Entomology Commons^™

Tgle Vol. 52 Nos. 1 & 2 Full Issue

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Full issue for TGLE Vol. 52 Nos. 1 & 2

Transcriptome And Gene Expression Analysis Of Three Developmental Stages Of The Coffee Berry Borer, Hypothenemus Hampei, Daniel D. Noriega, Paula L. Arias, Helena R. Barbosa, Fabricio B.M. Arraes, Gustavo A. Ossa, Bernardo Villegas, Roberta R. Coelho, Erika V. S. Albuquerque, Roberto C. Togawa, Priscila Grynberg, Haichuan Wang, Ana M. Vélez, Jorge W. Arboleda, Maria F. Grossi-De-Sa, Maria C.M. Silva, Arnubio Valencia-Jiménez

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Coffee production is a global industry valued at approximately 173 billion US dollars. One of the main challenges facing coffee production is the management of the coffee berry borer (CBB), Hypothenemus hampei, which is considered the primary arthropod pest of coffee worldwide. Current control strategies are inefficient for CBB management. Although biotechnological alternatives, including RNA interference (RNAi), have been proposed in recent years to control insect pests, characterizing the genetics of the target pest is essential for the successful application of these emerging technologies. In this study, we employed RNA-seq to obtain the transcriptome of three developmental stages of the …

Comparative Genomic Analysis Of Six Glossina Genomes, Vectors Of African Trypanosomes, Geoffrey M. Attardo, Adly M.M. Abd-Alla, Alvaro Acosta-Serrano, James E. Allen, Rosemary Bateta, Joshua B. Benoit, Kostas Bourtzis, Jelle Caers, Guy Caljon, Mikkel B. Christensen, David W. Farrow, Markus Friedrich, Aurélie Hua-Van, Emily C. Jennings, Denis M. Larkin, Daniel Lawson, Michael J. Lehane, Vasileios P. Lenis, Ernesto Lowy-Gallego, Rosaline W. Macharia, Anna R. Malacrida, Heather G. Marco, Daniel Masiga, Gareth L. Maslen, Irina Matetovici, Richard P. Meisel, Irene Meki, Veronika Michalkova

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Background: Tsetse flies (Glossina sp.) are the vectors of human and animal trypanosomiasis throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Tsetse flies are distinguished from other Diptera by unique adaptations, including lactation and the birthing of live young (obligate viviparity), a vertebrate blood-specific diet by both sexes, and obligate bacterial symbiosis. This work describes the comparative analysis of six Glossina genomes representing three sub-genera: Morsitans (G. morsitans morsitans, G. pallidipes, G. austeni), Palpalis (G. palpalis, G. fuscipes), and Fusca (G. brevipalpis) which represent different habitats, host preferences, and vectorial capacity. Results: Genomic analyses validate established evolutionary relationships and sub-genera. Syntenic analysis of Glossina relative …

The Evolution Of Spinosad Resistance In Colorado Potato Beetles (Leptinotarsa Decemlineata), Coby Michael Klein

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Colorado potato beetles (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) are a major pest of cultivated potato plants worldwide. They are well-known for their ability to rapidly evolve resistance to all major classes of pesticides. Defoliation of potato plants by L. decemlineata can reduce potato yields by a considerable margin. The damage done by resistant beetles is steep and much research is focused on developing new chemical controls, especially those derived from naturally occurring compounds. Spinosad is a relatively new natural product insecticide, introduced approximately a decade ago, suitable for use in organic farming. Potato beetles on Long Island, NY developed very strong …

Nebline, September 2019

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Read for Resilience Program Helps Young Children Cope After a Disaster

Breakfast — Don’t Leave Home Without It!

Recipe of the Month

Grazing Calves on Annual Forages

Sheet Composting Requires No Turning

Composting Demonstrations

Prepared, Not Scared. Be Ready for Disasters

Plant Asters for Fall Color

Garden Guide: Things to Do This Month

The Lowdown on Lyme Disease

Heart of 4-H Volunteer Award: Brenda Nepper

4-H Teen Council Invites New Members

Support 4-H by Dining at Chipotle on O Street, Sept. 16

New Horticulture 4-H Club Meeting, Sept. 19

4-H Golf Tournament Fundraiser, Sept. 29

Interested in Joining 4-H? Come …

Integrating Temperature-Dependent Life Table Data Into Insect Life Cycle Model For Predicting The Potential Distribution Of Scapsipedus Icipe Hugel & Tanga, Magara H.J. Otieno, Monica A. Ayieko, Saliou Niassy, Daisy Salifu, Azrag G.A. Abdelmutalab, Khamis M. Fathiya, Sevgan Subramanian, Komi K.M. Fiaboe, Nana Roos, Sunday Ekesi, Chrysantus M. Tanga

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Scapsipedus icipe Hugel and Tanga (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) is a newly described edible cricket species. Although, there is substantial interest in mass production of S. icipe for human food and animal feed, no information exists on the impact of temperature on their bionomics. Temperature-dependent development, survival, reproductive and life table parameters of S. icipe was generated and integrated into advanced Insect Life Cycle Modeling software to describe relative S. icipe population increase and spatial spread based on nine constant temperature conditions. We examined model predictions and implications for S. icipe potential distribution in Africa under current and future climate. These regions …

Using Sibship Reconstructions To Understand The Relationship Between Larval Habitat Productivity And Oviposition Behaviour In Kenyan Anopheles Arabiensis, Joel O. Odero, Ulrike Fillinger, Emily J. Rippon, Daniel K. Masiga, David Weetman

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Background: Strategies for combatting residual malaria by targeting vectors outdoors are gaining importance as the limitations of primary indoor interventions are reached. Strategies to target ovipositing females or her offspring are broadly applicable because all mosquitoes require aquatic habitats for immature development irrespective of their biting or resting preferences. Oviposition site selection by gravid females is frequently studied by counting early instar larvae in habitats; an approach which is valid only if the number of larvae correlates with the number of females laying eggs. This hypothesis was tested against the alternative, that a higher abundance of larvae results from improved …

Keragaman Dan Kelimpahan Arthropoda Pada Tajuk Tanaman Cabai Merah Keriting (Capsicum Annuum L.) Varietas Tm 999 Yang Diberi Aplikasi Insektisida Klorantraniliprol 35%, Sudarjat, Annisa Handayani, Siska Rasiska, Wawan Kurniawan

Jurnal Kultivasi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman dan kelimpahan arthropoda yang terdapat pada tajuk tanaman cabai yang diberi aplikasi insektisida klorantraniliprol 35%. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan acak kelompok dengan enam perlakuan dosis insektisida klorantraniliprol 35%. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah didapatkan keragaman pada pengamatan langsung sebanyak 5 ordo, 7 famili dan 7 spesies untuk herbivor, 3 ordo, 4 famili dan 4 spesies untuk predator, serta 1 ordo, 1 famili dan 1 spesies untuk serangga netral. Keragaman yang didapatkan pada pemasangan perangkap kuning yaitu 4 ordo, 4 famili dan 4 spesies untuk herbivor, untuk serangga netral terdiri dari …

Integrated Pest Management In The Academic Small Greenhouse Setting: A Case Study Using Solanum Spp. (Solanaceae)., Daniel S. Hayes, Ingrid E. Jordon-Thaden, Jason T. Cantley, Angela J. Mcdonnell, Christopher T. Martine

Faculty Journal Articles

Premise

Botanical faculty and staff at academic institutions are often tasked with establishing and/or caring for plant collections held in small greenhouse facilities. Once plants are in place, an especially acute challenge is managing plant pest/pathogen populations. Integrated pest management (IPM) approaches are an excellent option, but few examples exist in the literature of successful programs that have been developed in academic small greenhouse settings.

Methods and Results

Over several years, we developed an IPM program for two small research greenhouses on the campus of a primarily undergraduate institution where hundreds of plants have been grown for studies in the …

Sown And Unsown Floral Resources Both Support Bee Abundance, Pryce Johnson, Kenneth Elgersma, Ai Wen

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium

The recent decline in native bee populations across the Midwest has been linked to the drastic decrease of prairie habitats and pollinator floral resources. Since the agricultural revolution, grassland areas have been removed and replaced with row crops to meet the needs of expanding markets, including the production of ethanol. In response to the loss of these (and other) essential pollinators, the Conservation Reserve Program administered by the USDA initiated a pollinator habitat initiative called CP-42. Despite efforts to assess the program's success, there is still much that needs to be learned about restoring prairie habitats for bees. With CP-42, …

Assessing Cp - 42 Habitat Value For Bees Using The Floral Resource Index, Allison Eagan, Gabrielle Brown, Ai Wen

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium

Prairies once dominated 85% of Iowa. Sadly, that large portion of native prairie has been drastically reduced to 0.01% because of agricultural expansion. Habitat loss is one of the main contributors to the massive decline in the native bee population and its biodiversity. Native pollinators are essential to the ecosystem and play a large role in the pollination of row crops. The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), administered by the US Department of Agriculture Farm Service Agency, launched the CP-42 program specifically as a Pollinator Habitat Initiative for forbs and grasses to be planted to increase pollinator habitat. However, no methods …

Local And Landscape Effects On Butterfly Abundance In Cp-42 Plantings, Emma Simpson, Kate Sinnott, Mark Myers

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium

The conversion of grassland habitats and intensification of row crop agriculture over the last several decades have driven declines in native pollinator populations throughout the Midwestern USA. These declines in native bee and butterfly abundance have negative ecosystem consequences due to these insects’ important ecological roles as pollinators of vegetable crops and other plant life. The United States Department of Agriculture’s Conservation Reserve Program Pollinator Habitat Initiative (CP-42) aims to conserve native pollinators by increasing pollinator habitat throughout the United States. However, since the program’s inception in 2011, there has been little monitoring of its effectiveness and no documentation of …

Bacteria-Mediated Modification Of Insecticide Toxicity In The Yellow Fever Mosquito, Aedes Aegypti, Sara S. Scates, Scott T. O'Neal, Troy D. Anderson

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The incidence of mosquito-borne disease poses a significant threat to human and animal health throughout the world, with effective chemical control interventions limited by widespread insecticide resistance. Recent evidence suggests that gut bacteria of mosquitoes, known to be essential in nutritional homeostasis and pathogen defense, may also play a significant role in facilitating insecticide resistance. This study investigated the extent to which bacteria contribute to the general esterase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450)-mediated detoxification of the insecticides propoxur and naled, as well as the insecticidal activity of these chemistries to the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Experiments conducted using …

Nebline, August 2019

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Kids Eat Right Month

Food Safety Tips for Electric Multi-Cookers

Recipe of the Month

Soybean Management Field Days

Landlord–Tenant Cash Rent Workshop, Aug. 21

Fall is Best for Control of Tough Weeds

Free Water Screening for Nitrates

Include Pets in Your Emergency Plan

Going Batty: Bugs on Bats

Make Your Yard a Greener Place

Garden Guide: Things to Do This Month

Tips for a Fun and Educational Day at the Fair

Upcoming Early Childhood Trainings

Heart of 4-H Volunteer Award: Susan Holland

4-H’ers Test Family and Consumer Science and Entrepreneurship Skills at Life Challenge

4-H’ers Test Their Knowledge of Animals …

Hexapod Herald - Vol. 31, No. 3, August 2019

Hexapod Herald and Other Entomology Department Newsletters

Welcome: Dr. Kyle Koch, Dr. Débora Montezano, Dr. Lise Pingault, Dr. Prince Zogli, Dr. Tobiasz Druciarek, Zuguo Guo, Vilma Montenegro, Sabrina Ongaratto, Emily Reinders, Otávio Silva Xavier, plus Online M.S. students for Fall 2019:

Faculty News: Dr. Jeff Bradshaw, Dr. Louise Lynch-O’Brien, Dr. Matthew Smart, Dr. Ana Vélez, Dr. Judy Wu-Smart

Publications

Congratulations

Student News

Grants

Inaugural 10 week NIFA-funded Beneficial Insects Research and Extension Ex-periences for Undergraduates (REEU) program

Insects and Murder: educational murder mystery game created by graduate student Justine LaViolette.

The Mayfly Newsletter, Donna J. Giberson

The Mayfly Newsletter

The Mayfly Newsletter is the official newsletter of the Permanent Committee of the International Conferences on Ephemeroptera.

Promoting Bee Communities Through Habitat Enhancements On Public And Private Lands In Nebraska, Kayla A. Mollet

Department of Entomology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Wild and managed bees are the most effective pollinators, accounting for about 80% of the pollination of flowering plants and 75% of fruits, nuts, and vegetables in the United States (USDA, 2019; USFWS, 2019). An estimated 4,000 species of bees reside in North America, the majority of which are wild and unmanaged. Wild bee communities are critical for maintaining healthy ecosystems, as they sustain native flora that provides soil stability and habitat for other wildlife. In a changing landscape, floral enhancements on privately and publicly-owned lands may have great impact for improving habitat for pollinators across the United States. Planting …

The Functional Conservation Of Frazzled In Insects, Benjamin Wadsworth

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Axons in the developing embryo receive and react to signals that direct their growth to reach target tissues at specified locations. The signal pathways that direct midline crossing of axons during embryonic development have been comprehensively examined in the past years using the Drosophila ventral nerve cord or the spinal cord as a model system. A number of these signaling mechanisms are conserved, however disparities have been found between species in general strategy or the molecular signals controlling the response of axons to guidance cues.

The Netrin-Frazzled pathway has been shown to aid in midline crossing of axons in the …

Dual Biological Control: Characterization Of Fungi And Bacteria To Control Granary Weevil And Fungal Pathogens Of Stored Grain, Gülçin Ercan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Cereals are main food sources for humans and animals. However, during storage, cereal grains can be infested by insects and fungi. One of the most important insect storage pests is Sitophilus granarius (L., Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Adults and larvae can cause serious grain losses. In addition to insect pests, fungal pathogens may also invade the grain and cause economic loss, including contamination with mycotoxins, which threaten mammal health by causing serious disease. The most common mycotoxigenic grain fungi are species that belong to the genera Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium. Currently, the most commonly used management strategies for insect and …

Temperature Influence On Insecticide Resistance In Aedes Aegypti And Aedes Albopictus Mosquitoes From South Texas, Wendy Soledad Salinas

Theses and Dissertations

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are vectors for several emerging arboviruses including Zika, chikungunya and dengue. Both mosquitoes are found along the Rio Grande River in South Texas, along the border between Mexico and the United States of America. These mosquito species typically reside near human settlements. A preventative measure public health official use to help halt the spread of diseases is by controlling vector population with the use of insecticides, but as temperature vary, and with the constant exposure to commonly used insecticides, mosquitoes from South Texas may be developing a resistance to the insecticides. Resistance to insecticides may …

Agro-Ecological Options For Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda Je Smith)Management: Providing Low-Cost, Smallholder Friendly Solutions To An Invasive Pest, Rhett D. Harrison, Christian Thierfelder, Frédéric Baudron, Peter Chinwada, Charles Midega, Urs Schaffner, Johnnie Van Den Berg

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Fall armyworm (FAW), a voracious agricultural pest native to North and South America, was first detected on the African continent in 2016 and has subsequently spread throughout the continent and across Asia. It has been predicted that FAW could cause up to $US13 billion per annum in crop losses throughout sub-Saharan Africa, thereby threatening the livelihoods of millions of poor farmers. In their haste to respond to FAW governments may promote indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides which, aside from human health and environmental risks, could undermine smallholder pest management strategies that depend to a large degree on natural enemies. Agro-ecological …

Experimental Feeding Studies With Crickets And Locusts On The Use Of Feed Mixtures Composed Of Storable Feed Materials Commonly Used In Livestock Production, P. Straub, C. M. Tanga, I. Osuga, W. Windisch, S. Subramanian

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Insects such as the Mediterranean field cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus and the Desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, are emerging as potential sources of human food and feed for livestock. High nutritive value and efficient feed conversion make them attractive for commercial production as novel livestock, but these properties strongly vary with the insects´ diet. Current mass-rearing protocols are based on fresh, non-storable feed materials. This requires constant supply and makes the systems sensitive to fluctuations regarding nutritional quality and safety. Hence there is a need to find storable, readily available feeds. Therefore, experimental diets were composed from the five different feed materials, …

Seed Predation By Owyhee Harvester Ants And The Potential Of Seed Introductions In Recovery Efforts For Slickspot Peppergrass, Jennifer A. Brown

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Slickspot peppergrass (Lepidium papilliferum) is a rare plant endemic to the sagebrush-steppe habitat in southwestern Idaho. Within sagebrush-steppe, the plant is restricted to microsites known as “slick spots”– shallow depressions of soil characterized by distinct clay layers and surface water retention that is higher than that of surrounding areas. Having one of the highest extirpation rates among rare plant taxa in Idaho, and considering its unique habitat requirements, limited range, and declining numbers, land managers and conservationists have voiced concern regarding the species’ long-term viability. While range-wide declines in slickspot peppergrass have been attributed largely to the loss …

Determining The Presence Or Absence Of Euscepes Postfasciatus In Haiti And Use Of Molecular Markers For The Distinction Of Cylas Formicarius Elangantulus Biotypes, Marie Rachele Lexidort

LSU Master's Theses

Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers) and Euscepes postfaciatus (Fairmaire) are the most destructive sweetpotato weevils in the Caribean Basin. However, damage occurring in sweetpotato production in Haiti is attributed to C. formicarius (S), since it is known to be the most prevalent species while, conflicting information is available pertaining to the occurrence of the E. postfaciatus (F). This study was conducted in the summer of 2018 to determine the presence or absence of E. postfaciatus (F) in Haiti. 98 weevil samples from field (70% ) and infested sweetpotato roots from field and regional markets were collected (30%) in the most relevant …

Taxonomic Features And Comparison Of The Gut Microbiome From Two Edible Fungus-Farming Termites (Macrotermes Falciger, M. Natalensis) Harvested In The Vhembe District Of Limpopo, South Africa, Stephanie L. Schnorr, Courney A. Hofman, Shandukani R. Netschifhefhe, Frances D. Duncan, Tanvi P. Honap, Julie Lesnik, Cecil M. Lewis

Anthropology Faculty Research

Background Termites are an important food resource for many human populations around the world, and are a good supply of nutrients. The fungus-farming ‘higher’ termite members of Macrotermitinae are also consumed by modern great apes and are implicated as critical dietary resources for early hominins. While the chemical nutritional composition of edible termites is well known, their microbiomes are unexplored in the context of human health. Here we sequenced the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene of gut microbiota extracted from the whole intestinal tract of two Macrotermes sp. soldiers collected from the Limpopo region of South Africa. Results …

Hippodamia Convergens Overwintering Feeding, Nathan Mercer

Lady Beetle Research Data

Impact of food supplements on overwintering Hippodamia convergens energy reserves, survival and spring reproduction.

Isopentyl Butanoate: Aggregation Pheromone Of The Brown Spiny Bug, Clavigralla Tomentosicollis (Hemiptera: Coreidae), And Kairomone For The Egg Parasitoid Gryon Sp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), Hilaire Kpongbe, Johnnie Van Den Berg, Fathiya Khamis, Manuele Tamò, Baldwyn Torto

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The brown spiny bug, Clavigralla tomentosicollis Stål (Hemiptera: Coreidae) is a key pest of leguminous crops in many countries in Africa, causing significant yield losses especially in cowpea, pigeon pea and common beans. Although C. tomentosicollis uses olfaction to aggregate, little is known about the identity of the aggregation pheromone. This study aimed to identify the aggregation pheromone of C. tomentosicollis and to test its potential role in the behavior of its egg parasitoid, Gryon sp. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, only male volatiles strongly attracted both sexes of C. tomentosicollis. Coupled gas chromatography/electroantennographic detection (GC/EAD) and GC/mass spectrometry were used …

Seasonal Abundance Of Plutella Xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) And Diversity Of Its Parasitoids Along Altitudinal Gradients Of The Eastern Afromontane, Benignus Valentine Ngowi, Henri Edouardo Zefack Tonnang, Fathiya Khamis, Evans Mungai Mwangi, Brigitte Nyambo, Paul Nduati Ndegwa, Sevgan Subramanian

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Monthly field surveys of diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) and its parasitoids were conducted to assess seasonal abundance and diversity under changing altitude. Twenty-four crucifer farms spread across three altitudinal zones of Mount Kilimanjaro and Taita hills were sampled for the insects at monthly interval from 2013 to 2014. Diamondback moth abundance differed significantly between seasons (F3, 21 = 3.883, p = 0.024) in the high zone of Taita hills. The abundance among altitudinal zones of the two transects was not significantly different (Mt. Kilimanjaro: F2, 98 = 0.415, p = 0.661; Taita hills: F2, 116 = 0.303, p …

Species-Area Model Predicting Diversity Loss In An Artificially Flooded Cave In Brazil, Rodrigo L. Ferreira, Thais G. Pellegrini

International Journal of Speleology

Subterranean environments are poorly known regarding many ecological aspects, such as community structure and its response to different disturbances. To estimate the effects of ground area lost in a limestone cave community in Southeastern Brazil, the invertebrate fauna was sampled before 76% of the cave floor was submerged by the filling of a hydroeletric power plant reservoir. Then, a 2-year monitoring was conducted. A species-area curve based on empiric data was constructed and the z-value of the species-area equation was calculated, what allowed estimating the expected cave richness after flooding comparing with data obtained during the monitoring. The results support …

Nebline, July 2019

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Nebraska’s Bad Buzz: What You Need to Know About Mosquitoes and West Nile Virus

Summertime Snacking With Salsa

Recipes of the Month

Weather Challenges Keep Coming

Block Play Encourages Children’s Development in Multiple Areas

Extension Offers “Block Party” for Childcare Programs

Upcoming Early Childhood Trainings

My Personal Experience With West Nile Virus

Check Landscape Plants for Bagworms

Garden Guides: Things to Do This Month

Greener Town Grant Applications Due Aug. 31

HEART OF 4-H VOLUNTEER AWARD: Kylee Yakel

SUPER FAIR 4-H/FFA ANIMAL ENTRIES MUST BE SUBMITTED ONLINE BY JULY 1

11 4-H Clubs Helped at Kiwanis Karniva

Many Ways to …