Entomology Commons^™

Recent Advances Toward The Sustainable Management Of Invasive Xylosandrus Ambrosia Beetles, Antonio Gugliuzzo, Peter H.W. Biedermann, Daniel Carrillo, Louela A. Castrillo, James P. Egonyu, Diego Gallego, Khalid Haddi, Jiri Hulcr, Hervé Jactel, Hisashi Kajimura, Naoto Kamata, Nicolas Meurisse, You Li, Jason B. Oliver, Christopher M. Ranger, Davide Rassati, Lukasz L. Stelinski, Roanne Sutherland, Giovanna Tropea Garzia, Mark G. Wright, Antonio Biondi

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

We provide an overview of both traditional and innovative control tools for management of three Xylosandrus ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), invasive species with a history of damage in forests, nurseries, orchards and urban areas. Xylosandrus compactus, X. crassiusculus and X. germanus are native to Asia, and currently established in several countries around the globe. Adult females bore galleries into the plant xylem inoculating mutualistic ambrosia fungi that serve as food source for the developing progeny. Tunneling activity results in chewed wood extrusion from entry holes, sap outflow, foliage wilting followed by canopy dieback, and branch and trunk necrosis. Maintaining …

Landscape-Scale Biogeographic Distribution Analysis Of The Whitefly, Bemisia Tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) In Kenya, Bester Tawona Mudereri, Emily Kimathi, Tavengwa Chitata, Moleseng Claude Moshobane, Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Understanding the drivers of habitat use and the suitability of landscape patches by invasive insect species is crucial in their control and management. This simplifies the comprehension of the processes driving invasive insect population dynamics, their functioning, and potential disturbance within their introduced ecosystems. The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889), is ranked among the world’s 100 most invasive insect pests and is a major threat to many important cash and staple food crops. In this study, we identified levels and areas at risk of the invasive B. tabaci at a landscape scale in Kenya using elevation, land surface temperature, land …

Field Efficacy Of Metarhizium Acridum (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) In The Control Of Bactrocera Dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) In Citrus Orchards In Senegal, Papa Djibril Faye, Amadou Bocar Bal, Ndeye Meymouna Ndiaye, Fama Diop, Yaye Konaré Sangaré, Charles Haddad, Emile Victor Coly, Elhadji Omar Dieng, Saliou Niassy

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The effectiveness of the “attract and kill” approach for the management of Bactrocera dorsalis in citrus orchards using autoinoculation strategy was evaluated in three locations in Senegal (Sindia, Sébikhotane and Ndoyene), between 2016 and 2018. Attractant Contaminant Traps (ACT) were treated with 0.3 g of Metarhizium acridum, and methyl eugenol was then deployed at densities of 25, 50 and 100 ACT to infect the flies. Recovery Traps (RT) containing methyl eugenol and a toxicant, Timaye were used to monitor the B. dorsalis population and the contamination rate. Results showed that the rate of contaminated flies increases with the number of …

Genomics-Guided Refinement Of Butterfly Taxonomy, Jing Zhang, Qian Cong, Jinhui Shen, Paul A. Opler, Nick V. Grishin

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Continuing with comparative genomic exploration of worldwide butterfly fauna, we use all proteincoding genes as they are retrieved from the whole genome shotgun sequences for phylogeny construction. Analysis of these genome-scale phylogenies projected onto the taxonomic classification and the knowledge about butterfly phenotypes suggests further refinements of butterfly taxonomy that are presented here. As a general rule, we assign most prominent clades of similar genetic differentiation to the same taxonomic rank, and use criteria based on relative population diversification and the extent of gene exchange for species delimitation. As a result, 7 tribes, 4 subtribes, 14 genera, and 9 subgenera …

Chlamydastis Meyrick Of Costa Rica: Barcodes, Biology, And Descriptions Of 36 New Species (Lepidoptera: Depressariidae), Eugenie Phillips-Rodríguez, John W. Brown, Winnie Hallwachs, Daniel H. Janzen

Insecta Mundi

We recognize and review 40 species of Chlamydastis Meyrick, 1916 (Lepidoptera: Depressari­idae) from Costa Rica, including four previously described (i.e., C. vividella (Busck, 1914), revived status; C. phytoptera (Busck, 1914); C. orion Busck, 1920; and C. ungulifera (Meyrick, 1929)) and 36 new species: C. abelulatei Phillips and Brown, new species; C. carolinagodoyae Phillips and Brown, new species; C. angelsolisi Phillips and Brown, new species; C. lindapitkinae Phillips and Brown, new species; C. iangauldi Phillips and Brown, new species; C. anniapicadoae Phillips and Brown, new species; C. antonioazofeifai Phillips and Brown, new species; …

Survivorship Of Soybean Aphid Biotypes (Hemiptera: Aphididae) On Winter Hosts, Common And Glossy Buckthorn, Doris M. Lagos-Kutz, Glen L. Hartman

Insecta Mundi

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a major pest of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., both in Asia where it is native, and in the USA where it is adventive. The rapid spread and establishment of the soybean aphid in the USA since its discovery in 2000 was successful because of extensive soybean production in the Midwest and the wide distribution of common buckthorn, Rhamnus cathartica (L.), its preferred primary winter host. The survivorship of four soybean aphid biotypes on com­mon and glossy buckthorn, Frangula alnus Mill., were compared. Our study showed that nymph oviparae of soybean …

New Adult Host Records For Three Buprestidae (Coleoptera) Rarely Encountered In The United States And Significant Extension Of The Known Geographic Range Of Agrilus Pilosicollis Fisher, Jason A. Hansen, Christine A. Nalepa

Insecta Mundi

New adult host records of Agrilus langei Obenberger, A. pilosicollis Fisher, and Dicerca mutica LeConte (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) are reported. The known geographic range of A. pilosicollis is expanded from the type location in Kansas south to Texas and east to North Carolina. Images with key characters of each of the three species are included.

Among the nearly 800 species of buprestids in North America (north of Mexico) are those known from very few specimens. Distribution and plant host information for such species is understandably limited and, in many cases, completely unknown (Nelson et al. 2008). A knowledge of …

Phenotypic Plasticity And Parental Effect On Rearing Of Two Diverse Habitat Environment For Laboratory Reared Sympetrum Meridionale, Imane Halassi, Ali Elafri, Ismahan Halassi, Hichem Amari, Moussa Houhamdi

Journal of Bioresource Management

Laboratory observations on rearing experiment of Odonata serve to answer many evolutionary and ecological questions. In order to evidences the role of species parental habitat provenience in the development behaviour of their offspring, we surveyed several life history traits of two rearing populations of Sympetrum meridionale (Anisoptera: Sympetrinae), coming from two different habitats across north-eastern Algeria. The first one is a RAMSAR wetland called ‘Mekhada’ (a perennial water body), and the second one is a temporary pond located at “Maouna” Mountain (1400 m altitude). Overall, the development patterns of the two populations of dragonflies vary with the type of habitat …

Recent Advances Toward The Sustainable Management Of Invasive Xylosandrus Ambrosia Beetles, Antonio Gugliuzzo, Peter H.W. Biedermann, Daniel Carrillo, Louela A. Castrillo, James P. Egonyu, Diego Gallego, Khalid Haddi, Jiri Hulcr, Hervé Jactel, Hisashi Kajimura, Naoto Kamata, Nicolas Meurisse, You Li, Jason B. Oliver, Christopher M. Ranger, Davide Rassati, Lukasz L. Stelinski, Roanne Sutherland, Giovanna Tropea Garzia, Mark G. Wright, Antonio Biondi

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

We provide an overview of both traditional and innovative control tools for management of three Xylosandrus ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), invasive species with a history of damage in forests, nurseries, orchards and urban areas. Xylosandrus compactus, X. crassiusculus and X. germanus are native to Asia, and currently established in several countries around the globe. Adult females bore galleries into the plant xylem inoculating mutualistic ambrosia fungi that serve as food source for the developing progeny. Tunneling activity results in chewed wood extrusion from entry holes, sap outflow, foliage wilting followed by canopy dieback, and branch and trunk necrosis. Maintaining …

Mosquito Distribution And Stoichiometric Analysis Between Open And Closed Canopies In New Orleans Cemeteries, Rachel Rogers

LSU Master's Theses

Cemetery vases represent an important container habitat for mosquito larvae. Some species, like, Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti, prefer container habitats, whereas others, like Culex quinquefasciatus, will opportunistically use containers. In New Orleans, these three medically important vector species (Ae. albopictus Ae. aegypti, and Cx. quinquefasciatus) co-occur, despite a demonstrated competitive advantage of Ae. albopictus to the other two. Here we test the hypothesis that canopy cover from trees could be a mediating factor in driving mosquito assemblages in New Orleans, by influencing food sources, and the microclimate experienced by mosquito larvae. Samples from seven …

Comprehensive Ecological And Geographic Characterization Of Eukaryotic And Prokaryotic Microbiomes In African Anopheles, Eugeni Belda Cuesta, Boubacar Coulibaly, Tullu Bukhari, Karin Eiglmeier, Raymond Kone, Mamadou B. Coulibaly, Soumanaba Zongo, Mamadou Barry, Awa Gneme, Wamdaogo M. Guelbeogo, Abdoul H. Beavogui, Sekou F. Traore, N’Fale Sagnon, Kenneth D. Vernick, Michelle M. Riehle

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Exposure of mosquitoes to numerous eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbes in their associated microbiomes has probably helped drive the evolution of the innate immune system. To our knowledge, a metagenomic catalog of the eukaryotic microbiome has not been reported from any insect. Here we employ a novel approach to preferentially deplete host 18S ribosomal RNA gene amplicons to reveal the composition of the eukaryotic microbial communities of Anopheles larvae sampled in Kenya, Burkina Faso and Republic of Guinea (Conakry). We identified 453 eukaryotic operational taxonomic units (OTUs) associated with Anopheles larvae in nature, but an average of 45% of the 18S …

Soil Macroinvertebrates Responses To Wildfires In The Blue Ridge Mountains, Usa, Madeline Olliff

Biology Theses

Fire has been a prevalent disturbance on Earth for millions of years. Around the globe there are several regions that have become fire adapted, including the Southeastern United States. There have been few studies examining the effects of wildland fires on soil macroinvertebrates in the Blue Ridge Mountains, in spite of the importance of these animals to soil processes and their contributions to the biodiversity of these ecosystems. During the fall of 2016, the Southeastern USA experienced numerous, large wildfires. These fires offered an opportunity to study the effects of wildland fire on soil macroinvertebrates. We sampled sites from three …

Unique Venom Proteins From Solenopsis Invicta X Solenopsis Richteri Hybrid Fire Ants, Steven M. Valles, Jason B. Oliver, Karla M. Addesso, Omaththage P. Perera

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

The Solenopsis venom protein 2 transcript was amplified, sequenced, probed, and analyzed from Solenopsis invicta x Solenopsis richteri hybrid ant colonies (hybrids) collected from across Tennessee to determine the extent of introgression of each parent allele (Solenopsis invicta venom protein 2 [Soli2] and Solenopsis richteri venom protein 2 [Solr2]). Chemotaxonomic analyses of venom alkaloids and cuticular hydrocarbons were used to categorize hybrid colonies and their relative relatedness to each parent species. Hybrid colonies were chosen randomly from each chemotaxonomic hybridization category, including “very near S. richteri,” “near S. richteri,” “near S. invicta,” and “very near S. invicta.” Lateral flow immunoassays …

Nebline, May 2021

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Building Health Equity in Lincoln: Extension Launches Health Equity Coalition

Recipe of the Month

Intensive Gardening Techniques

Garden Guide Things to Do This Month

Naturally Occurring Elements in Groundwater--Part 3 of a Series — Fluoride

Cash Rent Survey

Preparing for the Inevitable: Japanese Beetles

Challenge Accepted! Children Thrive Outside

Heart of 4-H Volunteer Award: Rusty & Heidi Hanley

4-H Announcements for 4-H'ers and Volunteers

Clover College: June 15–18, 2021

EXTENSION CALENDAR

4-H’ers Qualify for State Speech & PSA Contest

4-H Horse Stampede Results

The Effect Of Circadian Phase Shifts On Cellular Respiration In Wild Type And Flies With Mutant Circadian Genes, Shannon Maguire, Michael Yarrows, Kathryn Donohue

Biology Student Scholarship

Shannon Maguire ’22, Major: Biology
Michael Yarrows ’22, Majors: Biology and Health Policy and Management
Kathryn Donohue ’22, Majors: Biology and Spanish

Faculty Mentor: Dr. Pamelas Snodgrass-Belt, Biology

Over the past semester, our team’s research has focused on circadian rhythms in wild type and mutant flies. Circadian rhythms, our body’s internal clock, are the biological processes which regulate the sleep/wake cycle as well as other physiological rhythms in all living organisms. Following a 24-hour light/dark cycle, circadian rhythms influence eating habits, physical activity, and metabolism. An organism’s circadian rhythms can be disrupted by an offset light/dark cycle, food availability, or …

The Influence Of Singlet Oxygen And Loss Of Function Of Fatty Acid Desaturase 7 In The Chloroplast On Aphid Resistance In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Hillary Donna Fischer

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Fatty Acid Desaturase 7 (FAD7) is a chloroplast-localized enzyme that alters the fatty acid content of photosynthetic membranes, and that negatively regulates plant defenses against aphids. Previous studies in the model organism Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) have shown that loss-of-function mutations in FAD7 decrease population growth of the green peach aphid (GPA; Myzus persicae Sulzer). This study further characterized the effects of a fad7 null mutant on aphids, and investigated the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including singlet oxygen (1O2), in plant responses to aphid resistance in fad7 as well as in wild type plants and a mutant with heightened …

Survey Of Ticks And Tick-Borne Pathogens Associated With Feral Swine (Sus Scrofa) In Arkansas, Haylee Campbell

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Feral hogs (Sus scrofa L.) are an invasive species throughout the southeast United States and found in every Arkansas county. As feral hogs invade new habitat, they can disrupt ecosystems, damage agriculture systems, and bring ticks and tick-borne pathogens with them. There are no surveys of the tick species parasitizing the Arkansas feral hog populations or the pathogens they carry. This is a public health concern because feral hogs occupy often same geographical regions as humans and livestock and can harbor over 45 animal diseases and parasites. The ticks carried by feral hogs can carry tick-borne pathogens that can cause …

The Bees Of Two Sites In The Big Thicket National Preserve, Texas, With A Consideration Of The Effects Of A Rare Flooding Event, Archie Ray Sauls Jr.

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Native bees are an important part of terrestrial ecosystems due to their coevolution with flowering plants. This study catalogued the bee fauna of two sandyland sites in the Big Thicket National Preserve and assessed whether a community was impacted by a historic hurricane-induced flooding event. It was hypothesized that a change in diversity metrics would be evident following the flood. Datasets were analyzed for differences in species richness, abundance, evenness, and Shannon’s diversity. Similarities between datasets were also assessed using the multivariate tests analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) and similarity of percentages (SIMPER). At two sites over two years of sampling …

Perspectives On Insecticide Resistance Management: Past, Present, And Future, Jacob Nikodym

Doctor of Plant Health Program: Dissertations and Student Research

The use of chemical products to control arthropod pests has occurred for thousands of years, beginning with the use of inorganic products in ancient cultures, and progressing to the development of synthetic insecticides beginning in the early 20^th century. As these chemicals have imposed selection pressure on insects, the insects have adapted to this pressure, leading to the development of insecticide resistance. Since it was first reported in 1914, insecticide resistance has grown to be a major concern facing agricultural production, as each insecticide chemistry introduced is impacted by the evolution of resistance.

In the latter half of the …

Investigating The Role Of Spiders In Integrated Pest Management For Biological Control Of Nebraska Crop Pests, Samantha Daniel

Department of Entomology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

As generalist predators, spiders are capable of fulfilling a wide variety of ecological niches allowing them to intercept and prey upon an array of insect species. This characteristic could be particularly advantageous within agricultural ecosystems. This project sought to reveal the composition and abundance of spider communities within cornfields in western Nebraska and the impact of agronomic practices on those communities as well as determine the potential for spider predation upon two key pests of corn. Spiders were collected from eight corn fields from May to August 2017 and four corn fields from May to August 2018. Additionally, the populations …

Characterizing The Susceptibility And Biological Fitness Of Nebraska Western Corn Rootworm Populations To Pyramided Plant-Incorporated Protectants, Jordan D. Reinders

Department of Entomology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is a pest of field corn, Zea mays L., across the United States (U.S.) Corn Belt. Transgenic corn expressing two or more insecticidal proteins (‘pyramid’) derived from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) is a common management strategy employed in areas of continuous corn production. The newest rootworm-Bt pyramid registered in the U.S. is SmartStax^® PRO, which contains two rootworm-Bt proteins (Cry3Bb1, Cry34/35Ab1) and DvSnf7 dsRNA. With the pending commercialization of SmartStax^® PRO, understanding the current susceptibility of Nebraska WCR populations to the Cry3Bb1 + Cry34/35Ab1 pyramid (SmartStax^®) and …

Participatory On-Farm Research During Graduate School: Challenges And Opportunities, Fernanda Souza Krupek, Carlos Bonini Pires, Gabriela Inveninato Carmona

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Including farmers, growers, and ranchers (hereinafter referred to as producers) as active participants in the development of knowledge, through extension and on-farm research programs, is an effective method of agricultural technology and innovation transfer. The emerging interest in understanding agricultural systems’ complexity has fostered collaborations between producers and land grant universities, particularly across graduate programs focused on applied research. While the concept of on-farm research is not new, the scale and impact of on-farm studies conducted by researchers in partnership with producers are expanding (Kyveryga, 2019). Can master’s and Ph.D. research projects be conducted at the farm scale and generate …

Rehabilitation Practices In Cocoa Agroforestry Systems Mitigate Outbreaks Of Termites And Support Cocoa Tree Development And Yield, Christian T.L. Djuideu, Hervé D.B. Bisseleua, Sévilor Kekeunou, Felicitas C. Ambele

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Most smallholder cocoa farmers in West Africa are not equipped with the necessary tools, techniques, and practices to rejuvenate their aging cocoa farms. Instead, they rather prefer to establish new cocoa farms at the expense of forest remnants. Poor management of their overaged farms has resulted in the emergence and outbreaks of new pest species such as termites feeding on the remaining productive trees and negatively affecting overall yield. We investigated how rehabilitation pruning of cocoa trees influences termite outbreaks and yield in three cocoa agroforestry systems (rustic, intermediate and full sun systems). We monitored cocoa and non-cocoa trees at …

A Survey Of Mosquito-Borne And Insect-Specific Viruses In Hospitals And Livestock Markets In Western Kenya, Tatenda Chiuya, Daniel K. Masiga, Laura C. Falzon, Armanda D.S. Bastos, Eric M. Fèvre, Jandouwe Villinger

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens complex mosquitoes are prolific vectors of arboviruses that are a global threat to human and animal health. Increased globalization and ease of travel have facilitated the worldwide dissemination of these mosquitoes and the viruses they transmit. To assess disease risk, we determined the frequency of arboviruses in western Kenyan counties bordering an area of high arboviral activity. In addition to pathogenic viruses, insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs), some of which are thought to impair the transmission of specific pathogenic arboviruses, were also evaluated. We trapped mosquitoes in the short and long rainy seasons in 2018 and 2019 …

Dispersion Patterns And Monitoring Samplings Of Termite Pests In Cocoa Agroforestry Systems Of Southern Cameroon, Christian T.L. Djuideu, Hervé D.B. Bisseleua, Sevilor Kekeunou, Felicitas C. Ambele

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Termites are major emerging pests of cocoa in Africa. However, their dispersion models on cocoa trees as well as their sampling plans remain unclear. Moreover, the effect of shade trees on the severity of termite infestation on cocoa is poorly known. We evaluated the severity of termite infestation on cocoa trees in relation to shade management in five cocoa agroforestry systems in southern Cameroon with shade cover ranging from rustic to full sun. The dispersion models of termites on cocoa were analyzed using Taylor’s power law, Nachman model and Iwao’s method. We then simulated the optimal sampling sizes for pest …

On Atrypanius Cretiger (White, 1855) And Atrypanius Punctatellus (Bates, 1872) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Acanthocinini), Antonio Santos-Silva, Juan Pablo Botero

Insecta Mundi

Atrypanius punctatellus (Bates, 1872) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Acanthocinini) is for­mally proposed as a junior synonym of A. cretiger (White, 1855). Atrypanius cretiger is redescribed and the type locality is confirmed as Colombia.

Despite the large amount of work on Acanthocinini published in the past fifty years, the tribe still has many problems. This is particularly true with regard to the limits and definition of the genera. Due to the large num­ber of species in this tribe, especially in the Neotropical region (146 genera and 1,138 species – Tavakilian and Chevillotte 2020; Roguet 2021), it is difficult to perceive eventual synonyms, …

First Record Of Palonica Viridia (Ball, 1903) (Hemiptera: Membracidae) In Utah, Lawrence Barringer

Insecta Mundi

Palonica viridia (Hemiptera: Membracidae) is reported from Utah for the first time. Ecological and trapping information is also provided.

The genus Palonica Ball, 1931 contains seven species, four of which occur in the United States (Deitz and Wal­lace 2012; Wallace 2015). Palonica nogalana Ball is found only in Arizona while P. pyramidata (Uhler) and P. tremulata (Ball) have wide distributions across much of the United States and parts of Canada (Deitz and Wallace 2012). Palonica viridia (Ball) ranges west from Arizona, north to British Columbia and east to Texas and New York into Quebec. Presented is the first record of …

A New Species Of Myrmecotypus Pickard-Cambridge Spider (Araneae: Corinnidae: Castianeirinae) From The Bolivian Orocline, Imitating One Of The World’S Most Aggressive Ants, Robert Perger, Gonzalo D. Rubio

Insecta Mundi

A new species of ant-mimicking spider of the subfamily Castianeirinae, Myrmecotypus rubrofemo­ratus Perger and Rubio, new species (Araneae: Corinnidae), is described from the Pre-Andean area of the Bolivian orocline. Adults of M. rubrofemoratus new species resemble the carpenter ant Camponotus femora­tus Forel, 1907, which is considered one of the most aggressive ants in the world.

The Neotropical castianeirine genus Myrmecotypus Pickard-Cambridge is a group of slender, fast-running spi­ders that includes 11 species (World Spider Catalog 2020). Four species are reported from South America and three from Bolivia: M. iguazu Rubio and Arbino, 2009, M. niger Chickering, 1937, and M. …

First Record Of Phaenops Obtusa (Horn) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) In Massachusetts, Lawrence Barringer

Insecta Mundi

Phaenops obtusa (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) is reported from Massachusetts for the first time. Eco­logical and trapping information is also provided.

The genus Phaenops Dejean, 1833 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), sometimes treated as a subgenus of Melanophila Eschscholtz (e.g. Bright 1987), contains 15 species in North America, five which occur in the northeast (Nelson et al. 2008; Paiero et al. 2012). Phaenops obtusa (Horn) is primarily distributed in southeastern United States from Louisiana to Florida and South Carolina, with a disjunct occurrence reported from New York (Nelson et al. 2008). Presented here is the first record of P. obtusa from Massachusetts, extending its disjunct …

The Lycaenid Butterfly Fauna (Lepidoptera) Of Cosñipata, Peru: Annotated Checklist, Elevational Patterns, And Rarity, Gerardo Lamas, Michael L. Mcinnis, Robert C. Busby, Robert K. Robbins

Insecta Mundi

Peru’s Cosñipata Region in Cuzco and Madre de Dios Departments is a valley between Manu National Park and the Amarakaeri Communal Reserve that ranges from 400 to 4,000 m elevation. A team of experienced lepidopterists sampled the butterfly fauna of this valley for more than a decade (7,440 field person-hours). We analyze the data for Lycaenidae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea), a family for which we have taxonomic expertise. After adding data on the fauna from museums and the literature, we present an annotated checklist of the 340 Lycaenidae species recorded from the Cosñipata Region with notes for each species on the elevations …