Marine Biology Commons^™

Sediment Denitrification Potential In The Elizabeth River, Virginia, Surena Fazeli-Matin, Andrew S. Gordon, Harold G. Marshall

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Sediment denitrification potential from two sites in the Elizabeth River estuary was studied over a nine-month period using the acetylene blockage method. Rates of microbial processes in this environment are of interest because of the high concentration of toxics present in some parts of the system. Highest rates were found in the highly polluted Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River with nitrate amended sediment ranging from 2-262 nmol N₂0/h per 20ml of sediment and exhibiting maximal rates during spring and fall. Rates in the Main Stem of the Elizabeth River were lower, with less than 1-85 nmol N …

Observations Of The Phytoplankton Standing Crop At The Shelf Margin Of The Mid Atlantic Bight, Bruce B. Wagoner, Harold G. Marshall

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

A comparison of the total percentage cell abundance and cell biovolume relationships of major phytoplankton categories was made between two station sets across the shelf margin. Diatom values for abundance and biovolume were greater at oceanic stations compared to the outer shelf stations, with dinoflagellates having the reverse pattern. The composite contributions to biovolume and abundance in the standing crop from other phytoplankton categories were greater over the outer shelf than beyond the shelf margin. The major source of biovolume (biomass) from the outer shelf and these oceanic stations came from the diatoms and dinoflagellates, with an average mean of …

Studies On The Crustacea Of The Turks And Caicos Islands, British West Indies. Ii. Armadilloniscus Steptus, N. Sp. (Isopoda: Oniscidea: Scyphacidae) From Pine Cay, Marilyn Schotte, Richard W. Heard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Armadilloniscus steptus, n. sp., the second species of this genus from the Caribbean Sea, is described and distinguished from the other five species from the New World. The new species, collected from the upper intertidal zone on Pine Cay, Turks and Caicos Islands, differs from A. coronacapitalis, A. ellipticus, A. holmesi, A. lindahli, and A. ninae by the greater degree of tuberculation of the integument, smaller size at maturity, and sexual dimorphism in the structure of the pleon.

Studies On The Crustacea Of The Turks And Caicos Islands, British West Indies I. Four New Marine Isopod Crustaceans From The Vicinity Of Pine Cay, Brian Kensley, Richard W. Heard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Four undescribed species of shallow-water marine isopods were recently collected in the vicinity of Pine Cay in the western Caicos Islands. These are described and include the anthurid Licranthura tuberculata, possessing a tuberculate third article of the antenna and a rounded distolateral angle of the uropodal exopod; the anthurid Mesanthura spongicoia, which has a distinctive color pattern, distinctly attenuated body, and 5-7 spines on the third article of the mandibular palp; The paranthurid Califanthura minuta, a tiny (1.6 mm) species having a reduced, triangular uropodal exopod; and the stenetriid asellote Stenetrium caicosensis, which has a pronounced …

Studies On The Crustacea Of The Turks And Caicos Islands, British West Indies. Iii. Records Of Marine Isopoda From Pine Cay, Fort George Cay, Water Cay, And Adjacent Waters, Marilyn Schotte, Richard W. Heard, Brian Kensley

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Between April 1987 and April 1990, 45 species of marine isopods were collected from intertidal and subtidal habitats in the vicinity of Pine Cay, Turks and Caicos, British West Indies. Five species, Licranthura tuberculata, Mesanthura spongicola, Califanthura minuta, Stenetrium caicoensis, and Armadilloniscus stepus, are known currently only from the northeastern Turks and Caicos Islands. The Turks and Caicos collections represent considerable range extensions for many of the species collected. Four species, Apanthura cracenta, Mesanthura punctillata, Carpias triton, and Munna petronastes, known previously from the east coast of Central America (Belize), are …

Success Of Juvenile Striped Bass In Two Bay Systems In Mississippi: 1980-1984, Ronald R. Lukens, Larry C. Nicholson, J.Y. Christmas

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Success of a striped bass (Morone saxatilis, Walbaum) stocking program in the Biloxi Bay and St. Louis Bay systems in Mississippi was investigated by monitoring the occurrence of juveniles in bag seine collections in the Biloxi, Tchouticabouffa, Jourdan, and Wolf Rivers. A total of 554 juvenile striped bass were collected during the study. Hydrographic data and stomach analyses indicate that neither water conditions nor food was a limiting factor to juvenile striped bass survival. Appearance of juveniles subsequent to the stocking of Atlantic coast fry and fingerlings coupled with lateral line scale count data indicate that all juveniles …

Haustorius Jayneae, A New Species Of Haustoriid Amphipod From The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, With Notes On Its Ecology At Panama City Beach, Florida U.S.A., John M. Foster, Sara E. Lecroy

Gulf and Caribbean Research

A new species of sand-burrowing amphipod, Haustorius jayneae, is described from the swash zone and shallow subtidal sands along the north Florida and Mississippi Gulf coasts. It is most similar to H. canadensis from the American Atlantic coast, differing primarily in the presence of a distinct anterodistal spinous lobe on pereopod 6, article 5; a longer row of distal marginal spines on pereopod 7, article 4; and fewer proximal spines on the peduncle of uropod 1. A revised key to the known species of Haustorius is included and information on the ecology of H. jayneae n. sp. at Panama …

New Sandhoppers (Crustacea: Amphipoda) From The Gulf Coast Of The United States, E.L. Bousfield

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Three species of sand-burrowing semi-terrestrial amphipod crustaceans are newly described from sandy beaches of the North American coast of the Gulf of Mexico. They (and two related species from the open Atlantic coast of North America) are removed from the genus Talorchestia Dana 1853, and placed in a new genus, Americorchestia. Americorchestia salomani, new species, and A. heardi, new species, occur from northwestern Florida to the Mississippi Delta. They are morphological counterparts of the well-known sandhoppers from the open Atlantic coast, A. megalophthalma (Bate) and A. longicornis (Say) respectively. Americorchestia barbarae, new species, related to A. …

Design And Operation Of A Small Tank System For Ovarian Maturation And Spawning Of Penaeus Vannamei, John T. Ogle

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Ovarian maturation and spawning of Penaeus vannamei was accomplished in a 120 l (30 gal) tank as well as in a 800 l recirculating system consisting of six aquaria plumbed into a common biofilter. Pond reared animals stocked one per tank were fed a diet consisting of commercial pellets, squid, and bloodworms. Temperature was maintained at 28^oC and salinity between 28 and 32 ppt. Presence of black shields between aquaria, males, eggs in the water, and other females in the aquaria were not required for ovarian maturation. Thirty-six of 78 females held in the small talk system spawned. …

A Method To Construct Low-Cost Ponds For Aquaculture, John T. Ogle

Gulf and Caribbean Research

A 100 m² pond was constructed using a vinyl liner supported by hog wire panels shackled together in a circle. The construction was completed in one afternoon at a total cost of $612.00.

Pattern And Coloration Of Periclimenes Rathbunae From The Turks And Caicos Islands, With Comments On Host Associations In Other Anemone Shrimps Of The West Indies And Bermuda, Stephen Spotte, Richard W. Heard, Patricia M. Bubucis, Roy R. Manstan, Jerry A. Mclelland

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The commensal shrimp Periclimenes rathbunae Schmitt, 1924, lives in association with the sea anemones Condylactis gigantea Weinland, 1860, and Stichodactyla (= Stoichactis) helianthus Ellis, 1767, in the Turks and Caicos Islands, British West Indies. We describe its pattem and coloration in life. Published reports of distribution and host acceptance by P. rathbunae and three of its congeners (P. anthophilus Holthuis and Eibl-Eibesfeldt, 1964; P. pedersoni Chace, 1958; and P. yucatanicus Ives, 1891) are reviewed. The last two species are recorded for the first time from the Turks and Caicos, and the association of P. yucatanicus with Stichodactyla helianthus …

Maturation Of Penaeus Vannamei Based Upon A Survey, John T. Ogle

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Captive maturation and reproduction of Penaeus vannamei, a popularly cultured penaeid shrimp, was first achieved in 1977. Based upon interviews of 18 facility managers, average conditions are as follows: tank diameter of 4.6 m (15 ft), 100% water exchange with recirculation, temperature 27-29°C. salinity 28-32 ppt, and a photoperiod of 13-14 hours of light. Broodstock are predominately wild, undergo unilateral eyestalk ablation by enuculation, and are stocked at five per square meter with a 1:1 sex ratio. Penaeus vannamei at most facilities are fed squid, pellets and bloodworms four times daily and 3-7% of the females are found to …

Breeding Biology Of The Black Storm-Petrel At Islas Los Coronados, Baja California, Mexico, William T. Everett

Theses

Twenty-nine visits to Middle Rock, Islas Los Coranados, were made between March 1989 and September 1990, including 10 overnight visits. Breeding phenology was studied, including timing of colony attendance by adult birds, timing of egg laying, hatching, and fledging. Over 200 birds were banded to determine nest site tenacity and pair bond retention. Details were recorded on nest site selection, interspecific competition, breeding success, chick growth and plumage development, adult morphometrics, molt, food items, vocalizations, and ectoparasites.

Development And Evaluation Of Tracer Particles For Use In Microzooplankton Herbivory Studies, Mary Putt

OES Faculty Publications

Two methods of preparing algae for use as tracer particles in single species measurements of microzooplankton herbivory were evaluated. Algae were either heat-killed and labelled with 5-(4,6-dichlorotriazin-2-yl amino fluorescein) (DTAF) (Rublee & Gallegos 1989; Mar, Ecol. Prog. Ser. 51: 221-227) or stained with hydroethidine (HYD). Both DTAF and HYD-stained algae were readily visible within the digestive vacuoles of most microzooplankton collected in estuarine and coastal waters of Massachusetts (USA) and preserved with Lugol's iodine. However, DTAF was ineffective at staining several chromophytic algae and the heat-kill process reduced cell volume by ≥ 50% in several of the algae which were …

Cytology Of Pollutant Metals In Marine Invertebrates: A Review Of Microanalytical Applications, J. A. Nott

Scanning Microscopy

X-ray microanalysis (XRMA) is customized for investigations of the metabolic and detoxification strategies of heavy metals taken by marine organisms from polluted environments. Sites of uptake, intracellular accumulation, transport and excretion are visualized, analysed and quantified . Cryopreparation techniques are required to prevent the translocation or loss from specimens of soluble metal species.

In marine invertebrates, metals are detoxified by systems of chemical binding and intracellular compartmentalization. XRMA investigations have concentrated on marine molluscs and crustaceans and even within these restricted groups there are marked inter-species differences in the biochemical and cytological processes which reduce metal bioavailability. Some detoxification systems …

A Linear Analysis Of Equatorial Atlantic Ocean Thermocline Variability, Robert H. Weisberg, T. Y. Tang

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Observed variations in the Atlantic Ocean's equatorial thermocline are compared at four locations with simultations using an analytical reduced-gravity model. The comparison shows the essential features of the seasonal wind-forced thermocline response to be accounted for by a linear superposition of equatorial long waves, evolving basinwide, tending to bring the zonal pressure gradient into balance with the wind stress. A frequency response function is derived whose properties provide a basis for discussing the large scale features of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean's seasonal cycle-for example, its evolution along the equator, the maximum upwelling region observed in the Gulf of Guinea and …

Department Of Fisheries Annual Report 1990, Department Of Fisheries, Western Australia

Department of Fisheries Annual Reports

In accordance with Section 62 of the Financial Administration and Audit Act 1985, I submit for your information and presentation to Parliament the Annual Report of the Fisheries Department for the financial year ending 30 June 1990.

The Annual Report has been prepared in accordance with the provisions of the Financial Administration and Audit Act 1985.

Section 57 of the Fisheries Act 1905 requires me to report to you as to the state of the fisheries of the State and for such report to be laid before both Houses of Parliament.

Fishes Of Springs And Spring-Fed Creeks Of Calhoun County, Alabama, Douglas R. Sizemore, W. Mike Howell

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Evidence For A Genetically Unique Walleye Population In The Upper Tombigbee River System Of Northeastern Mississippi, Brian R. Murphy

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Pebble-Nests Of Four Semotilus Species, Eugene G. Maurakis, William S. Woolcott, James T. Magee

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Two Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Benzo[A]Pyrene And Naphthalene On Reproductive Success Embryological Development Larval Physiology And Mortality Of The Mud Crab Rhithropanopeus Harisii (Gould), Gregory V. White

OES Theses and Dissertations

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as naphthalene (Nap) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) are common in the water column and sediments of estuarine and coastal areas. The mud crab Rhithropanopeus harrisii was exposed to varying concentrations of Nap or B[a]P to determine the effects on reproductive success, embryological development, larval physiology and mortality. Nap and B[a]P decreased hatching success and prolonged embryological development. Both pollutants produced high abnormality frequencies for egg exposed larvae. Molt frequency and respiratory rates of larvae from non-exposed eggs were more chronically affected by these pollutants than were egg exposed larvae. The EC₅₀ concentrations were determined for …

Marine Flora And Fauna Of The Northeastern United States Echinodermata: Crinoidea, Charles G. Messing, John H. Dearborn

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

The crinoid fauna of the continental margin (0-1500m) of northeastern North America (Georgia to Canada) includes 14 species in 13 genera and 5 families. We introduce the external morphology and natural history of crinoids and include a glossary of terms, an illustrated key to local taxa, annotated systematic list, and an index. The fauna includes 2 species found no further south than New England and 8 that occur no further north than the Carolinas and Blake Plateau. Comactinia meridionalis (Agassiz) is the only species commonly found in shallow water (<50 m). No taxa are endemic to the area.

Fisheries Research Report No. 89 - Relationships Among Partial And Whole Lengths And Weights For Western Australian Pink Snapper Chrysophrys Auratus (Sparidae), M. J. Moran, C. Burton

Fisheries Research Reports

Pink snapper, Chrysophrysauratus (Sparidae) is one of the major commercial and recreational fish in Western Australian inshore waters. This report presents a number of equations and conversion factors for management and scientific study of the species. Equations to calculate total lengths from partial lengths will facilitate enforcement of minimum legal lengths when snapper are landed in a "head-off" condition. For fisheries science purposes, there are equations to convert among total length, standard length and length to caudal fork; and to convert lengths and weights of processed fish to whole lengths and weights. Length-weight relationships are presented and compared with those …

Fisheries Research Report No 88 - A Synopsis Of The Biology And The Exploitation Of The Australiasian Pilchard, Sardinops Neopilchardus (Steindachner) Part 1: Biology, W. J. Fletcher

Fisheries Research Reports

There have been a large number of studies which relate to the biology and exploitation of the Australian pilchard, Sardinops neopilchardus. Much of the data, however, are located in journals which are hard to obtain, or in unpublished reports, and theses. With the increase in catch of pil­chards, particularly in Western Australia, a collation of all the available knowledge pertaining to pilchards in Australia and New Zealand was desired to help with the planning of future research into the Western Australian stocks of this species. This report contains all the information located on the biology of Sardinops neopilchardus, a companion …

Slippery Near-Surface Layer Of The Ocean Arising Due To Daytime Solar Heating, Vladimir N. Kudryavtsev, Alexander Soloviev

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Measurements made in the Equatorial Atlantic during the 35th cruise of the R/V Akademic Vernadsky using a free-rising profiler and drifters revealed a near-surface slippery layer of the ocean arising due to daytime solar heating. The solar heating warms and stabilizes the surface layer of the ocean. This suppresses turbulent exchange and limits the penetration depth of the wind-induced turbulent mixing. The heated near-surface layer is then slipping over the underlying water practically without friction. At daytime warming of 1°C the resistance coefficient in the upper 5-m ocean, C_u = (U_*/ΔU_s)² became …

The Relationship Of Loggerhead Nesting Patterns And Moon Phase In Broward County, Florida, Curtis M. Burney, Catherine A. Mattison, Louis E. Fisher

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures

No abstract provided.

Sea Turtle Nesting And Hatching Success In Broward County, Florida, 1989, Catherine A. Mattison, Curtis M. Burney, Louis E. Fisher

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures

No abstract provided.

Biozonation Of Deep-Water Lithoherms And Associated Hardgrounds In The Northeastern Straits Of Florida, Charles G. Messing, A. Conrad Neumann, Judith C. Lang

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Elongated carbonate mounds ("lithoherms") oriented parallel to prevailing northerly bottom currents at moderate depths (500-700 m) along the western margin of the Little Bahama Bank exhibit a consistent faunal zonation characterized by attached, suspension-feeding invertebrates. The four most abundant macroepibenthic groups (alcyonarians, crinoids, sponges and stylasterid hydrocorals) dominate all hard substrates examined except upcurrent ends and crests of lithoherms. We recognize three faunal zones on these mounds: a Coral Zone (Lophelia prolifera) restricted to the upcurrent end; a Zoanthid Zone (?Gerardia sp.) along upcurrent crests, and a Crinoid/Alcyonarian Zone along lithoherm flanks and downstream crests. Taxa characteristic of the latter …

Mating Behaviors Of The Blacktail Shiner, Cyprinella Venusta, From Southeastern Mississippi, David C. Heins

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Business Meeting Minutes, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.