiler chickens were divided into 3 groups of 12 each. Chickens in each group were randomly divided into 2 replicates. The chickens in group 1 that were not vaccinated and challenged served as a negative control. The chickens in group 2 that were not vaccinated but received E. coli serotype O78 served as a positive control. The chickens in group 3 were vaccinated by the oral …

Effects Of Permethrin At A Prophylactic Dose For Ectoparasite Infection On Cholinesterase Activity In Dogs, Piyarat Chansiripornchai, Niwat Chansiripornchai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Effects of permethrin at a prophylactic dose for ectoparasite infection on cholinesterase (ChE) activity was evaluated. Eight healthy dogs were exposed to a spot-on formulation of permethrin on day 0. The results of serum ChE activity in all of the dogs which was measured at 24 h after exposure to permethrin significantly decreased when compared to those before exposure. However, the serum ChE activity in all the dogs which was measured at 36 and 96 h after exposure to permethrin showed no significant difference as compared to those before exposure. There were no clinical signs in all dogs throughout the …

The Asian Society Of Veterinary Pathologists (Asvp), Achariya Sailasuta

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Acute And Subacute Pulmonary Effects Of Diesel Exhaust Particles In Mice: Pathological Changes And Translocation Pathways To The Circulation, Theerayuth Kaewamatawong, Akinori Shimada, Takehito Morita, Wijit Banlunara, Anong Bintvihok

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

To study the acute and subacute pulmonary effects of diesel exhaust particles (DEPs), mice were intratracheally instilled with 25, 50 or 100 μg of DEPs for dose response experiments. Histological alterations were determined at 3 days post-exposure. 50 or 100 μg of DEPs produced mild to moderate pulmonary inflammation and tissue injury characterized by infiltration of neutrophils and active alveolar macrophages (AMs), focal alveolitis and particle-laden AMs accumulation. Ultrastructural studies of treated animals showed the dissociation of basement membranes and erosion of type I alveolar epithelial cells. To investigate the time response, mice were instilled with 50 μg of DEPs …

Detection Of Antibody Titer Against Toxoplasma Gondii In Aborted Sows And Gilts In A Swine Herd In Thailand, Padet Tummaruk, Woraporn Sukhumavasi, Sasiwimon Talummuk, Annop Kunavongkrit

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Kris Angkanaporn, Monkon Trisiriroj, Winai Chansaisakorn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Proceeding Of The 4th Asian Society Of Veterinary Pathologists (Asvp) Conference And Annual Meeting Of The Thai Association Of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (Tavld) -1, Achariya Sailasuta

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Animal Health Matters, David H. Zeman

Animal Health MATTERS Newsletter

Director's Message [Page] 1- Education...Discovery...Service: Dedicated people required [Page] 1- Dr. Firkins Motivates Faculty, Staff, Students [Page] 2- AVMA Survey Indicates Most Starting Salaries are up for New Veterinarians Pieces and Parts [Page] 3- Ability of PCR to detect PRRSV 3-4-2 RFLP cut pattern strain [Page] 3- Chase named Veterinarian of the Year by SDVMA [Page] 3- Subscribe to CVM Updates [Page] 4- The Bacteriology Section at SDSU ADRDL [Page] 6- Disposal of Veterinary Sharps in South Dakota [Page] 6- Incoming Freshmen with Pre-Vet Majors at SDSU [Page] 7- 2009—2010 Veterinary Science Scholarship Awards [Page] 7- SDSU Students Accepted to …

Methods And Compositions For Vaccnation Of Animals With Prrsv Antigens With Improved Immunogenicity, Israrul H. Ansari, Fernando A. Osorio, Asit K. Pattnaik,

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Pigs challenged with hypoglycosylated variants of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) major surface protein GP5 exhibited increased production of PRRSV-neutralizing antibodies relative to the levels of neutralizing antibodies produced by pigs immunized with wild type (wt) or glycosylated GP5. This invention provides for methods of obtaining improved immune responses in pigs to PRRSV, compositions useful for obtaining the improved immune responses as well as isolated polynucleotides that encode hypoglycosylated variants of PRRSV major surface protein GP5.

P03-01. The Relationship Of Envelope Evolution To Lentiviral Persistence And Vaccine Efficacy, J. K. Craigo, Charles J. Issel, R. C. Montelaro

Veterinary Science Presentations

We recently reported a direct, inverse, significant linear correlation of Env divergence from our live-attenuated vaccine strain (EIAVD9) and protection from disease. This marked effect of Env variation or viral evolution on vaccine efficacy begged the current questions: what is the relationship of Env variation and viral evolution to vaccine efficacy and does the evolution of virus in inapparent carriers differ from the evolution of attenuated vaccine viruses? Hence we further examined this relationship of Env divergence, evolution, and vaccine efficacy via investigations into Env evolution during inapparent infections, the elimination of ancestral viral species in infected ponies, and EIAVD9 …

An Eiav Field Isolate Reveals Much Higher Levels Of Subtype Variability Than Currently Reported For The Equine Lentivirus Family, Jodi K. Craigo, Shannon Barnes, Baoshan Zhang, Sheila J. Cook, Laryssa Howe, Charles J. Issel, Ronald C. Montelaro

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), a lentivirus that infects horses, has been utilized as an animal model for the study of HIV. Furthermore, the disease associated with the equine lentivirus poses a significant challenge to veterinary medicine around the world. As with all lentiviruses, EIAV has been shown to have a high propensity for genomic sequence and antigenic variation, especially in its envelope (Env) proteins. Recent studies have demonstrated Env variation to be a major determinant of vaccine efficacy, emphasizing the importance of defining natural variation among field isolates of EIAV. To date, however, published EIAV sequences have been …

Evaluation Of The Cervidtb Stat-Pak For The Detection Of Mycobacterium Bovis Infection In Wild Deer In Great Britain, S. Gowtage-Sequeira, A. Paterson, K. P. Lyashchenko, S. Lesellier, M. A. Chambers

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Deer are acknowledged as hosts of Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), and determining the prevalence of infection in deer species is one of the key steps in understanding the epidemiological role played by cervids in the transmission and maintenance of bTB in the United Kingdom. This study evaluated a rapid lateral-flow test for the detection of bTB in samples from wild deer species in the United Kingdom. Fallow deer (Dama dama), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), and red deer (Cervus elaphus) from areas in Wales, the Cotswolds, and southwestern England …

South Dakota Thriving, Fall 2009, College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

Table of Contents:
[Page] 2 Growing Farmers Markets: South Dakota Cooperative Extension Service Helps Develop and Grow Booming Homegrown markets
[Page] 4 Lighari Leads Restructuring of Extension: Director of South Dakota Cooperative Extension Service Focuses on Building Relationships
[Page} 6 South Dakota's Newest Research Station: The Addition of the SDSU Cow Camp Means Another Tremendous Resource for South Dakota and SDSU
[Page] 8 SDSU Rodeo Builds World Champs: Focus on Academics and Team Leads to Success Inside Both the Classroom and the Arena
|[Page] 12 Behind the Scenes in SDSU's Anatomy Lab: SDSU's Hands-On Anatomy Lab Gives Students the Edge …

Transcriptional Profiling Differences For Articular Cartilage And Repair Tissue In Equine Joint Surface Lesions, Michael J. Mienaltowski, Liping Huang, David D. Frisbie, C. Wayne Mcilwraith, Arnold J. Stromberg, Arne C. Bathke, James N. Macleod

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Full-thickness articular cartilage lesions that reach to the subchondral bone yet are restricted to the chondral compartment usually fill with a fibrocartilage-like repair tissue which is structurally and biomechanically compromised relative to normal articular cartilage. The objective of this study was to evaluate transcriptional differences between chondrocytes of normal articular cartilage and repair tissue cells four months post-microfracture.

METHODS: Bilateral one-cm2 full-thickness defects were made in the articular surface of both distal femurs of four adult horses followed by subchondral microfracture. Four months postoperatively, repair tissue from the lesion site and grossly normal articular cartilage from within the same …

Successful Transcervical Insemination In Giant Panda At Chiangmai Zoo, Thailand, Boripat Siriaroonrat, Ampika Thongphakdee, Wanlaya Tipkantha, Kannikar Nimtragul, Kornchai Kornkeawrat, Ratchaneewan Khejornwong, Prasertsak Buntragulpoontawee, Sumate Kamolnorranath

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Penaeid Shrimp Immune System, Gabriel Aguirre-Guzman, Jesus Genaro Sanchez-Martinez, Angel Isidro Campa-Cordova, Antonio Luna-Gonzalez, Felipe Ascencio

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Research on an innate immune system of penaeid shrimp is greatly motivated by economical requirements, because their culture is limited by the development of infectious diseases. As invertebrates, shrimp’s natural immunity acts as a fast and efficient defence mechanism against the pathogens. Their immune system involve hemocytes (for encapsulation, nodule formation and phagocytosis), several plasma components (antimicrobial peptides, histones, lysosomal enzymes, lipopolysaccharide, β-1,3-glucan binding proteins, and recognition molecules), and multimeric systems (clotting protein cascade, prophenoloxidase system). When these defense mechanisms fail to protect the shrimp against bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa and their products, disease develops and a negative impact takes …

Proliferation And Apoptosis Of The Bitch Ovary During The Different Stages Of The Oestrous Cycle, Sayamon Srisuwatanasagul, Sukanya Manee-In, Promporn Raksaseri, Kongkiat Srisuwatanasagul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In order to maintain homeostasis of the ovary, proliferation and apoptosis occur simultaneously in different ovarian cell types. It was shown that steroid hormone which changed during the oestrous cycle, may regulate these mechanisms in normal mammal ovarian tissues. Therefore, the present study was aimed to study cell proliferation and apoptosis during different stages of the oestrous cycle in the bitch ovary by using immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay. The bitch ovaries were collected at 4 different stages of the oestrous cycle, which were prooestrus, oestrus, dioestrus and anoestrus. Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay were applied to detect Ki-67 protein and apoptosis …

In Vitro Antibiotic Susceptibility Of Aeromonas Hydrophila Isolated From Disease Ornamental Fish, Malinee Jongjareanjai, Nongnut Assawawongkasem, Nantarika Chansue

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Thirty bacterial isolates were derived from ornamental fish patients (n=30) of the Veterinary Medical Aquatic Animal Research Center (VMARC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University. The isolated bacterial strains were identified by using commercial biochemical identification kit (API Kits, bioMerieux® SA France). The antibiotics susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method, using 24 types of antibiotic discs (OXOID, Oxoid Ltd, UK). The result showed that the majority of the isolated bacteria was Aeromonas hydrophila (27/30). In the A. hydrophila susceptibility study, 66.30% of bacteria were antibiotic resistant, 9.35% were intermediately sensitive and 24.35% were sensitive strains against the tested …

The Indicative Influence Of Oxidative Stress On Low Milk Yields In Dairy Cattle, Witaya Suriyasathaporn, Usanee Vinitketkumnuen, Teera Chewonarin, Vena Chupia, Tanu Pinyopummintr

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The goal of this study was to identify the correlation between milk yield and milk malondialdehyde (MDA), an oxidative stress marker. The study was conducted using cows from eight small-holder dairy farms during October to December 2004. The data comprised of sample date, milk yield, and the recent calving date were recorded. Morning milk samples were collected monthly for the measurement of somatic cell counts (SCC) and MDA level using the automate counter and the modified Smith’s method, respectively. The final data set included 131 milk data from 74 cows. Overall means and SEM of milk yields, somatic cell scores …

Effects Of Medium Chain Fatty Acids, Organic Acids And Fructo-Oligosaccharide On Cecal Salmonella Enteritidis Colonization And Intestinal Parameters Of Broilers, Sucheera Chotikatum, Indhira Kramomthong, Kris Angkanaporn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Medium chain fatty acids (MCA) are one of new additives used to control Salmonella infection and it is interesting to examine their physiological role in chickens comparing with other additives. The objective of this investigation was to study the effect of MCA, mixed organic acids (ORA) and fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) on cecal Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis colonization and physiological changes of intestine in broilers. Six hundred, day old, male and female broiler chicks were allocated into 4 treatments. The treatments were CON: basal corn-soybean meal diet, FOS: basal diet supplemented with 4 g/kg FOS, ORA: basal diet plus water supplemented with …