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Articles 7231 - 7260 of 11445

Full-Text Articles in Entomology

Recent Reduction In The Water Level Of Lake Victoria Has Created More Habitats For Anopheles Funestus, Noboru Minakawa, Gorge Sonye, Gabriel O. Dida, Kyoko Futami, Satoshi Kaneko Aug 2008

Recent Reduction In The Water Level Of Lake Victoria Has Created More Habitats For Anopheles Funestus, Noboru Minakawa, Gorge Sonye, Gabriel O. Dida, Kyoko Futami, Satoshi Kaneko

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Background. The water level of Lake Victoria has fallen more than 1.5 m since 1998, revealing a narrow strip of land along the shore. This study determined whether the recent drop in the water level has created additional breeding grounds for malaria vectors. Methods. The recent and past shorelines were estimated using landmarks and a satellite image. The locations of breeding habitats were recorded using a GPS unit during the high and low lake water periods. GIS was used to determine whether the breeding habitats were located on newly emerged land between the new and old shorelines. Results. Over half …

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Nebline, August 2008 Aug 2008

Nebline, August 2008

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

4-H’ers Develop Leadership Skills at Lancaster County Fair
Plant Alfalfa in August
How to Minimize Losses When Storing Hay Outside
Buffer pH Indicates Amount of Lime to Add to Acid Soil
Two-Spotted Spider Mites
Seeding New Cool Season Turfgrass
Slow-Release Fertilizers
Why Do Petunias Do That?
Converting Outdoor Flowers to House Plants for Winter
Fruit and Veggie “Bites”
$tretch Your Food Dollar by Eating More Fruits and Vegetables!
Healthy Eating: Pasta Frittata with Tomatoes
Family & Community Education (FCE) Clubs: Presidents’ Notes—Bonnie’s Bits
FCE News & Events
FCE Sizzling Summer Sampler a Success
Boost Your Child’s Brain Power
Household Hints: …

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Outstanding In Their Field: The Phenotype Of The 21st Century Plant Breeder, P. Stephen Baenziger, Robert A. Graybosch, Ismail M. Dweikat, Stephen N. Wegulo, Gary L. Hein, Kent M. Eskridge Aug 2008

Outstanding In Their Field: The Phenotype Of The 21st Century Plant Breeder, P. Stephen Baenziger, Robert A. Graybosch, Ismail M. Dweikat, Stephen N. Wegulo, Gary L. Hein, Kent M. Eskridge

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Plant breeding is a highly interdisciplinary science that requires the skills and teamwork of many scientists to be successful. In the 21st century, plant breeding will reap the benefits of the rapid advances in genomics research and understanding, as well as, advances in information and mechanical technology. The skill and success of plant breeders will be determined by their ability to use their resources efficiently, retaining those proven methodologies and augmenting them with novel approaches to meet their breeding objectives. Once the objective is determined, the plant breeder must: 1. identify and incorporate the needed genetic variability, 2. inbreed and …

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Longevity-Fertility Trade-Offs In The Tephritid Fruit Fly, Anastrepha Ludens, Across Dietary-Restriction Gradients, James R. Carey, Lawrence G. Harshman, Pablo Liedo, Hans-Georg Müller, Jane-Ling Wang, Zhen Zhang Aug 2008

Longevity-Fertility Trade-Offs In The Tephritid Fruit Fly, Anastrepha Ludens, Across Dietary-Restriction Gradients, James R. Carey, Lawrence G. Harshman, Pablo Liedo, Hans-Georg Müller, Jane-Ling Wang, Zhen Zhang

Lawrence G. Harshman Publications

Although it is widely known that dietary restriction (DR) not only extends the longevity of a wide range of species but also reduces their reproductive output, the interrelationship of DR, longevity-extension and reproduction is not well understood in any organism. Here we address the question: “Under what nutritional conditions do the longevity-enhancing effects resulting from food restriction either counteract, complement or reinforce the mortality costs of reproduction? To answer this question we designed a fine-grained DR study involving 4,800 individuals of the tephritid fruit fly Anastrepha ludens in which we measured sex-specific survival and daily reproduction in females in each …

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Resource Allocation And Bionomics Of Indigenous And Exotic Cotesia (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Species Reared On Sesamia Calamistis, Y. Hailemichael, F. Schulthess, J. Smith, W. Overholt, A. Chabi-Olaye Aug 2008

Resource Allocation And Bionomics Of Indigenous And Exotic Cotesia (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Species Reared On Sesamia Calamistis, Y. Hailemichael, F. Schulthess, J. Smith, W. Overholt, A. Chabi-Olaye

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The braconid larval parasitoids Cotesia chilonis (Matsumura), C. flavipes Cameron and a strain of Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron) from coastal Kenya, reared at the International Centre of Insect Ecology and Physiology, were introduced at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture in the Republic of Benin for suitability testing on West African stemborers prior to release. C. chilonis was originally collected in Japan while C. flavipes was imported into Kenya from Pakistan. The host species used was the noctuid Sesamia calamistis (Hampson), the most important noctuid maize pest in the region. All three Cotesia species attacked and successfully developed in 2nd to …

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Role Of Native Bees And Natural Habitats In Eggplant (Solanum Melongena) Pollination In Kenya, Barbara Gemmill-Herren, Alfred O. Ochieng' Aug 2008

Role Of Native Bees And Natural Habitats In Eggplant (Solanum Melongena) Pollination In Kenya, Barbara Gemmill-Herren, Alfred O. Ochieng'

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The pollination requirements of eggplant (Solanum melongena) were investigated. One variety of eggplant exhibited a significantly reduced seed set in absence of pollinators, and two varieties significantly increased seed numbers when pollen deposition was enhanced. Two solitary bee species, Xylocopa caffra and Macronomia rufipes, were identified as effective pollinators of the crop. The visitation rates of these pollinators to eggplant flowers declined significantly with distance from the wild habitat. The importance of wild plants as alternative forage source for pollinators was assessed by a survey of the flowering plants in different habitats surrounding eggplant fields. While ruderal farm weeds provide …

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Dermestid Beetles, Erin W. Hodgson, Katherine Coats, Alan H. Roe Aug 2008

Dermestid Beetles, Erin W. Hodgson, Katherine Coats, Alan H. Roe

All Current Publications

Dermestid beetles are in the family Dermestidae and order Coleoptera. These beetles are sometimes called larder beetles or carpet beetles. Adults range from 1 to 12 mm in length and have variable body coloration. In general, they are hairy, dark-colored, elongated, and have clubbed antennae. The larvae are light brown and can be up to 13 mm long. Many larvae have spines, called setae, on the back of the abdomen that are helpful with identification. Dermestid larvae and adults have chewing mouthparts.

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Squash Bug, Diane Alston, James Barnhill Aug 2008

Squash Bug, Diane Alston, James Barnhill

All Current Publications

Squash bug (Anasa tristis) is a “true bug” with piercingsucking mouthparts (Order Hemiptera) in the leaffooted bug family (Coreidae). It is common throughout the U.S. and found from Canada to Central America. Adults (Fig. 1) emit a foul odor when disturbed and may be called “stink bugs”; however, true stink bugs are in a different true bug family.

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Carpenter Bees, Erin W. Hodgson, Jessie Trina Aug 2008

Carpenter Bees, Erin W. Hodgson, Jessie Trina

All Current Publications

Carpenter bees are large, hairy bees in the genus Xylocopa and order Hymenoptera. There are over 500 species of carpenter bees distributed worldwide. In Utah, we have two common species, X. californica and X. tabaniformis. Carpenter bees in Utah are most likely found in Washington, Kane and Garfield counties, and are rarely found in Salt Lake and Utah counties.

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Cold Rearing Improves Cold-Flight Performance In Drosophila Via Changes In Wing Morphology, Melanie R. Frazier, Jon F. Harrison, Scott D. Kirkton, Stephen P. Roberts Jul 2008

Cold Rearing Improves Cold-Flight Performance In Drosophila Via Changes In Wing Morphology, Melanie R. Frazier, Jon F. Harrison, Scott D. Kirkton, Stephen P. Roberts

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

We Use a Factorial Experimental Design to Test Whether Rearing at Colder Temperatures Shifts the Lower Thermal Envelope for Flight of Drosophila Melanogaster Meigen to Colder Temperatures. D. Melanogaster that Developed in Colder Temperatures (15°C) Had a Significant Flight Advantage in Cold Air Compared to Flies that Developed in Warmer Temperatures (28°C). at 14°C, Cold-Reared Flies Failed to Perform a Take-Off Flight ∼47% of the Time Whereas Warm-Reared Flies Failed ∼94% of the Time. at 18°C, Cold- and Warm-Reared Flies Performed Equally Well. We Also Compared Several Traits in Cold- and Warm-Developing Flies to Determine If Cold-Developing Flies Had Better …

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Hexapod Herald - Vol. 20, No. 3, July 2008 Jul 2008

Hexapod Herald - Vol. 20, No. 3, July 2008

Hexapod Herald and Other Entomology Department Newsletters

Contents:
Congratulations
Welcome
Grants
Workshop News
Publications
Meet a Distance Student
Faculty News
Student News
From Gary’s Desk
Condolences
Travel
Blasts from the Pasts

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Nebline, July 2008 Jul 2008

Nebline, July 2008

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Homemade Skillet Meals: Easy, Healthy & Low-Cost
Create Your Own Skillet Meal
Colorful Annual Vines
Watch out for Poison Ivy
Summer Pruning of Apple Trees
Keep the Vegetables Coming with a Fall Garden
Cost of Pumping Water for Domestic and Acreage Needs
Managing Financial Risk During Boom Periods
Plan the Timing of Grass Hay Harvest
Midges: Non-biting Gnats
Midge Control Program at Capitol Beach
Bats In and Around Structures
Bats and Disease
Supermarket Savings: 16 Tips that Can Total Big Bucks
Family & Community Education (FCE) Clubs: Presidents’ Notes—Bonnie’s Bits
FCE News & Events
Household Hints: Swimsuit Care
Strengthening Family …

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Economic Performance Of The 'Push-Pull' Technology For Stemborer And Striga Control In Smallholder Farming Systems In Western Kenya, Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, Esther M. Njuguna, David M. Amudavi, Japhether M. Wanyama, John A. Pickett Jul 2008

Economic Performance Of The 'Push-Pull' Technology For Stemborer And Striga Control In Smallholder Farming Systems In Western Kenya, Zeyaur R. Khan, Charles A.O. Midega, Esther M. Njuguna, David M. Amudavi, Japhether M. Wanyama, John A. Pickett

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The 'push-pull' technology (PPT), developed in Africa, offers effective control of cereal stemborers and Striga weed in maize-based cropping systems. It involves intercropping maize with desmodium, Desmodium uncinatum, with Napier grass, Pennisetum purpureum, planted as border around this intercrop. Desmodium repels the stemborer moths (push) that are subsequently attracted to the Napier grass (pull). Desmodium also suppresses and eliminates Striga. We assessed economic performance of this technology compared to the conventional maize mono- and maize-bean intercropping systems in six districts in western Kenya over 4-7 years. Ten farmers were randomly recruited in each district and each planted three plots representing …

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Fungus Gnats, Erin W. Hodgson, Brooke A. Lambert Jul 2008

Fungus Gnats, Erin W. Hodgson, Brooke A. Lambert

All Current Publications

Fungus gnats are small, long-legged flies in the families Mycetophilidae and Sciaridae. The dark-winged fungus gnat, Bradysia spp. is one of the most common indoor pests. Adults fly over plants, but consume only liquids and are harmless to plants.

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Pseudoscorpions, Erin W. Hodgson, Alan H. Roe, Brooke Lambert Jul 2008

Pseudoscorpions, Erin W. Hodgson, Alan H. Roe, Brooke Lambert

All Current Publications

Pseudoscorpions, also known as false scorpions or book scorpions, are arachnids in the order Pseudoscorpionida. There are more than 3,300 different species of pseudoscorpions throughout the world, with the most dense populations found in the tropics and subtropics. They can be found throughout Utah.

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Beneficial Insects: Lacewings And Antilions, Erin W. Hodgson, Jessie Trina Jul 2008

Beneficial Insects: Lacewings And Antilions, Erin W. Hodgson, Jessie Trina

All Current Publications

Lacewings and antlions are insects in the order Neuroptera. There are over 4,000 different species of lacewings and antlions throughout the world. In general, the adults have soft bodies, long antennae, and prominent eyes.

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A Review Of The Genus Chortophaga (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Among Nebraska Populations: Questioning The Validity Of Chortophaga Australior Rehn And Hebard, Mathew L. Brust, W. Wyatt Hoback, Robert J. Wright Jun 2008

A Review Of The Genus Chortophaga (Orthoptera: Acrididae) Among Nebraska Populations: Questioning The Validity Of Chortophaga Australior Rehn And Hebard, Mathew L. Brust, W. Wyatt Hoback, Robert J. Wright

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Chortophaga australior Rehn and Hebard (Orthoptera: Acrididae) is considered a species distinct from Chortophaga viridifasciata (DeGeer). Collections across Nebraska have shown that the characters used to separate these two species are inconsistent and that the average state of these characters appears to be related to the time of the season during which the adults are collected. Until further study clarifies the status of C. australior, we suggest that its specific status be considered questionable.

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First Record Of Diaphorina Citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) From The Sultanate Of Oman, Talal S. Zadjali, Rohani Ibrahim, Ahmed K. Al-Rawahi Jun 2008

First Record Of Diaphorina Citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) From The Sultanate Of Oman, Talal S. Zadjali, Rohani Ibrahim, Ahmed K. Al-Rawahi

Insecta Mundi

Mexican acid lime, Citrus aurantifolia (L.) Swingle (Rutaceae), is the most popular citrus species in Oman and is the second most important economic crop. The cultivated area of acid lime in the period of 2001-2004 ranged between 4460-2880 feddans (1 feddan = 1.038 acres = 0.420 hectares), with an annual production of about 8160-5875 metric tonnes (Anonymous 2004).

Previous surveys did not reveal any record of psyllids on citrus in Oman. However, the most important psyllid species attacking citrus, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), was recently observed on C. aurantifolia. It was observed first at Barka (Al-Batinah region) on …

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Gynandromorphs In The Genera Ophiogomphus Selys, 1854 And Ischnura Charpentier, 1840 (Odonata: Gomphidae, Coenagrionidae), K. J. Tennessen Jun 2008

Gynandromorphs In The Genera Ophiogomphus Selys, 1854 And Ischnura Charpentier, 1840 (Odonata: Gomphidae, Coenagrionidae), K. J. Tennessen

Insecta Mundi

A gynandromorph of Ophiogomphus smithi Tennessen and Vogt from Wisconsin and a gynandromorph of Ischnura hastata (Say) from Alabama are described. The specimens appear to be bilateral in that they display mostly left/right separation of male and female characters.

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The First Record Of Merycomyia Whitneyi (Johnson), Tribe Bouvieromyiini (Diptera: Tabanidae), From Texas And From West Of The Mississippi River, James T. Goodwin, Emmanuel D. Williams Jun 2008

The First Record Of Merycomyia Whitneyi (Johnson), Tribe Bouvieromyiini (Diptera: Tabanidae), From Texas And From West Of The Mississippi River, James T. Goodwin, Emmanuel D. Williams

Insecta Mundi

The first collections of Merycomyia whitneyi (Johnson), (Diptera: Tabanidae: Chrysopsinae: Bouvieromyiini) from Texas and from west of the Mississippi River are reported, and the Nearctic species of the Tribe Bouvieromyiini are discussed.

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Description Of The Male Of Plectromerus Michelii Nearns And Branham, 2008 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), Eugenio H. Nearns Jun 2008

Description Of The Male Of Plectromerus Michelii Nearns And Branham, 2008 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), Eugenio H. Nearns

Insecta Mundi

The previously unknown male of Plectromerus michelii Nearns and Branham is described and illustrated.

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Phylogenetic Revision Of Eryphanis Boisduval, With A Description Of A New Species From Ecuador (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae), Carla M. Penz Jun 2008

Phylogenetic Revision Of Eryphanis Boisduval, With A Description Of A New Species From Ecuador (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae), Carla M. Penz

Insecta Mundi

This study provides a species-level phylogeny for the Neotropical brassoline genus Eryphanis Boisduval based on 43 morphological characters. A revised generic definition is given. Three subspecies are elevated to species status and a new species is described; E. bubocula (Butler, 1872), status revised; E. lycomedon (C. Felder and R. Felder, 1862), status revised; E. opimus (Staudinger, 1887), status revised; and E. greeneyi Penz and DeVries, new species. Diagnoses, annotated redescriptions, and illustrations of habitus and genitalia are provided for the nine Eryphanis species.

Includes Corrigenda of 8/22/2008.

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Nebline, June 2008 Jun 2008

Nebline, June 2008

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Local Dairy Entrepreneurs Are Filling Market Niches
Effect of Fuel Price Increase on Production Costs
Calibrating Hand-Held Sprayers
Practice Water Conservation to Lengthen Septic System Life
Don’t Mistake Blossom End Rot for Mold on Tomatoes
Control of Biting Flies
Add “Star” Appeal to Fruit Dishes
Fresh Food, Fun, Friendly People: Farmers’ Markets
$tretch Your Food Dollar by Using Dry Milk
Frozen Fudge Bars Recipe
Presidents’ Notes—Bonnie’s Bits
Household Hints: Go Green—Clean with Vinegar
FCE News & Events
June is Home Safety Month— Tips for creating a safer home
Youth Can Explore Career Options at Big Red Camps
Emerging Pest: Emerald …

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Genetic And Biological Variations Among Plutella Xylostella Granulovirus Isolates, S. Subramanian, R. J. Rabindra, S. Sithanantham Jun 2008

Genetic And Biological Variations Among Plutella Xylostella Granulovirus Isolates, S. Subramanian, R. J. Rabindra, S. Sithanantham

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Success of a baculovirus in the field depends on the selection and utilization of effective isolates of viruses with increased pathogenicity and virulence. Isolates of Plutella xylostella granuloviruses collected from Kenya and India were compared for genetic variations by restriction endonuclease enzyme analysis and for biological activity based on their median lethal concentration and time-to-kill early- and late-third instars. The P. xylostella granulovirus isolates in Kenya were more diverse than those in India and were considerably different from the latter, with only 53-61% similarity. The Kenyan and Indian isolates did not differ significantly for their median lethal concentration, but the …

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Can Low Release Numbers Lead To Establishment And Spread Of An Exotic Parasitoid: The Case Of The Diamondback Moth Parasitoid, Diadegma Semiclausum (Hellén), In East Africa, G. Gichini, B. Löhr, A. Rossbach, B. Nyambo, R. Gathu Jun 2008

Can Low Release Numbers Lead To Establishment And Spread Of An Exotic Parasitoid: The Case Of The Diamondback Moth Parasitoid, Diadegma Semiclausum (Hellén), In East Africa, G. Gichini, B. Löhr, A. Rossbach, B. Nyambo, R. Gathu

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

From 2001 onwards, Diadegma semiclausum, an exotic parasitoid of the diamondback moth, was introduced and released in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. Contrary to common practice where thousands of parasitoids are released, we released very low numbers, 125 females in Kenya, 160 in Uganda and 350 in Tanzania. About 2 years after this single release, the establishment and natural spread of the parasitoids was assessed in all release areas. Two methods were employed: in Kenya, a grid with equidistant points in the four cardinal directions (2-50 km) with the release area in the centre was used and collections were made 27 …

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Farmers' Perceptions Of A 'Push-Pull' Technology For Control Of Cereal Stemborers And Striga Weed In Western Kenya, Zeyaur R. Khan, David M. Amudavi, Charles A.O. Midega, Japhether M. Wanyama, John A. Pickett Jun 2008

Farmers' Perceptions Of A 'Push-Pull' Technology For Control Of Cereal Stemborers And Striga Weed In Western Kenya, Zeyaur R. Khan, David M. Amudavi, Charles A.O. Midega, Japhether M. Wanyama, John A. Pickett

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Striga and cereal stemborers are major constraints to cereal production in sub-Saharan Africa causing serious food security concerns. The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE) and partners have developed a novel integrated management system called the 'push-pull' technology (PPT) in mitigation. This involves inter-cropping maize with a stemborer moth-repellent forage legume, silverleaf desmodium (push), and planting an attractive trap crop, Napier grass (pull), around the intercrop. Additionally, chemicals produced from desmodium roots inhibit Striga. We evaluated farmers' perceptions of the pests, PPT attributes and factors influencing the likelihood of its adoption in 15 districts in western Kenya. A …

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Fire Blight, Kent Evans, Erin Frank, Taun Beddes, Mike Pace Jun 2008

Fire Blight, Kent Evans, Erin Frank, Taun Beddes, Mike Pace

All Current Publications

The fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea, is a common defoliator of ornamental and fruit trees in Utah. Starting around late July, the caterpillars, webbing, and damage become noticeable, particularly in some of the canyons adjacent to populated areas (Little Cottonwood canyon, Logan canyon, Provo canyon, etc.).

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Grasshoppers, Edward W. Evans, Erin Hodgson Jun 2008

Grasshoppers, Edward W. Evans, Erin Hodgson

All Current Publications

Grasshoppers are among the most conspicuous insects in Utah, and are viewed by many as also among the most injurious to our crops and rangelands. In any given year, thousands of acres may be sprayed throughout the state to reduce potential damage.

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Human Parasites, Ryan S. Davis, Erin W. Hodgson Jun 2008

Human Parasites, Ryan S. Davis, Erin W. Hodgson

All Current Publications

Entomologists often get “bug” samples for identification, including those that accidentally infest residences. In the United States, we are fortunate to have very few arthropods (e.g., insects, spiders, mites, ticks, etc.) that actually infest or feed on humans.

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Scorpions, Erin W. Hodgson, Alan H. Roe Jun 2008

Scorpions, Erin W. Hodgson, Alan H. Roe

All Current Publications

Scorpions are eight-legged carnivorous arthropods and belong to the class Arachnida. This class also includes ticks, spiders, and mites. There are approximately 1,300 species of scorpions worldwide and 75 species in the United States, but only 9 are recognized in Utah (Table 1). Scorpions are usually found in semiarid deserts. Most species that occur in the United States have been found in Arizona, parts of Texas, and central Oklahoma.

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