Botany Commons^™

Plant Ontology (Po): A Controlled Vocabulary Of Plant Structures And Growth Stages, Pankaj Jaiswal, Shulamit Avraham, Katica Ilic, Elizabeth Kellogg, Susan Mccouch, Anuradha Pujar, Leonore Reiser, Seung Rhee, Martin Sachs, Mary Schaeffer, Lincoln Stein, Peter Stevens, Leszek Vincent, Doreen Ware, Felipe Zapata

Biology Department Faculty Works

The Plant Ontology Consortium (POC) (www.plantontology.org) is a collaborative effort among several plant databases and experts in plant systematics, botany and genomics. A primary goal of the POC is to develop simple yet robust and extensible controlled vocabularies that accurately reflect the biology of plant structures and developmental stages. These provide a network of vocabularies linked by relationships (ontology) to facilitate queries that cut across datasets within a database or between multiple databases. The current version of the ontology integrates diverse vocabularies used to describe Arabidopsis, maize and rice (Oryza sp.) anatomy, morphology and growth stages. Using the ontology browser, …

Reproductive Ecology Of Two Common Woody Species, Juniperus Sabina And Artemisia Santolinifolia, In Mountain Steppes Of Southern Mongolia, Katrin Ronnenberg

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

The present study describes the reproductive ecology of the prostrate shrub Juniperus sabina and the dwarf shrub Artemisia santolinifolia in dry mountain steppes of southern Mongolia. Whereas stands of the juniper are located at the drought limit of the genus’ distributional range, the genus Artemisia is typical of central Asian drylands. Both species produce large numbers of reproductive organs. For Juniperus sabina, however, only 2.5% of the morphologically intact seeds were found to be viable. Correspondingly, neither seedlings nor saplings were found in the field, and recruitment by reseeding happens at most rarely under the present climatic conditions.

Instead, …

Environmental Adaptations Of The Gobi Desert Plants In Mongolia: An Example Of C4-Plants, Ts. Tsendeekhuu, Clanton Candler Black

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

This paper presents the results of our studies on the ecological adaptations and geographical distribution of plants with C4-photosynthesis in Mongolia using ¹³C isotope discrimination.

Previous studies identified about 80 C4-species in 8 families in the Mongolian flora. Our investigations lead to the identification of four additional species, which can be regarded as C4-plants. Orostachys spinosa (-16.26‰ ¹³C), O. thyrsiflora (-16.86‰ ¹³C), O. fimbriata (-16.15‰ ¹³C), and Euphorbia humifusa (-23.29‰ ¹³C). However, as the discrimination level for Euphorbia humifusa is very similar to that of C3-plants it may be switching between C3 and C4 types …

Flora Of The Gurvan Saykhan Mountains, Tseden Jamsran, Batlai Oyuntsetseg, Radnaakhand Tungalag

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Although two major books have been published on the Mongolian flora regional data are often still lacking due to the vast expanses of the country. Therefore we used published information and data from our own fieldwork to compile a relatively comprehensive inventory of the flora of the Gobi Gurvan Saykhan mountains in southern Mongolia.

First Record Of An Adult Male Evening Bat From Kansas, Clay R. Davis, Justin G. Boyles

The Prairie Naturalist

The evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis) occurs throughout the eastern and southeastern United States and into extreme northeastern Mexico, approximately 42° to 18° N latitude (Watkins and Shump 1981). Although records of females are common, records of adult male evening bats are rare in the northern portion of the species range (Watkins 1969, Watkins 1972). Jones et al. (1967) suggested that adult males might not accompany females to at least some parts of the parturient range. As part of a larger study (Davis 2003) we surveyed bats on Fort Leavenworth Military Reservation (FLMR), Leavenworth County, Kansas in July 2002 …

Variation In Isoprene Emission From Quercus Rubra: Sources, Causes, And Consequences For Estimating Fluxes, Jennifer L. Funk, Clive G. Jones, Dennis W. Gray, Heather L. Throop, Laura A. Hyatt, Manuel T. Lerdau

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Isoprene is the dominant volatile organic compound produced in many forest systems. Uncertainty in estimates of leaf level isoprene emission rate stems from an insufficient understanding of the patterns and processes controlling isoprene emission capacity in plant leaves. Previous studies suggest that variation in isoprene emission capacity is substantial; however, it is not known at what scale emission capacity is the most variable. Identifying the sources of variation in emission capacity has implications for conducting measurements and for model development, which will ultimately improve emission estimates and models of tropospheric chemistry. In addition, understanding the sources of variation will help …

Review Of "Photosynthesis - Regulation Under Varying Light Regimes", Jennifer L. Funk

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

This is a review of "Photosynthesis: Regulation Under Varying Light Regimes." By V S Rama Das. Enfield (New Hampshire): Science Publishers. $65.00. viii + 175 p; ill.; author and subject indexes. ISBN: 1-57808-343-5. 2004.

The Vascular Flora Of Powhatan County, Virginia, Michael Austin Terry

Master's Theses

The project was undertaken with three main goals in mind: to provide as current and complete an account as possible of the flora of Powhatan County in the form of an annotated checklist; to integrate the information obtained from the inventory into phytogeographical and ecological generalizations currently being developed for the state of Virginia; and, to report any significant or anomalous discoveries. There is no previous county-wide inventory of plant diversity for Powhatan County. However, Corcoran (1981) published a list of plants from the Jones and Mill Creek watershed located in the Fine Creek Mills area of northeastern Powhatan.

Plant Composition Of Mixed-Grass Prairie Of Cedar Point Biological Research Station, Keith County, Nebraska, David A. Mckenzie

Biology Faculty Publications

This study involved a vegetation analysis of 15 permanent plots established on the short-grass and mixed grass prairie slopes at the Cedar Point Biological Station in Keith County, Nebraska. Ninety-nine species were found in the plots, including members of 75 genera and 31 families. Twenty-one were graminoids, 71 were forbs or succulents, 6 were shrubs and one was a tree. Bouteloua gracilis (19 % cover) and Carex filifolia (15 % cover) were the dominant graminoids at the site, while Yucca glauca (1% cover) and Artemisia frigida (1% cover) were the most frequent forbs. Comparisons of species richness by slope categories …

Classification Of Turkish Plantago L. Species Using Numerical Taxonomy, Betül Tutel, İrfan Kandemi̇r, Semra Kuş, Aykut Kence

Turkish Journal of Botany

Twenty-three Plantago L. taxa belonging to 2 subgenera (Euplantago Harms and Psyllium (Juss.) Harms) were classified by numerical taxonomic methods. A total of 36 morphological and ecological characters were utilised for numerical taxonomic analysis of Plantago taxa. The classification obtained by numeric taxonomic methods was compared to that obtained by conventional methods. In general, both of the classifications agreed well, except for the section Hymenopsyllium Pilger being clustered under the subgenus Psyllium contrary to the conventional classification.

The Flora Of Bitlis River Valley, Abdullah Altiok, Lütfi̇ Behçet

Turkish Journal of Botany

This paper describes a floristic study of Bitlis river basin. The research was carried out from 2001 and 2003 to 2150 vascular plant specimens were collected. After the identification of the specimens, the flora was determined to include 925 taxa (at specific and infraspecific ranks) belonging to 770 species, 386 genera and 85 families. One hundred and seventy-nine taxa were defined as new records for the B9 square. The endemism rate of the area is 6.8% based on 63 taxa. The largest families are Asteraceae (109 taxa), Fabaceae (101 taxa) and Poaceae (77 taxa). The largest genera are Trifolium L. …

The Benthic Algal Flora Of Demirdöven Dam Reservoir (Erzurum, Turkey), Ersi̇n Kivrak, Hasan Gürbüz

Turkish Journal of Botany

Seasonal variations in the species composition of the benthic algae of Demirdöven Dam Reservoir were investigated in 2000 and 2001. The benthic algal flora consisted of 174 taxa belonging to the Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta and Euglenophyta. In general, Bacillariophyta were dominant in terms of species number and abundance during the study period. The ranges of temporal distribution of the benthic algal composition and dominant species differed from each other at all stations.

Photoinhibition Of Photosystem Ii In Vivo During Greening Of The Wheat Seedlings, Zaman Mahmud Mahmudov, Khanlar Dayyan Abdullayev, Ralphreed Ahad Gasanov

Turkish Journal of Botany

The photoinhibition of photosystem II in vivo by analysis of diverse components -initial rate, steady state rate and lag phase-of photosynthetic O_2 evolution curves on greening wheat seedlings after illumination by excess white light (320 W/m^2) was investigated. A sharp reduction in the initial and steady state rates and a simultaneous intense rise in the lag phase of O_2 evolution were observed under the illumination of seedlings by excess light on the lag phase of chlorophyll a biosynthesis (less than 6 h of seedling greening) in comparison with the illumination of seedlings by excess light at the stage of substantial …

Nutrient Dynamics Of Olea Europaea L. Growing On Soils Derived From Two Different Parent Materials In The Eastern Mediterranean Region (Turkey), Hüsni̇ye Aka Sağliker, Cengi̇z Darici

Turkish Journal of Botany

Olea europaea L. (olive tree, Oleaceae), an important tree in the Mediterranean region, adds considerable amounts of leaf litters to soils, which may help in maintaining soil productivity. The aim of this study was to investigate temporal changes in the carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) contents of leaves, shoots, leaf litters and soils together with the amounts of leaf litters and humic and fulvic acids in the soils of olive trees growing on both marl and conglomerate parent materials in the Eastern Mediterranean region (Turkey). The element contents of leaf, shoot, leaf litter and soil samples …

Post-Fire Dynamics Of Cistus Spp. In A Pinus Brutia Forest, Çağatay Tavşanoğlu, Behzat Gürkan

Turkish Journal of Botany

The population dynamics of 2 species of Cistus L. (C. salviifolius L. and C. creticus L.) were studied along a post-fire successional gradient in Pinus brutia Ten. forests in Marmaris National Park, Turkey. The population density of Cistus spp. was 16 individual m^{-2} at the end of the first year after fire and then decreased exponentially (r^2 = 0.926, P < 0.001) the second year after fire to later successional stages. Total projected foliage cover of Cistus spp. was 26% by the end of the first year after fire, it increased to approximately 38% during the second year after fire and decreased linearly (r^2 = 0.872, P < 0.01) beyond this time. Rates of establishment of Cistus spp. were high in the first year after fire but were low in subsequent years and most of the Cistus plants flowered during the second year after fire. There was a significant positive relationship between the density of new seedlings of Cistus and cover of Pinus brutia trees in the sixth year after fire (r^2 = 0.242, P = 0.002). Seed yield of Cistus was reduced due to predation of seed capsules by Bruchid insects. Both species of Cistus were shown to be typical post-fire colonisers in terms of timing of recruitment and post-fire population dynamics. The major factors responsible for the decrease in density of seedlings of C. salviifolius and C. creticus are likely to be the mortality of young seedlings due to summer drought and competition among seedlings and with P. brutia trees. It is suggested here that the species considered have fire-dependent establishment behaviour and an increase in population is restricted to early post-disturbance in P. brutia forests in Turkey, as in other Mediterranean regions.

Macrofungi Of Türkmenbaba Mountain (Eskişehir), Hasan Köstekci̇, Mustafa Yamaç, Mehmet Hali̇l Solak

Turkish Journal of Botany

The macrofungi collected from the Türkmenbaba mountain area in 2001-2003 were investigated. As a result of field and laboratory studies, 84 taxa belonging to 30 families were identified. Seven species belong to the class Ascomycetes and 77 species to Basidiomycetes. Seven of these taxa are new records for the Turkish macromycota.

A Note On Grimmia Capillata De Not., (Grimmiaceae, Musci) In Turkey, Güray Uyar, Murat Ünal

Turkish Journal of Botany

Grimmia capillata De Not. is recorded for the first time from Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. A description of the species is given along with its ecology and a discussion of its phytogeographical significance.

A New Record For The Flora Of Turkey: Iberis Saxatilis L. (Brasssicaceae), Tuncay Di̇rmenci̇, Fati̇h Satil, Gülendam Tümen

Turkish Journal of Botany

Iberis saxatilis L. is reported for the first time (B1 Balıkesir) from Turkey. A description, including an illustration of the plant parts, and a distribution map are presented.

In Vitro Regeneration Of Sandal (Santalum Album L.) From Leaves, Abdul Mujib

Turkish Journal of Botany

The first successful induction of adventitious shoot buds on Santalum album L. leaves is reported. De novo shoots were induced directly on leaves without any callusing stage. A leaf length of 0.5-1.5 cm only showed bud inducing potential. Bud formation occurred on both MS and WPM basal media, although, liquid media were more responsive. Among the plant growth regulators, BAP at low concentrations (0.44 and 2.22 µM) was effective in this organogenetic process but exogenous auxin application failed to illicit a similar morphogenetic response. Epiphyllous shoot formation was more pronounced on leaf lamina in which the dorsal and ventral leaf …

A Comment On The Results Reported By Çetin And Şen, Ari̇f Gönülol

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Peroxidases In The Development Of Plants And Their Responses To Abiotic Stresses., Deborah Vicuna

Doctoral

Peroxidases and its effects on plants were analysed. Peroxidases are involved in many physiological processes in plants, involving responses to biotic and abiotic stresses and the biosynthesis of lignin. Liglin is a polymer responsible for rendering the plant stronger and more rigid and also making the cell walls hydrophobic. Peroxidases are involved in the polymerization of the precursors of lignin. They are also involved in the scavenging of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which are partially reduced forms of atmospheric oxygen, highly reactive, and capable of causing oxidative damage to the cell. Peroxidases can be a source of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) …

Plant Community Field Surveys In Eastern Nebraska Project Final Report, Alicia Admiraal

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This project was completed as part of the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission’s (NGPC) State Wildlife Comprehensive Conservation Plan. As part of this project, inventory and assessment of native plant communities and at-risk habitats throughout the state of Nebraska is necessary. This report describes the field inventories of native grasslands and other plant communities conducted during the 2004 field season for the Elkhorn River valley in Madison, Stanton and Dodge counties, and the Platte River valley between the towns of Columbus and Schuyler, in Platte and Colfax counties. Funding for the project was provided by the US Fish and Wildlife …

2005 Plant Community Field Surveys In Western Nebraska, Robert F. Steinauer

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

These surveys were undertaken to provide biological data for the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission’s (NGPC) Nebraska Natural Legacy Action Plan. The specific intent was to identify, map, and give quality rankings to large blocks of privately-owned native plant communities within the survey area. In 2005, the surveys focused on Keith, Deuel, Cheyenne, Kimball, Banner, and Scotts Bluff counties, Sioux, Dawes and Sheridan counties north of the Pine Ridge, and Garden County south of the North Platte River.

Response Of Sagebrush Steppe Species To Elevated Co2 And Soil Temperature, Melissa S. Lucash, Blake Farnsworth, William E. Winner

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Elevated atmospheric CO₂ may cause long-term changes in the productivity and species composition of the sagebrush steppe. Few studies, however, have evaluated the effects of increased CO₂ on growth and physiology of species important to this ecosystem. Since the response of plants to elevated CO₂ may be limited by environmental factors, soil temperature was also examined to determine if low soil temperatures limit CO₂ response. To determine how CO₂ and soil temperature affect the growth of species native to the sagebrush steppe, bottlebrush squirreltail [Elymus elymoides (Raf.) Swezey], Thurber needlegrass (Stipa thurberiana Piper), …

A Study On The Microfungi Of Sivas Province, Zeli̇ha Bahçeci̇oğlu, Bayram Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this article, the microfungi grown in Sivas province and their hosts are given. The research was carried out between 1996 and 1998. Approximately 2700 vascular plant specimens infected and non-infected with microfungi were collected from the area. At the end of the studies on the host specimens, 38 families, 171 genera and 315 taxa were established, and 44 host specimens are given at the generic level. On the other hand, 199 microfungi species (201 taxa) found on the collected host specimens were established. These species belong to 49 genera and 14 families. More than half of the species (115 …

New Records For The Macromycota Of Turkey From Balıkesir Province, Fadi̇me Yilmaz Ersel

Turkish Journal of Botany

Macrofungi samples recorded in this study were collected from different localities in Balıkesir province from 1998 to 2001. As a result of the field and laboratory studies, 4 taxa belonging to 4 families were recorded for the first time in Turkey. These are Hebeloma mesophaeum (Pers.) Fr. var. lacteum Vesterh., Lepiota griseovirens Maire, Lactarius violascens (J.Otto) Fr., and Melanoleuca griseofumosa Secr. ex Singer & Clémençon.

The Macrofungi Of Karabük Province, Dursun Yağiz, Ahmet Afyon, Muhsi̇n Konuk

Turkish Journal of Botany

This study was based on specimens of macrofungi collected from Karabük province between 1998 and 2000. It resulted in the identification of 121 taxa belonging to 33 families, and 14 taxa were added to the Turkish mycota flora as new records.

Macrofungi Determined In Gölbaşı (Adıyaman) District, Abdullah Kaya

Turkish Journal of Botany

Macrofungi specimens were collected from Gölbaşı (Adıyaman) district in 2000-2003. As a result of field and laboratory studies, 77 taxa belonging to 22 families in the classes Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes were identified. Five of them, Cyathus stercoreus (Schw.) de Toni, Entoloma rusticoides (Gill.) Noordel., Pluteus dietrichii Bres., Coprinus dilectus Fr. and Panaeolus guttulatus Bres., are new records for Turkey.

Lichen Collection In The Herbarium Of The University Of İstanbul (Istf), Gülşah Çobanoğlu

Turkish Journal of Botany

The unidentified lichen specimens collected about 50 years ago and stored in the herbarium of the Faculty of Science, the University of İstanbul (ISTF) were examined taxonomically and identified. This lichen collection includes 67 species, some of which are rare and interesting for the collection sites. Most of the samples are from İstanbul and its surroundings, but some are from several provinces in Anatolia.

Effect Of Control Plot Density, Control Plot Arrangement, And Assumption Of Random Or Fixed Effects On Nonreplicated Experiments For Germplasm Screening Using Spatial Models, Boi Sebolai, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, D. B. Marx, D. L. Boykin

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Early generation selection experiments typically involve several hundred to thousands of lines. Various systematic and statistical techniques have been developed to increase effectiveness and efficiencies in such experiments, including the development and application of spatial statistical models. In this study, mixed model equations were used to provide least squares means (LSMEANs) and best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) and compare selection effectiveness and efficiencies to observed (Y) and true values in simulated experiments varying in size (10 X 10, 20 X 20 and 30 X 30 grids), control plots densities (0, 5, 10, 20, and 50%), control plot arrangements (high, medium, …