Entomology Commons^™

Susceptibility Of The Endangered Karner Blue Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) To Bacillus Thuringiensis Var. Kurstaki Used For Gypsy Moth Suppression In Michigan, Catherine Papp Herms, Deborah G. Mccullough, Leah S. Baue, Robert A. Haack, Deborah L. Miller, Normand R. Dubois

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We investigated the phenological and physiological susceptibility of the endangered Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) to Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Bt), a product widely used for gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) suppression in Michigan and other infested states. We monitored phenology of the bivoltine Karner blue in two regions of Michigan from 1993 to 1995 to determine if larval stages overlapped temporally with the period of Bt application for gypsy moth suppression. Karner blue larvae of the spring generation were found during the period that Bt was applied in nearby areas in 1993 only. However, spring-generation …

The Assassin Bug Zelus Luridus (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) In Michigan's Upper Peninsula, Philip A. Cochran, James R. Hodgson, Adam A. Leisten

The Great Lakes Entomologist

(excerpt)

On 17 July 1992, an assassin bug (Zelus luridus Stal) was flushed from the stomach of a smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) collected in West Long Lake of the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center, Gogebic County, Michigan.

Introduced Purple Loosestrife As Host Of Native Saturniidae (Lepidoptera), James G. Barbour, Erik Kiviat

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria,Lythraceae) arrived in North America nearly 200 years ago. In 1969 we first found larvae of the native Cecropia (Hyalophora cecropia) and Polyphemus (Antheraea polyphemus) moths (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) on loosestrife in the Hudson River Valley, New York, and we have since found Io (Automeris io) on this plant. A census of 4th and 5th instar saturniids in four 0.25 ha plots in purple loosestrife-gray dogwood (Cornus racemosa) wet meadows near Saugerties in 1984 indicated that Polyphemus and Cecropia larvae occurred much more frequently on loosestrife than on dogwood, a …

Urophora Affinis And U. Quadrifasciata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Released And Monitored By Usda, Aphis, Ppq As Biological Control Agents Of Spotted And Diffuse Knapweed, R. F. Lang, R. D. Richard, R. W. Hansen

The Great Lakes Entomologist

USDA, APHIS, PPQ has distributed the seedhead gall flies Urophora affinis and U. quadrifasciata (Diptera: Tephritidae) as classical biological agents of the introduced weeds spotted and diffuse knapweed (Centaurea maculosa and C. diffusa, respectively) (Asteraceae) in the United States. From 1987 to 1996, Urophora spp. have been released in 97 counties in 14 midwestern and western states. Established populations of U. affinis and U. quadrifasciata are confirmed in 85 and 95 counties, respectively, among all 14 states. These include the first reports of successful establishment of Urophora spp. in Arizona (two counties), Colorado (eight counties), Michigan (one county), Minnesota …

Effects Of Feeding By Two Folivorous Arthropods On Susceptibility Of Hybrid Poplar Clones To A Foliar Pathogen, Kier D. Klepzig, Daniel J. Robison, Eugene B. Smalley, Kenneth F. Raffa

The Great Lakes Entomologist

We investigated variation in folivore-induced effects on subsequent plant suitability to a foliar pathogen. We used a leaf disk assay to expose three clones of hybrid poplar, NC11382, NE332 and NM6, to colonization by a leaf spot pathogen, Septoria musiva. Undamaged leaf disks of NE332 were the most resistant to S. musiva, followed by NM6 and NC11382, respectively. To test the effects of prior herbivory on subsequent susceptibility to this fungal pathogen, we inoculated S. musiva on leaf disks taken from leaves which had been exposed to feeding by Tetranychus mites or cottonwood leaf beetles. Prior activity by …

Evaluation Of Paederus Littorarius (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) As An Egg Predator Of Chrysoteuchia Topiaria (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae In Wisconsin Cranberry Bogs, Sandra Haase-Statz

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A preliminary study was conducted to determine if the rove beetle, Paederus littorarius Grav., would exhibit a feeding preference for the eggs of the pyralid moth, Chrysoteuchia topiaria Zeller, a pest in Wisconsin cran­berry bogs. Individuals were offered a choice of C. topiaria eggs or Drosophila sp. adults for four days. Total number of prey items eaten was converted to weight using a multiplier based on the mean weight of 20 individuals of each prey item, respectively. A significant preference for Drosophila adults was observed in the preference trial; however as many as 24 C. topiaria eggs in addition to …

Hexagenia Bilineata (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae) Persists At Low Levels Of Abundance In The Lower Fox River, Wisconsin, Phillip A. Cochran, Andrew P. Kinziger

The Great Lakes Entomologist

After burrowing mayflies (Hexagenia bilineata) were first noted in the vicinity of the DePere Dam on the Fox River in 1991, adults have been observed in small numbers each summer since then. It is possible that the Fox River population has remained at low levels because of an Allee effect. In addition, it is possible that the population is still limited by poor environmental quality, presumably in the upper layer of sediment inhabited by the larvae. Two other relatively sensitive species associated with benthic habitat, the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and the lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens), have been observed in …

New Record Of Brachycercus Maculatus Berner (Ephemeroptera: Caenidae) From New York And A Key To Larvae Of Northeastern Species, Steven K. Burian, Margaret A. Novak, Robert W. Bode, Lawrence Abele

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Brachycercus maculatus, a member of a rare group of mayflies, is now recorded for the first time from New York State in the upper Hudson River. An illustrated key to the Brachycercus larvae of northeastern North America is provided to spur further study of the genus in the region.

Notes On The Life Histories Of Acrosternum Hilare And Cosmopepla Bimaculata (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) In Southern Illinois, J. E. Mcpherson, D. L. Tecic

The Great Lakes Entomologist

The life histories of Acrosternum hilare and Cosmopepla bimaculata were studied in southern Illinois from May 1972 to September 1974 and from September 1992 to June 1995. Both species were bivoltine, overwintered as adults, and became active in early spring. The subsequent generations were characterized by marked overlapping of the nymphal instars. No active adults were found after early November.

Nearctic Acleris: Resurrection Of A. Stadiana And A Revised Identity For A. Semiannula (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Michael Sabourin, Ronald J. Priest, William E. Miller

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Type study showed that Acleris stadiana (Barnes & Busck), currently considered a junior synonym of A. semiannula (Robinson), is in fact a distinct taxon. Although superficially similar, these taxa differ markedly in genital structure. In males of A. semiannula, the aedeagus is short, broad, and virtually straight, whereas in those of A. stadiana, it is long, thin, and sharply bent. What was known in literature as A. semiannula proved to be A. stadi­ana. We redefine both A. semiannula and the resurrected A. stadiana.

The Mayfly Newsletter, Donna J. Giberson

The Mayfly Newsletter

The Mayfly Newsletter is the official newsletter of the Permanent Committee of the International Conferences on Ephemeroptera.

Antagonistic Actions Of Juvenile Hormone And 20-Hydroxyecdysone Within The Ring Gland Determine Developmental Transitions In Drosophila, Suning Liu, Kang Li, Yue Gao, Xi Liu, Weiting Chen, Wei Ge, Qili Feng, Subba Reddy Palli, Sheng Li

Entomology Faculty Publications

In both vertebrates and insects, developmental transition from the juvenile stage to adulthood is regulated by steroid hormones. In insects, the steroid hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), elicits metamorphosis, thus promoting this transition, while the sesquiterpenoid juvenile hormone (JH) antagonizes 20E signaling to prevent precocious metamorphosis during the larval stages. However, not much is known about the mechanisms involved in cross-talk between these two hormones. In this study, we discovered that in the ring gland (RG) of Drosophila larvae, JH and 20E control each other’s biosynthesis. JH induces expression of a Krüppel-like transcription factor gene Kr-h1 in the prothoracic gland (PG), a …

Octapartite Negative-Sense Rna Genome Of High Plains Wheat Mosaic Virus Encodes Two Suppressors Of Rna Silencing, Adarsh K. Gupta, Gary L. Hein, Robert A. Graybosch, Satyanarayana Tatineni

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

High Plains wheat mosaic virus (HPWMoV, genus Emaravirus; family Fimoviridae), transmitted by the wheat curl mite (Aceria tosichella Keifer), harbors a monocistronic octapartite single-stranded negative-sense RNA genome. In this study, putative proteins encoded by HPWMoV genomic RNAs 2–8 were screened for potential RNA silencing suppression activity by using a green fluorescent protein-based reporter agroinfiltration assay. We found that proteins encoded by RNAs 7 (P7) and 8 (P8) suppressed silencing induced by single- or doublestranded RNAs and efficiently suppressed the transitive pathway of RNA silencing. Additionally, a Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV, genus Tritimovirus; family Potyviridae …

Behavioral Observations Of Drosophila Melanogaster As Compared To Humans, Ali Hosey, Marissa Arnett

Natural Sciences Student Research Presentations

In this poster for the Natural Sciences Poster Session at Parkland College, students posit whether there are behavioral similarities between fruit flies and humans, given the genetic similarity. Using both wild type and vestigial wing fruit flies, the students concluded that, while there were no obvious individual behaviors, there might be a similar drive to congregate together.

Nebraska Invasive Plants Field Guide, Nebraska Invasive Species Program

Nebraska Invasive Species Program

Invasive species are plants, animals or pathogens that are non-native to an ecosystem. They cause harm to the economy, environment or human health. They negatively affect native species and ecosystems and interfere with outdoor recreation opportunities. This guide identifies federal and state-listed noxious weeds. Federal noxious weeds are regulated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture; State noxious weeds are regulated by the Nebraska Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Protection, Noxious Weed Program. Aquatic invasive species are listed and regulated by Nebraska Game and Parks Commission.

ABSINTH WORMWOOD • AMUR HONEYSUCKLE • AUTUMN OLIVE • BRITTLE NAIAD • CALLERY …

Large Effect Quantitative Trait Loci For Salicinoid Phenolic Glycosides In Populus: Implications For Gene Discovery, Scott A. Woolbright, Brian J. Rehill, Richard L. Lindroth, Stephen P. Difazio, Gregory D. Martinsen, Matthew S. Zinkgraf, Gerard J. Allan, Paul Keim, Thomas G. Whitham

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Genomic studies have been used to identify genes underlying many important plant secondary metabolic pathways. However, genes for salicinoid phenolic glycosides (SPGs)—ecologically important compounds with significant commercial, cultural, and medicinal applications—remain largely undescribed. We used a linkage map derived from a full-sib population of hybrid cottonwoods (Populus spp.) to search for quanti- tative trait loci (QTL) for the SPGs salicortin and HCH-salicortin. SSR markers and primer sequences were used to anchor the map to the V3.0 P. trichocarpa genome. We discovered 21 QTL for the two traits, including a major QTL for HCH-salicortin (R2 = .52) that colocated with a …

Rnai-Mediated Knockdown Of Vatpase Subunits Affects Survival And Reproduction Of Bed Bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), Sanjay Basnet, Shripat T. Kamble

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The common bed bug, Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) has resurged as one of the most troublesome household pests affecting people across the globe. Bed bug infestations have increased in recent years primarily due to the evolution of insecticide resistance and the insect’s ability to hitchhike with travelers. vATPases are one of the most evolutionarily conserved holoenzymes in eukaryotes, which are mainly involved in proton transport across the plasma membranes and intracellu­lar organelles. RNA interference (RNAi) has been developed as a promising tool for insect control. In this study, we used RNAi as an approach to knock down subunits A …

An Engineer Cantonment Bestiary: The Art Of Titian Ramsay Peale, Hugh H. Genoways, Thomas E. Labedz

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Includes an overview of the work of American nature artist Titian Ramsay Peale as part of the Stephen H. Long Expedition, 1819-1820, at Engineer Cantonment in eastern Nebraska, USA.

Includes textual descriptions and/or reproductions of watercolors and lined drawings by Peale of banded killifish (Fundulus diaphanous), American White Pelican (Pelecanus erythrothynchos), Wood Duck (Aix sponsa), Rough-legged Hawk (Buteo lagopus/Falco lagopus), Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis tabida), Pectoral Sandpiper (Calidris melanotos), Scarlet Tanager (Piranga olivacea), American Tree Sparrow (Spizella arborea), Yellow-headed Blackbird (Xanthocephalus …

Diet Breadth Evolution And Diversification Of A Generalist Insect Herbivore, Mayra Cadorin Vidal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Insect herbivores are one of the most diverse groups of multicellular organisms, and the vast majority are specialists, which feed on only a few plant species. The factors that cause some herbivores to be specialists and others to be generalists are still unclear. It is known that the selective forces from natural enemies (top-down) and the host plants (bottom-up) influence an herbivore's diet breadth. In my meta-analysis evaluating the relative important of top-down and bottom-up forces on insect herbivore fitness, I found that herbivores usually have greater performance on better quality plants and in the absence or reduction of enemy …

Effects Of Anthropogenic Noise On Mating Behavior And Fitness, Gabrielle A. Gurule-Small

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

When environments change rapidly, adaptive phenotypic plasticity can ameliorate negative effects of environmental change on survival and reproduction. Recent evidence, however, suggests that plastic responses to human induced environmental change are often maladaptive or insufficient to overcome novel selection pressures. Anthropogenic noise is a ubiquitous and expanding disturbance with demonstrated effects on fitness-related traits of animals like stress responses, foraging, vigilance, and pairing success. Elucidating the lifetime fitness effects of noise has been challenging because long-lived vertebrate systems are typically studied in this context. In both chapters described herein, I reared field crickets, Teleogryllus oceanicus, in masking traffic noise, …

Altering Plant Defenses: Herbivore-Associated Molecular Patterns And Effector Arsenal Of Chewing Herbivores, Saumik Basu, Suresh Varsani, Joe Louis

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Chewing herbivores, such as caterpillars and beetles, while feeding on the host plant, cause extensive tissue damage and release a wide array of cues to alter plant defenses. Consequently, the cues can have both beneficial and detrimental impacts on the chewing herbivores. Herbivore-associated molecular patterns (HAMPs) are molecules produced by herbivorous insects that aid them to elicit plant defenses leading to impairment of insect growth, while effectors suppress plant defenses and contribute to increased susceptibility to subsequent feeding by chewing herbivores. Besides secretions that originate from glands (e.g., saliva) and fore- and midgut regions (e.g., oral secretions) of chewing herbivores, …

Environmental Effects On Drosophila Brain Development And Learning, Xia Wang, Amei Amei, J. Steven De Belle, Stephen P. Roberts

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Brain development and behavior are sensitive to a variety of environmental influences including social interactions and physicochemical stressors. Sensory input in situ is a mosaic of both enrichment and stress, yet little is known about how multiple environmental factors interact to affect brain anatomical structures, circuits and cognitive function. In this study, we addressed these issues by testing the individual and combined effects of sub-adult thermal stress, larval density and early-adult living spatial enrichment on brain anatomy and olfactory associative learning in adult Drosophila melanogaster. In response to heat stress, the mushroom bodies (MBs) were the most volumetrically impaired among …

New For Discovery: Scholarworks@Uark, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 19 2018, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

A Message From The Department Head Of Horticulture And Food Science, Wayne Mackey

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Historical Observations And Identifications Of Plants And Animals In The Vicinity Of Engineer Cantonment In 1819-1820, Hugh H. Genoways, Brett C. Ratcliffe, Carl R. Falk, John R. Bozell

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Historical observations and identifications of plants and animals in the vicinity of Engineer Cantonment in 1819–1820 (James 1822) are shown below in Roman and Roman italic print. Specimens identified through phytoarcheological and zooarcheological analysis of materials and believed to be reasonably associated or contemporaneous with the Long Expedition use of the site (AU4) are shown in boldface. Species present in both the historical and archeological data are marked by an asterisk (*). References used in this compilation include Benedict (1996), Brewer (1970 [1840]), Conant and Collins (1991), Ducey (2000), Evans (1997), Falk et al. (this volume), Genoways et al. (2008), …

Nebline, January 2018

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Feature: Extension 2017 Highlights

Food & Health

Farm & Acreage

Horticulture

Pests & Wildlife

4-H & Youth

Early Childhood

and other extension news and events

Mosquito Abatement Monitoring: West Nile In Los Angeles County, Elisa Gonzalez

Department of Entomology: Distance Master of Science Projects

West Nile virus (WNV) has become established across the U.S. with heightened activity causing significant human illness. Monitoring methods to predict the risk of human infection are urgently need to initiate timely preventative measures and justify the expense of implementing costly or unpopular control measures, such as aerial spraying or curfews. This research outlines several ways to further improve the productive power of monitoring mosquitoes. These results demonstrate that mosquito monitoring provides a valuable public health tool for assessing the risk of human arboviral infections, allocating limited public health resources, and justifying emergency control actions.

A key challenge has been …

Scientific Illustrations Of Beetles From Maryland And Virginia, Sarah Zuehlke

Department of Entomology: Distance Master of Science Projects

This project involves illustrated beetles commonly found in Maryland and Virginia. Scientific illustrations were created using techniques including graphite pencils, scratchboard, pen and ink, and colored pencils. Educational applications for this project include highlights for science lessons. Descriptions, habitat, and diet information were included with each beetle illustration. Collection tips for each species were provided. Illustration technique used were included for each beetle. All illustrations are original hand drawn work.

List of Beetles (Beetle Families presented in alphabetical order)

Family Brentidae — Oak Timberworm – Arrenodes minutus

Family Carabidae — Fiery Searcher – Calosoma scrutator • Six-Spotted Tiger Beetle – …

Some Aspects Of Woodpecker Predation On The Spruce Beetle In Colorado, Steven R. Helm

Department of Entomology: Distance Master of Science Projects

Historic data on predation by woodpeckers, primarily the American three-toed woodpecker (Picoides dorsalis), on epidemic levels of the spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) in Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) forests of Colorado are analyzed in this report. Significant differences in beetle consumption by male and female woodpeckers as well as seasonal differences in beetle consumption by woodpeckers in general were discovered through statistical analyses. Potential ecological explanations for observed differences are discussed.