Marine Biology Commons^™

Finite Difference Of Adjoint Or Adjoint Of Finite Difference?, Ziv Sirkes, Eli Tziperman

Faculty Publications

Adjoint models are used for atmospheric and oceanic sensitivity studies in order to efficiently evaluate the sensitivity of a cost function (e.g., the temperature or pressure at some target time t(f), averaged over some region of interest) with respect to the three-dimensional model initial conditions. The time-dependent sensitivity, that is the sensitivity to initial conditions as function of the initial time t(i), may be obtained directly and most efficiently from the adjoint model solution. There are two approaches to formulating an adjoint of a given model. In the first (''finite difference of adjoint''), one derives the continuous adjoint equations from …

Port Everglades Macroinvertebrate Monitoring: Monitoring Of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Assemblages At The Southport Turning Basin And Adjacent Areas Of John U. Lloyd State Recreation Area: Final Report, Charles G. Messing, Richard E. Dodge

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

Monitoring of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the vicinity of Port Everglades Southport began in September 1988 in anticipation of dredging of the Southport Turning Notch and concomitant mitigation of mangrove habitats at adjacent areas of John U. Lloyd State Recreation Area. Twice-yearly surveys were carried out from September 1988 to January 1991 by Sheldon Dobkin (Florida Atlantic University), and subsequently, from August 1991 to January 1997, under the supervision of Charles G. Messing and Richard E. Dodge (Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center). From 1990 onward, surveyed sites consisted of 11 Ponar grab stations, 11 mangrove crab census stations, and three …

Proposed Voluntary Fishery Adjustment Scheme. South Coast Purse Seine Managed Fishery., Committee Of Management

Fisheries Management Papers

On 29 May 1997 the Minister for Fisheries established a Committee of Management in respect of the South Coast Purse Seine Managed Fishery under the Fisheries Adjustment Schemes Act 1987 (the Act). The initial function of the Committee of Management (the Committee) is to consider, in respect of the Fishery, the desirablity of the establishment of a Voluntary Fisheries Adjustment Scheme. This document constitutes the report of the desirability of a Scheme.

Evidence For A Volcanic Cooling Signal In A 335-Year Coral Record From New Caledonia, Thomas J. Crowley, Terrence M. Quinn, Frederick W. Taylor, Christian Henin, Pascale Joannot

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Although volcanic cooling events have been detected in tree ring records, their occurrence in marine records has received much less attention, Herein we report results from a 335-year oxygen isotope record (1657-1992) from a New Caredonia coral indicating that as many as 16 interannual-scale cooling events occur within 1 year of a volcanic eruption as determined by ice core records, There are also pentadal/decadal-scale cooling events beginning in 1675, 1813, and 1903 that immediately postdate volcanic eruptions. However, the interannual correspondences are complicated by the fact that some of the cooling events also coincide with El Ninos, which cause cooling …

Discussion Paper: Future Management Of The Aquatic Charter Industry In Western Australia, Tour Operators Fishing Working Group

Fisheries Management Papers

The Tour Operators Fishing Working Group (TOFWG) was established by the Hon Monty House MLA, Minister for Fisheries, in recognition of the growing importance of this element of the tourism industry and in recognition of the need to ensure that the development of this industry occurs in an ecologically sustainable framework across the State. This discussion paper is the result of extensive consultation with the aquatic charter operators' industry by the TOFWG. Proposals outlined here for community discussion are intended to establish a management framework within which the aquatic charter operators’ industry may continue to develop, and which will ensure …

Draft: Optimising The Worth Of The Lobster Catch: Options And Issues, Marec Pty Ltd

Fisheries Management Papers

The purpose of this document is to contribute to informed discussion on alternative measures which might be adopted to optimise the worth of the lobster catch. In doing so, it provides a number of possible initiatives which could be more closely examined for adoption. Details of issues are provided which should be taken into consideration when assessing the various proposals. The industry as it is today is examined and assessed, and its achievements analysed. The possible initiatives proposed stem from this research. As a consequence of this document, the rock lobster industry could undertake to proceed with a detailed examination …

Marine Farm Planning And Consultation Processes In Western Australia, Dave Everall

Fisheries Management Papers

The development of a sustainable aquaculture industry in Western Australia is considered to be a high priority by the Government. The marine farming industry has a bright future in Western Australia, but there is a need to balance its developing needs for suitable waters with those of existing activities, and with community expectations for accountability and transparency in the resolution of equity and resource sharing decisions. The purpose of this report is to review the existing planning and consultation processes for pearling and aquaculture in WA and recommend how they may be improved and incorporated into a single process. It …

Front Matter, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Fish Species Composition And Associations In A Section Of Morganfork Creek, Southwestern Mississippi, Mark D. Farr

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Observational Notes On The Spawning Behavior Of The Blue Shiner (Cyprinella Caerulea) And The Holiday Darter (Etheostoma Brevirostrum), Two Rare Fishes Of The Conasauga River, Georgia And Tennessee, Carol E. Johnston, J. R. Shute

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Minutes, Business Meeting, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Number 35 (August 1997), Southern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

(August 1997) - Observational notes on the spawning behavior of the blue shiner (Cyprinella caerulea) and the holiday darter (Etheostoma brevirostrum), two rare fishes of the Conasauga River, Georgia and Tennessee. By Carol E. Johnston and J.R. Shute

Fish species composition and associations in a section of Morganfork Creek, southwestern Mississippi. By Mark D. Farr

Minutes, Business Meeting, 22nd Annual Meeting, Southeastern Fishes Council

Regional Southeastern Fishes Council Reports

Regional Southeastern Fishes Council Reports, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Time Series Measurements Of Chlorophyll Fluorescence In The Oceanic Bottom Boundary Layer With A Multisensor Fiber-Optic Fluorometer, Eurico J. Dsa, Steven E. Lohrenz, Vernon L. Asper, Roy A. Walters

Faculty Publications

An in situ multisensor fiber-optic fluorometer (MFF) has been developed to acquire long-term chlorophyll fluorescence measurements in the oceanic bottom boundary layer to characterize the finescale pigment structure at vertical spatial scales comparable to physical measurements. The eight fluorescence sensors of the MFF are composed of dual optical fibers of varying lengths (1.5-8 m), with the fiber ends oriented at 30 degrees to each other and enclosed by a small light baffle. Strobe excitation blue light is passed through one of each pair of optical fibers and stimulated chlorophyll fluorescence is carried back to a photomultiplier. Two sets of four …

Oxyconformity In Burrow-Dwelling Crustaceans : Aerobic Metabolism Of Hemisquilla Ensigera Californiensis, Leandra P. Peters

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Hemisquilla ensigera califomiensis is an active burrow-dwelling stomatopod crustacean common off the coast of Southern California (Basch and Engle, 1989). In this experiment I measured the typical burrow oxygen level, time taken to deplete the oxygen in an inhabited, capped burrow, and tested the hypothesis that H. ensigera, like other burrow dwellers that have been examined, is an oxyregulator; and that like crustaceans in general, they have only limited anaerobic capabilities. Contrary to expectations, I found that H. ensigera is an oxyconformer or at best a weak oxyregulator, and that the species has substantial anaerobic capacity. Since it was …

Thermophilic Bacterial Activity In A Deep-Sea Sediment From The Pacific Ocean, Fred C. Dobbs, Karen A. Selph

OES Faculty Publications

Thermophilic bacterial activity was detected in a deep-sea sediment sample from the South Pacific Ocean at 12 degrees S, 135 degrees W, an area of the seafloor distant from known hydrothermal venting. Incubation of sediments amended with C-14-glutamate indicated maximal respiration (evolution of (CO2)-C-14) and assimilation (incorporation of C-14 into acid-precipitated macromolecules) of substrate at 52 degrees C, relative to 4 and 22 degrees C. A parallel experiment at another site (2 degrees S, 140 degrees W) yielded no evidence of thermophily. Thermophilic bacteria may be deposited in deep-sea sediments following their long-distance dispersal from hydrothermal vents (e.g. the East …

Stomach Content Analysis Of Stranded Bottlenose Dolphins, Tursiops Truncatus, In Virginia, 1987-1996, John Mcgurk

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

I examined the stomach contents from 94 bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, that were stranded along the Virginia coastline from 1987 through 1996. Samples from 1987 through 1991 were obtained from the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) and samples from 1992 through 1996 were collected by the Virginia Marine Science Museum (VMSM) Stranding Team. Prey species were identified using fish otoliths and cephalopod beaks.

The dolphins examined fed on 23 species of fish and one genus of cephalopods. The primary prey species was Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus); secondary species were weakfish (Cynoscion regalia), spot (Leiostomus xanthurus), silver perch (Bairdiella chrysoura), …

The Aquaculture Of Non-Endemic Species In Western Australia, Tina Thorne

Fisheries Management Papers

This Management Paper has been drafted in liaison with the Department of Environmental Protection in accordance with the principles of risk assessment and taking into account translocation issues of non-endemic species such as redclaw (Cheras quadricarninatus). It is considered that the implementation of this policy will protect the natural environment and native crayfish species. It will also allow for the development of a redclaw industry, and provide the first step towards self regulation of that industry.

Use Of Fluorescence Microscopy In An Assay Of Sperm Density For The Gorgonian Coral, Plexaura Kuna, Timothy D. Swain, K. Kim, H. R. Lasker

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches, Lectures

The density of sperm in the water column during the broadcast spawning events of marine invertebrates is often undetermined or reported in terms of fertilization potential. The density of sperm during such events can be determined by directly counting numbers of spermatozoa using a modification of the acridine orange direct count (AODC) technique for enumerating bacteria. A number of variables in the handling and processing of samples may bias estimates. Sample collection in glass and rapid fixation and filtration are necessary for reproducible estimates. Once filtered, samples are stable for many months, and counts on filters that were poorly stained …

Observation Of Large Diurnal Warming Events In The Near-Surface Layer Of The Western Equatorial Pacific Warm Pool, Alexander Soloviev, Roger Lukas

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Because of the relatively calm winds which prevail over the western Pacific warm pool, the diurnal cycle of temperature in the near-surface layer of the ocean is often quite pronounced. During the TOGA Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE), very high resolution measurements of near-surface thermohaline and turbulence structures were made using bowmounted probes and a free-rising profiler. Experimental data demonstrate a strong dependence of near-surface thermal structure on weather conditions, In calm weather, SST was observed to exceed 33.25°C; this was associated with a diurnal warming of more than 3°C in the top I m of the ocean. A 1-D …

Sharp Frontal Interfaces In The Near-Surface Layer Of The Ocean In The Western Equatorial Pacific Warm Pool, Alexander Soloviev, Roger Lukas

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

During the TOGA COARE rich horizontal temperature and salinity variability of the near-surface layer of the ocean in the western Pacific warm pool was observed. High-resolution measurements were made by probes mounted on the bow of the vessel in an undisturbed region at ~1.7-m depth during four COARE cruises of the R/V Moana Wave. The authors observed several tens of cases of periodic sharp frontal interfaces of width 1– 100 m and separation 0.2–60 km. The sharp frontal interfaces were often found in frontal regions and on the periphery of freshwater puddles. Maneuvers of the ship were conducted to determine …

The Zonal Momentum Balance Of The Equatorial Undercurrent In The Central Pacific, L. Qiao, Robert H. Weisberg

Marine Science Faculty Publications

Current velocity data from an array of subsurface moorings deployed during the Tropical Instability Wave Experiment from May 1990 to June 1991 are used to diagnose the upper-ocean zonal momentum balance at 08, 1408W. The flow field and associated zonal momentum flux divergence are fully three-dimensional over the upper 250 m, consistent with the earliest descriptions and theoretical ideas of the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC). Estimates of the vertical stress divergence show dynamical flow regimes that change between the surface and the base of the EUC, being essentially linear (modified by nonlinearity) near the surface, weakly nonlinear at the EUC core, …

Port Everglades Macroinvertebrate Monitoring: Monitoring Of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Assemblages At The Southport Turning Basin And Adjacent Areas Of John U. Lloyd State Recreation Area: August 1996 (Including A Summary Of Previous Survey Results, 1991-1996), Charles G. Messing, Richard E. Dodge

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

This report documents the August 1996 monitoring of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the Port Everglades Southport turning basin vicinity and adjacent areas of John U. Lloyd State Recreation Area. This is the eleventh monitoring effort of the series carried out by Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center. Samples were taken chiefly during the first two weeks of August although some sampling of crab stations was delayed until late September/early October.

Management Arrangements For The Western Rock Lobster Fishery For The 1997/98 Season, F. B. Prokop

Fisheries Management Papers

This paper deals with the proposed management strategies for the 1997/98 seasons. The purpose of this paper is to present the views of RLIAC on management arrangements for the 1997/98 rock lobster season and to indicate the strategic directions that long term management of this important fishery might take so as to ensure both its biological sustainability and the optimisation of product value for both the State and the participants in the fishery.

Coastal Circulations Driven By River Outflow, Shuliang Zhang

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

Variable-density, 1^1/2- and 2^1/2- layer models are used to examine the behavior of plumes resulting from a fresher outflow of transport M_r and salinity S_r into a pre-existing oceanic layer of initial thickness H₁ and salinity S₁. It is found that the plumes exhibit a variety of features depending on conditions of the outflow, the situation of the ambient ocean, and external forcing. Perhaps the most interesting feature is that the plume can flow along the upstream (to the left of the river mouth, looking seaward in the northern hemisphere) coast …

234Th And 210Pb Evidence For Rapid Ingestion Of Settling Particles By Mobile Epibenthic Megafauna In The Abyssal Ne Pacific, L. M. L. Lauerman, J. M. Smoak, Timothy J. Shaw, W. S. Moore, K. L. Smith Jr.

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Probability Density Function Of Ocean Surface Slopes And Its Effects On Radar Backscatter, Y. Liu, Xh Yan, W.T. Liu, P.A. Hwang

Faculty Publications

Based on Longuet-Higgins's theory of the probability distribution of wave amplitude and wave period and on some observations, a new probability density function (PDF) of ocean surface slopes is derived. It is f(zeta(x), zeta(y)) = n/2 pi(n - 1)sigma(u) sigma(c) x [1 + zeta(x)(2)/(n - 1)sigma(n)(2) + zeta(y)(2)/(n - 1)sigma(c)(2)](-(n + 2)/2) + skewness, where zeta(x) and zeta(y) are the slope components in upwind and crosswind directions, respectively; sigma(u)(2) and sigma(c)(2) are the corresponding mean-square slopes. The peakedness of slopes is generated by nonlinear wave-wave interactions in the range of gravity waves. The skewness of slopes is generated by nonlinear …

Analysis Of Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase Gene Expression In Natural Phytoplankton Communities By Group-Specific Gene Probing, S. L. Pichard, L. Campbell, Kendall L. Carder, J. B. Kang, J. Patch, F. Robert Tabita, John H. Paul

Marine Science Faculty Publications

To understand the composition and photosynthetic carbon fixing activities of natural phytoplankton communities, we employed group-specific ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (RubisCO) large subunit gene probes (rbcL) to examine RubisCO gene expression. The rbcL genes from Synechococcus PCC6301 (cyano) and from Cylindrotheca sp. (chrome) were used as probes at select stations to examine levels of rbcL mRNA in specific size fractions (>5 mu m, 1-5 mu m, m) in surface waters of the mouth of Tampa Bay (estuarine), West Florida Shelf (coastal), and from the offshore Gulf of Mexico. Using DNA purified from algal isolates, we demonstrated that the cyano probe …

Isotope Ratio Studies Of Marine Mammals In Prince William Sound, Donald M. Schell, Amy Hirons

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

This project consists of two components: (1) provision of analytical services for the stable isotope ratio investigations associated with Exxon Valdez oil spill projects, and (2) an investigation of food web relationships and trophic interactions of harbor seals and other top consumers of Prince William Sound (PWS). Through the use of harbor seal tissues collected from native harvested animals and tagging programs, seasonal and migrational information has been obtained with regard to prey utilization and trophic status at differing locations within the sound and the adjacent Gulf of Alaska. Preliminary results indicate that within PWS, harbor seals fall at the …

Ecology Of The Early Life History Of The Caribbean Spiny Lobster, Panulirus Argus: Recruitment, Predation, And Habitat Requirements, Charles A. Acosta

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Recruitment variability of the early life history stages of marine benthic organisms can have profound consequences on population dynamics. I studied factors affecting recruitment success of postlarvae and early juveniles of the Caribbean spiny lobster. I examined patterns in postlarval supply, investigated wind forcing as a potential transport mechanism for recruiting postlarvae, and quantified predation on postlarvae in south Florida, USA. In an eight-year time series, spiny lobster postlarval supply occurred year-round between the new and first quarter lunar phases. The major annual peak occurred around March corresponding to spawning activity ten months earlier, and a smaller non-seasonal peak occurred …