Exercise Physiology Commons^™

Long-Term Weight Gain In Response To High-Fat Feeding In Cd-1 Mice, Whitney Breslin, Kelley Strohacker, Katie C. Carpenter, Lisa Esposito, Brian K. Mcfarlin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Background. Excessive weight gain is known to cause numerous health related consequences in humans and rodents. Due to ethical issues, it is not appropriate to cause weight gain in humans. From an experimental design prospective, murine models are often used to measure the effect of weight gain. Despite the validity of murine models, there is little published information concerning long-term weight gain when mice consume a high-fat (60% of calories from fat) diet. The purpose of this study was to examine weight gain during high-fat feeding in wild type CD-1 male mice. Methods. This study utilized data collected during the …

Effect Of Hatha Yoga On Stress And Recovery Of Female Collegiate Athletes, Pritha Sharma, Kevin Kendrick, Daniel R. Chilek Jr

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Effect of Hatha Yoga on Stress and Recovery of Female Collegiate Athletes

Sharma, P., Kendrick, K., and Chilek, D.

Department of Health & Kinesiology

Lamar University, Beaumont, TX

PURPOSE: To determine the acute effect of Hatha yoga participation on stress and recovery of collegiate female athletes (cross country, soccer and volleyball). METHOD: Twenty five healthy female athletes were randomly divided into two groups, experimental (Yoga, Y; n=14, age=19.3±1.3 years) and control (No Yoga, C; n=11, age=19.7±3.6 years). Hatha yoga was performed on four consecutive days, at 30-40 minutes per session, and consisted of breathing exercise, meditation, asanas/postures, sun salute, and …

A Descriptive And Comparative Study Of Physical And Performance Characteristics Of Ncaa Division Ii And Division Iii Softball Players., Nicole L. Dickson, Chuck Ruot, Melissa Madeson, Lindsay Edwards

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Abstract. Dickson, N., Ruot, C., Madeson, M., and Edwards, L. A descriptive and comparative study of physical and performance characteristics of NCAA Division II and Division III softball players.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the physical and performance characteristics of Division II and III softball players. This research also aimed to collect physical and performance measurements to begin the establishment of normative data on college softball players

Methods: Participants included two teams of female varsity National College Athletic Association Division (NCAA) II (N=19) and III (N=16) student-athletes. Athletes were evaluated prior to the softball …

Frequency Influences The Regularity Of The Structural Variations Present In The Leg Swing Kinematics, Vladimir Ivkovic, Max J. Kurz

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The regularity of human motor patterns has been linked to age and disease states [1]. For example, the structural variations that are found in a rhythmical finger force task are less regular in the aged and individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) [1]. These observed changes represent an inability of the nervous system to integrate the motor-sensory information for the maintenance of a regular motor pattern [1,2]. Currently, it is unknown if the changes in regularity of the structural variations persist while performing a rhythmical motor task with the lower extremity, and if the frequency of the rhythmical pattern influences the …

The Effects Of Abdominal Strength On Firefighting Ability, Marcos A. Michaelides, Koulla M. Parpa, Barry Brown

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The purpose of this project was to identify the relationships between various fitness parameters such as: upper body muscular endurance, upper and lower body strength, flexibility, anaerobic power, abdominal strength, body composition and the performance on an “Ability Test” (AT) that includes a set of six simulated firefighting tasks. Ninety firefighters participated in this study (age 33.54 ± 6.95 years). Firefighting ability was determined based on the time of completion of the AT. Abdominal strength was determined on an isometric device (AbMed). Abdominal strength was significantly inversely correlated (r = -.54, p < .01) with the overall performance on the AT test indicating that higher the abdominal strength was associated with shorter time of completion of the AT. Abdominal strength was also related with high performance (shorter times) on all six individual simulated firefighting tasks. In addition, the results of the multiple regression demonstrated that abdominal strength had a significant effect on the overall time to complete the AT. Abdominal strength contributed significantly [t(53) = -2.94, p < .01] to the predictive power of firefighter’s time to complete the set of firefighting tasks as described in the AT test. The most common test to evaluated core fitness among firefighters was based on the performance on the sit-up test which measures muscular endurance rather than muscular strength. The results of this study demonstrated that abdominal strength might be a better contributor to firefighting ability than abdominal muscular endurance, as determined by the sit-up test. The results presented in this study are unique since the method used to assess abdominal strength was not previously implemented on firefighters.

Interval Training And Heart Rate Variability (Hrv) In Type 2 Diabetic Patients., Koulla M. Parpa, Marcos A. Michaelides, Barry Brown

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiovascular autonomic function as determined by HRV, in type 2 diabetic patients. Fourteen type 2 diabetic individuals (Mean age ± SD = 57± 6.71 years) participated in the study. Resting electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded at baseline and 12-weeks after training. HRV was assessed from calculation of the mean R-R interval and its standard deviation measured on a 5-min ECG. Type 2 diabetic participants followed a 12-week HIIT on a treadmill consisting of four 30- min sessions per week. A HIIT session involved a …

The Effects Of Female Sex Hormones (Birth Control Contraceptive) On Measures Of Endothelial Function, Kara N. Weaver, Bridgett Ugoletti, Joel B. Mitchell, Dennis Cheek

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Background: Endothelial function has been shown to be influenced by many variables, including, but not limited to body composition, disease state, dietary fat intake, medication, and sex hormones, in particular estrogen. Specifically in women, changes in the functioning level of endothelial cells vary in response to changes in estrogen levels in the body.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of hormonal birth control contraceptives on endothelial function, or more specifically, on flow-mediated dilatation (FMD).

Method: 61 female participants between the ages of 18 and 28 (21.54 ± 2.03) with BMI ranging from 17.47 to 35.03 …

Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia: The Effects Of Carbohydrate And Hydration Status On Il-6, Adh, And Sodium Concentrations, Kimberly A. Hubing, Laura R. Quigg, John T. Bassett, Melody D. Phillips, James J. Barbee, Joel B. Mitchell

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Exercise-associated hyponatremia (serum sodium < 135 mmol/L) is a rare, but serious condition that has been identified in those engaging in prolonged, physical activity conducted in the heat. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydration status and glycogen level on plasma IL-6, ADH, and sodium concentrations during and after prolonged exercise in the heat. METHODS: Ten male participants completed four trials: a glycogen depleted, euhydrated condition (DE); a glycogen depleted, dehydrated condition (DD); a glycogen loaded, euhydrated condition (LE); and a glycogen loaded, dehydrated condition (LD) consisting of cycling 90 minutes at 60% VO2 max in a 35˚C environment followed by a 3-h rehydration (RH) period. During RH, subjects received either 150% of fluid lost (DD & LD) or an additional 50% of fluid lost (DE & LE). Exercise and RH blood samples were analyzed for glucose, IL-6, ADH, and Na+. Sweat and urine samples were analyzed for [Na+]. RESULTS: Post-exercise to post-rehydration [Na+] changes for LD, DD, DE and LE were -6.85, -6.7, -1.45 and 0.10 mM, respectively. Post-exercise [IL-6] for DD, LD, DE, and LE were 5.4, 4.0, 3.7, and 3.49 pg/mL, respectively. Post-exercise [ADH] for LD, DD, DE, and LE were 21.5, 12.8, 7.6, and 1.9 pg/mL, respectively. The number of hyponatremic measurements for all RH samples was 5, 5, 20, and 10 for LD, DD, DE, and LE, respectively. CONCLUSION: Despite our glycogen and hydration manipulations, no regulatory effects of IL-6 and ADH on plasma sodium were observed. The timing of fluid intake did alter plasma sodium since euhydration during exercise combined with an additional 50% intake during RH, and a post-exercise RH volume of 150% of fluid lost both resulted in sodium concentrations below initial levels. Supported by a grant from the Gatorade Sports Science Institute.

Changes In Pparδ Protein Content Following Acute Aerobic Exercise In Human Vastus Lateralis Muscle., Nicholas P. Greene, Mats I. Nilsson, Bradley S. Lambert, Steven E. Riechman, James D. Fluckey, Stephen F. Crouse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PPARδ is a transcription factor which functions in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism, and may be implicated as a therapeutic target for several metabolic diseases. Exercise training has previously been shown to increase PPARδ protein content, but the response of PPARδ to acute exercise is not yet understood. PURPOSE: To explore changes in PPARδ protein content following an acute bout of aerobic exercise in untrained obese adults. METHODS: 8 men and 4 women participated in the study. Subjects’ mean age, weight, VO2MAX (Bruce treadmill GXT), and body composition (DEXA) were 44 yr, 93.2 kg, 28.2 mL/kg/min, and 40.5% …

Sport Specificity And Training Influence Bone And Body Composition In Women Collegiate Athletes, Jennifer M. Markos, Aaron Carbuhn, Tara Fernandez, Amy Bragg, John Green, Stephen Crouse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sport Specificity and Training Influence Bone and Body Composition In Women Collegiate Athletes

Jennifer M. Markos†, Aaron F. Carbuhn†, Tara E. Fernandez‡, Amy F. Bragg‡, John S. Green‡, FACSM, and Stephen F. Crouse‡, FACSM. Department of Health and Kinesiology and Department of Athletics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, (Sponsor: S.F. Crouse)

This is a novel descriptive study to characterize off-season, pre-season, and post-season bone and body composition measures in women collegiate athletes.

PURPOSE: To quantify changes in women collegiate athletes’ bone mineral content, bone mineral density (BMD), arm BMD, leg BMD, pelvis BMD, spine BMD, and body composition …

The Effects Of A Proprietary Fenugreek Extract On Strength & Body Composition, Eric J. Constancio, Colin Wilborn, Lem Taylor, Cliffa Foster, Brandon Bushey, Chris Poole, Earnest Pena, Tyler Jones, Richard Kreider

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Fenugreek extract has been marketed in dozens of dietary products as having performance enhancing potential for resistance trained athletes. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential performance enhancing effects of a proprietary fenugreek extract in conjunction with a controlled resistance training program. METHODS: Thirty resistance trained male subjects were matched according to fat free mass and randomly assigned to ingest in a double-blind manner capsules containing 500mg of a placebo or fenugreek (Trigonella Foenun greacum) once per day for 8-weeks (Active: N = 17, 21 ± 2.8 yrs, 178 ± 5.8 cm, 85 ± 9.6 kg, …

Ovarian Hormones And Cerebral Hemodynamics During Upright Tilt, Eren R. Sanborn, Steven Romero, Gilbert Moralez, Joseph Jacquez, Donovan Fogt, William H. Cooke

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The cerebral vasculature is a specific target for ovarian hormones. Estrogens in particular activate endothelial factors that decrease vessel tone and increase blood flow. Changes in cerebral blood flow across the menstrual cycle could underlie the observation that women experience orthostatic instability more often than men, but the influence of ovarian hormone levels on cerebral hemodynamics in the upright posture is unclear. PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that cerebral blood velocity and cerebral autoregulatory capacity change in parallel with ovarian hormone concentrations. METHODS: Nine healthy eumenorrheic women (mean age 24 ± 1 yr, height 166 ± 3 cm, weight 68 …

A Greater Vo2max Is Associated With A Reduced Frequency Of Senescent T-Lymphocytes In Middle-Aged But Not Younger Men, Guillaume Spielmann, Brian K. Mcfarlin, Paula J.W. Smith, Keith Guy, Richard Simpson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Senescent T-lymphocytes are known to accumulate with age, increasing infection risk in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Participation in regular physical activity might offset the deleterious effects of ageing on adaptive immunity . PURPOSE: Examine the impact of estimated VO2max on the frequency of senescent blood T-cells in young and middle-aged men. METHODS: Twenty young (Y; age: 24.8 &#; 3.3) and 20 middle-aged (O; age: 53.9 &#; 3.2) healthy males provided a fasted resting blood sample, completed an assessment of percentage body fat and a physical activity status questionnaire designed to estimate VO2max. Y and O subjects were then divided into …

Effects Of Fenugreek, Cinnamon, & Curcumin On Post Workout Inflammatory Response, Tyler Jones, Colin Wilborn, Lem Taylor, Cliffa Foster, Trevor Swift, Courtney Burken, Maggie Florez, Chris Poole, Brandon Bushey, Richard Kreider, Darryn Willoughby

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

It has been documented that strenuous exercise suppresses cellular immunity leading to increased susceptibility to infections and delayed recovery. As mediators of these phenomena, cytokines released into the circulation have been a recent focus of attention. PURPOSE: To assess the acute effectiveness of fenugreek, cinnamon, & curcumin on blunting inflammatory markers after muscle damage. METHODS: Twenty healthy non-resistance trained male and female subjects were equally divided by gender and assigned to ingested either a proprietary blend of fenugreek, cinnamon, & curcumin (N = 10, 21 ± 2.8 yrs, 174 ± 10 in, 77 ± 20 kg) or placebo (N = …

The Effects Of An Energy Increasing Supplement On Markers Of V02 Max, Body Composition, And Anaerobic Power, Chris N. Poole, Sue Bott, Brandon Bushey, Amanda Crawford, Cliffa Foster, Lem Taylor, Colin Wilborn

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Research suggests that energy increasing supplement ingestion prior to prolonged aerobic exercise (>60minutes) can improve aerobic capacity (VO2 Max). Energy increasing supplements affect on reduced aerobic training periods (<60>minutes) lack definitive empirical evidence. PURPOSE: To investigate the potential impact of an energy increasing supplement on aerobic training, body composition and anaerobic power. METHODS: Thirty-three healthy male and female subjects (18-30yrs) participated in an equated volume supervised running workout for six weeks utilizing long slow distance. Group one (N = 17, 21 ± 3 yr) participated in long slow distance training as a Placebo group void of any dietary …

Comparison Of Aerobic Training Methods On V02 Max, Body Composition And Anaerobic Power., Amanda M. Crawford, Cliffa Foster, Chris Poole, Brandon Bushey, Colin Wilborn

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Recent research has utilized intensity as a primary means to define training methods for improving aerobic capacity (VO2 max). Alternative ways of classifying training techniques must be examined to elucidate optimal practices for aerobic capacity enhancement. PURPOSE: To investigate the potential impact of various aerobic training methods on V02, body composition and anaerobic power. METHODS: Thirty-four healthy male & female subjects (18-30yrs) participated in an equated volume supervised running workout for six weeks utilizing two alternate training methods. Group one (N = 17, 21 ± 3 yr) participated in Interval Training Distance (ITD) and group two (N = 17, 21 …

Aerobic Exercise Training May Not Offset The Pro-Inflammatory Effects Of A High Fat Feeding, Katie C. Carpenter, Lisa Esposito, Kelley A. Strohacker, Richard J. Simpson, Brian K. Mcfarlin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Aerobic Exercise Training May Not Offset the Pro-inflammatory Effects of a High Fat Feeding. Katie C. Carpenter, Lisa Esposito, Kelley A. Strohacker, Richard J. Simpson, Brian K. McFarlin. University of Houston, Houston, TX

Increased adiposity is associated with an increase in systemic inflammation, which is involved in the pathophysiology of various disease states. A current hypothesis in our laboratory suggests that the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway may link physical activity and systemic inflammation. PURPOSE: The primary purpose was to determine if 6-weeks of aerobic exercise training (5 days per week, 1 hour per day. 21-22m/min) would limit the increase …

The Impact Of Differing Types Of Physical Activity On Weight Loss, Strength, Vo2 Max, And The Various Metabolic Hormones., Fanny Dufour, Chris Poole, Brandon Bushey, Amanda Crawford, Cliffa Foster, Lem Taylor, Colin Wilborn

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigate the impact of differing types of physical activity on weight loss, strength, VO2 max, and various metabolic hormones. METHODS: Eleven sedentary and overweight male/females participated in this study and were randomly assigned to one of two exercise groups: aerobic training (A) (N = 4, 40 ± 8.7 yrs 165 ± 8.3cm, 89 ± 16 kg), or aerobic training plus resistance training (ART) (N = 7, 43 ± 10 yrs, 171 ± 8.7 cm, 91 ± 12 kg). Training protocols for the two exercise groups consisted of 30 min of aerobic exercise five days per …

Fenugreek Extract Supplementation Has No Effect On The Hormonal Profile Of Resitance-Trained Males, Brandon Bushey, Lem W. Taylor, Colin W. Wilborn, Chris Poole, Cliffa A. Foster, Bill Campbell, Richard B. Kreider, Darryn S. Willoughby

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Fenugreek is herb that has several purported uses in animal models. Despite no substantiated claims in human research models, fenugreek has been marketed in dietary products as having anabolic potential for resistance trained athletes. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential anabolic effects of fenugreek extract supplementation in conjunction with a controlled resistance training program. METHODS: Forty-five resistance trained males were matched by fat free mass and randomly assigned to ingest in a double blind manner capsules containing 500mg of a placebo (PL) (N = 24, 20.1 ± 2.6 yr, 85.5 ±13.4 kg, 177.00 ± 6.1 …

Arterial Pulse Wave Velocities Are Unchanged Following 12 Weeks Of Circuit Weight Training, Joseph D. Jacquez, Steven A. Romero, Eren R. Sanborn, Gilbert Moralez, Dong Dong Lui, Donovan L. Fogt, William H. Cooke

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Arterial stiffness is decreased after vigorous endurance training and increased after high-intensity resistance training. The effects of a combined program of moderate endurance and resistance exercise on arterial stiffness have not been determined. PURPOSE: To determine whether12 weeks of circuit weight training will decrease both central and peripheral arterial stiffness as estimated from pulse wave velocity (PWV). METHODS: Thirteen males and eight females (age 22 ± 2, height 162 ± 8 cm, weight 78 ± 20 kg) were assigned to control (n = 10) or exercise (n = 11) groups. Aerobic capacity and muscular strength were assessed before and at …

Reliability Of The Omron Hbf-500 Body Composition Monitor, Rodrigo G. Perez, Michael I. Pribyl, John D. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Omron HBF-500 incorporates both hand-to-hand and foot-to-foot electrical impedance technology. At this time, the authors are not aware of any studies examining the consistency of this monitor. PURPOSE: To assess the reliability of the Omron HBF-500 body composition monitor. METHODS: Twelve men and six women signed an informed consent and participated in the study (32.4±8.7 years, 169.9±7.5 cm, 81.4±15.9 kg, 28.2±5.5 kg.m-2). Participants reported to the laboratory on three separate occasions separated by at least one day and within one week. Participants were asked to refrain from exercise and caffeine on the days of testing and, were asked to …

Lower Extremity Kinetics In High And Low-Arched Athletes During Landing, Elizabeth T. Chalambaga, Douglas Powell, Doug Renshaw, Matthew Bice, Benjamin Long

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Abnormal foot function has been associated with an increased rate of injury in the athletic population. It has been shown that high-arched (HA) and low-arched (LA) athletes experience different injury patterns. These may be the manifestation of different loading and joint torque patterns in HA and LA athletes. It has been shown that HA and LA athletes have unique kinematic and kinetic patterns during running. However, little research has examined ground reaction forces (GRF) and lower extremity joint kinetics in HA and LA athletes during landing tasks. PURPOSE: To examine GRF and knee and ankle joint torques in HA and …

The Effects Of Insoles On Loading Rate In Level Running, Crystal Ruano, Douglas Powell, Doug Renshaw, Elizabeth Chalambaga, Matthew Bice

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Introduction: Running is one of the most popular recreational sports in America with over 250 million regular runners. Recreational and competitive runners often experience over-use injuries including plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendinitis and stress fractures. Previous research has shown that the transmission of ground reaction force through the lower extremity leads to these over-use injuries; however, it is not solely the magnitude of vertical ground reaction forces, but also the rate at which these forces are applied that may lead to lower extremity injury. Many recreational runners will use over-the-counter insoles as a method of treating an injury or as a …

Effects Of Hypovolemia On Cerebral Blood Velocity And Autoregulation During Upright Tilt: Implications For Post-Spaceflight Orthostasis, Steven A. Romero, Eren R. Sanborn, Gilbert Moralez, William H. Cooke

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Orthostatic stability depends on maintenance of adequate cerebral blood flow. Orthostatic instability experienced by returning astronauts is associated with microgravity-induced hypovolemia, suggesting that hypovolemia may disrupt the ability of the cerebral vasculature to regulate blood flow. PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that hypovolemia reduces cerebral blood velocity and impairs cerebral autoregulation (CA) during upright tilt. METHODS: Nine males (age 23 ± .5 yrs; height 172 ± 2 cm; weight 87 ± 3 kg; mean ± SE) were tilted head-up to 70° on two occasions separated by at least 5 days under euhydration (EUH) and dehydration (DEH) conditions. Dehydration was induced …

Pedometer Accuracy In Lower Limb Amputees: A Pilot Study, Gary Guerra, John D. Smith, Patricia Holmes, Ed Khu, Imelda Pena

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

To date there have been no studies examining the accuracy of the pedometer on lower limb amputees. PURPOSE: To measure the accuracy of pedometers in lower limb amputees. METHODS: Four participants (Table 1) had their height and weights measured and were then fitted with a Velcro Walk4Life™ pedometer belt (Walk4Life Inc, Plainfield, IL) around the waistline at the hip. They were then fitted with two pedometers: a SW-701 Digiwalker™ (NEW-LIFESTYLES, Inc., Lee's Summit, MO) spring-levered pedometer on the anterior mid-line of the right hip and a New-Lifestyles® NL-800 (NEW-LIFESTYLES, Inc., Lee's Summit, MO) piezoelectric pedometer just laterally to the SW-701. …

Accuracy Of The Omron Hbf-500 Body Composition Monitor, Michael I. Pribyl, Rodrigo Perez, John D. Smith, Christopher M. Hearon, G Richard Grimes

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Omron HBF-500 is a relatively new and inexpensive body composition monitor that incorporates both hand-to-hand and foot-to-foot electrical impedance technology. At this time, the authors are not aware of any studies examining the accuracy of this monitor. PURPOSE: To assess the accuracy of the Omron HBF-500 body composition monitor using the BOD POD as a criterion. METHODS: Sixteen men and 23 women signed an informed consent and participated in the study (22.7±3.7 years, 168.8±9.1 cm, 73.8±17.8 kg, 25.7±5.6 kg.m-2). Participants were asked to refrain from exercise and caffeine on the day of testing, and were asked not eat a …

Influence Of Caloric Expenditure On Postprandial Triglyceride And Glucose Responses Following A High-Carbohydrate Meal, James Rowe, Heidi Bistrup, Kelley Henry, Melinda Villarreal, Kyle D. Biggerstaff, Vic Ben-Ezra

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: To examine the effects of aerobic exercise expending 350 and 700 kcal of energy on postprandial triglyceride (Tg) and glucose responses following a high carbohydrate (CHO) meal. Methods: Non-active individuals (n=9 women/4 men; age=22.8±3.7 yrs; Ht=169±10.4 cm; Wt=75.7± 22.4 kg; BMI=26.1±5.8 kg/m2; VO2 max=34.1±6.9 ml/kg/min) completed three trials in a random order: 1) control trial, 2) single exercise session expending 350 kcal (EX350), and 3) single exercise session expending 700 kcal (EX700). Exercise consisted of treadmill walking at 60% VO2 max until 350 and 700 kcal of energy had been expended. The control session consisted of seated rest. The …

Responses Of Lipids And Lipoproteins Following Acute And Training Resistance Exercise In Obese Postmenopausal Women, Ronique N. Pleasant, Melinda Villarreal, Joshua S. Wooten, Robert M. Hein, Robert D. Menzies, Melody D. Phillips

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

A single aerobic session and aerobic training can favorably modify lipids and lipoproteins in postmenopausal women, but the effects of a single resistance exercise session (RE) and resistance training (RT) remain equivocal. PURPOSE: To determine the acute effects of RE and chronic effects of 12 weeks of RT on lipid and lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations in obese, postmenopausal women. METHODS: Sedentary, obese, non-smoking, postmenopausal women, not taking HRT, were divided into either an exercise group (E, n = 10; age = 65.7 ± 1.8 y; BMI = 32.6 ± 3.5 kg/m²) or control group (C, n = 11; …

A Meta-Analysis Of Biomarkers Associated With The Overtraining Syndrome, Alissa Donaldson, Frank B. Wyatt, Elise Brown, Tyler Fagan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Overtraining (OT) syndrome has been investigated extensively with little agreement as to reliable markers for detection. A meta-analytic review is a procedure designed to compile studies in an area with hopes of reaching a consensus view. PURPOSE: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to provide summary quantitative findings of biomarkers (i.e., blood) associated with the overtraining syndrome. METHODS: A meta-analytic research design was utilized to investigate selected studies allowing for a coding process to record data. Thirteen studies met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Biomarkers included samples taken with subjects in normal (N) condition and during OT. These biomarkers were the following: glutamine …

Influence Of Menopausal Status On Lipids And Lipoproteins And Fat Mass Distribution: The Pioneer Project, Melinda Villarreal Ms., Ronique Pleasant, Nancy M. Dimarco, Barney C. Sanborn, Joshua S. Wooten

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Following menopause, fat redistribution and increased risk for dyslipidemia are common. The influence of menopause; however, on the associations between total and regional fat mass with lipids and lipoproteins remains unclear. PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the influence of menopausal status on associations between total and regional fat mass and lipids and lipoproteins. METHODS: Sedentary, non-smoking women (n=209) were grouped based on current menstrual status: premenopausal (n=143, mean±SD; age=42.7±7.7 yr, BMI=24.5±4.0 kg•m ^-2, WC=77.4±9.9 cm) or postmenopausal (n=66, mean±SD; age=52.9±5.3 yr, BMI= 24.9±4.2 kg•m ^-2, WC=78.8±9.9 cm). Fasting (12 hr) serum samples …