Sheep and Goat Science Commons^™

Effects Of Glycerol And Sire Breed On Growth And Carcass Traits Of Finishing Wether Lambs, R.M. Beck, A.E. Wertz-Lutz, C.L. Wright, J.E. Held

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

Objectives: To evaluate crude glycerin as an energy source for finishing lambs and to determine the effect of sire breed on finishing lamb growth performance and carcass characteristics. In light of previous research, the hypothesis for this experiment was that glycerol would have an energy value similar to that of corn when fed in high concentrate diets to finishing lambs.

Effects Of Increasing Dietary Energy Density By Replacing Hay With Soyhulls (Sh) And Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles (Ddgs) On Nutrient Digestibility And Rumen Physiology, R.D. Zelinsky, A.E. Wertz-Lutz, J.E. Held

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

Objectives: To determine the effects of increasing dietary energy density in lamb diets from soybean hulls (SH) and dried distillers grain with solubles (DDGS) on nutrient digestibility and rumen physiology.

Dry Matter Intake, Feed Efficiency And Animal Growth Response To Treated Corn Stover Inclusion In Lamb Finishing Diets, P.L. Reading, A. Kolthoff, J.E. Held, K. Bruns

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

To evaluate the effect of varying levels of treated corn stover on the dry matter intake and growth performance of growing lambs.

Effects Of Increasing The Energy Density Of A Lactating Ewe Diet By Replacing Hay With Soyhulls (Sh) And Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles (Ddgs), R.D. Zelinsky, A.E. Wertz-Lutz, J.E. Held

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of increasing the ewe’s dietary energy by replacing hay with SH and DDGS on milk production, nutrient composition, lamb growth, and changes in ewe body weight and body condition score (BCS).

Presence Of Mycoplasma Sp. In Lambs With Lung Lesions, J.A. Daniel, J.E. Held, L. Holler

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

Objectives: To test the impact of NPCoat administration on the prevalence of lung lesions in lambs.

Effect Of Level Of Soyhulls On Finishing Lamb Growth Efficiency And Carcass Merit, J.E. Held, R.D. Zelinsky, R. Beck, K. Bruns

South Dakota State University Sheep Research Report, 2014

Objectives: To determine the effects of soyhull (SH) based diets on finishing lamb growth performance, feed efficiency and carcass merit.

Sheep Updates 2014, James Kynge, David Lindsay, Johan Greeff, John Young, Luke Stephen, Graham Gardner, Stephen Lee, Bindi Murray, James Rowe

Sheep Updates

This session covers nine papers from different authors:

Genetic Research: A brave new world of opportunities

1. "China's Appetite" - The implications for WA, James Kynge, Chairman, FT Confidential Research, Emerging Markets Editor, Financial Times, London.

2. The genetics warm-up - the secret language of genetic research and its impacts on WA's sheep flock, Professor David Lindsay, University of Western Australia, Perth WA

The strength of genetic data: is it really valuable?

3. Genetic research in Western Australia - What have the compromises in production been? Johan Greeff, Senior Geneticist, Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia

4. Show …

Effects Of Nutritional Level Of Concentrate‐Based Diets On Meat Quality And Expression Levels Of Genes Related To Meat Quality In Hainan Black Goats, Dingfa Wang, Luli Zhou, Hanlin Zhou, Guanyu Hou, Liguang Shi, Mao Li, Xianzhou Huang, Song Guan

Faculty Publications

The present study investigated the effects of the nutritional levels of diets on meat quality and related gene expression in Hainan black goat. Twenty-four goats were divided into six dietary treatments and were fed a concentrate-based diet with two levels of crude protein (CP) (15% or 17%) and three levels of digestive energy (DE) (11.72, 12.55 or 13.39 MJ/kg DM) for 90 days. Goats fed the concentrate-based diet with 17% CP had significantly (P < 0.05) higher average daily gains (ADG) and better feed conversion rates (FCR). The pH 24h value tended to decrease (P < 0.05) with increasing DE levels. The tenderness of Longissimus dorsi muscle (LD) and Semimembranosus muscle (SM) reduced with increasing CP levels (P < 0.05). With increasing DE levels, tenderness was increased (P < 0.05). The heart fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) mRNA expression levels in LD and SM increased with increasing DE levels (P < 0.05), but decreased with increasing CP levels (P < 0.05). The calpastatin (CAST) and μ-calpain mRNA expressions levels in LD and SM were affected significantly (P < 0.05) by CP and DE levels in the diet. Therefore, the nutritional levels of diets affect meat quality and expression levels of genes associated with meat quality in Hainan black goats.

Improving Lamb Performance With Sericea Lespedeza And Molybdenum, Mohan Acharya

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this research was to find the effect of prolonged feeding of sericea lespedeza (SL) supplemented with sodium molybdate on changes in body weight, serum and liver concentration of trace minerals (TM), hematology, serum biochemistry, and gastrointestinal parasites. Thirty ram lambs (Katahdin and ¾ Katahdin × ¼ Romanov) were weaned; blood, liver, and fecal samples were collected and signs of internal parasitic infection on lambs were recorded. Lambs were supplemented with 900 g of alfalfa (n = 10; CON) or SL (n = 20) based supplement for 103 d. Within the SL group, half of the lambs were …

Disease And Predation: Sorting Out Causes Of A Bighorn Sheep (Ovis Canadensis) Decline, Joshua B. Smith, Jonathan A. Jenks, Troy Grovenburg, Robert W. Klaver

Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications

Estimating survival and documenting causes and timing of mortality events in neonate bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) improves understanding of population ecology and factors influencing recruitment. During 2010–2012, we captured and radiocollared 74 neonates in the Black Hills, South Dakota, of which 95% (70) died before 52 weeks of age. Pneumonia (36%) was the leading cause of mortality followed by predation (30%). We used known fate analysis in Program MARK to estimate weekly survival rates and investigate the influence of intrinsic variables on 52-week survival. Model {S1 wk, 2–8 wks, .8 wks} had the lowest AICc (Akaike’s Information Criterion corrected for …

Management Of Katahdin Hair Sheep, Elizabeth Ann Backes

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The objectives of this research were to determine the effects of different management practices on Katahdin hair sheep performance. For experiment 1, over 2 yr, 5, 0.4-ha pastures were allocated randomly to 1 of 2 grazing treatments: 1) Continuous; or 2) 4-cell rotation. Fifty yearling Katahdin ewes (53 ± 0.7 kg initial BW; 3.3 ± 0.09 initial BCS) were stratified by BW and BCS and allocated randomly to pastures in early May. Grazing d, basal cover, forage quantity or quality did not differ across treatments; however, sampling date effects were detected for forage quantity and quality. Beginning and end of …

Western Australian Farmer Survey 2011, Mandy Curnow, Andrew Van Burgel, Jackie Bucat, Anne Jones

Animal production and livestock published reports

DAFWA commissioned this WA sheep producer survey as an additional data set to the Cooperative Research Centre for Sheep Innovation (Sheep CRC) national producer survey. The data was collected by telephone survey in February and March 2011 for the purposes of gathering benchmark information on a range of sheep management practices. The data collected mostly relates to flock management during the 2010 season. The same survey will be run again in 2014 and a comparison of the information collected will be used to measure how producers have changed their practices during that time.

Producers were phoned and invited to contribute …

The Need To Address Black-Backed Jackal And Caracal Predation In South Africa, David L. Bergman, Ho De Waal, Nico L. Avenant, Michael J. Bodenchuk, Michael C. Marlow, Dale L. Nolte

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

Prior to 1990, the four provincial governments of South Africa had a variety of programs in place to manage predation by black-backed jackals and caracals through lethal and nonlethal management in close cooperation with livestock farmers. During the 1990s the official programmes were phased out due to a multitude of factors including lower predation rates. Today, thousands of livestock (primarily sheep and goats, but also cattle and wildlife) are lost each day in South Africa due to black-backed jackal and caracal predation. The actual numbers are not known because not all losses are accounted or reported. It also does not …

Benefits And Costs Of Saltland Pastures On Moderately Salt-Affected Land, Justin Hardy, Arjen Ryder

Resource management technical reports

Summary The analyses in this report show that there could be significant economic benefits to the state, regions and affected farm businesses from establishing improved saltland pasture systems on moderately salt-affected land. The report clearly describes the methods of analysis and the assumptions about prices, productivity and adoption levels. The price of grain has been used as the key factor controlling the economic value of the saltland grazing because grain is the alternative supplementary feed for sheep over the summer and autumn period. Therefore, where yield is below break-even on moderately salt-affected land, it has a higher economic value and …

Live Weight Parameters In Dorper, Damara And Australian Merino Lambs Subjected To Restricted Feeding, Tim Scanlon, Andre M. Almeida, Andrew Van Burgel, Tanya Kilminster, John Milton, Johan C. Greeff, Chris Oldham

Journal articles

Seasonal weight loss (SWL) is a serious constraint to ruminant production in tropical and Mediterranean climates. SWL is controlled using supplementation, costly and difficult to implement in extensive production systems; or alternatively, using breeds with a natural adaptation to tropical climates, namely hair and fat tailed sheep. Albeit a 15-year presence in Australia, little is known on how Dorper and Damara sheep compared to the most widely used sheep breed in Australia, the Australian Merino. In this trial, the responses of the Damara, Dorper and Merino breeds to nutritional stress were compared during a 42-day trial. Seventy-two ram lambs, 24 …

Carbon Farming In Wa, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia, Department Of Regional Development And Lands, Western Australia

Natural resources published reports

Fact sheets:

1. Applying biochar to improve soil quality and crop productivity

2. Reducing methane emissions from cattle using feed additives

3. Cattle breeding for lower greenhouse gas emissions

4. Managing genetic codes to reduce methane emissions from cattle

5. Managing pastures and stocking rate to reduce methane emissions from cattle

6. Claying as a method of increasing soil carbon content

7. Green and brown manuring as part of carbon farming

8. Permanent environmental plantings to earn carbon credits

9. Nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soils

10. Sheep genetics in methane reduction

11. Managing sheep pastures to reduce methane production …

Sheep Skin Odor Improves Trap Captures Of Mosquito Vectors Of Rift Valley Fever, David P. Tchouassi, Rosemary Sang, Catherine L. Sole, Armanda D.S. Bastos, Klaus Mithoefer, Baldwyn Torto

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

In recent years, the East African region has seen an increase in arboviral diseases transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods. Effective surveillance to monitor and reduce incidence of these infections requires the use of appropriate vector sampling tools. Here, trapped skin volatiles on fur from sheep, a known preferred host of mosquito vectors of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), were used with a standard CDC light trap to improve catches of mosquito vectors. We tested the standard CDC light trap alone (L), and baited with (a) CO2 (LC), (b) animal volatiles (LF), and (c) CO2 plus animal volatiles (LCF) in two highly …

Initial Trends In The Kentucky Buck Test Program, Robert S. Kelly

Morehead State Theses and Dissertations

A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Science and Technology at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Robert S. Kelly on April 20, 2012.

Sheep: The Simple Guide To Making More Money With Less Work - Cereal-Sheep Zone Of Australia, Bob Hall, Mark Ferguson, Mandy Curnow, Andrew Thompson

Animal production and livestock published reports

The national sheep flock is a mere 40% of the size it was at its peak in the early 1990s. Some would say that it is on the verge of losing its critical mass for survival into the future. Others would see it already as a niche market industry, especially in regards to wool.

Farmers in a recent survey gave two key reasons for either quitting sheep or reducing the flock size: “sheep do not pay” or “the work involved in sheep is unacceptable”. We believe that sheep do pay — and they don’t have to be hard work.

The …

The Arkansas Meat Goat Enterprise Budget, Jessica House, H. I. Goodwin

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Goats have long been the most populous livestock animals on the planet. They have been a staple food for many low-income countries. The United States has a growing demand for goat meat. There is an increase in ethnic cultures that desire goat meat as well as a growing interest from the general population. Goat meat is a healthy alternative compared to traditional red meats. Goats also pair well with other livestock animals due to their wide range of palatable feeds. They are commonly used in cattle operations for weed control because of their ability to consume noxious weeds. There is …

Evaluating Glycerin Supplementation On Reproductive Performance Of Sheep, J.A. Walker, G.A. Perry, R. Salverson, P. Nester, C. Schauer, J. Held, K. Olson

Animal Science Faculty Publications

This 3-year study evaluated the effect ofglycerin supplementation on ewe reproductive efficiency,blood glucose and insulin concentrations. Mature Polypayand Rambouillet ewes (n = 225) were orally dosed withglycerin following estrus synchronization at rates of 0, 50,100, 200 or 300 g/hd. In year 3 an additional 16 ewes weresupplemented (SUP) with 0.57 kg of range cake for 21 daysprior to breeding. Blood samples were collected (n = 25ewes) for 10 hours post drenching. Blood was analyzed forinsulin and glucose concentrations. Ewes were exposed torams for 35 days. Pregnancy was determined byultrasonography evaluation. Number of lambs born per eweexposed was not different (P …

Garlic As An Alternative Anthelmintic In Sheep, A. Curry, B. D. Whitaker

Virginia Journal of Science

An increase in the anthelmintic resistance of parasites in small ruminants and a push towards non-chemical farming has led researchers to search for alternative forms of anthelmintics. The efficacy of treating sheep by using natural garlic extract with respect to changes in weight, fecal egg counts (FEC), and packed cell volume (PCV) was investigated. Sheep were treated every 4 weeks for 8 weeks with saline (control) Ivermectin, or natural garlic extract and samples were collected weekly to determine FEC and PCV. Sheep were weighed at the time of sample collection to determine weight change. There were no significant differences between …

Characterization Of Biological Types Of Cattle (Cycle Viii): Carcass, Yield, And Longissimus Palatability Traits, T. L. Wheeler, L. V. Cundiff, S. D. Shackelford, M. Koohmaraie

Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center: Reports

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate alternative sources of tropically adapted cattle germplasm and compare them with Angus- (AN) and Hereford- (HE) sired steers. Carcass, yield, and longissimus thoracis palatability traits from F₁ steers (n = 621) obtained from mating AN and United States Meat Animal Research Center III cows to HE, AN, Brangus (BR), Beefmaster (BM), Bonsmara (BO), or Romosinuano (RO) sires were compared. Data were adjusted to constant age (426 d), carcass weight (340 kg), fat thickness (1.0 cm), fat trim percentage (25%), and marbling (Small⁰⁰) endpoints. For Warner- Bratzler and slice …

Sheep Updates 2009, Brown Besier, L. J. E. Karlsson, J. C. Greeff, A. C. Schlink, Mark Ferguson, Greg Lee, Sue Hatcher, Bruce Michael, Rob Woodgate, Darren Michael, Mandy Curnow, Julia Smith, John Young, Andrew Thompson, Chris Oldham

Sheep Updates

This session covers seven papers from different authors:

1. Scouring Management and Worm Control, Brown Besier, Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia

2.Breeding sheep for resistance to breech strike:- Selection results in WA, LJE Karlsson, JC Greeff & AC Schlink, Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia

3.Future Ewe - matching genetics to the production system, Mark Ferguson, Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia

4. Within-flock selection of ewes: opportunities for gains in reproduction, Greg Leeand Sue Hatcher, NSW Department of Primary Industries & Australian CRCforSheep Industry Innovation (Orange)

5. Managing Merinos …

Wool Desk Report June 2009: Flock Demographics And Producer Intentions - February 2009 National Survey Results, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia, Kimbal Curtis

Animal production and livestock published reports

This issue of Wool Desk Report presents the results of a survey of 1 410 Australian sheep producers conducted in February 2009. The survey was done to provide information to the Australian Wool Innovation’s Production Forecasting Committee and to update the flock model that is used by the relevant state forecasting committees. The survey methodology follows that reported in the May 2007 issue of Wool Desk Report (Curtis 2007).

The producers in the survey collectively produced 24.3 thousand tonnes of wool from a total of 4.3 million adult sheep and 1.7 million lambs shorn during 2007–2008. This represented a sample …

Getting Into Sheep An Introductory Guide To Sheep Management, Keith Croker, Roy Butler

Bulletins 4000 -

Sheep husbandry can be an interesting and rewarding activity but before starting to work with or buy sheep ask yourself if you are prepared to spend the time and effort to care for them.

Sheep cannot be placed in a paddock and forgotten. The sheep, along with their water, feed and fences must be inspected regularly. If you do not live on the farm, or visit it only infrequently, make sure there is a responsible person available who is willing to inspect and manage the sheep on your behalf.

Wool Desk Report February 2009: Time Of Lambing In Australian Flocks, Keith Croker, Kimbal Curtis, Jane Speijers, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Animal production and livestock published reports

Producers throughout Australia were surveyed in 2005, 2006 and 2007 to identify the times when they lambed their ewes. This study was undertaken by the Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia for Australian Wool Innovation Limited and the Australian Sheep Industry Cooperative Research Centre.

The start of lambing followed similar patterns in the years surveyed. However, lambing of Merino ewes began last in Tasmania and earliest in South Australia and Western Australia.

Data for Merino first cross ewes were collected in 2007 when Tasmania had the latest lambings and Queensland the earliest lambings.

Combined results for the three years …

Food, Fibre And Flowers, Fuelling The Economy With Innovation And Science, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Horticulture published reports

The Department of Agriculture and Food is a world leader in the rapidly growing field of agri-food and fibre research and development, providing significant benefits for Westen Australian producers, the food industry sector and consumers.

The development of value-added products through innovation and science, which deliver real opportunities for the State's agri-food export capacity, is also important.

Seven examples of the Department's science and innovation.

Letter From The Dean, Lalit Verma

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Sheep Updates 2008 - Contents, Department Of Food And Agriculture, Western Australia

Sheep Updates

No abstract provided.