Marine Biology Commons^™

Coherence Of Internal Tide Modulations Along The Hawaiian Ridge, Gary T. Mitchum, Stephen M. Chiswell

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Long time series of sea level from tide gauges along the north side of the Hawaiian Ridge and shorter series of dynamic heights inferred from inverted echo sounders moored just north of the main Hawaiian Islands are examined for evidence of internal tides at the M₂ frequency. We find that the amplitudes and phases of the M₂ tidal components have low-frequency variability, which is consistent with a superposition of an internal tide with the larger barotropic tide. Further, the low-frequency variability is correlated with low-frequency changes in the depth of the pycnocline, which suggests a simple physical mechanism …

Fisheries Research Report No. 123 - Review Of Productivity Levels Of Western Australian Coastal And Estuarine Waters For Mariculture Planning Purposes, Alan Pearce, Stuart Helleren, Mark Marinelli, Fisheries Western Australia

Fisheries Research Reports

The measurement of chlorophyll-a (a simple estimate of phytoplankton biomass) is often used as an indicator of water quality. Chlorophyll measurements are relatively sparse for most of the Western Australian continental shelf, although there are areas such as the Perth metropolitan coastal zone, Wilson Inlet and the Albany harbours where some intensive studies have been undertaken.

This review of both published and unpublished chlorophyll concentrations in Western Australian waters has shown a high degree of variability in space (both horizontally and vertically) and time, and statistics on the seasonal distribution of chlorophyll have been derived for those regions with sufficient …

Fisheries Research Report No. 124 - The Evaluation Of A Recreational Fishing Stock Enhancement Trial Of Black Bream (Acanthopagrus Butcheri) In The Swan River, Western Australia, C J. Dibden, G. Jenkins, Gavin A. Sarre, R C J Lenanton, Suzanne G. Ayvazian

Fisheries Research Reports

During 1995, a study was undertaken to monitor and evaluate the recovery of Swan River black bream stock which had been supplemented with fish produced from a captive-breeding program. Fish were individually tagged and subsequently released into the Swan River. The objectives of the study were (a) to determine both the survival and the growth rate to a size at which hatchery-reared fish could enter the recreational fishery and (b) whether they could then be caught by the recreational fishers. Of the 767 fish released into the upper Swan River on 28 March 1995, 97 fish (12.6%) were recaptured to …

Ichthyofauna And Biogeography Of Russell Fork (Big Sandy River - Ohio River), Steven L. Powers, Patrick A. Ceas

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Regional Southeastern Fishes Council Reports, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Front Matter, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Minutes, Business Meeting, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Number 41 (November 2000), Southern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

(November 2000) - Ichthyofauna and biogeography of Russell Fork (Big Sandy River - Ohio River). By Steven L. Powers and Patrick A. Ceas

Minutes, Business Meeting, 25th Annual Meeting, Southeastern Fishes Council Regional Southeastern Fishes Council Reports

Modifications Of The C37 Alkenone And Alkenoate Composition In The Water Column And Sediment: Possible Implications For Sea Surface Temperature Estimates In Paleoceanography, Joan O. Grimalt, Jürgen Rullkötter, Marie-Alexandrine Sicre, Roger Summons, John Farrington, H. Rodger Harvey, Miguel Goñi, Ken Sawada

OES Faculty Publications

The literature pertaining to C37 alkenone and C37 and C38 alkenoate production and diagenesis has been reviewed and evaluated for issues that might jeopardize their usefulness in paleotemperature estimation. We also examined the use of the C37 alkenones as paleoproductivity indicators, the stability of their δ13C isotopic compositions, and their incorporation into the nonsolvent extractable organic matter fraction. Biological transformation of organic matter by bacteria and zooplankton does not appear to cause significant changes to the ratio of C37:2 and C37:3 alkenones, but there are major alterations in the relative composition of alkenoates. Studies of water column processes and postdepositional …

Effects Of Blood Extraction On The Mortality Of The Horseshoe Crab, Limulus Polyphemus, Elizabeth A. Walls, Jim Berkson

Virginia Journal of Science

Horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) are bled by biomedical companies for the extraction of Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL), a clotting agent used in the detection of endotoxins. In 1998, the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission mandated that all biomedical companies collecting horseshoe crabs for the production of LAL study the horseshoe crab mortality rates resulting from the company's blood extraction process. BioWhittaker, a Cambrex Company is one of the largest producers of LAL in the world. During the summer of 1999, bled and unbled horseshoe crabs were transported from BioWhittaker's bleeding facility in Chincoteague, Virginia to the Virginia Seafood …

Multiple Spatial Scale Assessment Of Coral Reef And Hard-Bottom Community Structure In The Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Steven Miller, Dione W. Swanson, Mark Chiappone

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures

The zoning plan for the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS) established 23 relatively small no-fishing zones distributed mostly along the offshore reef tract in 1997. In 1999, a two-stage, stratified random sampling design based on the proportion of coral reef and hard-bottom types within the FKNMS was conducted. Our study focused on differences in coverage, density, and condition of benthic organisms with respect to habitat type, regional variations, and differences between no-fishing zones and reference sites at 80 locations spanning 200 km. Most variables exhibited significant spatial differences by habitat type or between individual no-fishing zones and reference sites …

Fall 2000, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Orbitally Induced Climate And Geochemical Variability Across The Oligocene/Miocene Boundary, Hilary A. Paul, James C. Zachos, Benjamin P. Flower, Aradhna Tripati

Marine Science Faculty Publications

To assess the influence of orbital-scale variations on late Oligocene to early Miocene climate and ocean chemistry, high-resolution (similar to 5 kyr) benthic foraminiferal carbon and oxygen isotope and percent coarse fraction time series were constructed for Ocean Drilling Program site 929 on Ceara Rise in the western equatorial Atlantic. These time series exhibit pervasive low- to high-frequency variability across a 5-Myr interval (20.5-25.4 Ma). The records also reveal several large-scale secular variations including two positive (similar to 1.6 parts per thousand) oxygen isotope excursions at 22.95 and 21.1 Ma, suggestive of large but brief glacial maxima (Mi-l and Mi-la …

Biological And Physical Observations On Larval Spot (Leiostomus Xanthurus) Recruiting To Oregon And Ocracoke Inlets North Carolina, Thomas R. Wasaff

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Patterns of abundance, length, age, and growth of larval spot (Leiostomus xanthurus) were compared to assess the variability between spot larvae ingressing to two North Carolina inlets. The source of variability for the recruitment of larval fishes to estuarine nurseries has been linked to environmental stochasticity. Wind data and seasurface temperature satellite images were analyzed as two influential environmental variables that may help explain recruitment variability. As part of the South Atlantic Bight Recruitment Experiment (SABRE), spot larvae were collected between October 1994 and April 1995 as they recruited to Pamlico Sound through Oregon Inlet, located north of Cape Hatteras, …

North Atlantic Intermediate To Deep Water Circulation And Chemical Stratification During The Past 1 Myr, Benjamin P. Flower, D. W. Oppo, J. F. Mcmanus, K. A. Venz, D. A. Hodell, J. L. Cullen

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Benthic foraminiferal carbon isotope records from a suite of drill sites in the North Atlantic are used to trace variations in the relative strengths of Lower North Atlantic Deep Water (LNADW), Upper North Atlantic Deep Water (UNADW), and Southern Ocean Water (SOW) over the past 1 Myr. During glacial intervals, significant increases in intermediate-to-deep delta(13)C gradients (commonly reaching >1.2 parts per thousand) are consistent with changes in deep water circulation and associated chemical stratification. Bathymetric delta(13)C gradients covary with benthic foraminiferal delta(18)O and covary inversely with Vostok CO2, in agreement with chemical stratification as a driver of atmospheric CO2 changes. …

The Influence Of The Pressure Head On The Indonesian Seas Circulation, William H. Burnett, Vladimir M. Kamenkovich, George L. Mellor, Arnold L. Gordon

Faculty Publications

A high resolution, regional, non-linear, barotropic ocean model (2D POM) was used to show that a pressure difference between the Pacific and Indian Ocean does not significantly influence the total transport of the Indonesian throughflow.

Burrow Morphology And Behavior Of The Mud Shrimp Upogebia Omissa (Decapoda: Thalassinidea: Upogebiidae), Vania Rodrigues Coelho, Roland Arthur Cooper, Sergio De Almeida Rodrigues

Collected Faculty Scholarship

The burrow morphology, burrowing behavior and feeding mechanisms of the thalassinidean shrimp Upogebia omissa were studied. Twenty burrow casts were made in situ with epoxy resin, and an overall 'Y' shape was most frequently observed. Several burrows consisted of a single, oblique tunnel; burrow diameter was positively correlated with burrow length, maximum depth and distance between openings. Additionally, burrow length was positively associated with maximum depth, indicating that as burrow length increased burrow depth increased; i.e. burrows spread vertically rather than horizontally. Total sediment displacement by the burrows accounted for 2.6 % of sediment to a depth of 30 cm. …

Long-Term Pyrene Exposure Of Grass Shrimp, Palaemonetes Pugio, Affects Molting And Reproduction Of Exposed Males And Offspring Of Exposed Females, Eva Oberdörster, Marius Brouwer, Thea Hoexum-Brouwer, Steve Manning, John A. Mclachlan

Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of long-term pyrene exposure on molting and reproduction in the model estuarine invertebrate, the grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio). Grass shrimp were exposed to measured concentrations of 5.1, 15.0, and 63.4 ppb (mu g/L) pyrene for 6 weeks, during which time we determined molting and survivorship. At the end of the exposure, we immediately sacrificed some of the shrimp for biomarker (CYP1A and vitellin) analyses. The remaining shrimp were used to analyze fecundity and embryo survivorship during an additional 6 weeks after termination of pyrene exposure. Male shrimp at the highest …

Comparative Systematics Of Subterranean Amphipod Crustaceans In The Families Crangonyctidae And Bogidiellidae, Stefan Koenemann

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The research project presented in this doctoral dissertation deals with the systematics of two different taxonomic groups of subterranean amphipods (Crustacea). Therefore, rather than being a single project, this study is divided into several sub-projects. Altogether, the chapters for the sub-projects are composed of five publications. An introductory chapter and a summarizing discussion are added to provide a structural unit for the collection of papers and to compare the results of the individual projects.

The thesis investigates the systematics of the amphipod families Bogidiellidae Hertzog, 1936, and Crangonyctidae Bousfield, 1973. Based on descriptive taxonomy according to modern standards, revisions are …

Near-Surface Phytoplankton Distribution In The Western Intra-Americas Sea: The Influence Of El Niño And Weather Events, Nelson M. Gonzalez, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Sergio Cerdeira Estrada, Roberto Perez De Los Reyes, Ivan Victora Del Rio, Pedro Cardenas Perez, Ida Mitrani Arenal

Marine Science Faculty Publications

The space-rime variation of phytoplankton pigments in the western Intra-Americas Sea (IAS), in the vicinity of the island of Cuba, is examined using digital images obtained with the Coastal Zone Color Scanner sensor flown aboard the Nimbus 7 satellite from 1978 to 1986. The results are compared to historical in situ hydrographic observations. A marked seasonality in pigment concentration was observed in waters around Cuba, with an average of 0.07 mg m(-3) in summer (April-September) and 0.13 mg m-3 during winter (October-March). The range of variation in pigment concentration was larger in the Gulf of Mexico relative to the western …

Modified Phase Contrast Microscopy And Its Applications To The Observation Of Marine Biological Objects, Ming Chang Shih, Jiang-Shiou Hwang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

We demonstrate the imaging technique for the study of marine micro-biota (e.g. size ranged from um to cm) by modifying the Fourier optics with a near IR illuminating source to improve the contrast of the high spatial frequency images and to reveal the micro-structure of the observed biological object. We also present the application of this system to the study of swimming behavior of the Artemia in free space, and the detailed structure of the spines and podia of the sea urchin. The imaging system is consisted of a collimated laser beam, a high pass Fourier optics transform system, a …

Form Ia Rbcl Transcripts Associated With A Low Salinity/High Chlorophyll Plume ('Green River') In The Eastern Gulf Of Mexico, John H. Paul, Albin Alfreider, Jordan B. Kang, Roger A. Stokes, Dale Griffin, Lisa Campbell, Erla Ornolfsdottir

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Coastal plumes of low salinity water that extend hundreds of kilometers offshore into oligotrophic waters are often found in the Gulf of Mexico. To characterize one such feature, a series of photoautotrophic activity and biomass parameters were measured at 2 stations in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, including pigments by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), autotrophic picoplankton abundance by flow cytometry, photoautotrophic ¹⁴C-HCO₃^- fixation, and Ribulose-1,5-diphosphate carboxylase large subunit gene (rbcL) transcriptional activity. One sampling site (Stn 4) was in a 15 m deep, low salinity (29.8 ppt) plume 242 km west of Tampa Bay. …

A Taxonomic Evaluation Of The Comatulid Genus Stephanometra (Echinodermata:Crinoidea), Dana Lin Rankin

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

Several genera in the comatulid family Mariametridae are currently ambiguously distinguished on the basis of variations in length and robustness of oral pinnules. Previous descriptions have suggested that at least the genera Stephanometra and Lamprometra are imperfectly distinguishable. A detailed re-examination of morphology coupled with principal component analyses of morphometric data and cladistic analyses provide support for a monophyletic Stephanometra distinct from Lamprometra. A preliminary morphological analysis suggests that Dichrometra and Liparometra should be synonymized with Lamprometra. The six currently recognized species of Stephanometra uniquely share at least one pair of oral pinnules characterized by enlarged size, reduced ambulacral groove …

An Upwelling Case Study On Florida's West Coast, Robert H. Weisberg, Bryan D. Black, Zhenjiang Li

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Using a combination of satellite sea surface temperature imagery; in situ currents, temperature, and sea level data; and a numerical circulation model, we describe an upwelling event observed along Florida's west coast. Although ubiquitous features of continental shelves, descriptions of coastal upwellings (or downwellings) are generally complicated by the continuum of processes in which they occur. For the case study presented the winds were light, and the baroclinic background currents were steady for several days prior to the event. These conditions allow the evolution of a specific wind-driven upwelling event to be viewed as an initial value problem. The data …

Fisheries Research Report No. 121 - Synopsis Of The Biology And Exploitation Of The Blue Swimmer Crab, Portunus Pelagicus Linnaeus, In Western Australia, Mervi I. Kangas

Fisheries Research Reports

This report summarises the existing studies which have provided information on the biology, population characteristics and exploitation of the blue swimmer crab, Portunus pelagicus, in Western Australia. Gaps in the existing knowledge are also highlighted to assist in targeting new research initiatives. Portunus pelagicus matures at about one year and in temperate regions females mate only once a year. This is because mature crabs moult only once a year. It appears from studies to date that Western Australian crabs are one genetic population. This is being further investigated. Migration of the blue swimmer crab occurs between estuaries and the ocean …

Turbidite Megabeds In An Oceanic Rift Valley Recording Jokulhlaups Of Late Pleistocene Glacial Lakes Of The Western United States, G.G. Zuffa, W.R. Normark, F. Serra, Charlotte A. Brunner

Faculty Publications

Escanaba Trough is the southernmost segment of the Gorda Ridge and is filled by sandy turbidites locally exceeding 500 m in thickness. New results from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites 1037 and 1038 that include accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) C-14 dates and revised petrographic evaluation of the sediment provenance, combined with high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, provide a lithostratigraphic framework for the turbidite deposits. Three fining-upward units of sandy turbidites from the upper 365 m at ODP Site 1037 can be correlated with sediment recovered at ODP Site 1038 and Deep Sea Drilling Program (DSDP) Site 35. Six AMS C-14 ages in …

William Bartram's Early Observation Of Nest Association Between Cyprinid Fishes, Philip A. Cochran

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Front Matter, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Number 40 (May 2000), Southern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

(May 2000) - Survey of fishes in the southern tributaries of the South Bend of the Tennessee River with notes on Wheeler, Wilson, and Pickwick Reservoirs. By E.B. Dale Jones III

William Bartram's early observation of a nest association between cyprinid fishes. By Philip A. Cochran.

Survey Of Fishes In The Southern Tributaries Of The South Bend Of The Tennessee River With Notes On Wheeler, Wilson, And Pickwick Reservoirs, E.B. Dale Jones Iii

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.