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Articles 4141 - 4170 of 10518

Full-Text Articles in Zoology

Changes In Body Mass Of Postweaning Juveniles Of The Edible Dormouse, Glis Glis (L.), In Captivity, Miroslaw Jurczyszyn, Anna Marchewka, Agata Czapracka, Lidia Karminska Jan 2018

Changes In Body Mass Of Postweaning Juveniles Of The Edible Dormouse, Glis Glis (L.), In Captivity, Miroslaw Jurczyszyn, Anna Marchewka, Agata Czapracka, Lidia Karminska

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Edible dormice have to accumulate an adequate amount of body fat before hibernation. Because young dormice are born late in the season, they have a relatively short time for prehibernation fattening. The aim of our study was a) to determine what body mass juveniles reach prior to hibernation, and b) to examine patterns of mass gain in juvenile dormice with unlimited food supply. Dormice were kept in outdoor cages, fitted with wooden boxes and with the floor covered with soil suitable for hibernation. They were provided with water and fed ad libitum. They were weighed every 5-8 days. Of 34 …

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Morphology, Sex Ratio, And Diet Of Bothus Podas (Delaroche, 1809) In Heraklion Bay, Crete (Greece), Dimitris Moutopoulos, Maria Chouli, Aikaterini Dogrammatzi, Kostantia-Nadia Papadopoulou, Chris J. Smith, Paraskevi Karachle Jan 2018

Morphology, Sex Ratio, And Diet Of Bothus Podas (Delaroche, 1809) In Heraklion Bay, Crete (Greece), Dimitris Moutopoulos, Maria Chouli, Aikaterini Dogrammatzi, Kostantia-Nadia Papadopoulou, Chris J. Smith, Paraskevi Karachle

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The aim of the present study is to provide morphometric relationships for the Mediterranean wide-eyed flounder Bothus podas (Delaroche, 1809), to identify possible sexual dimorphism, and to determine the feeding habits and the functional role of the species in the ecosystem. Sampling was carried out during a trawl survey off the coast of northern Crete in early May of 2015. A total of 425 specimens were examined (175 males and 250 females; total length (TL) range: 6.2-13.5 cm and 6.0-15.1 cm, respectively). The relationships between TL and weight, interorbital space (IO), body height (BH), and mouth dimensions (horizontal mouth opening: …

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Geographical Variation In Morphometry, Craniometry, And Diet Of Amammalian Species (Stone Marten, Martes Foina) Using Data Mining, Malamati Papakosta, Kyriaki Kitikidou, Dimitrios Bakaloudis, Christos Vlachos, Evangelos Chatzinikos, Olga Alexandrou, Anastasios Sakoulis Jan 2018

Geographical Variation In Morphometry, Craniometry, And Diet Of Amammalian Species (Stone Marten, Martes Foina) Using Data Mining, Malamati Papakosta, Kyriaki Kitikidou, Dimitrios Bakaloudis, Christos Vlachos, Evangelos Chatzinikos, Olga Alexandrou, Anastasios Sakoulis

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Ecologists use various data mining techniques to make predictions and estimations, to identify patterns in datasets and relationships between qualitative and quantitative variables, or to classify variables. The aim of this study was to investigate if the application of data mining could be used to study geographical variation in the morphometry, craniometry, and diet of a mammalian species (Martes foina), and to determine whether data mining can complement genetic analysis to recognize subspecies. Morphometric, craniometric, and dietary data were collected from three different geographical regions in Greece (mainland, Aegean islands, and the island of Crete), and data mining techniques were …

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Age Estimation Of Black Stork (Ciconia Nigra) Nestlings From Wing, Bill, Head, And Tarsus Lengths At The Time Of Ringing, Maciej Kaminski, Bartosz Janic, Lidia Marszal, Jerzy Banbura, Piotr Zielinski Jan 2018

Age Estimation Of Black Stork (Ciconia Nigra) Nestlings From Wing, Bill, Head, And Tarsus Lengths At The Time Of Ringing, Maciej Kaminski, Bartosz Janic, Lidia Marszal, Jerzy Banbura, Piotr Zielinski

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Black stork nestlings were measured (wing, bill, head, and tarsus lengths) at weekly intervals in central Poland in 2012, 2014, and 2015. The aim of the study was to provide growth equations based on nestling measurements to allow age estimation of black stork nestlings. The hatching hour and date of nestlings in five nests were determined using trail cameras. The age of the measured nestlings ranged from 18 to 53 days. Wing, bill, and head lengths showed linear growth, while tarsus growth was only linear for nestlings not exceeding 35 days old. Within the age range studied, wing length grew …

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The First Record Of The Eggs Of Black Wing Flyingfish Hirundichthys Rondeletii (Valenciennes, 1846) In The Turkish Nearshores Of The Aegean Sea (Gümüldür), Orçi̇n Uygun, Belgi̇n Hoşsucu Jan 2018

The First Record Of The Eggs Of Black Wing Flyingfish Hirundichthys Rondeletii (Valenciennes, 1846) In The Turkish Nearshores Of The Aegean Sea (Gümüldür), Orçi̇n Uygun, Belgi̇n Hoşsucu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Hirundichthys rondeletii is among the three flyingfish species showing distribution in the Turkish seas. However, the egg stages of Exocoetidae species found in the Turkish waters have not been documented. Flyingfish eggs were randomly obtained on 16 July 2016 on the coast of Gümüldür, at a depth of approximately 1 m from a sandy bottom. Samples were fixed in a 4% buffered formaldehyde solution. The eggs were described and illustrated. The diameters of spherical fish eggs were between 1.75 mm and 2.05 mm. They have bipolar filaments: a single filament on one pole and 28-33 filaments on the other pole. …

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New Records Of Centrodora Forster (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) From The Caucasus, George Japoshvili Jan 2018

New Records Of Centrodora Forster (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) From The Caucasus, George Japoshvili

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The Georgian (Sakartvelo) species of Centrodora Forster, 1878 (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) have been collected from the Lagodekhi Protected Areas and three species (C. salicis, C. ochrura, C. dorsati) are recorded for the first time from Georgia and the Caucasus

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Natural Infection Of The Land Snails Xerolenta Obvia, Zebrina Detrita, And Monacha Samsunensis By Brachylaima Sp. Metacercariae In Kastamonu, Turkey, Fatma Mohamed Abdualrazig Khalifa Ismail, Gözde Gürelli̇ Jan 2018

Natural Infection Of The Land Snails Xerolenta Obvia, Zebrina Detrita, And Monacha Samsunensis By Brachylaima Sp. Metacercariae In Kastamonu, Turkey, Fatma Mohamed Abdualrazig Khalifa Ismail, Gözde Gürelli̇

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study investigated the prevalence of infection, and some of its morphological features, of the land snails Xerolenta obvia, Zebrina detrita, and Monacha samsunensis (Mollusca: Pulmonata) by metacercariae of Brachylaima sp. (Trematoda: Brachylaimidae) in Kastamonu, Turkey. The land snails were collected in spring and autumn. The prevalence rates of infection by metacercariae of Brachylaima sp. were 5.74%, 1.68%, and 17.35% in X. obvia, Z. detrita, and M. samsunensis, respectively. This study reports for the first time the natural occurrence of Brachylaima sp. unencysted metacercariae in the hepatopancreas of these three land snails.

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New Data On Aplidium Tabarquense (Tunicata: Ascidiacea)Distribution In The Adriatic Sea, Slavica Petovic, Flavia Grieco, Vesna Macic, Federica Montesanto, Francesco Mastrototaro Jan 2018

New Data On Aplidium Tabarquense (Tunicata: Ascidiacea)Distribution In The Adriatic Sea, Slavica Petovic, Flavia Grieco, Vesna Macic, Federica Montesanto, Francesco Mastrototaro

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The colonial ascidian Aplidium tabarquense Ramos-Espla 1991 was recorded in Montenegro during a monitory survey carried out by scuba divers on an underwater outfall of the wastewater discharge system in Traste Bay. Several colonies were present on artificial substrata at a depth of 27 m. This is the first record of the species in the South Adriatic Sea. Further observations are recommended both to delineate the effective distribution and population density of A. tabarquense in the Mediterranean Sea and to widen the knowledge on ascidian diversity along Montenegro's coasts.

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Rediscovery Of Eunapius Carteri (Bowerbank, 1863) In Western Europe, Rafael Carballeira Jan 2018

Rediscovery Of Eunapius Carteri (Bowerbank, 1863) In Western Europe, Rafael Carballeira

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The freshwater sponge collections of the National Museum of Natural History of Madrid were examined and the presence of Eunapius carteri (Bowerbank, 1863) in the Iberian Peninsula was rediscovered. An approach to its ecology is also presented. This species is not currently considered within the Iberian and Western European fauna. Therefore, its rediscovery changes the conception of this species' biogeographical distribution in Europe linked to its ecology.

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A New Gammaridean Amphipod From The Lake District Region Of Turkey: Gammarus Deryae Sp. Nov., Murat Özbek Jan 2018

A New Gammaridean Amphipod From The Lake District Region Of Turkey: Gammarus Deryae Sp. Nov., Murat Özbek

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In order to determine the distribution and composition of freshwater amphipod species of the Lake District Region of Turkey, detailed samplings were conducted between 1998 and 2001. Among these materials, those from Pınar Pazarı and Yukarı Gökdere villages (Isparta Province, Turkey) were studied in the present study. Because of having different character combinations, the author believes that they belong to a new species, Gammarus deryae sp. nov. The new species is a typical member of the Gammarus pulex-group having setose third and fourth pereopod and uropod 3 where dense plumose setae exist. Elevated urosomal segments and sharply pointed third epimeral …

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A New Species Of Trichocera Meigen With Further Records Of Metatrichocera Dahl From Bulgaria, Romania, And Serbia (Diptera, Trichoceridae), Levente Péter Kolcsár, Andrius Petrasiunas, Edina Török, Lujza Keresztes Jan 2018

A New Species Of Trichocera Meigen With Further Records Of Metatrichocera Dahl From Bulgaria, Romania, And Serbia (Diptera, Trichoceridae), Levente Péter Kolcsár, Andrius Petrasiunas, Edina Török, Lujza Keresztes

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Here we report a new winter crane fly (Trichoceridae) species, belonging to the subgenus Metatrichocera Dahl, 1966 from Bulgaria. Further records of Metatrichocera Dahl from Bulgaria, Romania, and Serbia are presented with illustrations and taxonomic remarks. The records of Trichocera (Metatrichocera) forcipula Nielsen, 1920 and Trichocera (Metatrichocera) ticina Stary & Podenas, 1995 represent the first records of Trichoceridae from Serbia.

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Iranian Branchiostoma Species (Cephalochordata, Branchiostomatidae) Inhabiting Chabahar Bay (Gulf Of Oman), With Remarks On Habitat Preferences, Abdolvahab Maghsoudlou Jan 2018

Iranian Branchiostoma Species (Cephalochordata, Branchiostomatidae) Inhabiting Chabahar Bay (Gulf Of Oman), With Remarks On Habitat Preferences, Abdolvahab Maghsoudlou

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Variations in the population of lancelets inhabiting Chabahar Bay were surveyed statistically. Multivariate analysis of the Iranian Branchiostoma population using 5 morphometric characteristics indicates no separation of populations by locality in the study area (ANOSIM global; R = 0.2). Principal component analysis of the mean values of the 5 meristic characteristics of the present population with those of conspecifics of other populations around the world showed that Iranian lancelet populations are very similar to B. lanceolatum and completely different from the B. arabia and B. belcheri previously reported in adjacent waters (ANOSIM for pairwise tests; R = 1). Cluster analysis …

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Tintinnina (Ciliophora) And Foraminifera In Plankton Of Hypersalinelagoon Bardawil (Egypt): Spatial And Temporal Variability, Gamal El-Shabrawy, Elena Anufriieva, Nickolai Shadrin Jan 2018

Tintinnina (Ciliophora) And Foraminifera In Plankton Of Hypersalinelagoon Bardawil (Egypt): Spatial And Temporal Variability, Gamal El-Shabrawy, Elena Anufriieva, Nickolai Shadrin

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Lagoon Bardawil, belonging to the few hypersaline lagoons in the Mediterranean Sea, is located in the middle of the Sinai coast. Composition, distribution, and seasonal dynamics of large planktonic tintinnids and foraminifera at 12 stations in the lagoon were studied in 2009 and 2010. Fifteen species of Ciliophora (Tintinnina) and two species of Foraminifera were identified. The occurrence of different species varied greatly in the study period: two species were found in 42% to 49% of all samples, two species in 21% to 23%, 4 species in 10% to 20%, and 10 species in 1% to 5%. Only three species …

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Haematopoiesis In The European Common Toad Bufo Bufo (Linnaeus, 1758): New Methodological Insights To Study General, Seasonal, And Sexual Haematopoietic Distribution And Maturation Pattern, Damir Suljevic, Muhamed Focak, Filip Filipic, Alen Hamzic, Nadja Zubcevic, Andi Alijagic Jan 2018

Haematopoiesis In The European Common Toad Bufo Bufo (Linnaeus, 1758): New Methodological Insights To Study General, Seasonal, And Sexual Haematopoietic Distribution And Maturation Pattern, Damir Suljevic, Muhamed Focak, Filip Filipic, Alen Hamzic, Nadja Zubcevic, Andi Alijagic

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Peripheral blood and haematopoiesis in bone marrow and liver tissue were investigated in Bufo bufo during the sexual cycle. A combined touch and imprinting tissue method were applied for the haematopoietic cell isolation. The liver is the primary site of erythropoiesis and partial lymphopoiesis. There was a positive correlation between body mass and liver mass, but it was not significant (P > 0.05). The primary role of yellow bone marrow is the maturation of haematopoietic cells, while red bone marrow is responsible for the production of blood cells. The largest surface, and therefore the largest dimensions, was established for erythrocytes. Significant …

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The Evolutionary Trend Of Platform Denticulation In Middle Triassic Acuminate Gondolellidae (Conodonta), Pablo Plasencia, Ali̇ Murat Kiliç, Aymon Baud, Milan Sudar, Francis Hirsch Jan 2018

The Evolutionary Trend Of Platform Denticulation In Middle Triassic Acuminate Gondolellidae (Conodonta), Pablo Plasencia, Ali̇ Murat Kiliç, Aymon Baud, Milan Sudar, Francis Hirsch

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Acuminate Middle-Late Triassic Gondolellidae are characterized by an ellipsoid platform with a central to posterior amygdaloid basal cavity and an octomembrate apparatus of gondolelloid affinity. Starting with a neospathodiform proteromorph during the Anisian, their anagenetic lineage developed during the Fassanian, Longobardian, and Julian, ending in another neospathodiform proteromorph. As the increase in complexity in the platform denticulation is an important evolutionary trend, three new genera are proposed: Guexispathodus n. gen., Marquezella n. gen., and Kirilella n. gen., which, together with Pseudofurnishius and Mosherella, represent the subfamily Marquezellinae n. subfam.

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Does The Location Of Coastal Brackish Waters Determine Diversityand Abundance Of Zooplankton Assemblages?, Agnieszka Gutkowska, Ewa Paturej, Jacek Koszalka Jan 2018

Does The Location Of Coastal Brackish Waters Determine Diversityand Abundance Of Zooplankton Assemblages?, Agnieszka Gutkowska, Ewa Paturej, Jacek Koszalka

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Habitat conditions may shape the abundance and community structure of planktonic fauna. In this study, we investigated whether reservoirs with different locations and drainage basins also differed in the structure and abundance of zooplankton. The studies were conducted in 2010-2011 between June and October in the Vistula Lagoon and Lake Lebsko. The zooplankton was dominated mainly by small eurytopic organisms belonging to Rotifera. Plankton crustaceans showed a limited diversity of species. Copepods were predominant, while Cladocera were observed sporadically in more freshwater habitats. In the first experimental season (2010), the Vistula Lagoon and Lake Lebsko showed a comparable taxonomic structure …

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Biochemical Blood Parameters And Hormone Levels Of Foraging, Nesting,And Injured Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta Caretta) In Turkey, Doğan Sözbi̇len, Yakup Kaska Jan 2018

Biochemical Blood Parameters And Hormone Levels Of Foraging, Nesting,And Injured Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta Caretta) In Turkey, Doğan Sözbi̇len, Yakup Kaska

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The biochemical blood parameters of 22 (7 foraging, 7 nesting, and 8 injured) loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) from the southwest coast of Turkey were investigated. A total of 27 blood variables were analyzed in three groups (plasma enzymes, plasma metabolites, and plasma ions), and 4 steroid hormones: testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), progesterone (Pro), and corticosterone (B). Triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, magnesium, and phosphorus were higher in nesting females; urea was high in foraging individuals; and sodium, potassium, and chloride were lower while estradiol levels were higher in injured individuals. In addition, plasma steroid hormone levels T, …

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Morphological Characterization Of Hemocyte Types In Some Species Belonging Totettigoniidae And Pamphagidae (Insecta: Orthoptera), Gürhan Öztürk, Özlem Çakici, Hüseyi̇n Arikan Jan 2018

Morphological Characterization Of Hemocyte Types In Some Species Belonging Totettigoniidae And Pamphagidae (Insecta: Orthoptera), Gürhan Öztürk, Özlem Çakici, Hüseyi̇n Arikan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In the present study, the species Eupholidoptera smyrnensis (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae), Decticus verrucivorus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae), and Glyphotmethis spp. (Orthoptera: Pamphagidae) were studied in order to determine hemocyte types. To that end, hemolymph smear preparations were stained using Wright's stain. According to light microscopic examinations, five hemocyte types, prohemocytes, plasmatocytes, granulocytes, spherulocytes, and oenocytoids, were determined in each species. Prohemocytes are basic and the smallest cell type in the hemolymph. Plasmatocytes show polymorphism and they may have pseudopodia. Granulocytes are characterized by granules in their cytoplasm. Spherulocytes typically include spherical vacuoles. Oenocytoids are the largest cells …

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Diet Composition And Prey Diversity Of Tengmalm's Owl Aegolius Funereus(Linnaeus, 1758; Aves: Strigidae) In Central Serbia During Breeding, Drazenko Z. Rajkovic Jan 2018

Diet Composition And Prey Diversity Of Tengmalm's Owl Aegolius Funereus(Linnaeus, 1758; Aves: Strigidae) In Central Serbia During Breeding, Drazenko Z. Rajkovic

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Annual variation in the diet, composition, and prey diversity of Tengmalm's owl Aegolius funereus (Linnaeus, 1758) was investigated in high-mountain coniferous forests of Mt. Kopaonik (central Serbia) during 3 consecutive years. Prey remains and decomposed pellets (detritus) were collected at the bottom of nest-boxes during 2 separate periods: during mating and after nesting. Prey remains such as maxillae, mandibles, beaks, or feathers were used for prey identification. In total, 438 prey items were separated and identified. Small mammals represented the most numerous class of prey (87.23%). The most frequent prey item was bank vole Myodes glareolus (23.29%). During the nesting …

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Potential Distribution Of The Guava Psyllid Triozoida Limbata (Hemiptera, Psylloidea), Today And In Global Climate Change Scenarios, Dalva Queiroz, Marcos Silveira Wrege, Talita Benedcta Santos Künast, Marilice Cordeiro Garrastazu, Daniel Burckhardt Jan 2018

Potential Distribution Of The Guava Psyllid Triozoida Limbata (Hemiptera, Psylloidea), Today And In Global Climate Change Scenarios, Dalva Queiroz, Marcos Silveira Wrege, Talita Benedcta Santos Künast, Marilice Cordeiro Garrastazu, Daniel Burckhardt

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The jumping plant-louse Triozoida limbata is monophagous on guava (Psidium guajava), inducing leaf galls. Guava is planted today in warmer regions around the world but T. limbata is restricted to Central and South America. Recently, the latter has become a key pest in commercial plantations in Brazil (Pernambuco and São Paulo). Modeling of potential distributions is a good tool for developing control strategies of insect pests. Based on distributional data from the Americas, we created models for the psyllids for the present and future using different scenarios of climate change. The OpenModeller eco-niche modeling program was used with the Environmental …

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Two Fallacies In Comparisons Between Humans And Non-Humans, Don Ross Jan 2018

Two Fallacies In Comparisons Between Humans And Non-Humans, Don Ross

Animal Sentience

The hypothesis that humans are superior to non-humans by virtue of higher cognitive powers is often supported by two recurrent fallacies: (1) that any competence shown by humans but not by our closest living relatives (apes) must be unique to humans; and (2) that grades of intelligence can be inferred from behavior without regard to motivational structures.

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Aspects Of White-Tailed Deer Ecology And Management: Effects Of Imidacloprid And An Evaluation Of Management At Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, Elise Hughes Berheim Jan 2018

Aspects Of White-Tailed Deer Ecology And Management: Effects Of Imidacloprid And An Evaluation Of Management At Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, Elise Hughes Berheim

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

White-tail deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are an economically and recreationally important species throughout their range, and understanding their ecology to implement beneficial management techniques is invaluable. This thesis focused on two studies 1) the effect of Imidacloprid on adult female and fawn physiology and 2) an evaluation of techniques to monitor white-tailed deer at Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge (GSNWR). Imidacloprid, a widely-used pesticide, has been linked to lethal and sub-lethal effects in insects and small vertebrates, however, no research has been conducted on white-tailed deer. Twenty captive pregnant adult female and subsequent fawns housed at the South Dakota …

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Natural History Of The Southern Bog Lemming In Southeastern Virginia, Robert K. Rose Jan 2018

Natural History Of The Southern Bog Lemming In Southeastern Virginia, Robert K. Rose

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The isolated subspecies of Southern Bog Lemming of southeastern Virginia, Synaptomys cooperi helaletes, has been studied extensively since its "rediscovery" in the Great Dismal Swamp in 1980. Multiple studies using pitfall traps, starting in the Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge and then extending elsewhere in southeastern Virginia and adjacent northeastern North Carolina, have revealed lemmings to be much more widespread and often more common than previously believed, with their presence now confirmed as far west as Surry and Sussex counties, about 30 km east of Petersburg, Virginia. When present, lemmings often are among the most numerous members of …

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Forest Type Influences Population Densities Of Nocturnal Lemurs In Manompana, Northeastern Madagascar, Alex Miller, Harriet R. Mills, Tantely Ralantoharijaona, Nicole A. Volasoa, Chantal Misandeau, Lounès Chikhi, Roberta Bencini, Jordi Salmona Jan 2018

Forest Type Influences Population Densities Of Nocturnal Lemurs In Manompana, Northeastern Madagascar, Alex Miller, Harriet R. Mills, Tantely Ralantoharijaona, Nicole A. Volasoa, Chantal Misandeau, Lounès Chikhi, Roberta Bencini, Jordi Salmona

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Forest loss, fragmentation, and anthropization threaten the survival of forest species all over the world. Shifting agriculture is one of these threatening processes in Madagascar. However, when its cycle is halted and the land is left to regenerate, the resulting growth of secondary forest may provide a viable habitat for folivorous and omnivorous lemur species. We aimed to identify the response of nocturnal lemurs to different successional stages of regenerating secondary, degraded mature, and mature forest across a mosaic-type landscape. We surveyed four nocturnal lemur species (Avahi laniger, Microcebus cf. simmonsi, Allocebus trichotis, and Daubentonia madagascariensis) in four forest types …

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Diet Composition Explains Reductions In Stream Salamander Occupancy And Abundance Along A Conductivity Gradient, Jacob Matthew Hutton Jan 2018

Diet Composition Explains Reductions In Stream Salamander Occupancy And Abundance Along A Conductivity Gradient, Jacob Matthew Hutton

Theses and Dissertations--Forestry and Natural Resources

Changes in land use such as mountaintop removal mining with valley fills (MTR/VF) affect chemical, physical, and hydrological properties of headwater streams. Although numerous stream taxa have experienced significant declines from MTR/VF, stream salamanders appear to be particularly sensitive. Yet, the specific mechanism(s) responsible for the population declines has eluded researchers. We sampled salamander assemblages across a continuous specific conductivity (SC) gradient in southeastern Kentucky and estimated occupancy rates and abundance estimates along this gradient. We also examined the diet of larval and adult salamanders to determine if autochthony (A/T prey), total prey volume, and body condition is influenced by …

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Evidence For Extra-Gastric Expression Of The Proton Pump H+/K+ -Atpase In The Gills And Kidney Of The Teleost Oreochromis Niloticus, Ebtesam Barnawi Jan 2018

Evidence For Extra-Gastric Expression Of The Proton Pump H+/K+ -Atpase In The Gills And Kidney Of The Teleost Oreochromis Niloticus, Ebtesam Barnawi

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

It is well known that stomach acid secretion by oxynticopeptic cells of the gastric mucosa is accomplished by the H+/ K+-ATPase (HKA), which is comprised of the HKα1 (gene: atp4a) and HKβ (gene: atp4b) subunits. However, the role of the HKA in extra-gastric organs such as the gill and kidney is less clear especially in fishes. This pump may contribute to active ion and/or acid-base regulation either through direct ion transport or through secondary transport proteins against unfavorable concentration gradients via the energy derived from ATP hydrolysis. In the present work I have demonstrated …

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Gill Structure & Function In Parasitic And Non-Parasitic Lampreys: The Effects Of Metamorphosis And Freshwater-Seawater Transfer, Julia Sunga Jan 2018

Gill Structure & Function In Parasitic And Non-Parasitic Lampreys: The Effects Of Metamorphosis And Freshwater-Seawater Transfer, Julia Sunga

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Lamprey (Petromyzontiformes) are a phylogenetically ancient group of jawless fishes that begin their lives as filter-feeding larvae (ammocoetes) before undergoing a complex metamorphosis into juvenile lamprey that involves major changes to their internal and external body plan. Some parasitic species, such as the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), migrate to sea following metamorphosis, where they use their oral discs and rasping tongue to attach to and ingest vast quantities of blood from fishes. Thus, sea lamprey have to counter the simultaneous challenges of hyposmoregulation in sea water and the generation of large quantities of ammonia due to the …

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Human And Nonhuman Animals: Equals In Uniqueness, Uta Maria Juergens Jan 2018

Human And Nonhuman Animals: Equals In Uniqueness, Uta Maria Juergens

Animal Sentience

Chapman & Huffman attack the idea that humans are unique and therefore superior to nonhuman beings. They call on humankind to use their “intellect to change [their] actions.” I am in full accord with their line of thought, which differentiates uniqueness from superiority and enjoins humans to take responsible action. I suggest, however, that humans are unique with regard to cognitive fluidity. The same conclusions can be reached via another argument based on human uniqueness.

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Can They Suffer?, Todd K. Shackelford Jan 2018

Can They Suffer?, Todd K. Shackelford

Animal Sentience

We should treat sentient nonhuman animals as worthy of moral consideration, not because we share an evolutionary history with them, but because they can suffer. As Chapman & Huffman (2018) argue, humans are not uniquely disconnected from other species. We should minimize the suffering we inflict on sentient beings — whether human or nonhuman — not because they, too, are tool-makers or have sophisticated communication systems, but because they, too, can suffer, and suffering is bad.

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Why Do We Want To Think Humans Are Different?, Colin A. Chapman, Michael A. Huffman Jan 2018

Why Do We Want To Think Humans Are Different?, Colin A. Chapman, Michael A. Huffman

Animal Sentience

One harmful consequence of creating categories where one group is unique and superior to others is that it justifies committing negative, often atrocious, acts on the members of the inferior group. Correcting divisive human categorizations (racial superiority, gender superiority) has bettered society. Scholars have often claimed that humans are unique and superior to nonhuman animals. These claims need to be reevaluated. Many have already been refuted. Animals have been shown to outperform humans in many tasks, including cognitive ones. Here we raise the question: Has the false sense of superiority been used to justify human cruelty to animals?

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