Entomology Commons^™

Book Review: The Beetles Of The World (Moron, M.A. 1990), Brett C. Ratcliffe

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

Depending on the audience, the Sciences Nat series on beetles of the world is either warmly embraced for its beautiful photography "enabling" picture identifications or rejected because of its simplistic approach to complex taxonomic issues. Moron, operating under a narrow set of editorial guidelines (e.g., no keys), has done a remarkably good job at bridging this gap with his treatment of Pelidnotina. The result is not only a beautiful book (as most in this series are), but one that is also scientifically credible. Given that any revision of Plusiotis deserved a color rendition, and that the Sciences Nat series is …

Nebline, February 1991

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Ag Update: Agricultural News & Events

Home Extension News

On-the-Grow: Horticulture News & Recommendations

The Cloverline: 4-H News and Events

Extension Calendar

and other extension news

Hexapos Herald - Vol. 2, No. 2, February 1, 1991

Hexapod Herald and Other Entomology Department Newsletters

Miscellaneous

Congratulations

Grants

Publications

Graduate students

Departmental travelers

Calendar of events

University of Nebraska service awards

Insect Immune Response To Bacterial Infection Is Mediated By Eicosanoids, David W. Stanley-Samuelson, Ellen Jensen, Kenneth Nickerson, Kristina C. Tiebel, Clyde Ogg, Ralph W. Howard

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Inhibition of eicosanoid formation in larvae of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta, using specific inhibitors of phospholipase A₂, cyclooxygenase, and lipoxygenase, severely weakened the ability of larvae to clear the bacterium Serratia marcescens from their hemolymph. The reduced capability to remove bacteria is associated with increased mortality due to these bacteria. There is a dose-dependent relationship between the phospholipase A₂ inhibitor dexamethasone and both the reduced bacterial clearance and increased larval mortality. The dexamethasone effects on larval survival were reversed by treatment with arachidonic acid. Maleic acid, a nonspecific antioxidant, did not interfere with the insects' …

Hexapod Herald - Vol. 2, No. 1, January 14, 1991

Hexapod Herald and Other Entomology Department Newsletters

Grants

Spring 1991 semester

Graduate students

Departmental visitors

Departmental travelers

Publications

Miscellaneous

Susceptibility Of Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Colony Areas To Southern Pine Beetle Infestation In East Texas, James H. Mitchell, David L. Kulhavy

Faculty Publications

Seven red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) colonies and stands within a one-quarter mile radius were hazard-rated for susceptibility to the southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus Frontalis Zimm.). Individual colonies generally were ranked low to moderate hazard using the Texas Hazard system and moderate hazard using the National Forest Risk system. Within one quarter mile of the colonies, 28% of the stands were low hazard, 25% moderate, 0.3% high and 7.5% extreme with Texas Hazard. Four percent were low hazard, 52% moderate, and 6% high with National Forest Risk. Moderate to extreme hazard stands within one-quarter mile of the …

The Lucifotychus Of Eastern North America (Coleoptera: Pselaphidae), Donald S. Chandler

New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station Publications

(none)

Invertebrate Responses To The Effects Of Thinning And Understory Burning In A Canyon Live Oak (Quercus Chrysolepis) Forest In The San Bernardino Mountains, California, Marcia Gay Narog

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

Biota Of Magazine Mountain (Ii): A Preliminary List Of The Macrolepidoptera Fauna, Robert T. Allen, Richard L. Brown

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Collections during the past three years have demonstrated a large and diverse Lepidoptera fauna on Magazine Mountain, Logan County, Arkansas. During the study, over 5,000 specimens were collected at ten different localities on the mountain. To date, 274 species of macromoths have been identified. Twenty-six of these species are new state records while four of the taxa appear to be new species. Localities and the approximate dates when the specimens were collected are reported.

Nebline, January 1991

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Ag Update: Agricultural News & Events

Home Extension News

On-the-Grow: Horticulture News & Recommendations

The Cloverline: 4-H News and Events

Extension Calendar

and other extension news

Life History Studies, Host Records, And Morphological Description Of Genitalia Of Eurytoma Tylodermatis Ashm. (Hymenoptera : Eurytomidae) From South Dakota, Burruss Mcdaniel, Arvid A. Boe

Native Plant Focused Publications

Eurytoma tylodermatis Ashm. was found to be parasitic on Acanthoscelides perforatus (Horn) in seed pods of Canada milk- vetch {Astragalus canadensis L.). Observations on larval behavior and frequency of parasitism are discussed. Male and female genitalia of E. tylodermatis are illustrated.

A New Bruchophagus From Glycyrrhiza Lepidota Pursh In The Northern Great Plains (Hymenoptera : Chalcidoidea : Eurytomidae), Burruss Mcdaniel, Arvid A. Boe

Native Plant Focused Publications

A new species, Bruchophagus grisselli McDaniel and Boe, which infests seeds of Glycyrrhiza lepidota Pursh (American licorice), is described and illustrated. It's known from South Dakota and North Dakota in the USA. A field study at 8 sites showed that B. grisselli has a wide distribution throughout the Dakotas.

Preserved Grasshopper Fauna Of Knife Point Glacier, Fremont County, Wyoming, U.S.A., Jeffrey A. Lockwood, Craig D. Thompson, Larry D. Debrey, Charles M. Love, Richard A Nunamaker, Robert E. Pfadt

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

In 1987 and 1988, samples of preserved insects were extracted from the ice of Knife Point Glacier, Fremont County, Wyoming. The glacier lies at an altitude of 3500 m a.s.l. in the Shoshone National Forest, Wind River Range, and is known to contain preserved insects. Although the glacier has undergone extensive recession in the last 50 yr, some insect deposits are still embedded at 20 to 25 cm below the surface and perhaps much deeper. The frozen deposits appear to consist entirely of grasshoppers. A few, virtually intact, specimens and body parts were in a state of preservation that allowed …

Factors Affecting Parental Investment Strategies In Male Waterbugs, Scott Kight

Masters Theses

Male giant waterbugs (Belostoma flumineum Say) brood eggs oviposited on their dorsi by conspecific females. Preliminary observations indicate that viable egg pads are sometimes discarded before hatching. Theory predicts that such behavior should occur only if costs incurred by brooding exceed benefits of hatching the egg pad. The amount of paternal investment per pad should be similar for both large and small pad sizes, but as egg pads become smaller, investment per egg increases. Thus, smaller pads should be more likely to be discarded unhatched than larger ones. Similarly, egg pads containing inviable eggs should also be more frequently …

Factors Affecting Parental Investment Strategies In Male Waterbugs, Scott Kight

Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Male giant waterbugs (Belostoma flumineum Say) brood eggs oviposited on their dorsi by conspecific females. Preliminary observations indicate that viable egg pads are sometimes discarded before hatching. Theory predicts that such behavior should occur only if costs incurred by brooding exceed benefits of hatching the egg pad. The amount of paternal investment per pad should be similar for both large and small pad sizes, but as egg pads become smaller, investment per egg increases. Thus, smaller pads should be more likely to be discarded unhatched than larger ones. Similarly, egg pads containing inviable eggs should also be more frequently …

Potential Of Starch Encapsulated Semiochemical-Insecticide Formulations For Adult Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Control, Thomas J. Weissling, Lance J. Meinke

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Field and laboratory experiments were conducted from 1987 through 1989 to determine if plant-derived semiochemicals and carbamate insecticides, encapsulated in starch-borate (SBM) and pregelatinized-starch (PGM) matrices, could be used to attract and kill corn rootworm (Diabrotica spp.) beetles. D. virgifera virgifera LeConte adults were concentrated in plots within a corn (Zea mays L.) field, following application of SBM granules formulated with semiochemicals and carbaryl. However, resulting mortality was low even though beetles were observed feeding on the granules. Low mortality levels appear to have been caused by a loss of carbaryl during the formulation process. Laboratory assay results indicated …

Mechanisms Of Hybrid Sunflower Resistance To The Sunflower Midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Marc D. Anderson, Gary J. Brewer

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A study was conducted to identify mechanisms of resistance in sunflower to the sunflower midge, Contarinia schulzi Gagné. Infestation ratings, larval counts, and damage ratings were used to quantify midge resistance in seven sunflower hybrids grown at three locations. Six of the seven hybrids possessed midge resistance. Each hybrid was further categorized with respect to infestation resistance, antibiosis, and tolerance. Two bud characteristics, percent open and size, were examined for their contribution to infestation resistance. The percentage of time that buds of each hybrid were open was negatively correlated with infestation (indicating a preference for the open characteristic). Infestations were …

Feeding By Reticulitermes Spp., Deborah A. Waller

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Commitment To Metamorphosis In Tsetse (Glossina Morsitans Centralis): Temporal, Nutritional And Hormonal Aspects Of The Decision, David L. Denlinger, Jan Žďárek

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Larvae of Glossina morsitans centralis were manually extruded from the uterus of the female at different times during the third (final) larval instar to evalute their competence to initiate metamorphosis. Parturition is a gated response in tsetse, and in this species the peak of activity occurred 8.7 h after the onset of the daily 12 h photophase. Larvae aborted a few hours prematurely were completely competent to crawl and pupariated within 1-2 h, but a portion of the puparia blackened before tanning. Younger larvae (22.9 mg vs full grown weight of 33.6 mg) were also competent to crawl, but after …

Volatile Components Of Banana Pseudostem Of A Cultivar Susceptible To The Banana Weevil, Isaiah O. Ndiege, William J. Budenberg, Wilber Lwande, Ahmed Hassanali

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Volatiles from banana ('githumo''cultivar) pseudostem were trapped using porapak S. The trapped volatiles were desorbed from porapak columns by elution with dichloromethane and analysed using GC and GC-MS. The volatile compounds identified included α-pinene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, limonene, α-cubebene, α-copaene, α-cedrene, β-caryophyllene and α-humulene. © 1992.

Biota Of Magazine Mountain (I): An Outline Of The Natural History Of Magazine Mountain, Robert T. Allen

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

One plant and five invertebrate species are thought to be endemic to Magazine Mountain, Logan County, Arkansas. The mountain is the highest point in the Interior Highlands reaching 2,753 feet. Previous studies have recorded over 650 species of plants including (or in addition to) 27 fern species. The animal fauna is less well known. It is suggested that an inventory of the biota of the mountain could be completed within the foreseeable future. It is further suggested that such an inventory would be useful in answering questions relevant to understanding the evolution and biogeography of selected taxa in North America. …

Spiders Collected In Southeast Arkansas By The Pit Trap Method, Peggy Rae Dorris

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

By employing the pit-trap method, thousands of spiders were collected from primarily pine-hardwood stands which had undergone different forestry treatments in Bradley and Drew counties. Fourteen families and 120 species of spiders were collected, two of which were new state records.

Oviposition And Larval Bionomics Of Two Weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) On Sunflower, Gary J. Brewer

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Use of cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annum L.) as a host by two species of seed weevils, Smicronyx fulvus LeConte, the red sunflower seed weevil, and S. sordidus LeConte, the gray sunflower seed weevil, was compared using dissection of achenes from naturally and artificially infested plants. The gray seed weevil oviposits on the tips of unopened sunflower florets before anthesis. Larvae migrate through the corolla tube, penetrate the developing achene, and begin extensive feeding at the achene base. Achenes infested by the gray sunflower seed weevil are enlarged, lack an embryo, and appear to be a type of gall. The …

Gelled Diet For Screwworm (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Mass Production, David B. Taylor, Jimmy C. Bruce, Rene Garcia

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A rearing system based on a diet gelled with Water-Lock G400, a synthetic superabsorbent (poly(2-propenamide-co-2-propenoic acid, sodium salt))( WL), was compared with the standard rearing system (liquid diet suspended in acetate fibers) for the mass production of screwworms, Cochlomyia hominivorax (Coquerel). The WL rearing system yielded 2% heavier pupae, 32% higher egg to pupa survival, and required 54% less diet and 88% less labor than the standard rearing system. Other advantages of the WL system include reduced susceptibility to suboptimal environmental conditions and labor practices, and characteristics conducive to centralization and mechanization of rearing procedures.

Effect Of Starch-Based Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Baits On Selected Nontarget Insect Species: Influence Of Semiochemical Composition, Thomas J. Weissling, Lance J. Meinke, Kandy A. Lytle

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Various starch-encapsulated semiochemical-insecticide formulations, developed for potential use in adult corn rootworm (Diabrotica spp.) management programs, were evaluated in the laboratory and field for effectiveness on corn rootworm beetles: a carabid, Harpalus pennsylvanicus DeGeer; and a coccinellid, Coleomegilla maculata lengi Timberlake. Carbaryl was formulated in pregelatinized starch matrices along with Diabroticaspecific semiochemicals. The specific combination of feeding-gustatory stimulants encapsulated within or coating the outside of starch granules significantly influenced effectiveness. Allstarch formulations containing feeding-gustatory stimulants effectively killed Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte adults in laboratory and field bioassays. However, H. pennsylvanicus and C. m. lengi mortality was greatly reduced when …

The Fatty Acid Compositions Of Phospholipids And Triacylglycerols From Two Chinch Bug Species Blissus Leucopterus Leucopterus And B. Iowensis (Insecta: Hemiptera; Lygaeidae) Are Similar To The Characteristic Dipteran Pattern, Barbara P. Spike, Robert J. Wright, Stephen D. Danielson, David W. Stanley-Samuelson

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

1. The fatty acid compositions of phospholipids and triacylglycerols prepared from whole chinch bugs Blissus leucopterus leucopterus and B. iowensis were analyzed.
2. The fatty acid profiles from these insects are different from those from all other insect groups so analyzed, except most Diptera.
3. The major components include 16:0 and 18:0, high proportions of 16:1 and 18:1 and low proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
4. The fatty acid profiles were similar for several categories from both species of chinch bugs, including adult males and females, prediapausing and diapausing adults, and nymphs.

Screening For Highly Effective Isolates Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Against Spodoptera Exempta And Spodoptera Littoralis, M. Hamal, M. Brownbridge, M. Broza, B. Sneh

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Several new isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner have shown significantly higher levels of insecticidal activity than the previous best isolates (Bt24- entomocidus and IH-A- aizawai) against both Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. and Spodoptera exempta Walker. The best ones, in the following descending order of potency, were: against S. littoralis — K26–21, MF4B–2, MR1–37, K28–30, K26–8; against S. exempta — Bt-3, K30–3, HD-133, MR1–37, Bt-17, K26–8, K26–21, MF4B-2, HD-593. Larvae of S. exempta were considerably more susceptible (4.12–1.25 fold) to some of the isolates (Bt-3, K30–3, HD-133, MR1–37, Bt-17, K26–8, HD-593) than S. littoralis. © 1991, Springer Science + Business Media B.V.. …

Juvenile Hormone Binding To A 500-K Diapause-Associated Protein Of The Stem-Borer, Busseola Fusca, Ellie O. Osir, Gopalan C. Unnithan, Glenn D. Prestwich

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

1. 1. The larval haemolymph of the stem-borer, Busseola fusca Fuller (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) contains a high molecular weight protein (Mr ∼ 500,000) that is induced only during diapause. This diapause-induced protein, termed Busseola diapause protein (BDP), has been previously isolated and characterized. 2. 2. In this study, BDP has been shown to be a specific juvenile hormone (JH) binder by labelling with epoxybisfarnesyl diazoacetate (EBDA), the photoactivatable analog of JH I (10R, 11S). 3. 3. In a direct binding assay, BDP was also shown to bind [3H]-JH I (10R, 11S) with high affinity (Kd ∼ 120 nM). 4. 4. These …

Body-Size And Wing-Length Variation Among Selected Grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) From Nebraska's Sandhills Grasslands, Sarah B. Gaines

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Morphological variation in six grasshopper species is examined. Statistics describing collections (adult males and females) made during July 1986 and July and August 1987 are given. Five of the species are characterized by long wings, and the sixth is wing-length dimorphic. Additional collections at several western Nebraska grassland sites were used to examine relationships between nymph population density and wing-length frequencies in adults. Coefficients of variation were also calculated to facilitate designs of future experiments.

Pheromonal Trapping Of Chilo Partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Moths In Relation To Male Population Density And Competition With Females, Gopalan Chandran Unnithan, Kailash Narain Saxena

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The numbers of laboratory-reared males of Chilo partellus (SWINHOE) which were released, both in a screenhouse and in the field, and recaptured in virgin female-baited traps were positively correlated. Pheromone trap catches were reduced by 75–100% when 18 or 36 virgin females were placed in two concentric circles of radii 10 m and 20 m occupying an area of 1,257 sq m. around the trap. Mated females surrounding the trap did not cause a significant decrease in the trap catch. Tethered virigin females surrounding a virgin female-baited trap competed successfully among themselves and with the trap for receptive males, the …