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Articles 1291 - 1320 of 3559

Full-Text Articles in Pharmacology

Flavonoids Luteolin And Quercetin Inhibit Rps19 And Contributes To Metastasis Of Cancer Cells Through C-Myc Reduction, K.-C. Chen, W.-H. Hsu, J.-Y. Ho, C.-W. Lin, C.-Y. Chu, C.C. Kandaswami, M.-T. Lee, C.-H. Cheng Jul 2020

Flavonoids Luteolin And Quercetin Inhibit Rps19 And Contributes To Metastasis Of Cancer Cells Through C-Myc Reduction, K.-C. Chen, W.-H. Hsu, J.-Y. Ho, C.-W. Lin, C.-Y. Chu, C.C. Kandaswami, M.-T. Lee, C.-H. Cheng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Flavonoids luteolin and quercetin can inhibit growth and metastasis of cancer cells. In our previous report, luteolin and quercetin was shown to block Akt/mTOR/c-Myc signaling. Here, we found luteolin and quercetin reduced protein level and transactivation activity of RPS19 in A431-III cells, which is isolated from parental A431 (A431-P) cell line. Further investigation the inhibitory mechanism of luteolin and quercetin on RPS19, we found c-Myc binding sites on RPS19 promoter. The Akt inhibitor LY294002, mTOR inhibitor rapamycin and c-Myc inhibitor 10058-F4 significantly suppressed RPS19 expression and transactivation activities. Overexpression and knockdown of c-Myc in cancer cells show RPS19 expression was …

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Production Of Functional Peptides With Inhibition Ability Against Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Using P. Pastoris Expression System, H.-M. Tai, C.-C. Li, C.-Y. Hung, L.-J. Yin Jul 2020

Production Of Functional Peptides With Inhibition Ability Against Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Using P. Pastoris Expression System, H.-M. Tai, C.-C. Li, C.-Y. Hung, L.-J. Yin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

To obtain the angiotension-I converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), a fusion ACEI polypeptide encoded with 8 DNA sequences of GPL, GPM, IKW, IVY, IRPVQ, IWHHT, IYPRY and IAPG, which were selected and designed and cloned into pGAPZαC and then transformed into Pichia pastoris SMD1168H. After 3 days induction, the fraction with highest ACEI activity was expressed and purified using a Ni Sepharose™ 6 Fast Flow. The IC50 of recombinant ACEI polypeptide was 88.2 μM. A 128-fold increase of ACEI activity (0.69 μM) was obtained after pepsin digestion, which was equivalent to 0.022 μM of captopril. Reverse phase HPLC indicated all the …

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Comprehensive Quality Evaluation And Comparison Of Angelica Sinensis Radix And Angelica Acutiloba Radix By Integrated Metabolomics And Glycomics, S.-S. Zhou, J. Xu, C.-K. Tsang, K.-M. Yip, W.-P. Yeung, Z.-Z. Zhao, S. Zhu, H. Fushimi, H.-Y. Chang, H.-B. Chen Jul 2020

Comprehensive Quality Evaluation And Comparison Of Angelica Sinensis Radix And Angelica Acutiloba Radix By Integrated Metabolomics And Glycomics, S.-S. Zhou, J. Xu, C.-K. Tsang, K.-M. Yip, W.-P. Yeung, Z.-Z. Zhao, S. Zhu, H. Fushimi, H.-Y. Chang, H.-B. Chen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Angelica radix (Danggui in Chinese) used in China and Japan is derived from two species of Angelica, namely Angelica sinensis and Angelica acutiloba, respectively. The differences in quality between A. sinensis radix (ASR) and A. acutiloba radix (AAR) should be therefore investigated to guide the medicinal and dietary applications of these two species. Secondary metabolites and carbohydrates have been demonstrated to be the two major kinds of bioactive components of Danggui. However, previously, quality comparison between ASR and AAR intensively concerned secondary metabolites but largely overlooked carbohydrates, thus failing to include or take into consideration an important aspect of the …

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Benefaction Of Probiotics For Human Health: A Review, Kerry R. George, J.K. Patra, S. Gouda, Y. Park, H.-S. Shin, G. Das Jul 2020

Benefaction Of Probiotics For Human Health: A Review, Kerry R. George, J.K. Patra, S. Gouda, Y. Park, H.-S. Shin, G. Das

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Humans are a unique reservoir of heterogeneous and vivacious group of microbes, which together forms the human-microbiome superorganism. Human gut serves as a home to over 100–1000 microbial species, which primarily modulate the host internal environment and thereby, play a major role in host health. This spectacular symbiotic relationship has attracted extensive research in this field. More specifically, these organisms play key roles in defense function, eupepsia along with catabolism and anabolism, and impact brain-gut responses. The emergence of microbiota with resistance and tolerance to existing conventional drugs and antibiotics has decreased the drug efficacies. Furthermore, the modern biotechnology mediated …

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Tetrahydrocurcumin Ameliorates Free Fatty Acid-Induced Hepatic Steatosis And Improves Insulin Resistance In Hepg2 Cells, J.-W. Chen, Z.-L. Kong, M.-L. Tsai, C.-Y. Lo, C.-T. Ho, C.-S. Lai Jul 2020

Tetrahydrocurcumin Ameliorates Free Fatty Acid-Induced Hepatic Steatosis And Improves Insulin Resistance In Hepg2 Cells, J.-W. Chen, Z.-L. Kong, M.-L. Tsai, C.-Y. Lo, C.-T. Ho, C.-S. Lai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Elevated levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) in the liver, resulting from either increased lipolysis or imbalanced FFAs flux, is a key pathogenic factor of hepatic steatosis. This study was conducted to examine the therapeutic effect of tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), a naturally occurring curcuminoid and a metabolite of curcumin, on oleic acid (OA)-induced steatosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. HepG2 cells were incubated with OA to induce steatosis, and then treated with various concentrations of THC. The results showed that THC treatment significantly decreased lipid accumulation in OA-treated HepG2 cells, possibly, by inhibiting the expression …

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Pyrrole-Protein Adducts – A Biomarker Of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid-Induced Hepatotoxicity, J. Ma, Q. Xia, P.P. Fu, G. Lin Jul 2020

Pyrrole-Protein Adducts – A Biomarker Of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid-Induced Hepatotoxicity, J. Ma, Q. Xia, P.P. Fu, G. Lin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are phytotoxins identified in over 6000 plant species worldwide. Approximately 600 toxic PAs and PA N-oxides have been identified in about 3% flowering plants. PAs can cause toxicities in different organs particularly in the liver. The metabolic activation of PAs is catalyzed by hepatic cytochrome P450 and generates reactive pyrrolic metabolites that bind to cellular proteins to form pyrrole-protein adducts leading to PA-induced hepatotoxicity. The mechanisms that pyrrole-protein adducts induce toxicities have not been fully characterized. Methods for qualitative and quantitative detection of pyrrole-protein adducts have been developed and applied for the clinical diagnosis of PA exposure …

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Recent Progress In Natural Dietary Non-Phenolic Bioactives On Cancers Metastasis, G.-C. Yen, C.-M. Tsai, C.-C. Lu, C.-J. Weng Jul 2020

Recent Progress In Natural Dietary Non-Phenolic Bioactives On Cancers Metastasis, G.-C. Yen, C.-M. Tsai, C.-C. Lu, C.-J. Weng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

From several decades ago to now, cancer continues to be the leading cause of death worldwide, and metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related deaths. For health benefits, there is a great desire to use non-chemical therapy such as nutraceutical supplementation to prevent pathology development. Over 10,000 different natural bioactives or phytochemicals have been known that possessing potential preventive or supplementary effects for various diseases including cancer. Previously, the in vitro and in vivo anti-invasive and anti-metastatic activities of phenolic acids, monophenol, polyphenol and their derivatives and flavonoids and their derivatives have been reviewed. However, a vast number of natural …

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Simultaneous Analysis Of 23 Illegal Adulterated Aphrodisiac Chemical Ingredients In Health Foods And Chinese Traditional Patent Medicines By Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Quadrupole Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry, X.-B. Wang, J. Zheng, J.-J. Li, H.-Y. Yu, Q.-Y. Li, L.-H. Xu, M.-J. Liu, R.-Q. Xian, Y.-E. Sun, B.-J. Liu Jul 2020

Simultaneous Analysis Of 23 Illegal Adulterated Aphrodisiac Chemical Ingredients In Health Foods And Chinese Traditional Patent Medicines By Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Quadrupole Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry, X.-B. Wang, J. Zheng, J.-J. Li, H.-Y. Yu, Q.-Y. Li, L.-H. Xu, M.-J. Liu, R.-Q. Xian, Y.-E. Sun, B.-J. Liu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This paper presents an application of ultra high-performance liquid-chromatography-quadrupole-TOF high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF HRMS) for simultaneous analysis of 23 illegal adulterated aphrodisiac type chemical ingredients in health foods and Chinese Traditional Patent Medicines (CTPMs). The mass spectrometer was operated in Information Dependent Acquisition (IDA) mode, which provides crucial information for the elemental composition analysis, structure elucidation and quantitative analysis simultaneously. Quantitative analysis was performed using the peak areas of the precursor ions in the XICs. The method validation included assessment of selectivity, sensitivity, calibration curve, accuracy, precision, recovery, matrix effect and stability. The results show good linear relationship with …

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Triple-Component Nanocomposite Films Prepared Using A Casting Method: Its Potential In Drug Delivery, S. Gilani, S. Mir, M. Masood, A.K. Khan, R. Rashid, S. Azhar, A. Rasul, M.N. Ashraf, M.K. Waqas, G. Murtaza Jul 2020

Triple-Component Nanocomposite Films Prepared Using A Casting Method: Its Potential In Drug Delivery, S. Gilani, S. Mir, M. Masood, A.K. Khan, R. Rashid, S. Azhar, A. Rasul, M.N. Ashraf, M.K. Waqas, G. Murtaza

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The purpose of this study was to fabricate a triple-component nanocomposite system consisting of chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and drug for assessing the application of chitosan–PEG nanocomposites in drug delivery and also to assess the effect of different molecular weights of PEG on nanocomposite characteristics. The casting/solvent evaporation method was used to prepare chitosan–PEG nanocomposite films incorporating piroxicam-β-cyclodextrin. In order to characterize the morphology and structure of nanocomposites, X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy were used. Drug content uniformity test, swelling studies, water content, erosion studies, dissolution studies, and anti-inflammatory activity were also …

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Simultaneous Quantification Of Eight Organic Acid Components In Artemisia Capillaris Thunb (Yinchen) Extract Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Diode Array Detection And High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, F. Yu, H. Qian, J. Zhang, J. Sun, Z. Ma Jul 2020

Simultaneous Quantification Of Eight Organic Acid Components In Artemisia Capillaris Thunb (Yinchen) Extract Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Diode Array Detection And High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, F. Yu, H. Qian, J. Zhang, J. Sun, Z. Ma

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

We aim to determine the chemical constituents of Yinchen extract and Yinchen herbs using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The method was developed to analyze of eight organic acid components of Yinchen extract (including neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid). The separation was conducted using an Agilent TC-C18 column with acetonitrile – 0.2% formic acid solution as the mobile phases under gradient elution. The analytical method was fully validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, precision, repeatability as well as recovery, and subsequently …

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Modifications Of Atlantic Salmon By-Product Oil For Obtaining Different Ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Concentrates: An Approach To Comparative Analysis, M. Haq, S.-K. Park, M.-J. Kim, Y.-J. Cho, B.-S. Chun Jul 2020

Modifications Of Atlantic Salmon By-Product Oil For Obtaining Different Ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Concentrates: An Approach To Comparative Analysis, M. Haq, S.-K. Park, M.-J. Kim, Y.-J. Cho, B.-S. Chun

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) rich 2-monoacylglycerols (2-MAG), omega-3 polyunsaturated free fatty acids (ω-3 PUFFAs) concentrate, and PUFA enriched acylglycerols were prepared from salmon frame bone oil (SFBO) by enzymatic alcoholysis, urea complexation, and enzymatic esterification, respectively. The yields of 2-MAG, ω-3 PUFFAs concentrate, and PUFA enriched acylglycerols were 40.25, 16.52, and 15.65%, respectively. ω-3 PUFFAs concentrate and PUFA enriched acylglycerols showed darker red color than SFBO and 2-MAG due to aggregation of astaxanthin pigment in ω-3 PUFFAs concentrate during urea complexation. The viscosity and specific gravity of SFBO and PUFA enriched acylglycerols showed similar values whereas 2-MAG and …

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Bioactive Polyphenols In Kinkéliba Tea (Combretum Micranthum) And Their Glucose-Lowering Activities, C. Welch, J. Zhen, E. Bassène, I. Raskin, J.E. Simon, Q. Wu Jul 2020

Bioactive Polyphenols In Kinkéliba Tea (Combretum Micranthum) And Their Glucose-Lowering Activities, C. Welch, J. Zhen, E. Bassène, I. Raskin, J.E. Simon, Q. Wu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Herbal tea kinkéliba prepared from the leaves of Combretum micranthum has been widely consumed in West African countries for its flavor, nutritional and medicinal properties. Under bio-guided screening, the kinkéliba leaves were chemically investigated using various chromatographic and spectrometric methods that led to the identification of thirteen different flavonoid compounds. Further biological tests illustrated that the identified compounds may have synergistic effects to decrease the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) mRNA and glucose production in an H4IIE hepatoma cell line, indicating its potential use for insulin-resistant diabetes treatment. Further in vivo study on C57BL/6J mice indicates that kinkéliba can lower …

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Effect Of Drying Processes On Prenylflavonoid Content And Antioxidant Activity Of Epimedium Koreanum Nakai, Y. Zhao, S. Chen, Y. Wang, C. Lv, J. Wang, J. Lu Jul 2020

Effect Of Drying Processes On Prenylflavonoid Content And Antioxidant Activity Of Epimedium Koreanum Nakai, Y. Zhao, S. Chen, Y. Wang, C. Lv, J. Wang, J. Lu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Epimedium koreanum Nakai is a famous Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of impotence, osteoporosis, immune suppression and cardiovascular diseases. Drying is the most common and fundamental procedure in post-harvest processing of E. koreanum, which contributes to the variations of flavonoid content, especially prenylflavonoids, the bioactive components. In present study, effect of drying processes on flavonoid content and antioxidant activity were investigated. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array detection and electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry methods were employed. Twenty seven compounds were identified and 11 of them, including eight prenylflavonoids and three other types of flavonoids, were …

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Thyme Essential Oils From Spain: Aromatic Profile Ascertained By Gc–Ms, And Their Antioxidant, Anti-Lipoxygenase And Antimicrobial Activities, A.-B. Cutillas, A. Carrasco, R. Martinez-Gutierrez, V. Tomas, J. Tudela Jul 2020

Thyme Essential Oils From Spain: Aromatic Profile Ascertained By Gc–Ms, And Their Antioxidant, Anti-Lipoxygenase And Antimicrobial Activities, A.-B. Cutillas, A. Carrasco, R. Martinez-Gutierrez, V. Tomas, J. Tudela

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Six samples of red thyme (Thymus zygis) and two samples of winter thyme (Thymus hyemalis) essential oils (EOs) were obtained from plants cultivated in south-eastern Spain and extracted by steam distillation. Analysis by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry detection provided the relative (%) and absolute (mM) concentrations. Thymol (30–54%), p-cymene (14–27%) and γ-terpinene (8–28%) were the most abundant components of T. zygis EO, while 1,8-Cineole (3–37%), p-cymene (1–29%), linalool (8–13%) and thymol (0–19%) were the most abundant components in the case of T. hyemalis EO. Enantioselective gas chromatography identified (−)-linalool, (−)-borneol and (+)-limonene as the main enantiomers. Several methods …

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Employing Natural Reagents From Turmeric And Lime For Acetic Acid Determination In Vinegar Sample, S.-A. Supharoek, K. Ponhong, W. Siriangkhawut, K. Grudpan Jul 2020

Employing Natural Reagents From Turmeric And Lime For Acetic Acid Determination In Vinegar Sample, S.-A. Supharoek, K. Ponhong, W. Siriangkhawut, K. Grudpan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A simple, rapid and environmentally friendly sequential injection analysis system employing natural extract reagents was developed for the determination of acetic acid following an acid–base reaction in the presence of an indicator. Powdered lime and turmeric were utilized as the natural base and indicator, respectively. Mixing lime and turmeric produced an orange to reddish-brown color solution which absorbed the maximum wavelength at 455 nm, with absorbance decreasing with increasing acetic acid concentration. Influential parameters including lime and turmeric concentrations, reagent and sample aspirated volumes, mixing coil length and dispensing flow rate were investigated and optimized. A standard calibration graph was …

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Use Of Uhplc-Tripleq With Synthetic Standards To Profile Anti-Inflammatory Hydroxycinnamic Acid Amides In Root Barks And Leaves Of Lycium Barbarum, S. Wang, J.H. Suh, W.-L. Hung, X. Zheng, Y. Wang, C.-T. Ho Jul 2020

Use Of Uhplc-Tripleq With Synthetic Standards To Profile Anti-Inflammatory Hydroxycinnamic Acid Amides In Root Barks And Leaves Of Lycium Barbarum, S. Wang, J.H. Suh, W.-L. Hung, X. Zheng, Y. Wang, C.-T. Ho

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Hydroxycinnamic acid amides (HCAA) are the secondary metabolites ubiquitously exist in flowering plants, formed by condensation between hydroxycinnamates and mono or polyamines. HCAA species not only serve multiple functions in plant growth and development, but also exert significant positive effects on human health. In this study, we combined organic synthesis and UPHLC-TripleQ-MS/MS specifically targeting at HCAA species. The method was fully validated with respect to specificity, linearity, intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), recovery, and reproducibility. We applied this method to identify and quantify HCAAs from the root barks and leaves of …

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Stability-Indicating Spectrofluorimetric Method With Enhanced Sensitivity For Determination Of Vancomycin Hydrochloride In Pharmaceuticals And Spiked Human Plasma: Application To Degradation Kinetics, El-Din M.K. Sharaf, F. Ibrahim, A.K. El-Deen, K. Shimizu Jul 2020

Stability-Indicating Spectrofluorimetric Method With Enhanced Sensitivity For Determination Of Vancomycin Hydrochloride In Pharmaceuticals And Spiked Human Plasma: Application To Degradation Kinetics, El-Din M.K. Sharaf, F. Ibrahim, A.K. El-Deen, K. Shimizu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Based on investigating the relative fluorescence intensity of vancomycin hydrochloride (VCM) in methanol, a simple, highly sensitive, time-saving and specific spectrofluorimetric method was developed and validated. VCM fluorescence was measured at 335 nm when excited at 268 nm. Excellent linearity is obeyed in the concentration range 1–100 ng/mL with a detection limit of 5.94 pg/mL, a quantitation limit of 18.03 pg/mL and a very good correlation coefficient (r = 0.9999). Our method was applied to analyze VCM in pharmaceuticals as well as spiked human plasma. Moreover, VCM stability was studied when exposed to various degradation conditions such as oxidative, alkaline …

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Cytotoxic Protobassic Acid Saponins From The Kernels Of Palaquium Formosanum, H.-Y. Chen, J.-F. Liu, S.-F. Tsai, Y.-L. Lin, S.-S. Lee Jul 2020

Cytotoxic Protobassic Acid Saponins From The Kernels Of Palaquium Formosanum, H.-Y. Chen, J.-F. Liu, S.-F. Tsai, Y.-L. Lin, S.-S. Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Bioassay guided fractionation and separation of the EtOH extract of the kernels of Palaquium formosanum against PC-3 cells via Sephadex LH-20 and reverse phase C-18 columns led to the isolation of 13 protobassic saponins. One of these saponins is new and was characterized as 3‴-O-rhamnopyranosyl-arganin C, a bisdesmoside of 16α-hydroxyprotobassic acid at the C-3 and C-28 positions. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of 1D NMR ( 1 H, 13 C), 2D NMR ( 1 H– 1 H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY), and selectively excited 1D TOCSY spectroscopic analyses and MS data, and comparison with …

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Gallic Acid Inhibits Bladder Cancer Cell Proliferation And Migration Via Regulating Fatty Acid Synthase (Fas), C.-C. Liao, S.-C. Chen, H.-P. Huang, C.-J. Wang Jul 2020

Gallic Acid Inhibits Bladder Cancer Cell Proliferation And Migration Via Regulating Fatty Acid Synthase (Fas), C.-C. Liao, S.-C. Chen, H.-P. Huang, C.-J. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Bladder cancer is known as the world's ninth most prevalent cancer in 2012. New cytotoxic drugs have created considerable progress in the treatment. Gallic acid (GA) has been shown to inhibit carcinogenesis in animal models and various cancer cell lines. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of GA on proliferation and migration inhibition of a bladder cancer cell line. The results showed that GA inhibited fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity and increased ER alpha level of TSGH-8301 bladder cancer cell. GA regulated the cell proliferation via the PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathway. Immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that …

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An Investigation Of The Olive Phenols Activity As A Natural Medicine, F. Gökalp Jul 2020

An Investigation Of The Olive Phenols Activity As A Natural Medicine, F. Gökalp

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The natural antioxidants of olive oil have phenolic structure and their activities are related to the formation of stable derivatives. In this study, the single components of the phenolic fraction of olive oil (1,4-hydroquinone, Semiquinone and 1,4-benzoquinone) have been studied as theoretical by using DFT (Density functional Theory). The behaviors of phenolic compounds of olive against to the alkyl peroxy radicals were investigated. Our data show that 1,4-benzoquinone is the best electron transfer agent in primary metabolic processes to human life. The frontier orbital gap, namely HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital)–LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) gap is the smallest for …

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A Simple And Robust Quantitative Analysis Of Retinol And Retinyl Palmitate Using A Liquid Chromatographic Isocratic Method, S. Yokota, S. Oshio Jul 2020

A Simple And Robust Quantitative Analysis Of Retinol And Retinyl Palmitate Using A Liquid Chromatographic Isocratic Method, S. Yokota, S. Oshio

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Vitamin A is a vital nutritional substances that regulates biological activities including development, but is also associated with disease onset. The extent of vitamin A intake influences the retinoid content in the liver, the most important organ for the storage of vitamin A. Measurement of endogenous retinoid in biological samples is important to understand retinoid homeostasis. Here we present a reliable, highly sensitive, and robust method for the quantification of retinol and retinyl palmitate using a reverse-phase HPLC/UV isocratic method. We determined the impact of chronic dietary vitamin A on retinoid levels in livers of mice fed an AIN-93G semi-purified …

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Antioxidant Activity And Calcium Binding Of Isomeric Hydroxybenzoates, Z. Zhao, M. Vavrusova, L.H. Skibsted Jul 2020

Antioxidant Activity And Calcium Binding Of Isomeric Hydroxybenzoates, Z. Zhao, M. Vavrusova, L.H. Skibsted

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The association constant for calcium binding to hydroxybenzoates in aqueous 0.16 M NaCl at 25 °C was found electrochemically to have the value K ass = 280 mol L −1 with ΔH o = −51 kJ mol −1 , ΔS o = −122 J mol −1 K −1 for the 2-isomer (salicylate), K ass = 7 mol L −1 with ΔH o = −39 kJ mol −1 , ΔS o = −116 J mol −1 K −1 for the 3-isomer, and K ass = 8 mol L −1 with ΔH o = −51 kJ mol −1 , ΔS o = …

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Systematic Study On Active Compounds As Antibacterial And Antibiofilm Agent In Aging Onions, K. Sharma, N. Mahato, Y.R. Lee Jul 2020

Systematic Study On Active Compounds As Antibacterial And Antibiofilm Agent In Aging Onions, K. Sharma, N. Mahato, Y.R. Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Quantitative investigation and systematic studies of quercetin, total phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidants, antibacterial and antibiofilm or antibiofouling properties of methanolic extracts of onions obtained from six different varieties have been carried out to explore their relative merits in terms of biological activities of fresh and aging onions. Total phenolic content in the extracts was examined spectrophotometrically using Folin–Ciocalteau's phenol reagent and total antioxidant activity was studied by FRAP and DPPH methods. In vitro antibacterial activity of the extracts was investigated on Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) respectively, by using a modified Kirby–Bauer disc …

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Compositional Analyses Of White, Brown And Germinated Forms Of Popular Malaysian Rice To Offer Insight Into The Growing Diet-Related Diseases, B. Abubakar, H.M. Yakasai, N. Zawawi, M. Ismail Jul 2020

Compositional Analyses Of White, Brown And Germinated Forms Of Popular Malaysian Rice To Offer Insight Into The Growing Diet-Related Diseases, B. Abubakar, H.M. Yakasai, N. Zawawi, M. Ismail

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Diet-related metabolic diseases, and especially obesity, are metabolic disorders with multifactorial aetiologies. Diet has been a cornerstone in both the aetiology and management of this metabolic disorders. Rice, a staple food for over half of the world's population, could be exploited as part of the solution to check this menace which has been skyrocketing in the last decade. The present study investigated nine forms of rice from three widely grown Malaysian rice cultivars for in vitro and in vivo (glycaemic index and load) properties that could translate clinically into a lower predisposition to diet-related diseases. The germinated brown forms of …

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Effects Of Electrode Gap And Electric Current On Chlorine Generation Of Electrolyzed Deep Ocean Water, G.-S.W. Hsu, S.-Y. Hsu Jul 2020

Effects Of Electrode Gap And Electric Current On Chlorine Generation Of Electrolyzed Deep Ocean Water, G.-S.W. Hsu, S.-Y. Hsu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Electrolyzed water is a sustainable disinfectant, which can comply with food safety regulations and is environmental friendly. A two-factor central composite design was adopted for studying the effects of electrode gap and electric current on chlorine generation efficiency of electrolyzed deep ocean water. Deep ocean water was electrolyzed in a glass electrolyzing cell equipped with platinum-plated titanium anode and cathode in a constant-current operation mode. Results showed that current density, chlorine concentration, and electrolyte temperature increased with electric current, while electric efficiency decreased with electric current and electrode gap. An electrode gap of less than 11.7 mm, and a low …

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Characterization Of Key Aroma-Active Compounds In Lychee (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.), S. Feng, M. Huang, J.H. Crane, Y. Wang Jul 2020

Characterization Of Key Aroma-Active Compounds In Lychee (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.), S. Feng, M. Huang, J.H. Crane, Y. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Volatile compounds in ‘Sweetheart’ lychee were examined using gas chromatography-olfactometry/mass spectrometry (GC-O/MS). Solvent assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) technique was used to identify the aroma-active compounds in lychee. Further characterization of the most important odorants in ‘Sweetheart’ lychee was achieved using aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). Thirty-one key aroma-active odorants were identified in the flavor dilution (FD) factor range of 2–1024. Methional (cooked potato) and geraniol (sweet, floral) exhibited the highest FD factors of 1024 and 512, respectively, these were followed by furaneol (sweet, caramel), nerol (floral, sweet), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) (preserved vegetable, sulfury), linalool (floral), (E,Z)-2,6 nonadienal (cucumber) and nerolidol …

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Hptlc-Fld-Sers As A Facile And Reliable Screening Tool: Exemplarily Shown With Tyramine In Cheese, L. Wang, X.-M. Xu, Y.-S. Chen, J. Ren, Y.-T. Liu Jul 2020

Hptlc-Fld-Sers As A Facile And Reliable Screening Tool: Exemplarily Shown With Tyramine In Cheese, L. Wang, X.-M. Xu, Y.-S. Chen, J. Ren, Y.-T. Liu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The serious cytotoxicity of tyramine attracted marked attention as it induced necrosis of human intestinal cells. This paper presented a novel and facile high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method tailored for screening tyramine in cheese. Separation was performed on glass backed silica gel plates, using methanol/ethyl acetate/ammonia (6/4/1 v/v/v) as the mobile phase. Special efforts were focused on optimizing conditions (substrate preparation, laser wavelength, salt types and concentrations) of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) measurements directly on plates after derivatization, which enabled molecule-specific identification of targeted bands. In parallel, fluorescent densitometry (FLD) scanning at 380

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Water-Soluble Polysaccharides From Ulva Intestinalis: Molecular Properties, Structural Elucidation And Immunomodulatory Activities, M. Tabarsa, S. You, E.H. Dabaghian, U. Surayot Jul 2020

Water-Soluble Polysaccharides From Ulva Intestinalis: Molecular Properties, Structural Elucidation And Immunomodulatory Activities, M. Tabarsa, S. You, E.H. Dabaghian, U. Surayot

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Water-soluble sulfated polysaccharides extracted from Ulva intestinalis and fractionated using DEAE Sepharose fast flow column to identify their molecular properties and macrophage cells stimulating activities. Crude and fractions (F 1 and F 2 ) were formed of neutral sugars (58.7–74.7%), sulfates (6.2–24.5%), uronic acids (4.9–5.9%) and proteins (3.2–10.4%). Different levels of sugar constituents including rhamnose (30.1–39.1%), glucose (39.0–48.4%), galactose (0.0–15.8%), xylose (8.5–11.3) and arabinose (0.0–5.1%). The molecular weight (M w ) of crude and fractionated polysaccharides ranged from 87.1 × 10 3 to 194.1 × 10 3 (g/mol). Crude polysaccharides were not toxic to RAW264.7 cells and fractions induced cell …

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Relative Content Of Gallic Acid Over 5-Galloylquinic Acid As An Index For The Baking Intensity Of Oolong Teas, M.M.-C. Wang, Y. Yeh, Y.-E. Shih, J.T.-C. Tzen Jul 2020

Relative Content Of Gallic Acid Over 5-Galloylquinic Acid As An Index For The Baking Intensity Of Oolong Teas, M.M.-C. Wang, Y. Yeh, Y.-E. Shih, J.T.-C. Tzen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Phenolic compounds in a series of old oolong teas prepared by baking annually were monitored and compared. The results showed that the relative content of gallic acid over 5-galloylquinic acid was subsequently elevated during this preparatory process. To reveal the effect was mainly resulted from baking or aging, two sets of oolong teas were collected and examined; one set was generated from fresh oolong tea via continually daily baking and the other set was composed of aged oolong teas with no or light baking in the storage period. The relative content of gallic acid over 5-galloylquinic acid was observed to …

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Production Of Antioxidant And Ace-Inhibitory Peptides From Kluyveromyces Marxianus Protein Hydrolysates: Purification And Molecular Docking, M. Mirzaei, S. Mirdamadi, M.R. Ehsani, M. Aminlari Jul 2020

Production Of Antioxidant And Ace-Inhibitory Peptides From Kluyveromyces Marxianus Protein Hydrolysates: Purification And Molecular Docking, M. Mirzaei, S. Mirdamadi, M.R. Ehsani, M. Aminlari

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Kluyveromyces marxianus protein hydrolysates were prepared by two different sonicated-enzymatic (trypsin and chymotrypsin) hydrolysis treatments to obtain antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory peptides. Trypsin and chymotrypsin hydrolysates obtained by 5 h, exhibited the highest antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory activities. After fractionation using ultrafiltration and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) techniques, two new peptides were identified. One fragment (LL-9, MW = 1180 Da) with the amino acid sequence of Leu-Pro-Glu-Ser-Val-His-Leu-Asp-Lys showed significant ACE inhibitory activity (IC 50 = 22.88 μM) while another peptide fragment (VL-9, MW = 1118 Da) with the amino acid sequence of Val-Leu-Ser-Thr-Ser-Phe-Pro-Pro-Lys showed the highest antioxidant and ACE …

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