Entomology Commons^™

Two New Species Of Byrrhinus Motschulsky, 1858 (Coleoptera, Limnichidae, Limnichinae) From Negros, Philippines, Emmanuel D. Delocado, Hendrik Freitag

Biology Faculty Publications

Two new species of Limnichidae beetles, Byrrhinus negrosensis sp. nov. and Byrrhinus villarini sp. nov., are described from the Island of Negros in the Philippines. The adult specimens of the new species can be differentiated by patterns of body punctation, colour and orientation of elytral pubescence, posterolateral angle of pronotum, tarsomere length ratio and aedeagal form. Two clades, representing the two new species, were retrieved in the Maximum Likelihood gene tree using the 3’-end of the COI gene. Maximum genetic divergence within B. negrosensis sp. nov. and B. villarini sp. nov. were recorded to be 2.3% and 1.3%, respectively, while …

Getting Out Of A Sticky Situation: Differential Escape Of Spotted Lanternfly From Two Commonly-Used Trapping Techniques, Jennifer L. Chandler

Sustainability Research & Practice Seminar Presentations

Professor Jen Chandler, Biology - Getting out of a Sticky Situation: Differential Escape of Spotted Lanternfly from Two Commonly-Used Trapping Techniques

Lily Leaf Beetle, Ann Mull, Lori R. Spears

All Current Publications

The lily leaf beetle (LLB) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is an important pest from Eurasia that threatens native and cultivated true lilies (Lilium spp.) and fritillaries (Fritillaria spp.). It is also known as the red lily leaf beetle or scarlet lily beetle. LLB was first reported in North America in Montréal, Canada, in 1945 and in the U.S. in 1992 in Massachusetts, likely arriving via European shipments of lily bulbs. LLB has been detected in nine of the 10 Canadian provinces and 14 U.S. states, including the New England states, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Washington (EDDMapS, 2021). Based on LLB’s native distribution …

High Rates Of Polygyny In Tropical Mexico Within The Native Range Of Vespula Squamosa., Alex K. Snyder, Kevin J. Loope

Honors College Theses

Polygyny, or the formation of colonies with multiple cooperating queens, has been observed in a variety of social Hymenoptera and likely exists as a convergent evolutionary strategy. Polygyne cooperation has been observed in several Vespula sp. and is correlated with a perennial social strategy. This perennial-polygyne behavior has been observed most commonly within the tropical and subtropical regions of the invasive Vespula pensylvanica and V. germanica, and rarely within their native temperate ranges. This phenomenon has been relatively undocumented within the tropical portions the V. squamosa native range, despite it being observed in their temperate ranges several times. We observed …

The Puzzling Presence Of Lestes Australis (Odonata: Lestidae) In Wisconsin - Does This Species Migrate?, Robert B. Dubois, Kenneth J. Tennessen

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Lestes disjunctus australis Walker, 1952 was named as a subspecies of Lestes disjunctus Selys, 1862. In recent decades it has been considered deserving of full species status by most specialists. The core of its eastern North American range is south of Wisconsin, but during April through June of some years, mature individuals, and occasionally reproductive behavior, are observed at shallow ponds and wetlands mostly in the southern half of the state. Since first recorded in Wisconsin in 2002, it has been detected in 13 of Wisconsin’s 72 counties. However, there has been no unequivocal documentation of successful reproduction in the …

New Record Of Idana Marginata (Say) (Diptera: Tephritoidea: Ulidiidae) From Wisconsin, Daniel K. Young

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Idana marginata (Say) was previously known from northeastern North America: Canada and the United States, west to northeastern Illinois and south to North Carolina. Herein, collection events are reported from Richland County in southwestern Wisconsin. This new state record significantly increases the known geographical distribution of the species to the west. The specimens were recovered from an unbaited Lindgren funnel trap during two intervals between 26 June and 28 July 2019.

Bark- And Wood-Infesting Insects (Coleoptera And Hymenoptera) And Associated Parasitoids Reared From Yellow Birch (Betula Alleghaniensis) In Ingham County, Michigan, Robert A. Haack

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Four species of bark- and wood-infesting borers (two Coleoptera and two Hymenoptera) and six parasitoid species (Hymenoptera) were reared from yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britton) one year after the trees were cut and left standing in a woodlot in Ingham County, Michigan in 1986–87. The borers were species of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) and Xiphydriidae (Hymenoptera), and hymenopteran parasitoid species of Aulacidae, Braconidae, Chalcididae, and Pteromalidae. Xiphydriophagus meyerinckii (Ratzeburg) (Pteromalidae) is a new Michigan state record. For the borers, yellow birch is a new host record for the cerambycid Sternidius alpha (Say) and the xiphydriid Xiphydria tibialis Say. Seasonal emergence data …

Anomalously Pale-Haired Specimens In Three Genera Of Cleptoparasitic Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Nomadinae), Thomas M. Onuferko

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Cases of partially albinic specimens of cleptoparasitic bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Nomadinae) in which the pubescence lacks the usual pigmentation are presented and discussed. Anomalously pale-haired individuals within the following three genera are known: Brachymelecta Linsley, Epeolus Latreille, and Triepeolus Robertson. Since two of the aberrant specimens were mistaken for and erroneously described as new taxa, the present paper draws attention to this phenomenon within bees and its potential to cause taxonomic confusion.

Plant Extract Efficacy On Mosquito Mortality: Preliminary Studies On The Effect Of Ailanthus Altissima Extract On Adult Aedes Aegypti And Culex Quinquefasciatus, John R. Wallace, Calen D. Wylie, Ryan L. Wagner

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Abstract

Due to the negative environmental impact and resistance to synthetic insecticides, the development of biological control has increased significantly over the past half century with the potential of plant extracts only recently attracting attention. The purpose of this preliminary study was to examine the potential of Ailanthus altissima extract as a botanical insecticide on adult mosquitoes. Two species of mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus) and a non-target lepidopteran species, Painted Lady butterfly (Vanessa cardui) were treated with A. altissima extract from new, mature, and senesced leaflets using serial dilutions (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%) …

Agricultural Natural Enemies Benefit Predominantly From Broader Scales Of Environmental Heterogeneity: A Quantitative Review, Aaron Iverson, Robyn Burnham, John Vandermeer

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Naturally occurring predator and parasitoid communities are well known to respond to multiple scales of environmental heterogeneity within and around agroecoystems, yet our understanding of which scales are most influential on different functional guilds of enemies is limited. Using vote-counting methodology, we synthesized the results from 40 empirical studies that observed how natural enemy richness, diversity, or parasitism rate is affected by environmental heterogeneity at a local scale (e.g. a focal field), an intermediate scale (e.g. habitat in immediate proximity of a focal field), and landscape scale (e.g. habitat within >200 m radius around focal field). Heterogeneity at all scales …

Spiraling Flight Behavior May Integrate The Biological Compass Systems Of Migratory North American Monarch Butterflies, (Danaus Plexippus, L.), Matthew M. Douglas

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Here I report a unique spiraling flight and orientation behavior (comprising multiple clockwise and counterclockwise circles coupled by extended figure-8 patterns) observed in free-flying “late” migratory monarchs released under sunny ambient field conditions from a location with an unobstructed view of the sky. Following this spiraling flight, migrants continue to fly at very high altitudes until a final orientation and migratory flight direction is established with vanishing bearings statistically concentrated to the SW/W. These results provide preliminary evidence for the possible calibration and use of an inclination magnetic compass that can be used under all local free-flying field conditions. During …

Susceptibility, Preference, And Suitability Of Carpinus And Ostrya Taxa For Gypsy Moth Larvae (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae), Fredric Miller, Susan Wiegrefe

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Twenty Carpinus taxa and three Ostrya taxa, growing in the tree breeding production area at The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, IL, were evaluated in laboratory bioassays for feeding susceptibility, preference, and suitability for gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar, L.) larvae. No-choice and multiple-choice laboratory feeding studies revealed that C. coreana, C. fargesii, C. laxiflora, and the hybrid C. caroliniana x C. orientalis were the least suitable for larval development and pupation, and were less preferred by gypsy moth larvae. Suitability rankings for gypsy moth larval development time were highly correlated with larval longevity, but the proportion of …

Influence Of Age On Decision Making By Ovipositing Pieris Rapae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)., Brett Breitkreutz, Tracy Le Wagner, Rodrigo J. Mercader

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Due to its effect on the time available for host selection and learning, butterfly age is expected to alter the degree of host specificity and potentially niche breadth. Here, we use the small cabbage white, Pieris rapae L., to test the effect of age on ovipositional specificity and decision-making time. Specifically, we examined the ovipositional behavior of P. rapae 4, 8, and 12 days post-emergence. Females were recorded in thirty-minute trials using leaves of two hosts, mustard leaves, Brassica juncea, and collard greens, Brassica oleracea Acephala group, and the non-host common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris. Subsequently, we measured …

Cover Art For Tgle Vol. 54 Nos. 1 & 2

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Cover Art for TGLE Vol. 54 Nos. 1 & 2

Cover Pages For Tgle Vol. 54 Nos. 1 & 2

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Cover Pages for TGLE Vol. 54 Nos. 1 & 2

Full Issue For Tgle Vol. 54 Nos. 1 & 2

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Full issue for TGLE Vol. 54 Nos. 1 & 2

Nebline, Nov./Dec.2021

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Holiday Food Tips

Recipes of the Month

Traditions Rituals and Routines During a COVID-19 Holiday Season

Wise Use of Private Water and Wastewater Systems Can Make the Holidays More Peaceful

Dormant Lawn Seeding

Garden Guide: Things to Do This Month

4-H Thanks 2021 Sponsors

Farmland Trends and Lease Considerations for 2022 Workshop

Upcoming Early Childhood Trainings

Ag Society Annual Election & Meeting

Heart of 4-H Volunteer Award, Jamie Wood

Heart of 4-H Volunteer Award, Julia Plugge

Slime, Jelly Worms & Goo: Food Science 4-H Workshop, Dec. 4

Finger Knit 4-H Workshop, Dec. 11

2021 4-H Horse Awards Night

4-H Announcements …

Type Locality Of Polyommatus Lucia (W. Kirby, 1837) (Lycaenidae: Polyomatinae) With An Inspection Of The Species' Phenotypic Expression, Norbert G. Kondla, Harry Pavulaan, David M. Wright

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

The type locality of Polyommatus lucia was not clearly defined by W. Kirby (1837) and been improperly interpreted as Cumberland House, Saskatchewan, Canada by several authors. The present paper examines the circumstances surrounding the collection of the specimen described and illustrated by William Kirby, and determines the type locality is Fort Carlton Provincial Park, Saskatchewan. The habitat, flora, and phenotypic expression of Celestrina lucia (W. Kirby) near the type locality are presented.

Subspecific Designation Of The U.S.A. Interior Highlands Population Of Argynnis (Speyeria) Diana (Cramer, 1777) (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae: Argynnini: Argynnina), Harry Pavulaan

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Subspecific designation is designated for the North American Interior Highlands population of Argynnis diana, based on four factors: mtDNA haplotype differences from nominotypical A. diana of the Appalachian Mountains; wing shape difference in the males between both regions; wing size of the adults; and tendency for females of the Interior Highlands to show tan coloration in the submarginal row of rectangular spots of the subapical region of the dorsal forewings.

Efficiencies Of Stationary Sampling Tools For The Tsetse Fly Glossina Fuscipes Fuscipes In Western Kenya, Njelembo J. Mbewe, Catherine L. Sole, Christian W.W. Pirk, Daniel K. Masiga, Abdullahi A. Yusuf

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Monitoring the effectiveness of tsetse fly control interventions that aim to reduce transmission of African trypanosomiasis requires highly efficient sampling tools that can catch flies at low densities. The sticky small target (StS-target) has previously been shown to be more effective in sampling Glossina fuscipes fuscipes compared to the biconical trap. However, its efficiency in terms of the proportion of flies it catches out of those that visit it has not been reported. Furthermore, there are no reports on whether tsetse samples caught using the StS-target can be used for subsequent processes such as molecular tests. In this study, we …

Socioeconomic And Health Impacts Of Fall Armyworm In Ethiopia, Zewdu Abro, Emily Kimathi, Hugo De Groote, Tadele Tefera, Subramanian Sevgan, Saliou Niassy, Menale Kassie

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Since 2016, fall armyworm (FAW) has threatened sub-Saharan ‘Africa’s fragile food systems and economic performance. Yet, there is limited evidence on this transboundary pest’s economic and food security impacts in the region. Additionally, the health and environmental consequences of the insecticides being used to control FAW have not been studied. This paper presents evidence on the impacts of FAW on maize production, food security, and human and environmental health. We use a combination of an agroecology-based community survey and nationally representative data from an agricultural household survey to achieve our objectives. The results indicate that the pest causes an average …

Virulence And Horizontal Transmission Of Metarhizium Anisopliae By The Adults Of The Greenhouse Whitefly Trialeurodes Vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) And The Efficacy Of Oil Formulations Against Its Nymphs, Vongai M. Paradza, Fathiya M. Khamis, Abdullahi A. Yusuf, Sevgan Subramanian, Komivi S. Akutse

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The pathogenicity of dry conidia and fungal suspensions of 16 entomopathogenic fungal isolates (10 Metarhizium anisopliae and six Beauveria bassiana) was evaluated against adults and second instar nymphs of the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum respectively. All the tested isolates were pathogenic to T. vaporariorum and caused mortality of 45–93% against the adults and 24–89% against the nymphs. However, M. anisopliae strains showed higher virulence to both developmental stages as compared to B. bassiana strains. The three most virulent isolates that caused high mortalities in adults were M. anisopliae ICIPE 18, ICIPE 62 and ICIPE 69, with cumulative mortalities of 82, …

Mating Frequency Of Female False Codling Moth, Thaumatotibia Leucotreta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): Trade-Off Between Fecundity And Longevity, Abdelmutalab G.A. Azrag, Shepard Ndlela, Abdullah M. Mkiga, Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a polyphagous insect pest native to sub-Saharan Africa. The larvae burrow into the fruit and feed on the pulp, thus inflicting huge direct (yield) and indirect losses (markets). Nevertheless, little is known about the mating frequency, behavior, and trade-off between fecundity and longevity of this pest. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of mating status and frequency on fecundity, fertility, and female longevity of T. leucotreta; evaluate the trade-off between the female fecundity and longevity, and evaluate the spermatophore degradation in the bursa copulatrix. The first mating occurred 13 h on average …

Pollinator Supplementation Mitigates Pollination Deficits In Smallholder Avocado (Persea Americana Mill.) Production Systems In Kenya, Rose Nyakemiso Sagwe, Marcell K. Peters, Thomas Dubois, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter, H. Michael G. Lattorff

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a major horticultural crop that relies on insect mediated pollination. In avocado production, a knowledge gap exists as to the importance of insect pollination, especially in East African smallholder farms. In this study, conducted in a leading smallholder avocado production region in Kenya, we assessed the dependence of avocado fruit set on insect pollination and whether current smallholder production systems suffer from a deficit in pollination services. Furthermore, we assessed if supplementation with colonies of the Western honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) to farms mitigated potential pollination deficits. Our results revealed a very high reliance …

Investigating Plant Tolerance For The Management Of Insect Pests In Rice, James Michael Villegas

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is the most destructive and widespread insect pest of rice (Oryza sativa L., Poaceae) in the USA. This insect poses a global threat to rice production, having invaded rice-producing regions of Asia and Europe. Moreover, lepidopteran stemborers, particularly the invasive Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), are increasingly becoming problematic in Louisiana rice. Although insecticidal seed treatments have been widely used against weevils and stemborers, alternative management strategies are needed. Plants possess defense-related traits that both reduce injury from herbivores (resistance) and the amount of yield loss per …

Two New Species Of Hermeuptychia From North America And Three Neotype Designations (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae), Qian Cong, Eduardo P. Barbosa, Mario A. Marín, André V. L. Freitas, Gerardo Lamas, Nick V. Grishin

The Taxonomic Report of the International Lepidoptera Survey

Abstract

Two new species of Hermeuptychia Forster, 1964 are described. Hermeuptychia sinuosa Grishin, sp. n. (type locality Guatemala: El Progreso, Morazán) is an isolated member of the genus that does not readily fit into known species groups, as suggested by its distinct male and female genitalia and COI DNA barcode sequences. It is distinguished from its congeners by prominently wavy submarginal lines, rounder wings and distinctive genitalia, and can typically be identified by a white dot, instead of an eyespot, near the ventral hindwing apex. Hermeuptychia occidentalis Grishin, sp. n. (type locality Mexico: Guerrero, Acapulco) belongs to the Hermeuptychia sosybius …

Factors Affecting The Epizootics Of Entomopathogenic Fungi-A Review, Mirza Abdul Qayyum, Huda Bilal, Unsar Naeem Ullah:, Habib Ali, Hasnain Raza, Muhammad Wajid

Journal of Bioresource Management

Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) specifically infect and kill insects can serve as a potential biological control agent. Several biotic and abiotic factors affect their occurrence, persistence, and epizootics caused by them. In biotic factors, fungi characters (host range, latency, spore density and dispersal, mainly host-pathogen compatibility), insect host factors (behavioral, morphological, and physiological), plant-mediated effects (plant architecture, surface chemistry, and leaf topology) are included supports or causes the barrier to mycobiopesticide. Abiotic factors which affect the EPF field persistence are mainly environmental (temperature, sunlight, humidity, rainfall) physical and chemical soil properties (soil texture, pH, E.c, moisture, C/N content, and organic matter) …

Plastic Biodegradation Through Insects And Their Symbionts Microbes: A Review, Huda Bilal, Hasnain Raza, Haseena Bibi, Tehmina Bibi

Journal of Bioresource Management

Plastic waste has recently been identified as one of the most serious environmental issues, affecting all life forms, natural habitats, and the economy, and is one of the most serious global environmental problems, second only to climate change. Seeking alternative environmentally sustainable options, such as biodegradation instead of conventional disposal, is critical in the face of this challenge. However, there is currently a lack of information about the mechanisms and efficacy of plastic biodegradation. From this perspective, this study aims to illustrate the negative environmental impacts of the plastic waste. It also addresses the role of insects and gut microbiota …

Dwarf White Clover Supports Pollinators, Augments Nitrogen In Clover-Turfgrass Lawns, And Suppresses Root-Feeding Grubs In Monoculture But Not In Mixed Swards, Daniel A. Potter, Carl T. Redmond, Timothy D. Mcnamara, Gregg C. Munshaw

Entomology Faculty Publications

The runoff or leaching of nitrogen fertilizers from monoculture turfgrass lawns contri-butes to water pollution, and such lawns are susceptible to insect pests and provide few resources for pollinators. One approach to creating more sustainable lawns is to incorporate white clover (Trifolium repens L.), a nitrogen-fixing legume, into grass seed mixtures or existing turfgrass swards. “Dutch” white clover (DWC), a ubiquitous landrace, forms non-uniform clumps when intermixed with turfgrasses, thus it is often considered to be a lawn weed. Recently, several dwarf varieties of white clover have been selected for their small leaf size and low growth habit, allowing …

A New Species And Significant Range Extension For The Genus Fractipes Bechynĕ (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae: Eumolpini), Wills Flowers

Insecta Mundi

Fractipes tayrona new species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae: Eumolpini) is described from a dry forest on the Caribbean coast of Colombia. This locality is very distant from the localities in southeast Brazil, where the other two known species of Fractipes Bechynĕ were described. Male and female genitalia are described for the first time in this genus, and F. tayrona is compared with holotype photographs of F. rhabdopteroides Bechynĕ and F. secundus Bechynĕ and Springlová de Bechynĕ.

Resumen. Se describe Fractipes tayrona especie nueva (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Eumolpinae: Eumol­pini) de la costa Caribe de Colombia. La especie fue recolectada en un bosque seco, …