Entomology Commons^™

Tiger Beetles Common During Summer Months, Tanja Mckay, Aldemaro Romero Jr.

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Nebline, January 2005

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Partnering With the Community: Lancaster County Extension Collaborates with over 125 Community Partners
Crop Protection Clinic on Jan. 24
Reduce Soil Compaction by Controlling Traffic in Fields
“10 Ways to Boost Profit by $20/Acre” Workshop on Jan. 26
Increased Quantities of Stored Corn Heighten Need to Preserve Quality
Things to Consider When Planting on an Acreage
Understanding Groundwater
Paving and Other Soil Surfacing
Chainsaws — Cut Safely and Comfortably
Latest U.S. Drought Monitor Map
Can You Guess It?
StairWELL to Better Health
Cranberry Apple Crisp Recipe
It’s the Berries!
Choose Your Drinks Wisely — It Makes Sense, and Saves Cents! …

Tapeworms Of Elasmobranchs (Part I) A Monograph On The Lecanicephalidea (Platyhelminthes, Cestoda), Kirsten Jensen

Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum (1924–2023)

This represents the first monographic and phylogenetic treatment of the order Lecanicephalidea. The main objective was to treat the Lecanicephalidea at the generic level, while providing information on morphology, taxonomic history, phylogenetic relationships, geographic distribution, and host associations of the group. Following an introduction to the morphology of the Lecanicephalidea, the phylogenetic placement of the group is addressed. This is followed by a review of the taxonomic history of the group and relationships within, including summaries of 29 previously used classification schemes. Despite the generic focus of this study, the taxonomic status of 137 previously recognized lecanicephalidean species was evaluated, …

Adult Dispersal Of Ostrinia Nubilalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) And Its Implications For Resistance Management In Bt-Maize, J. A. Qureshi, L. L. Buschman, James E. Throne, S. B. Ramaswamy

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Dispersal of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis Hubner was examined by release and recapture of the dye marked adults and by capture of the feral adults in and around the large 50 ha center pivot irrigated fields of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize. Pheromone and black light traps were used to catch the adults. In 1999, 15 094 marked males and 7993 marked females were released, and in 2001, 13 942 marked males and 9977 marked females were released. In 1999, maximum mean recapture beyond the release point was 1.95 and 1.67% for males and females, but in 2001, the recapture …

Sperm Stratification And Paternity Success In Red Flour Beetles, Sara M. Lewis, Annika Kobel, Tatyana Fedina, Richard W. Beeman

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

When females are inseminated by multiple males, male paternity success (sperm precedence) is determined by the underlying processes of sperm storage and sperm utilization. Although informative for many questions, two-male sperm competition experiments may offer limited insight into natural mating scenarios when females are likely to mate with several males. In this study, genetic markers in Tribolium castaneum are used to trace paternity for multiple sires, and to determine whether displacement of stored sperm that occurs after a third mating equally affects both previous mates, or if fertilizations are disproportionately lost by the female’s most recent mate. For 20 days …

Fifty-Four State Records Of True Bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) From Arkansas, Stephen W. Chordas Iii, Henry W. Robison, Eric G. Chapman, Betty G. Crump, Peter W. Kovarik

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The terrestrial true bug (Hemipterar: Heteroptera) fauna of Arkansas is poorly represented in the literature. Between 1998 and 2004, we retained Hemiptera specimens collected while conducting a few scattered entomological projects. Ninety-nine species of terrestrial Hemiptera, representing 15 families, were collected from various locations within 9 Arkansas counties. Of these 99 species, 54 are new state records for Arkansas. The majority of these 54 new state records are of common, widespread species that would be expected for Arkansas. Twenty-two of the 54 species have been reported for at least 4 states bordering Arkansas, whereas only 5 species (all Miridae) were …

Nuclear Genome Diversity And Relationships Among Naturally Occurring Buffalograss Genotypes Determined By Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism Markers, O. Gulsen, Robert C. Shearman, Kenneth P. Vogel, Donald J. Lee, P. Stephen Baenziger, Tiffany M. Heng-Moss, Hikmet Budak

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.] has the potential for increased use as a turfgrass species due to its low maintenance and water conservation characteristics. This study was conducted to estimate diversity and relationships among naturally occurring buffalograss genotypes based on the nuclear genome, using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. The 56 genotypes studied represented five ploidy levels collected from diverse geographic locations in the North American Great Plains. In addition, blue grama [Bouteloua gracilis (H.B.K.) Lag. Ex Steud.] and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) were included as outgroups. Twenty-five combinations of forward and reverse primers were used. …

Only Large Amounts Of Powdered Sugar Applied Directly To Brood Cells Harms Immature Honey Bees, Nicholas P. Aliano, Marion D. Ellis

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

We applied measured amounts of powdered sugar directly to honey bee brood combs containing eggs and larvae of known age groups. 24 h later, we compared powdered sugar-treated brood with similarly aged cohorts of immature bees that did not receive powdered sugar. Low and high doses of powdered sugar (0.3 and 0.6 g per 151.5 ± 1.0 cells, respectively) caused significant egg removal of 62.2 ± 5.1% and 86.1 ± 5.1%, respectively, when compared to eggs that received no powdered sugar (t = 16.91; df = 29; P = 0.0001). Powdered sugar had no effect on 5-day-old honey bee larvae …

Nymphal Rnai: Systemic Rnai Mediated Gene Knockdown In Juvenile Grasshopper, Ying Dong, Markus Friedrich

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Grasshopper serves as important model system in neuroscience, development and evolution. Representatives of this primitive insect group are also highly relevant targets of pest control efforts. Unfortunately, the lack of genetics or gene specific molecular manipulation imposes major limitations to the study of grasshopper biology.

Results

We investigated whether juvenile instars of the grasshopper species Schistocerca americana are conducive to gene silencing via the systemic RNAi pathway. Injection of dsRNA corresponding to the eye colour gene vermilion into first instar nymphs triggered suppression of ommochrome formation in the eye lasting through two instars equivalent to 10–14 days in …

Host Blood Proteins And Peptides In The Midgut Of The Tick Dermacentor Variabilis Contribute To Bacterial Control, Daniel E. Sonenshine, Wayne L. Hynes, Shane M. Ceraul, Robert Mitchell, Tiffany Benzine

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Antimicrobial midgut proteins and peptides that result from blood digestion in feeding American dog ticks Dermacentor variabilis (Say) were identified. Midgut extracts from these ticks showed antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus, regardless of whether they were challenged with peptidoglycan, blood meal components, rabbit blood, Bacillus subtilis, Escherischia coli or Borrelia burgdorferi. However, no peptide band co-migrating with defensin was found in midgut extracts from the challenged ticks. Partial purification of the midgut extracts using C₁₈ Sep Paks and gel electrophoresis showed the presence of 4 distinct bands with rMW 4.1, 5.3, 5.7 and 8.0 kDa identified …

Defensin In Ticks: Molecular Characterization, Expression, And Role In Innate Immunity, Daniel E. Sonenshine, Wayne L. Hynes, Shane M. Ceraul, Michelle Todd

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

El Niño Causes Dramatic Outbreak Of Paederus Dermatitis In East Africa, Ingeborg M.C.J. Van Schayk, Ruben O. Agwanda, John I. Githure, John C. Beier, Bart G.J. Knols

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

An outbreak of Paederus sabaeus rove beetles in Kenya during the 1997-1998 El Niño resulted in a dramatic increase of vesicular dermatitis in its capital Nairobi. The beetle, popularly called ‘Nairobi Fly’, contains a potent toxic fluid that causes epidermolysis and acute conjunctivitis. A cross-sectional epidemiological study involving 1,208 Nairobi residents was conducted to determine the health impact of this outbreak. The results showed that one-third of the Nairobi population were infected during this period. The majority of the respondents reported lesions on exposed body parts above the shoulders. Disfiguring, painful blisters and skin rashes in and around the facial …

Integrated Pest Management Of The Mexican Rice Borer In Louisiana And Texas Sugarcane And Rice, Francis P. F. Reay-Jones

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Interactions between sugarcane, Saccharum spp., and the invasive species Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar), were evaluated in field experiments and in the greenhouse with rice, Oryza sativa L., as an additional host. By determining adult emergence holes together with percent bored internodes, a novel method for evaluating sugarcane cultivar resistance was developed. In 2001, LCP 85-384 had the greatest moth production per hectare, significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) than HoCP 85-845. High levels of sodium and magnesium salt stress in the soil were associated with higher E. loftini injury in all cultivars except HoCP 91-555 and CP 70-321. Irrigation …

Second Record Of The Dipluran, Occasyapyx Carltoni Allen, 1988 (Japygidae) From Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Christopher Carlton

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Identification, Cloning And Expression Of A Cry1ab Cadherin Receptor From European Corn Borer, Ostrinia Nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Ronald D. Flannagan, Cao-Guo Yu, John P. Mathis, Terry E. Meyer, Xiaomei Shi, Herbert A. A. Siqueira, Blair D. Siegfried

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Transgenic corn expressing the Cry1Ab toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis is highly toxic to European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, larvae. A putative Cry1Ab receptor (OnBt-R1) molecule was cloned and sequenced from a cDNA library prepared from midgut tissue of O. nubilalis larvae. The 5.6 Kb gene is homologous with a number of cadherin genes identified as Cry1 binding proteins in other lepidopterans. Brush border membrane vesicles were prepared using dissected midguts from late instars. A 220-kDa protein was identified as a cadherin-like molecule, which bound to Cry1Ab toxin and cross-reacted with an anti-cadherin serum developed from recombinant expression of a …

Quality Of Transgenic Laboratory Strains Of Cochliomyia Hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae), Margaret L. Allen, Philip J. Scholl

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Genetically modified, mass reared insects present novel possibilities for the future of insect control. One concern about manipulation of insects is a possible loss of strain quality due to the introduction of a foreign gene of any sort into the insect genome. Eight transgenic strains of screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), were compared with the wild-type parental laboratory strain in laboratory culture. Measurements of average fertility, fecundity, larval productivity, and longevity were analyzed. Two transgenic strains had significantly lower larval productivity than controls, one of which was explained by a homozygous lethal insertion of the transgene. Another strain produced …

Review Of Integrated Pest Management In The Global Arena, By K. M. Maredia, D. Dakouo, And D. Mota-Sanchez, Gary J. Brewer

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Integrated Pest Management in the Global Arena is a large book with 39 chapters and >500 pages of text. Despite the wide range of topics and numerous contributing authors, the book is consistently well written and worth reading in its entirety or by selectively choosing particular topics. The book should be a welcome reference for researchers and extension personnel across disciplines as well as for policy makers in government agencies and nongovernmental organizations working to promote integrated pest management (IPM) and sustainable agriculture. The reader can select any chapter and find a relevant discussion of IPM. As someone who teaches …

Multiple Transatlantic Introductions Of The Western Corn Rootworm, Nicholas Miller, Arnaud Estoup, Stefan Toepfer, Denis Bourguet, Laurent Lapchin, Sylvie Derridj, Kyung Seok Kim, Philippe Reynaud, Lorenzo Furlan, Thomas Guillemaud

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Prevention of biological invasions, as opposed to remedial eradication of invasive species, represents the most cost-effective and perhaps only hope for stemming the current homogenization of the world's biota (1). Here we describe the introduction routes into Europe of the western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, WCR), the most destructive pest of corn in the United States. Armed with this knowledge, it will be possible to better gauge the prevention strategies that might be adopted

91. Biodiversidade E Abundância De Insetos E Seletividade De Inseticidas Na Eea-Irga, Cachoeirinha, Rs, Tiago Finger Andreis, Leila Lucia Fritz, Elvis Arden Heinrichs, Marciele Pandolfo, Letícia Diaz Da Silva, Jaime Vargas De Oliveira, Lidia Mariana Fiuza

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Introdução: Os ecossistemas que compreendem as áreas de arroz irrigado e seus arredores abrigam uma grande diversidade de insetos (Hook, 1994). Muitos possuem importância para o homem, dentre eles os insetos-praga, que podem causar grandes impactos e prejuízos em lavouras orizícolas devido aos seus hábitos alimentares e reprodutivos. Outros insetos fazem parte desses agroecossistemas, como os inimigos-naturais, que compreendem predadores e parasitóides, que auxiliam no controle de insetospraga, desempenhando um papel fundamental no Manejo Integrado de Pragas (Heinrichs e Barrion, 2004). Nesse contexto, esse estudo objetivou avaliar a biodiversidade abundância de insetos, e a seletividade de inseticidas nas áreas de …

Expressed Sequence Tags From Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Midgut Identify A Coleopteran Cadherin And A Diversity Of Cathepsins, Blair D. Siegfried, N. Waterfield, R. H. Ffrench-Constant

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The Western corn rootworm is the major pest of corn in the USA and has recently become the target for insect-resistant transgenic crops. Transgenic crops have switched the focus for identifying insecticide targets from the insect nervous system to the midgut. Here we describe a collection of 691 sequences from the Western corn rootworm midgut, 27% of which predict proteins with no matches in current databases. Of the remaining sequences, most predict proteins with either catalytic (62%) or binding (19%) functions, as expected for proteins expressed in the insect midgut. The utility of this approach for the identification of targets …

Susceptibility Of Biological Stages Of The Horn Fly, Haematobia Irritans, To Entomopathogenic Fungi (Hyphomycetes), C. A. Angel-Sahagún, R. Lezama-Gutiérrez, J. Molina-Ochoa, E. Galindo-Velasco, M. López-Edwards, O. Rebolledo-Domínguez, C. Cruz-Vázquez, W. P. Reyes-Velázquez, S. R. Skoda, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The susceptibility of the egg, pupa, and adult of Haematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) to isolates of the fungi Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sor., Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (Wize) Brown and Smith, was evaluated under laboratory conditions. Groups of 20 eggs than 4 h old, pupae less than 48h old and adults were sprayed with a conidial suspension of each isolate. Eggs, pupae and adults of horn fly were susceptible to these entomopathogenic fungi. For treated eggs, the isolates Ma3, Ma 15, Ma25, Pfr1, and Pfr8 reduced adult emergence to 3.8% to 6.3% in comparison with the control …

A Strategy For Using Powdered Sugar To Reduce Varroa Populations In Honey Bee Colonies, Nicholas P. Aliano, Marion D. Ellis

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

We developed a technique to remove varroa (Varroa destructor) from adult honey bees (Apis mellifera) using powdered sugar. Our technique requires isolating a colony’s adult bee population in a detachable box prior to powdered sugar application. We designed a detachable ‘bee box’ that connects to the colony’s entrance and is capable of holding the adult bee population. By applying a bee repellent, Bee Go®, to a colony, we forced adult bees into the bee box where they were subsequently dusted with 225 g of powdered sugar. Adult honey bee populations treated in this manner dropped 76.7 ± 3.6% (n = …

In Vivo Role Of 20-Hydroxyecdysone In The Regulation Of The Vitellogenin Mrna And Egg Development In The American Dog Tick, Dermacentor Variabilis (Say), Deborah M. Thompson, Sayed M.S. Khalil, Laura A. Jeffers, Usha Ananthapadadmanaban, Daniel E. Sonenshine, Robert D. Mitchell, Christopher J. Osgood, Charles S. Apperson, R. Michael Roe

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Injection of the hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-E) into partially fed (virgin) female adults of the American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis, while they are attached and feeding on the rabbit host, initiated the expression of the vitellogenin (Vg) gene, and Vg protein secretion and uptake by the ovary. The induction of egg production by 20-E in this bioassay was dose dependent in the range of 1-50 times the concentration normally found in a replete, vitellogenic female. Ticks examined 4d after the 50x treatment were still attached to the host, had numerous enlarged vitellin-filled (brown) oocytes in their ovaries, but had not …

The Presence Of Plasmodium Falciparum Gametocytes In Human Blood Increases The Gravidity Of Anopheles Gambiae Mosquitoes, Heather M. Ferguson, Louis C. Gouagna, Peter Obare, Andrew F. Read, Hamza Babiker, John Githure, John C. Beier

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

We conducted a field study in an area of endemic malaria transmission in western Kenya to determine whether mosquitoes that feed on gametocyte-infected blood but do not become infected have reduced or enhanced fecundity in comparison to mosquitoes fed on uninfected blood. Fifteen paired membrane-feeding experiments were conducted in which two strains of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes were simultaneously fed on either Plasmodium falciparum-infected blood from children or uninfected control blood from adults. The presence of noninfecting gametocytes in blood increased the probability that An. gambiae would produce eggs after one blood meal by sixfold (odds ratio for control relative to …

Functional Response Of Six Indigenous Trichogrammatid Egg Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) In Kenya: Influence Of Temperature And Relative Humidity, Andrew Kalyebi, W. A. Overholt, F. Schulthess, J. M. Mueke, S. A. Hassan, S. Sithanantham

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the functional responses of six species/strains of native Kenyan trichogrammatids using the factitious pyralid host, Corcyra cephalonica, under different temperature and relative humidity regimes. The objective was to identify promising species/strains for controlling the noctuid Helicoverpa armigera, a serious pest of vegetables in Kenya. The six species/strains of Trichogramma and Trichogrammatoidea represented collections from low (<700 m), mid (between 700 and 1200 m) and high (>1200 m) altitude locations. They were compared for parasitisation rates at six temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C) and two relative humidity levels (40-50% and 70-80%), at five host egg densities (6, 12, 18, 24, and …

Seasonal Abundance And Detection Of West Nile Virus In Ceratopogonids (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) In East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana, Isidra Joselina Sabio

LSU Master's Theses

The seasonal abundance and species composition of ceratopogonids (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in East Baton Rouge parish was described from light trap collections at 15 sites. A total of 4,968 collections were processed, and 48,667 ceratopogonids were collected from 20 November, 2002 through 25 November, 2004. Three genera of ceratopogonids (Forcipomyia Meigen, Atrichopogon Kieffer, and Culicoides Latrielle) and a total of 18 species of the genus Culicoides were identified. Ceratopogonids had distinctive spring and fall population peaks. Ceratopogonids were collected in every month during the study, with the exception of February 2004. These results suggest that certain species of Culicoides may …

Evaluation Of Beauveria Bassiana And Host Plant Resistance For The Management Of Rice Stink Bug In Rice Agro-Ecosystem, Dilipkumar Thakorbhai Patel

LSU Master's Theses

Isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin were tested for biological control of rice stink bug, Oebalus pugnax (Fab.), in the laboratory, in small-plot field experiments compared with conventional insecticides, and in a large-plot experiment to determine the spread and persistence of the fungus. The soil-derived isolate LRC28 was more virulent to O. pugnax adults than the rice stink bug-derived isolate RSB in a laboratory experiment. The fungal isolates did not differ from one another in reducing insect numbers or in infecting rice stink bugs in the small-plot experiments. A single application of B. bassiana reduced rice stink bug nymphs on …

Liquid Feeding In The Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis Invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Kathryn Shea O'Brien

LSU Master's Theses

In order to accurately test liquid bait effectiveness in the lab, we determined that a starvation time of 96h is more appropriate than 72h of starvation time for laboratory fire ants (Solenopsis invicta Buren) to better simulate foraging ants in the field. Densities and viscosities of two commercial baits and 20% sugar water at 25C were measured then compared to amount of material consumed per ant at these physical properties. Mean densities of 20% sugar water, Dr. Moss, and Terro were 1.051, 1.287, and 1.354 g/mL, respectively, and viscosity of each bait treatment varied in the same order but more …

Phylogenetic Revision Of The Genus Mesynodites Reichardt (Coleptera: Histeridae: Hetaeriinae), Alexey K. Tishechkin

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Mesynodites is the largest genus within the exclusively inquilinous (social insect-associated) histerid beetle subfamily Hetaeriinae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Histeridae). The 44 described species are systematically revised, and new taxa are described based on newly discovered species and the results of a cladistic analysis. The work was based on available type specimens representing 42 species and approximately 2500 specimens of non-type material. Phylogenetic hypotheses were based on maximum parsimony analysis of 150 morphological characters derived from a selection of Mesynodites species and representatives of related genera. This analysis confirmed that, in its current concept, Mesynodites is not a monophyletic taxon. Species included …

Evaluation Of Selected Refuges In A Bollgard Cotton Production System: Heliothine Movement And Effects On Boll Injury, Rhett Hunter Gable

LSU Master's Theses

During 2001-2003, distribution of heliothine- (bollworm, Helicoverpa zea [Boddie], and tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens [F.]) injured bolls in a transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) Bollgard® and non-Bt refuge cotton system was evaluated in several experiments. Heliothine-damaged bolls were significantly higher and seedcotton yields were lower in the non-Bt refuge than in the Bollgard® areas of fields. The highest probability in occurrence of damaged bolls was at sites near the center of the non-Bt refuge. Number of damaged bolls and probability values describing occurrence decreased from the center of the refuge to sites near the interface (adjacent rows) of the non-Bt …