Marine Biology Commons^™

The Effects Of Weathered Crude Oil From The M/T Alvenus Spill On Eggs And Yolk-Sac Larvae Of Red Drum (Sciaenops Ocellatus), George J. Guillen, Dennis Palafox

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The Biitish tanker M/T ALVENUS ran aground 16.1 km south of Cameron, Louisiana, on 30 July 1984. An estimated 10,157 MT of Venezuelan crude oil were spilled into the Gulf of Mexico. Approximately 2,700 MT of the heavy viscous oil impacted beaches and an additional 1,360 MT remained in the subtidal areas of west Galveston Island, about 160 km southwest of the accident site. Red drum, which spawn in the Gulf of Mexico in the fall, could have been seriously impacted by oil concentrations potentially lethal to eggs or larvae. The impact of weathered crude oil on the survival, growth, …

Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracardia) Of The Gulf Of Mexico. Iv. On Nototanoides Trifurcatus Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov., With A Key To The Genera Of The Nototanaidae, Jurgen Sieg, Richard W. Heard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Nototanoides trifurcatus gen. nov., sp. nov. is described and illustrated from the Gulf of Mexico. Nototanoides differs from the other genera of the family by the male possessing a vestigial maxilliped. It most closely resembles the genera Nototanais and Androtanais. In addition to the differences of the maxillipeds the males of Nototanoides can be separated by the 4-segmented antenna 1 and the females are distinguished by the trifurcate spine on the second segment of the palp of the maxilliped. A key to known genera of the family Nototanaidae is presented.

A Survey Of Population Characteristics For Red Drum And Spotted Seatrout In Louisiana, John M. Wakeman, Paul R. Ramsey

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Red drum and spatted seatrout stocks were sampled from seven separate study areas along the Louisiana coast and from one estuarine area in Texas, with additional intensive temporal (monthly) and microgeographic (range of salinity regimes) samplings being carried out in one Louisiana study area. Condition coefficients, which did not appear to be affected by salinity regimes within the microgeographic sampling area, varied significantly according to study area, with Texas fish showing significantly lower condition coefficients than Louisiana fish. Van Bertalanffy growth equations were fitted and annual mortality rates were estimated to obtain preliminary estimates of yields, population numbers, and densities …

Metabolic Activity Of The Epiphytic Community Associated With Spartina Alterniflora, Wilmer C. Stowe, James G. Gosselink

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Primary production and respiration rates were determined for two epiphytic communities associated with Spartina alternifloraLoisel., in the southwestern Barataria Bay area of Louisiana. The communities studied were: (1) a shoreline community and (2) a community 1.5 meters inland from the shoreline site. Annual mean net production and respiration rates for the shoreline community were 25.8 and -19.6 mg C • (m² substrate area)^-1 • h^-1 respectively;whereas the inland community showed corresponding rates of -3.3 and -12.5 mg C • (m² substrate area)^-1 • h^-1, respectively. Thus, the shoreline community was a net …

Spatial Influences On Temporal Variations In Leaf Growth And Chemical Composition Of Thalassia Testudinum Banks Ex König In Tampa Bay, Florida, Michael J. Durako, Mark D. Moffler

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The importance of spatial influences on seasonal fluctuations in Thalassia testudinum leaf blade lengths and chemical constituents was demonstrated. Differences between samples from fringe and mid-bed for several constituents were significant and, if not accounted for, could affect the measurement of apparent seasonal cycles. Fringe-shoots, reflecting the influence of more intense grazing activity, had shorter leaf blade lengths, lower dry weights and carbohydrate levels, and higher protein levels than mid-bed shoots. Mid-bed rhizomes and roots had highest protein and ash levels reflecting possible sediment influence. Percent ash and protein in the rhizomes, and percent carbohydrate in the roots exhibited seasonal …

Testis-Ova In Spawning Blue Tilapia, Oreochromis Aureus, B. Clark, H.J. Grier

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Hermaphroditism characterized by the presence of oocytes in the testes is described in the blue tilapia, Oreochromis aureus, for the first time. Testis-ova were observed in three of 24 spawning males exhibiting otherwise normal male morphology. The testis-ova appeared non-vitellogenic and lacked a follicle cell layer. It is speculated that the testis-ova did not become vitellogenic due to their association with Sertoli cells and the hormonal environment of the male.

Ontogenetic Change In Phototactic Responses Of Surface And Cave Populations Of Astyanax Fasciatus (Pisces: Characidae), Aldemaro Romero Jr.

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Morphological Variation Accompanying Cave Evolution In Astyanax Fasciatus (Pisces: Characidae), Aldemaro Romero Jr.

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Pirañas Imposibles, Aldemaro Romero Jr.

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Soil Characteristics Of Four Juncus Roemerianus Populations In Mississippi, Lionel N. Eleuterius, John D. Caldwell

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The physical and chemical characteristics of soil from four widely separated Juncus roemerianus populations in Mississippi tidal marshes are determined. The J. roemerianus populations studied are located in Grand Bayou, Salt Flats, Weeks Bayou,and Belle Fantaine marshes. Organic matter, pH, CEC, N, P, K, Ca, S, Mg, and Zn analyses are based on composite soil samples. The percentage of sand, silt, and clay of the marsh soils is determined along with soil water content from the four locations. Statistical analysis indicates which marshes are different for each soil characteristic tested. No appreciable amounts of organic matter are present in the …

Nearshore Foodwebs And The Distribution Of Acanthocephalan Parasites In Antarctic Seabirds, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Field studies, in the vicinity of Palmer Station during the austral summer of 1982— 1983, yielded an extensive collection of acanthocephalans and other parasites from seabirds, fish and invertebrates. The continuing analysis of this material has resulted in the elucidation of factors that control the occurrence of Corynosoma spp. in Antarctic seabirds. Notably, the host-distribution of Corynosoma spp. suggested that these parasites were being acquired from piscine or possibly amphipod prey, generally in nearshore habitats.

Fisheries Report No 71 - An Investigation Of The Mortality Of The Pearl Oyster, Pinctada Maxima, In Western Australia, Rand Dybdahl, David A. Pass

Fisheries Research Reports

A three year investigation into the cause of abnormally high mortality rates of the pearl oyster, Pinctada maxima, on the cultured pearl industry's lease sites in the North West of Western Australia was completed on 30 June 71983. The objective of this study was to determine environmental, physiological and pathological factors predisposing farm oysters to excessive Levels of mortality and, if possible, make recommendations to alleviate this problem.

As mass mortalities may have complex causes, complementary field and laboratory studies were instigated. The culture industry's method of collection, transportation and farm husbandry were examined. Environmental parameters were monitored. Various empirical …

Soil Characteristics Of Spartina Alterniflora, Spartina Patens, Juncus Roemerianus, Scirpus Olneyi, And Distichlis Spicata Populations At One Locality In Mississippi, Lionel N. Eleuterius, John D. Caldwell

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Soil characteristics from five adjacent monotypic zones or different populations of tidal marsh plants are determined. Populations of Spartina alterniflora, Spartina patens, Juncus roemerianus, Scirpus olneyi, and Distichlis spicata located in Graveline Bay marsh, Mississippi, are studied. Slight elevational differences between the plant populations exist. The aerial biomass for each plant population is different based on seasonal determinations. Soil pH, organic matter, N, P, K, S, Zn, Ca, and Mg concentrations are based on analyses of seasonal composite soil samples. Analyses of soil water samples are used to determine water content, salinity, PO₄, and …

Notes On Barnacles (Cirripedia: Thoracica) From The Gulf Of Mexico, Stephen R. Gittings

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Examination of several collections of barnacles from the northern and western Gulf of Mexico made over the last 30 years has improved our knowledge of the distributions of several taxa previously considered to be absent or rare in those regions. Conchoderma auritum (Linnaeus) and Heteralepas sp. aff. cornuta (Darwin) are recorded for the first time from the Gulf of Mexico. Conchoderma auritum, Conchoderma virgatum (Spengler), Heteralepas cornuta (Darwin), Balanus trigonus (Darwin), Balanus venustus Darwin, and Balanus amphitrite amphitrite Darwin have broad distributions outside the Gulf of Mexico. Tetraclita stalactifera stalactifera (Lamarck) is abundant in the intertidal zones of the …

Yield-Per-Recruit Of Spotted Seatrout, Richard E. Condrey, Gerald Adkins, Michael W. Wascom

Gulf and Caribbean Research

A von Bertalanffy growth curve,

L = 65.47 cm (1 - e^{-.2005 (t + .4113 yr)}),

is derived from published data on spotted seatrout in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico and used in constructing a yield-per-recruit contour. Maximum yield-per-recruit is approached as F increases above 1 and age of first entry approaches 3.9 years (14.9 in., 1.1 lb). A linear regression is derived relating average size of capture to gill net mesh size (MS in inches),

L = 1.97 in. + 8.63 MS,

and used along with legal sizes of first harvest to evaluate the impact of current …

Microbial Manganese Reduction By Enrichment Cultures From Coastal Marine Sediments, David J. Burdige, Kenneth H. Nealson

OES Faculty Publications

Manganese reduction was catalyzed by enrichment cultures of anaerobic bacteria obtained from coastal marine sediments. In the absence of oxygen, these enrichment cultures reduced manganates when grown on either lactate, succinate, or acetate in both sulfate-free and sulfate-containing artificial seawaters. Sodium azide as well as oxygen completely inhibited microbial manganese reduction by these enrichment cultures, whereas molybdate had no effect on them. The addition of nitrate to the medium slightly decreased the rate of Mn²⁺ production by these enrichment cultures. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the manganese-reducing organisms in these enrichment cultures use manganates as terminal …

Factors Influencing The Degree Of Saturation Of The Surface And Intermediate Waters Of The North Pacific Ocean With Respect To Aragonite, Richard A. Feely, Robert H. Byrne, Peter R. Betzer, James F. Gendron, James G. Acker

Marine Science Faculty Publications

New carbonate chemistry data obtained during a 1982 cruise have been combined with earlier GE‐OSECS and INDOPAC data to determine the degree of aragonite saturation of surface and intermediate waters of the North Pacific. Large gradients in saturation state occur in the region of the Subarctic Front in the north‐south direction and across the Subtropical Gyre in the east‐west direction. These gradients are primarily due to the extensive mixing that occurs in the intermediate waters of the western North Pacific. The major variations in saturation state were primarily related to the carbonate ion concentration, which, in turn, is primarily a …

Number 16 (November 1986), Southern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

Biology and Conservation of the Slackwater Darter, Etheostoma boschungi (Pisces: Percidae). By H.T. Boschung and D. Nieland, 4 pp.

Fishes of the North Fork Holston River System, Virginia and Tennessee. By J.C. Feeman, 7 pp.

Fishes of the North Fork Holston River System, Virginia and Tennessee. By J.C. Feeman, 7 pp.

Reintroduction of an Undescribed Species of Elassoma into Pryor Branch, Limestone County, Alabama. By M.F. Mettee and J.J. Pulliam, 2 pp., plus News Notes.

Biology And Conservation Of The Slackwater Darter, Etheostoma Boschungi (Pisces: Percidae), Herbert T. Boschung, David Nieland

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Reintroduction Of An Undescribed Species Of Elassoma Into Pryor Branch, Limestone County, Alabama, Maurice F. Mettee, John J. Pulliam Jr.

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Fishes Of The North Fork Holston River System, Virginia And Tennessee, Joe C. Feeman Jr.

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Fishes Of The Buttahatchee River System Of Alabama And Mississippi, J. Malcom Pierson, C. A. Schultz, Herbert T. Boschung

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of X-Irradiation On The Metamorphosis And Budding Of Aurelia Aurita, Michael John Prokopchak

OES Theses and Dissertations

With the aid of the Aurelia Metamorphosis Test System, the acute or subtle morphological and behavioral effects of irradiation on the Norfolk Aurelia aurita were described and the sensitivity to X-irradiation of those organisms receiving thyroxine and those not receiving thyroxine was compared. Levels of radiation were 0 (control), 5,000, 10,000, 15,000, 20,000 and 40,000 rads. Morphology of the ephyrae, statolith and rhopalia numbers were recorded using the light microscope, Developmental abnormalities of the scyphistomae and ephyrae were recorded with the scanning electron microscope and light microscope. Two major findings from this investigation were the absence of rhopalia and statoliths …

A Report On The Fishes Of Bull Mountain Creek, With Comments On The Status Of Rare Species, Malcom Pierson, C. A. Schultz

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Fishes Of The Middle Fork Of The Kentucky River, Kentucky, Branley A. Branson, Donald L. Batch

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

A Survey Of Fish Communities Of Streams In Coal Surface Mining Areas Of The Cumberland Plateau, Tennessee, Christopher J. O'Bara, R. Don Estes

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Recent Collections Of Fishes From The Big South Fork Of The Cumberland River System, Tennessee And Kentucky, Christopher J. O'Bara, R. Don Estes

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Number 15 (August 1984), Southern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

A Report on the Fishes of Bull Mountain Creek, with Comments on the Status of Rare Species. By M. Pierson and C.A. Schultz, 3 pp.

Fishes of the Middle Fork of the Kentucky River, Kentucky. By B.A. Branson and D.L. Batch, 7 pp.

A Survey of Fish Communities of Streams in Coal Surface Mining Areas of the Cumberland Plateau, Tennessee. By C.J. O'Bara and R.D. Estes, 4 pp.

Recent Collections of Fishes from the Big South Fork of the Cumberland River System, Tennessee and Kentucky. By C.J. O'Bara and R.D. Estes, 5 pp.

Winds Over Water: A Bibliography, Janet M. Witte

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

This bibliography was compiled as an outgrowth of the Satellite Surface Stress (S3) Working Group, which was sponsored by NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center and NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) from the fall of 1982 to the spring of 1984 (Contracts NAS5-26714 and 956773). I wish to thank the Working Group Chairman, Dr. James J. O'Brien, for providing me with the impetus to compile this work. I also wish to thank the other members of the Working Group for adding their moral support (as well as many of the references).

The Spatial And Temporal Distribution Of The Larvae Of Sympatric Pagurid Hermit Crabs (Decapoda, Anomura) In Virginian Estaurine And Coastal Waters, Philip Wesley Sadler

OES Theses and Dissertations

Thirteen stations were occupied at two - week intervals from May through September 1980 within the York River, lower Chesapeake Bay depths encompassing the entire water column.

Three species of pagurids were identified: Pagurus longicarpus, P. pollicaris, and P. annulipes. The larvae of P. annulipes had not been previously identified from Virginian waters. The shapes of the antennae of P. pollicaris and P. annulipes weredistinctive, allowing rapid identification of these larvae. The shapes of the uropods were found to be useful in distinguishingthe glaucothoe· of P. longicarpus from P. annulipes. The larvae of these species …