Marine Biology Commons^™

Localized Plankton Blooms And Jubilees On The Gulf Coast, Gordon Gunter, Charles H. Lyles

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The writers describe various small types of plankton blooms such as those occurring in boat slips, the head of a large bayou and a strip type bloom of Chaetoceras on the Gulf beach. Oyster kills from “poison water” draining off of marshes are said to be caused by plankton bloom. Small “jubilees” are said to be caused by localized blooms and one of these is described as it occurred.

First Record Of A Bloom Of Gonyaulax Monilata In Coastal Waters Of Mississippi, Harriet M. Perry, Kenneth C. Stuck, Harold D. Howse

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Data are presented on a bloom of the toxic dinoflagellate Gonyaulax monilata in coastal waters of Florida, Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana. This paper documents the first record of a bloom of this species in Mississippi Sound and adjacent Gulf of Mexico.

Records And Range Extensions Of Mycidacea From Coastal And Shelf Waters Of The Eastern Gulf Of Mexico, Kenneth C. Stuck, Harriet M. Perry, Richard W. Heard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Records of seventeen species of Mysidacea from the Gulf of Mexico are presented. Bowmaniella portoricensis, Pseudomma sp., Siriella thompsonii and Bathymysis renoculata are recorded from the Gulf for the first time. Range extensions within the Gulf are established for Anchialina typica and Mysidopsis furca. Records of Brasilomysis castroi and Mysidopsis almyra from the Atlantic coast of the United States are reported.

A Filamentous Bacterium On The Brine Shrimp And Its Control, Mobashir A. Solangi, Robin M. Overstreet, Ann L. Gannam

Gulf and Caribbean Research

A strain of a colorless, filamentous bacterium (tentatively identified as Leucothrix mucor) heavily infests the brine shrimp, Artemia salina. Its ultrastructure, unlike that of some other strains, does not reveal a distinct middle layer between its outer cell wall layer and cytoplasmic membrane, irregular blebs extending from the cell layers, or an external sheath. An entire infestation, represented as a mat of the bacterium with associated debris and microorganisms, sloughs from the shrimp when exposed to a variety of treatments. Primarily because most effective treatments are toxic to the shrimp, 100 ppm terramycin provides the treatment of choice.

Macrobenthos Of Simmons Bayou And An Adjoining Residential Canal, James T. Mcbee, Walter T. Brehm

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Species composition, abundance and seasonal variations of benthic macroinvertebrates in Simmons Bayou, Mississippi, and an adjoining dead-end canal were investigated from July 1976 through June 1977. Cluster analysis of the data summed over five stations indicated four major time periods: July, August-November, December-February, and March-June. Polychaetes and oligochaetes were most abundant in the winter and spring, amphipods in the summer, and chironomids in the spring. Temporal changes in abundance of polychaetes, oligochaetes, and chironomids appeared to reflect seasonal reproductive cycles. The peak in amphipod density corresponded with dense growths of Ruppia maritima. Within the dead-end canal, poor water quality …

Occurrence Of Microalgae In Southwestern Louisiana Coastal Salt Flats, Robert S. Maples, James C. Watson

Gulf and Caribbean Research

A descriptive analysis of the edaphic algal flora in salt flats along the coastline of southwestern Louisiana is provided. Six salt flats containing the angiosperm Salicornia were surveyed in November 1978, and April 1979, for microalgae. Seven genera of Chrysophycophyta, eleven genera of Cyanochloronta, and eighteen genera of the Chlorophycophyta were found. The most abundant alga was Oscillatoria (sensu Drouet). The most common green alga was Chlorosarcinopsis.

The Relationship Of Sexual Dimorphism And Differential Predation To Sex Ratio In Leptochelia Dubia (Crustacea: Tanaidacea), Joseph Anthony Mendoza

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Leptochelia dubia is a dioecious tube-building tanais, which broods its young and exhibits marked sexual dimorphism. The species is widely distributed in the Pacific, Atlantic, Mediterranean and Indian Oceans, but to date there are no published accounts of its ecology. L. dubia is one of the most abundant of the small Crustacea in Tomales Bay, where it may attain densities of 30,000/m² in soft bottom communities.

Notes On The Genus Probythinella Thiele, 1928 (Gastropoda: Hydrobiidae) In The Coastal Waters Of The Northern Gulf Of Mexico And The Taxonomic Status Of Vioscalba Louisianae Morrison, 1965, Richard W. Heard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The gastropod genus Probythinella Thiele, 1928, is considered a senior synonym of Vioscalba Morrison, 1965. Probythinella louisianae (Morrison, 1965) n. comb. tentatively is recognized as a valid species distinct from the closely related P. lacustris (Baker, 1928) and P. protera Pilsbry, 1953. The eastern range of P. louisianae is extended to Mobile Bay, Alabama. Limited observations on the habitat and reproduction of P. louisianae are reported.

The Effect Of Body Size And Algal Suspension Density On Filtration Rate And Assimilation Efficiency Of Three Marine Mussels, Mytilus Californianus, Mytilus Edulis And Perna Canaliculus With Consideration Of The Growth Of Each Species, Thomas B. Mccormick Iii

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Rates of uptake of organic and inorganic suspended particulate material by suspension feeding bivalve molluscs have been studied since the nineteenth century (see Viallanes, 1892) . Studies have investigated molluscan feeding mechanisms, filtration capabilities, food assimilation and metabolism. The bulk of this work has been directed towards the mussel Mytilus edulis Linnaeus and the oyster Crassostrea virginica Gmelin (see reviews by Galtsoff, 1964; Ali, 1970; Jorgensen, 1975; 1976; and Winter, 1978). More recently the growth of mussels, oysters, clams and scallops has been quantitatively studied in controlled systems to assess the biological potential of these molluscs in an aquaculture setting …

Structure, Function, And Functional Morphology Of Mitra Idae Melvill 1893 And M. Catalinae Dall 1920, Terry L. West

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The morphology of the proboscis--particularly the epiproboscis, the feeding behavior, the function(s) of the epiproboscis, and the functional morphology of the epiproboscis, were studied in Mitra idea Melville and fi. catalinae Dall (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda; Mitridae.

In M. idae, the epiproboscis is an extensible muscular J-shaped rod which curves under the odontophore, and lies parallel to the longitudinal axis of the proboscis. A muscular external sheath encloses that portion of the epiproboscis which lies within the proboscis haemacoel; an invaginated muscular-epithelial internal sheath covers the ventral part of the epiproboscis. The dorsal part of the epiproboscis consists principally of longitudinal muscle; …

A Response Surface Investigation Of The Larval Tolerances Of Three Spionid Polychaetes To Temperature, Salinity And Food Concentration, Alan Louis Hillyard

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Response surface techniques were used to investigate the tolerances of the planktonic larvae of three spionid polychaetes to a variety of temperature and salinity combinations. Two of the spionids were morphologically very similar members of the genus Boccar.dia., B. proboscidea and B. columbiana which occupy nearly identical geographic ranges. The other was Polydora giardi a common coinhabitant with B. columbiana. In addition a third independent parameter, food concentration, was added to the study of B. columbiana and P. giardi.

The larvae of the two Boccardia species were extremely euryhaline, in marked contrast to those of Polydora giardi which were confined …

Animal-Sediment Relationship Study Of The Western Branch Of The Lynnhaven River, Charles Perry Seymour

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The animal-sediment relationships of the marine benthic infauna of an estuarine river system, Lynnhaven River, Virginia Beach, Virginia, were studied at six sites, sampled bimonthly for one year. Six species were found to dominate all of the sampling periods and sites for the year. The greatest number of individuals, biomass, and species were found at the sand sites. Deposit feeders were recorded in greater number than suspension feeders at both the sand and the mud sites.

Cluster and nodal analyses were successful in demonstrating animal-sediment relationships for the intertidal regions of the river system.

Serologic And Hematologic Values Of Bison In Colorado, Edward O. Keith, James Ellis, Robert W. Phillips, Maxine M. Benjamin

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Recent economic and aesthetic interest in North American bison (Bison bison) has lead to increased interstate transport of these animals. Serologic and hematologic standards for bison are needed to detect disease in transported animals as well as within herds. This paper describes variation in blood physiological parameters in bison caused by variations in diet and season. Blood was taken from six bison and analyzed for serologic and hematologic parameters. Significant variation was found in blood urea nitrogen, chloride, cholesterol, creatinine, eosinophil, glucose, hemoglobin, lactic dehydrogenase, leukocyte, packed cell volume, potassium, serum globulin, serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, SGPT, and …

Mercury, Copper, And Zinc In Selected Ichthyofauna Of Lower Chesapeake Bay And Hampton Roads, Virginia, W. Bruce Aitenhead

OES Theses and Dissertations

Anchovys, croaker, spat, summer flounder and hogchokers were collected monthly to seasonally from November 1972 to October 1973 at three locations in the southern Chesapeake Bay region of Virginia.

The concentrations of mercury, copper and zinc were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in whole fishes. Metal concentration varied with species and location. Anchovys had the highest mean concentrations of mercury and zinc while hog- chokers had the highest mean copper concentration. Mercury levels exceeding O.5 ppm were observed in species from all three loca- tions, but maximum heavy metal concentrations per species were highest in Craney Island fishes.

Temporal variations …

The Effect Of Selenium On The Toxicity Of Methyl Mercury In Medaka Embryos, Peter H. Krauth

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of selenium upon methyl mercury poisoning in Medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) embryos. Selenium has been shown to provide a protective mechanism against mercury poisoning in some adult animals. Three experiments were done. In the first, selenium and methyl mercury were put directly in the growing medium of the eggs. In the second experiment, selenium was included in the diet of the parent fish. In the third part, methyl mercury exposure was delayed three days. The results of the first experiment were quite dramatic and showed a significant difference when selenium …

Number 6 (February 1978), W. C. Starnes, L. B. Barnes

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

Status Report on a New and Threatened Species of Phoxinus from the Upper Cumberland Drainage. By W.C. Starnes and L.B. Starnes, plus News Notes, 4 pp.

News Notes, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Status Report On A New And Threatened Species Of Phoxinus From The Upper Cumberland Drainage, Wayne C. Starnes, Lynn B. Starnes

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Fisheries Report No 35 - Fish And Exploited Crustaceans Of The Swan-Canning Estuary, R C.J. Lenanton

Fisheries Research Reports

Fishes of the Swan-Canning estuarine system are typical of those found in other lower west coast estuarine systems of Western Australia. Species representing three families of elasmobranchs, several of which are commercially important, twenty families of teleosts, and two families of crustaceans (Table 1) commonly occur in this estuarine system. The many other species which occur less commonly in the Swan- Canning estuary are mostly members of the additional families listed in Table l.

The information contained in this document was made available for use by the authors of the following two publications : -

Forbes and Fitzkardinge (1977) Swan …

Fisheries Report No 36 - Utilization Of The Bunbury And Geographe Bay Marine Resource By Professional And Amateur Fishermen, Michael H. Walker

Fisheries Research Reports

Utilization of the Bunbury and Geographe Bay marine resource by professional and amateur fishermen was investigated by personal interview, distribution and analysis of research log sheets, and examination of commercial statistics for the area, published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics.

Total professional production for the years 1966/67 - 1974/75 for Geographe Bay varied between 225517 and 1218049 Kg (mean 497175) with a mean annual value to fishermen of $427708. Production for the Bunbury marine area varied between 157666 and 333810 Kg (mean 226526) with a mean value to fishermen of $311008. For the 1975/76 season the total production was …

A Bibliography Of The Rhizocephala (Crustacea: Cirripedia), Adrian R. Lawler, Steven L. Shepard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

A bibliography of parasitic barnacles of the suborder Rhizocephala, including 490 titles, is presented. Scientific works from 1787 to present are listed.

Procedures For Eradication Of Hydrozoan Pests In Closed-System Mysid Culture, Adrian R. Lawler, Steven L. Shepard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

An unidentified species of hydrozoan in the family Eirenidae was inadvertently transported to the Laboratory with a stock of Mysidopsis bahia. The hydrozoan competed for food, ate the young mysids, and subsequently reproduced extensively. Hermit crabs provided minimal control. A detailed transfer procedure for the mysids eliminated the hydrozoans from cultures; hydrozoans were eradicated from tanks after removal of mysids by using 1:1200 formalin, hot water, and Clorox.

Effects Of 1973 Floodwaters On Plankton Populations In Louisiana And Mississippi, Suzanne R. Hawes, Harriet M. Perry

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Studies to assess the impact of floodwater diversion on plankton populations in coastal waters of Mississippi and Louisiana were conducted from 23 April 1973 through 13 July 1973. Fixed stations in Lake Pontchartrain, Lake Borgne and western Mississippi Sound were sampled once in April, twice in May and June, and once in July. Stations in Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana were visited once in May, June and July.

Data are presented on changes in the species composition of zooplankton subsequent to the opening of the Bonnet Card and Morganza floodways. The hydrographic conditions at the time of sampling are discussed.

Food Of The Atlantic Croaker, Micropogonias Undulatus, From Mississippi Sound And The Gulf Of Mexico, Robin M. Overstreet, Richard W. Heard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The diet of the Atlantic croaker from Mississippi Sound has been examined for the first time. Over 83 taxa were encountered, or more than were reported from croaker in any other region. We also found 60 taxa, 36 of which overlapped with the above, in croaker from various offshore stations in the Gulf of Mexico. In Mississippi Sound the frequency of occurrence of items revealed primarily crustaceans followed by polychaetes, molluscs, fishes, and less common items, and, in the open Gulf, molluscs appeared slightly more often than in inshore croaker and than polychaetes in offshore fish. The diets were assessed …

Amphilochidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) From The Western Gulf Of Mexico And Caribbean Sea, L.D. Mckinney

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Two new species of Amphilochus, Amphilochus casahoya and Amphilochus delacaya, and one new species of Gitanopsis, Gitanopsis laguna, are described. Relationships within these genera, particularly Amphilochus, are difficult to determine. The new species, however, are similar to some eastern Pacific forms. One known species, Amphilochus neapolitanus is also reported as occurring in both the Gulf and Caribbean.

Silica And Ash In The Salt Marsh Rush, Juncus Roemerianus, F.C. Lanning, Lionel N. Eleuterius

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Silica content of living rhizomes from the perennial salt marsh rush Juncus roemerianushad values of 0.34, 0.20, and 0.60% of dry weight in three morphologically distinct populations along the Mississippi coast and was directly related to available silica content of the soil (29.7, 17.0, 169.6 mg/100g soil, respectively). On the other hand, living leaves had about the same average silica content (0.93, 0.87, 0.9070 or dry weight). The silica content of living leaves varied from 0.142% in younger leaves to 1.520% in older ones. Similarly, rhizomes also increased in silica content with age, varying from 0.137% in younger portions …

Occurrence Of Mysidopsis Almyra Bowman, M. Bahia Molenock And Bowmaniella Brasiliensis Bacescu (Crustacea, Mysidacea) From The Eastern Coast Of Mexico, W. Wayne Price

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Three species of mysids, Mysidopsis almyra, M. bahia and Bowmaniella brasiliensis are recorded for the first time from four locations along the eastern coast of Mexico. Data on geographical distribution, population structure, length, brood size, and morphological variation are given.

New Hosts For Lymphocystis, Adrian W. Lawler, John T. Ogle, Chad Donnes

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Lymphocystis disease is reported for the first time from the Koran angelfish, Pomacanthus semicirculatus; the Moorish idol, Zanclus canescens; the foureye butterflyfish, Chaetodon capistratus; and the orbiculate bat fish, Platax orbicularis. Also, lymphocystis is reported the second time from the queen angelfish, Holacanthus ciliaris. All hosts are commercially important exotic aquarium fishes.

An Improved, Conceptually Simple Technique For Estimating The Productivity Of Marsh Vascular Flora, Courtney T. Hackney, Olga P. Hackney

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The estimation of the net primary productivity of marsh communities with a periodic maximum-minimum (PMM) technique has certain advantages over the long used maximum-minimum standing stock technique, but still retains the same conceptual simplicity. The final productivity estimate with PMM is based an the entire data set rather than just two points. Direct statistical comparisons between any two communities can be made. An estimate of the productivity by minor species in the community can also be made. The periodic model permits statistical comparisons about other variables in community growth such as the timing of the maximurn standing crop. With certain …

Geographical Definition Of Mississippi Sound, Charles K. Eleuterius

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Boundaries for Mississippi Sound are determined by application of definitions, established surveying practices and observations of the physical processes of the area. U.S. Coast and Gcodetic charts 1266 (1972 edition), 1267 (1972 edition) and 1268 (1974 edition) were used in ascertaining the boundaries. These boundaries provide a formal geographical definition for Mississippi Sound.