Marine Biology Commons^™

Tiger Sharks Eat Songbirds: Scavenging A Windfall Of Nutrients From The Sky, J. Marcus Drymon, K. Feldheim, A. M.V. Fournier, E. A. Seubert, A. E. Jefferson, A. M. Kroetz, Sean P. Powers

University Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Piscataqua Region Estuaries Partnership 2018 Annual Report, Piscataqua Region Estuaries Partnership

PREP Reports & Publications

No abstract provided.

Blubber Transcriptome And Proteome Responses To Repeated Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Administration In A Marine Mammal, Jared Deyarmin

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Chronic physiological stress impacts animal fitness by catabolizing metabolic stores and suppressing reproduction and immunity. This can be especially deleterious for capital breeding carnivores, such as marine mammals, which rely on lipid stores accrued during intensive foraging to sustain prolonged periods of fasting associated with reproduction. Therefore, chronic stress may cause a decrease in fitness in these animals, leading to population declines and potentially detrimental shifts in food web dynamics as a result. However, the impacts and indicators of chronic stress in animals are currently poorly understood. To identify downstream mediators of repeated stress responses in marine mammals, adrenocorticotropic hormone …

Filling The Gaps: Common Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops Truncatus) Population Dynamics, Structure, And Connectivity Within Florida Panhandle Bays, Sounds, And Estuaries, Christina Toms

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

At the time of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010, very little was known about the inshore bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) populations hit hardest by the spill. Without previous population demographic data impacts were challenging to assess. My dissertation was designed to build research capacity moving forward by helping to fill data gaps in the western Florida Panhandle. The first study presented here resulted in the first system-wide assessment of seasonal abundance, survival, and site fidelity patterns of bottlenose dolphins that inhabit the Pensacola Bay system. In contrast to a previous study that reported only 33 dolphins, results from …

Sources Of Carbon To Suspended Particulate Organic Matter In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Kelsey L. Rogers, Samantha H Bosman, Sarah Weber, Cedric Magen, Joseph P. Montoya, Jeffrey Chanton

C-IMAGE Publications

Suspended particulate organic carbon (POC_susp) in the Gulf of Mexico is unique compared to other seas and oceans. In addition to surface primary production, isotopic analysis indicates that microbial cycling of oil and riverine inputs are primary sources of carbon to POC_susp in the Gulf. To characterize POC_susp from seep sites and non-seep north central Gulf (NCG) sites potentially affected by the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) spill, we analyzed 277 and 123 samples for δ¹³C and Δ¹⁴C signatures, respectively. Depth, partitioned into euphotic ( < 300 m) and deep ( > 300 m), was the main driver of spatial δ …

Shrimp Production Environment And The Gut Microbiome: Effects Of Aquaculture Practices And Selective Breeding On The Gut Microbiome Of Pacific Whiteleg Shrimp, Litopenaeus Vannamei, Angela Landsman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Knowledge of the functional role of the gut microbiome in animal health and nutrition may provide solutions to shrimp aquaculture challenges, such as improving disease resistance and optimizing growth particularly with low cost feeds. Successful manipulation of bacteria found in the gut requires a deeper understanding of shrimp microbial communities and how their compositional structure is influenced by environmental conditions, and inherent host factors such as genetics. The initial research investigated the intestinal bacterial communities of the Pacific whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) reared in pond systems compared to indoor aquaculture facilities as an exploration of the effects of aquaculture practices …

Distribution Of Sea Star Wasting Disease Symptoms In Pisaster Ochraceus In The Rocky Intertidal Zone, Jana N. Litt

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Beginning in 2013, many species of sea stars (phylum Echinodermata) along the Pacific coast experienced severe mortality due to sea star wasting disease (SSWD). The ochre sea star, Pisaster ochraceus, experienced one of the highest mortality rates during this outbreak. To test the hypothesis that the intertidal distribution of ochre sea stars influences the incidence and progression of SSWD symptoms, I documented the occurrence of symptoms and survivorship in adult and juvenile stars in the upper and lower portions of the mid-intertidal zone. I also chronicled the progression of SSWD symptoms among individually tagged adult stars to assess changes in …

The Effects Of Elevated Temperatures On Gumboot Chiton (Cryptochiton Stelleri) Grazing Performance And Thermoregulation Efficiency, Lily Clare Mcintire

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Rocky intertidal zones are some of the most thermally stressful environments on earth, where ectotherms deal with tidal fluctuations in air and water temperatures that can exceed thermal performance limits. However, not all intertidal ectotherms face the same exposure risk. On the northwest coast of the United States, summertime low tides occur during midday, exposing ectotherms to stressful temperatures. In contrast, cooler pre-dawn low tides in southern regions buffer ectotherms from thermal stress. Gumboot chitons (Cryptochiton stelleri) are a thermally sensitive intertidal grazer that range from southern California to Alaska, exposing them to a mosaic of thermal stress. …

Dispersant Enhances Hydrocarbon Degradation And Alters The Structure Of Metabolically Active Microbial Communities In Shallow Seawater From The Northeastern Gulf Of Mexico, Xiaoxu Sun, Lena Chu, Elisa Mercando, Isabel Romero, David Hollander, Joel E Kostka

C-IMAGE Publications

Dispersant application is a primary emergency oil spill response strategy and yet the efficacy and unintended consequences of this approach in marine ecosystems remain controversial. To address these uncertainties, ex situ incubations were conducted to quantify the impact of dispersant on petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) biodegradation rates and microbial community structure at as close as realistically possible to approximated in situ conditions [2 ppm v/v oil with or without dispersant, at a dispersant to oil ratio (DOR) of 1:15] in surface seawater. Biodegradation rates were not substantially affected by dispersant application at low mixing conditions, while under completely dispersed conditions, biodegradation …

Role Of Managed Marine Areas On The Diversity And Individual Responses Of Rocky Intertidal Shore Grazers In Central Chile, Kathy Liu

Scripps Senior Theses

Many different types of marine benthic herbivores or “grazers” inhabit coastal intertidal zones and play a crucial role in inter- and shallow subtidal ecosystems. Chile has one of the most diverse intertidal zones, but many intertidal grazers are exploited for human consumption. Marine protected areas (MPAs) and marine management and exploitation areas (MEAs) are promising tools for Chile to combat over exploitation of these grazer and other marine resources. This study surveyed the impact of sites with contrasting management on the diversity and abundance of all intertidal grazers and their impact on the size frequency and shell length-body weight allometry …

Bomb Radiocarbon Age Validation For The Long-Lived, Unexploited Arctic Fish Species Coregonus Clupeaformis, John M. Casselman, Cynthia M. Jones, Steven E. Campana

OES Faculty Publications

The growth rates of freshwater fish in the Arctic would be expected to be very low, but some previous studies of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) have reported relatively rapid growth and longevity estimates of less than 15 years. We used bomb radiocarbon chronologies to validate an ageing method based on otolith sections for lake whitefish in both an unexploited Arctic lake (MacAlpine Lake; longevity 50 years) and a lightly exploited temperate population (Lake Simcoe; longevity 49 years). Our results confirm previous suggestions that other ageing methods can seriously underestimate lake whitefish age after ~5–8 years. A Chapman–Robson estimate …

Spatial Structuring And Life History Connectivity Of Antarctic Silverfish Along The Southern Continental Shelf Of The Weddell Sea, Jilda Alicia Caccavo, Julian R. Ashford, Svenja Ryan, Chiara Papetti, Michael Schröder, Lorenzo Zane

OES Faculty Publications

A multi-disciplinary approach was employed to examine a physical-biological population hypothesis for a critical forage species, the Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarctica. Caccavo et al. (2018; Sci Rep 8:17856) had shown strong gene flow along the westward Antarctic Slope Current, in addition to spatially recurring length modes that provided evidence for episodic connectivity. In this paper, otolith nucleus chemistry from a subset of fish collected in the southern Weddell Sea as part of a hydrographic survey of the Filchner Trough system was used to test between connectivity scenarios. Nucleus chemistry, which reflects environmental exposure during early life, showed significant …

A Full-Ocean-Depth Rated Modular Lander And Pressure-Retaining Sampler Capable Of Collecting Hadal-Endemic Microbes Under In Situ Conditions, Logan M. Peoples, Matthew Norenberg, David Price, Madeline Mcgoldrick, Mark Novotny, Alexander Bochdansky, Douglas H. Bartlett

OES Faculty Publications

The hadal zone remains one of the least studied environments because of its inaccessibility, in part because of hydrostatic pressures extending to 110 MPa. Few instruments are capable of sampling from such great depths. We have developed a full-ocean-depth-capable lander that can be fit with sampling packages for the collection of still images, video, motile megafauna, and hadal seawater. One payload includes a pressure-retaining sampler (PRS) able to maintain seawater samples under in situ pressure during recovery. We describe the technical specifications of the lander and the PRS and preliminary results from three deployments at depths in excess of 10,700 …

Patterns Of Diatom Diversity Correlate With Dissolved Trace Metal Concentrations And Longitudinal Position In The Notheast Pacific Coastal Offshore Transition Zone, P. Dreux Chappell, E. Virginia Armbrust, Katherine A. Barbeau, Randelle M. Bundy, Jagruti Vedamati, Bethany D. Jenkins

OES Faculty Publications

Diatoms are important primary producers in the northeast Pacific Ocean, with their productivity closely linked to pulses of trace elements in the western high nitrate, low chlorophyll (HNLC) region of the oceanographic time series transect 'Line P.' Recently, the coastal-HNLC transition zone of the Line P transect was identified as a hotspot of phytoplankton productivity, potentially controlled by a combination of trace element and macronutrient concentrations. Here we describe diatom community composition in the eastern Line P transect, including the coastal- HNLC transition zone, with a method using high-throughput sequencing of diatom 18S gene amplicons. We identified significant correlations between …

การศึกษาอนุกรมวิธานของปลานินและโรนัน (Rhinidae, Rhinobatidae และ Glaucostegidae) ในน่านน้ำไทย, อภิญญา หัสกุล

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ปลาโรนินและโรนันเป็นปลากระดูกอ่อนในอันดับ Rhinopristiformes โดยในประเทศไทยพบจำนวน 4 วงศ์ ได้แก่ Pristidae (วงศ์ปลาฉนาก), Rhinidae (วงศ์ปลาโรนินและปลาโรนันจุดขาว), Rhinobatidae (วงศ์ปลาโรนันหัวใส), Glaucostegidae (วงศ์ปลาโรนันหัวใสยักษ์) และ Platyrhinidae (วงศ์ปลานันพัด) ปลาเหล่านี้เป็นสิ่งมีชีวิตประเภท K-selected species ซึ่งมีช่วงชีวิตยืนยาว เข้าสู่ช่วงวัยเจริญพันธุ์ช้าและให้ลูกจำนวนน้อยประกอบกับการถูกคุกคามจากการทำการประมงจึงทำให้ประชากรปลาโรนินและโรนันลดลงอย่างมาก การอนุรักษ์ปลาโรนินและโรนันจึงมีความจำเป็นต่อการรักษาสมดุลของสิ่งแวดล้อม ทั้งนี้การระบุชนิดพันธุ์ปลาได้อย่างแม่นยำนั้นเป็นอีกปัจจัยหนึ่งที่ช่วยในการเก็บข้อมูลได้อย่างถูกต้อง โดยการวัดลักษณะทางสัณฐานวิทยาเป็นวิธีที่ง่าย ต้นทุนต่ำ และแม่นยำที่สุดในการระบุลักษณะเฉพาะของชนิดพันธุ์ปลาโรนินและโรนัน อย่างไรก็ดี ข้อมูลลักษณะทางสัณฐานวิทยาที่ได้จากการวัดปลาโรนินและโรนันในไทยนั้นยังมีอยู่น้อยมาก งานวิจัยนี้จึงเป็นงานวิจัยที่ช่วยเติมเต็มข้อมูลดังกล่าว โดยงานวิจัยนี้ได้ศึกษาลักษณะทางสัณฐานวิทยาด้วยการวัดลักษณะภายนอกของปลาและนับกระดูกสันหลัง ในการศึกษานี้ทำการวัดลักษณะที่วัดได้ 80 ลักษณะ โดยข้อมูลที่ได้จากการวัดนั้นจะนำมาวิเคราะห์ด้วยวิธี Principle component analysis เพื่อใช้ในการดูการแยกกลุ่มของชนิดและทำการวิเคราะห์ Discriminant function analysis ในการจัดกลุ่มและทดสอบความแม่นยำในการจัดกลุ่มชนิดที่ได้จาก PCA ซึ่งผลที่ได้จากการวิเคราะห์พบว่าลักษณะที่วัดได้ 11 ลักษณะได้แก่ ความยาวของจะงอยปาก, ขนาดของตา, ขนาดของรูช่วยหายใจ (spiracle), ระยะห่างของรูจมูก (nasal), ความยาวของแผ่นปิดรูจมูก, ขนาดของครีบอกและครีบท้อง, ระยะห่างระหว่างครีบอกและครีบท้อง, ระยะตั้งแต่ปลายจะงอยปากจนถึงครีบหลังทั้งสอง, ระยะห่างระหว่างครีบหลังทั้งสองและขนาดของครีบหลังที่หนึ่ง มีความสำคัญต่อการจำแนกปลาโรนินและโรนัน

Assessing Freshwater Mussel (Bivalvia: Unionidae) Assemblages And Effects Of Eutrophication On Pyganodon Grandis In Lakes Of Eastern South Dakota, Katherine M. Wollman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Globally, the family Unionidae is the most threatened group of freshwater fauna. South Dakota is well known for its agricultural production, leading to cultural eutrophication from enhanced fertilizers and sediments. This impact can alter species presence, age, growth and mortality. Objectives of this study were to 1) implement the first comprehensive lake survey of freshwater mussels in eastern South Dakota lakes and document distribution, occurrence and relative abundance, 2) evaluate relationships between age, growth and mortality of Pyganodon grandis and lake trophic state. Freshwater mussels were sampled in 2017 from 116 proportionally and randomly selected natural lakes and reservoir basins …

Seagrass Soil Archives Reveal Centennial-Scale Metal Smelter Contamination While Acting As Natural Filters, Anna Lafratta, O Serrano, Pere Masque, Miguel Mateo, Milena Fernandes, Sam Gaylard, Paul Lavery

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The upper Spencer Gulf in South Australia hosts the world's largest single stream Pb-Zn smelter, which has caused environmental and health issues related to elevated metal concentrations in the surrounding environment. The area also has extensive seagrass meadows, occupying >4000 km². We reconstructed the fluxes of heavy metals over the last ~3000 years through a multi-parameter study of the soil archives formed by the seagrass Posidonia australis. Pb, Zn and Cd concentrations increased up to 9-fold following the onset of smelter operations in the 1880s, and the stable Pb isotopic signatures confirmed the smelter has been the main …

The Purr Of The Lionfish: Sound And Behavioral Context Of Wild Lionfish In The Greater Caribbean, Michelle T. Schärer-Umpierre, Carlos Zayas, Richard S. Appeldoorn, Evan Tuohy, Jack C. Olson, Jessica A. Keller, Alejandro Acosta

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Passive acoustic technology has become a useful and cost-effective method to collect data with very high temporal resolution that can be used to detect the presence, distribution, and remotely monitor soniferous marine biodiversity. In order to maximize the potential of bioacoustic and soundscape research in the oceans, understanding the association between the different realms of sound sources, species-specific calls and behavioral context of sound production are fundamental. A previously unknown vocalization was associated with a behavioral display of lionfish (Pterois spp.) by recordings with synchronous audio and video at deep coral reefs in both Puerto Rico and the Florida …

Mapping Status And Conservation Of Global At-Risk Marine Biodiversity, Casey C. O'Hara, Juan Carlos Villaseñor-Derbez, Gina M. Ralph, Benjamin S. Halpern

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

To conserve marine biodiversity, we must first understand the spatial distribution and status of at‐risk biodiversity. We combined range maps and conservation status for 5,291 marine species to map the global distribution of extinction risk of marine biodiversity. We find that for 83% of the ocean, >25% of assessed species are considered threatened, and 15% of the ocean shows >50% of assessed species threatened when weighting for range‐limited species. By comparing mean extinction risk of marine biodiversity to no‐take marine reserve placement, we identify regions where reserves preferentially afford proactive protection (i.e., preserving low‐risk areas) or reactive protection (i.e., mitigating …

Ecological Consequences Of Sea Star Wasting Disease: Non-Consumptive Effects And Trait-Mediated Indirect Interactions From Pisaster Ochraceus, Timothy Ian Mcclure

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Consumptive effects (CEs) of predators are an important factor in structuring biological communities, but further work is needed to understand how the interaction between spatial and temporal differences in predator density affects non-consumptive effects (NCEs) on prey. NCEs can cause indirect effects on food resources, known as trait-mediated indirect interactions (TMIIs), and thus can also affect community structure. However, few studies have considered the relationships between spatial and temporal predator density variation and the strength of NCEs and TMIIs in the natural environment. The ochre star Pisaster ochraceus is common predator of the herbivorous black turban snail Tegula funebralis, imposing …

Role Of Carbonate Burial In Blue Carbon Budgets, V. Saderne, N.R. Geraldi, P.I. Macreadie, D.T. Maher, J.J. Middelburg, O. Serrano, H. Almahasheer, A. Arias-Ortiz, M. Cusack, B.D. Eyre, J.W. Fourqurean, H. Kennedy, D. Krause-Jensen, T. Kuwae, P.S. Lavery, C.E. Lovelock, N. Marba, P. Masqué, M.A. Mateo, I. Mazarrasa, K.J. Mcglathery, M.P.J. Oreska, C.J. Sanders, I.R. Santos

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Calcium carbonates (CaCO 3 ) often accumulate in mangrove and seagrass sediments. As CaCO 3 production emits CO 2 , there is concern that this may partially offset the role of Blue Carbon ecosystems as CO 2 sinks through the burial of organic carbon (C org ). A global collection of data on inorganic carbon burial rates (C inorg , 12% of CaCO 3 mass) revealed global rates of 0.8 TgC inorg yr −1 and 15–62 TgC inorg yr −1 in mangrove and seagrass ecosystems, respectively. In seagrass, CaCO 3 burial may correspond to an offset of 30% of the …

Habitat Discontinuities Form Strong Barriers To Gene Flow Among Mangrove Populations, Despite The Capacity For Long Distance Dispersal, Rachel M. Binks, Margaret Byrne, Kathryn Mcmahon, Georgina Pitt, Kathy Murray, Richard D. Evans

Research Datasets

Mangrove forests are among the world’s most important ecosystems but are declining rapidly worldwide. Effective conservation management requires a better understanding of the patterns and drivers of gene flow across a range of spatial scales.

Despite the capacity for long distance propagule dispersal, field studies suggest that mangrove propagules tend not to disperse far from the release point, which has important implications for the impact of habitat discontinuities on gene flow. We use a comprehensive seascape genomics approach to investigate this concept in the world’s most widely distributed mangrove species, Avicennia marina.

Location 21 sites along 2400 km of Western …

Global Trends In Marine Plankton Diversity Across Kingdoms Of Life, Federico M. Ibarbalz, Nicolas Henry, Manoela C. Brandão, Severine Martini, Greta Busseni, Hannah Byrne, Luis Pedro Coelho, Hisashi Endo, Josep Gasol, Ann C. Gregory, FréDéRic Mahe ́, Janaina Rigonato, Marta Royo-Llonch, Guillem Salazar, Isabel Sanz-SáEz, Eleonora Scalco, Dodji Soviadan, Ahmed A. Zayed, Adriana Zingone, Karine Labadie, Joannie Ferland, Claudie Marec, Stefanie Kandels, Marc Picheral, Celine Dimier, Julie Poulain, Sergey Pisarev, Margaux Carmichael, Stephane Pesant, Marcel Babin, Emmanuel Boss, Daniele Iudicone, Olivier Jaillon, Silvia G. Acinas, Hiroyuki Ogata, Eric Pelletier, Lars Stemmann, Matthew B. Sullivan, Shinichi Sunagawa, Laurent Bopp, Colomban De Vargas, Lee Karp-Boss, Patrick Wincker, Fabien Lombard, Chris Bowler, Lucie Zinger

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The ocean is home to myriad small planktonic organisms that underpin the functioning of marine ecosystems. However, their spatial patterns of diversity and the underlying drivers remain poorly known, precluding projections of their responses to global changes. Here we investigate the latitudinal gradients and global predictors of plankton diversity across archaea, bacteria, eukaryotes, and major virus clades using both molecular and imaging data from Tara Oceans. We show a decline of diversity for most planktonic groups toward the poles, mainly driven by decreasing ocean temperatures. Projections into the future suggest that severe warming of the surface ocean by the end …

Seagrass Sedimentary Deposits As Security Vaults And Time Capsules Of The Human Past, Dorte Krause-Jensen, Oscar Serrano, Eugenia T. Apostolaki, David J. Gregory, Carlos M. Duarte

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Seagrass meadows form valuable ecosystems, but are considered to have low cultural value due to limited research efforts in this field. We provide evidence that seagrass deposits play a hitherto unrealized central role in preserving valuable submerged archaeological and historical heritage across the world, while also providing an historical archive of human cultural development over time. We highlight three case studies showing the significance of seagrass in protecting underwater cultural heritage in Denmark, the Mediterranean and Australia. Moreover, we present an overview of additional evidence compiled from the literature. We emphasize that this important role of seagrasses is linked to …

Seagrass Removal Leads To Rapid Changes In Fauna And Loss Of Carbon, Michael N. Githaiga, Anna M. Frouws, James G. Kairo, Mark Huxham

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Seagrass habitats are important natural carbon sinks, with an average of ~14 kg C m⁻² buried in their sediments. The fate of this carbon following seagrass removal or damage has major environmental implications but is poorly understood. Using a removal experiment lasting 18 months at Gazi Bay, Kenya, we investigated the impacts of seagrass loss on sediment topography, hydrodynamics, faunal community structure and carbon dynamics. Sediment pins were used to monitor surface elevation. The effects of seagrass removal on water velocity was investigated using Plaster of Paris dissolution. Sediment carbon concentration was measured at the surface and down to …

The ‘Thing’ From This World, Sergio M. Pellis

Animal Sentience

Science progresses by making contrasts, and the living world is a gold mine of contrasts. Often disciplines become victims by focusing on too narrow a slice of that diversity, leading to a myopic view of how nature works. The relationships between the brain and behavior have been intensively studied in vertebrates, especially mammals, and we have become complacent in our assumptions about how behavior is constructed. As the target article by Mather (2019) shows, the relationship between the brain and behavior in octopuses forces us to reevaluate some of those assumptions.

River Report. State Of The Lower St. Johns River Basin, Florida: Water Quality, Fisheries, Aquatic Life, Contaminants, 2019, Environmental Protection Board, City Of Jacksonville, University Of North Florida, Jacksonville University, Gerry Pinto, Brian P. Zoellner, Christopher Baynard, Charles Closmann, Nisse Goldberg, Scott F. Jones, William Penwell, Radha Pyati, Adam E. Rosenblatt, Gretchen Bielmyer-Fraser

State of the River Report

No abstract provided.

Complete Mitochondrial Genome Of Callogorgia Cf. Gracilis (Octocorallia: Calcaxonia: Primnoidae), Erin E. Easton, David Hicks

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

We report the first complete mitochondrial genome of Callogorgia. Callogorgia cf. gracilis isolate DFH32_518B was collected by a remotely operated vehicle at 98 m on McGrail Bank (27.9840725°N, 92.604242°W). The complete mitogenome is 18,937 bp (27.8% A, 18.3% C, 19.8% G, and 34.1% T) and has the ancestral octocoral gene order for its 14 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes, and one tRNA gene. It is sister to and ∼96.6% similar (uncorrected) to Narella hawaiiensis, the only other complete mitogenome reported for Primnoidae. The cox1 + igr1 + mtMutS region differs by two base pairs (0.12%) from the only reported …

A High-Latitude, Mesophotic Cycloseris Field At 85 M Depth Off Rapa Nui (Easter Island), Bert W. Hoeksema, Javier Sellanes, Erin E. Easton

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Published records of mesophotic zooxanthellate corals from Rapa Nui (Easter Island) are rare and so far based only on dredged specimens and observations during scuba dives (Wells 1972, Glynn et al. 2003, 2007). During recent remotely operated vehicle (ROV) surveys off Rapa Nui (March 2016), a large and dense aggregation of zooxanthellate Cycloseris corals (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) with a density of approximately 500 ind m−2 was discovered (27°08΄55˝S, 109°26΄46˝W) on black sand in a depth range of approximately 79–85 m (Panels A, B). A few corals were overturned, exposing their white (azooxanthellate) undersides and sutures along which self-fragmentation took place (Panel …

Measuring, Mapping And Quantifying The Effects Of Trust And Informal Communication On Transboundary Collaboration In The Great Lakes Fisheries Policy Network, Andrew M. Song, Owen Temby, Dongkyu Kim, Angel Saavedra Cisneros, Gordon M. Hickey

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Ecosystem-based management of fisheries and other transboundary natural resources require a number of organizations across jurisdictions to exchange knowledge, coordinate policy goals and engage in collaborative activities. Trust, as part of social capital, is considered a key mechanism facilitating the coordination of such inter-organizational policy networks. However, our understanding of multi-dimensional trust as a theoretical construct and an operational variable in environmental and natural resource management has remained largely untested. This paper presents an empirical assessment of trust and communication measures applied to the North American Great Lakes fisheries policy network. Using a scale-based method developed for this purpose, we …