Animal Sciences Commons^™

Resistance And Resilience Of Virgin Islands Bird Populations Following Severe Hurricanes, Robert A. Askins, David N. Ewert

Biology Faculty Publications

We analyzed changes in abundance of terrestrial birds on St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands, for a 32 year period during which 3 major hurricanes occurred. Using 1987 as a baseline year, because it followed a 27 year hiatus when no major hurricanes hit the island, we assessed the impact of hurricanes on vegetation structure and bird populations. Bird abundance was determined for 25 m radius circular plots that were surveyed each year of the study along the same transects. Percent cover of trees, shrubs, and herbs was measured in each plot in 1987, 1990, and 2019. All of the survey …

Catfish Population Characteristics Among River Segments With Altered Fluvial Geomorphic Conditions In The Missouri River, Nebraska, Usa, Martin J. Hamel, Jonathan J. Spurgeon, Mark A. Pegg

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Alteration of river systems around the world has created novel environments that have been fragmented, homogenized, or transformed from their natural state, thus posing challenges for understanding how fish populations function. The Missouri River has undergone significant alteration through reservoir construction and channelization. Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus and Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris both reside in various fragmented sections of the river, and there is a substantial gap in knowledge of how catfishes synchronously function in this modified system. From 2009 to 2018, we assessed catfishes with baited hoop nets and low-frequency electrofishing among four different areas: upper and lower unchannelized …

Size Scaling In The Skull Of North American Felids As Adaptations For Prey Acquisition, Ashley Destin, Judd A. Case

2020 McNair Scholar Collection

This comparative study explores the relationship between skull morphology and general body size among felids (house cat, lynx, puma), mustelids (minks, weasels, badgers), and canids (foxes, coyotes, wolves); with a focus on North American felids, as it relates to prey acquisition. Previous studies have focused on the evolution of the carnivore skull shape, which include the species examined in this study. Using measurement methods laid out by Radinsky (1981a; 1984), the size of skull components are compared to overall body size to determine the rate of scaling of skull features with body size.

Statistical evaluations of skull measurements within and …

Impact Of Overwintering Cormorants (Phalacrocorax Carbo) On Springtail(Hexapoda: Collembola) Communities Of The Azov And Black Sea Coastal Forests, Ruslan A. Saifutdinov, Daniil I. Korobushkin

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Nesting water bird colonies may act as important drivers of aquatic-terrestrial nutrient turnover in coastal ecosystems. By depositing a large amount of guano, they induce changes in the structure of soils, flora, and fauna. However, little is known about how nesting water bird colonies influence soil fauna, especially in a Mediterranean type of coastal landscape. In this study, focus was placed on how time had elapsed since the last overwintering activity of cormorant colonies, as a factor that affects the structure of springtail communities and edaphic parameters in the Black and Azov Sea coastal forest ecosystems. Black Sea coastal forests …

Occurrence Of Microplastics In The Gastrointestinal Tracts Of Some Edible Fish Speciesalong The Turkish Coast, Sedat Gündoğdu, Cem Çevi̇k, Ni̇han Temi̇z Ataş

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Plastics have become an inseparable part of modern life as a consequence of their versatility, low cost, durability, and lightweight. In this study, the presence of microplastics (MPs) in the stomachs and digestive tracts of 243 individuals of leaping mullet (Chelon saliens (Risso, 1810)), red mullet (Mullus barbatus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758), surmullet (Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758), Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868)), and sand steenbras (Lithognathus mormyrus (Linnaeus, 1758)), collected along the Marmara, Aegean, and Mediterranean coasts of Turkey was examined microscopically and through μ-Raman analysis. A total of 283 MP particles were extracted. Among the examined species, the …

Comparing Landscape Suitability And Permeability With And Without Migration Data: Theinfluence Of Species Movement Behavior, Azita Rezvani, Shima Malakoutikhah, Sima Fakheran, Alireza Soffianian, Mahmoud-Reza Hemami, Josef Senn

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Maintaining landscape connectivity through identifying movement corridors is the most recommended conservation strategy to reduce the negative impacts of habitat loss and isolation. The basis of most connectivity modelling approaches for modelling corridors is that species choose movement pathways based on the same criteria they used to choose habitats. However, species behave differently in using landscape elements for moving than for selecting habitat. In other words, suitability of a given landscape feature may differ between moving and habitat use stages. In this study, we evaluated how the availability of migration occurrence points for wild sheep (Ovis orientalis) could affect the …

Preliminary Contributions Toward A Revision Of The Ant Genus Temnothorax Mayr(Hymenoptera: Formicidae) From Pakistan, Muhammad Tariq Rasheed, Imran Bodlah, Yusupov Zalimkhan Magomedovich, Ammara Gull E Fareen, Muhammad Adnan Bodlah, Matthew Prebus, Aijaz Ahmad Wachkoo

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Temnothorax pakistanensis sp. n., a new ant species from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa from the Himalayan range of Pakistan is described based on the worker caste and queen. An identification key and distribution map of the known Pakistani Temnothorax is presented. Summaries of the taxonomic history and biology of the three Temnothorax species of Pakistan is included.

Three New Species Of The Clubiona Corticalis-Group From Southern China(Araneae: Clubionidae), Jianshuang Zhang, Hao Yu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The present paper reveals three new sac spider species. All of them are distributed in southern China and can be placed in the Clubiona corticalis-group: Clubiona caohai sp. nov. from Guizhou, Clubiona dakong sp. nov. from Tibet and Clubiona yanzhii sp. nov. from Hunan. Diagnosis, detailed descriptions, illustrations and distribution map of these three species are provided.

A Procedure For Taxon Assessment Based On Morphological Variation In European Water Frogs (Pelophylax Esculentus Complex), Katarina Breka, Imre Krizmanic, Tanja Vukov, Srdjan Stamenkovic

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Methods for morphological identification of water frogs from the Pelophylax esculentus complex have changed over the decades. Still, without resort to genetic analyses, water frogs remain among the most difficult European amphibians to distinguish due to their hybrid nature. The aim of this study was to identify a reliable set of quantitative and qualitative morphological characters that objectively resolve species? identification in the Pelophylax esculentus complex and provide a rapid and robust procedure for taxon identification. Our results showed a substantial difference in morphological characteristics among taxa. The shape and size of the metatarsal tubercle along with the coloration of …

Length-Weight Relationships And Condition Factor Of Five Endemic Fish Species Fromnandu And Wanquan Rivers In Hainan Island, China, Zhice Liang, Xingwei Cai

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Length-weight relationships (LWRs), length-length relationships (LLRs), and condition factor were estimated for Puntius semifasciolatus (Günther, 1868), Acrossocheilus iridescens (Nichols and Pope, 1927), Plesiomyzon baotingensis (Zheng and Chen, 1980), Hemibagrus hainanensis (Tchang, 1935) and Glyptothorax hainanensis (Nichols and Pope, 1927) obtained from Nandu and Wanquan Rivers in Hainan Island during June 2017 to April 2019. Fish samples were collected by a combination of methods including multinet gillnets (20 m in length, 1.5 m in height, there monofilament panels of mesh sizes: 1.0, 6.0, 12.5 cm), benthic large bag nets (5 meters long, stretching mesh size: 0.5 cm). The LWRs and LLRs …

Mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Fauna Of The Velyka Dobron' Game Reserve (West Ukraine) With New Distribution Data And Medical Risk Assessment, Kálmán Szanyi, Antal Nagy, Attila Molnár, László József Szabó, Szabolcs Szanyi

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The distribution of mosquito species in the Transcarpathian part of Ukraine is poorly studied. Here we present the results of a four-year survey carried out in the Velyka Dobron' Game Reserve, and provide the actualized checklist of the Transcarpathian Culicidae fauna containing 32 species. Four of the sampled species have not been formerly known in Transcarpathia: Anopheles hyrcanus, Ochlerotatus cataphylla, Ochlerotatus nigrinus, Uranotaenia unguiculata. Based on quantitative composition of studied assemblage, vector potential of species and distribution of transmitted pathogens we evaluate the medical and veterinary risk caused by mosquitoes in Transcarpathian region.

A Faunistic Overview Of Temelucha Förster (Hym., Ichneumonidae, Cremastinae) In Iran, Maryam Zardouei Heydari, Ehsan Rakhshani, Azizollah Mokhtari, Martin Schwarz

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Species of the genus Temelucha Förster, 1869 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cremastinae) in Iran are taxonomically overviewed. Sampling was done using Malaise traps and sweeping nets in natural grasslands, forests, orchards and field crops during 2013-2017. Fifteen species are recorded and reviewed, among them 5 species Temelucha albipennis (Zetterstedt, 1838), T. flavia Vas, 2016, T.ophthalmica (Holmgren, 1860), T. pseudocaudata Kolarov, 1982, and T. variipes (Szépligeti, 1899) are new records for the fauna of Iran. T. convergence Zardouei & Rakhshani sp. nov. is described and illustrated. A key to the known species is generated. For all species, brief illustrated diagnoses are also provided.

A New Epigean Pseudoscorpion Species (Pseudoscorpiones: Neobisiidae) From Northeast Of Iran, With An Identification Key To The Species Of The Family Neobisiidae From Iran, Zahra Latifi, Mahrad Nassirkhani, Omid Mirshamsi

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A new epigean species? Roncus khorasanicus sp.n.-is described on the basis of the description of the adult stage (males) found in north-eastern Iran. A detailed description of the selected morphological characters and accurate illustrations of several diagnostic characters of the new species are provided. Moreover, an identification key to the species of the family Neobisiidae from Iran is presented.

Transmission Of Microsporidium Sp. Between Different Generations Of Crepidopdera Aurata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Mustafa Yaman

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Microsporidia are mostly very small, intracellular, spore-forming pathogens classified as Protista and reported in every major group of animals. Insects are one of the most widely distributed hosts for microsporidia. Many entomopathogenic microsporidia cause chronic infections in insects and their effects appear as reduced fertility and pupal weight, reduced fecundity and shortened longevity. Crepidopdera aurata (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae) is one of the most destructive pests in poplar nurseries. The host-parasite relation in microsporidium infections is of great importance to understand the possibilities to use microsporidia in the host?s biological control. In the present study, the transmission of the microsporidian pathogen Microsporidium …

Rotifera Of Various Aquatic Environments Of Costa Rica In Reference To Central American Rotifer Fauna, Natalia Kuczynska-Kippen, Jolanta Ejsmont-Karabin

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Detailed surveys on rarely examined aquatic ecosystems often lead to the discovery of new species of high conservation value. This study directed towards the recognition of a variety of aquatic environments in Costa Rica (40 habitats, including lakes, wetlands, and small aquatic systems, e.g., ponds, ditches, puddles, tree holes, and bromeliads) established the presence of 105 species of Monogononta representing 33 genera. In total, 91 species and 19 genera were found to be new for Costa Rica, including 29 species recorded for the first time in Central America (e.g., Ascomorpha klementi, Beauchampia crucigera, Brachionus mirabilis, Cephalodella panarista, Filinia saltator, Horaella …

Dna Damage, Oxidative Stress, Decreased Viability And Motility In Common Carp (Cyprinuscarpio L.) Spermatozoa Induced By Tryptophan, Phenylalanine And Cysteine Amino Acids During Short-Term Storage, Mahi̇r Kanyilmaz, Burak Evren İnanan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Free amino acids are found in spermatozoa and seminal plasma. Their qualitative and quantitative presence have been affected by many factors. Under in vitro storage conditions, their effects on spermatozoa in animal species and also human have been concerned over the last decades. In this study, the effects of tryptophan, phenylalanine and cysteine on DNA integrity, lipid peroxidation, viability and motility parameters in spermatozoa of the common carp (Cyprinuscarpio) were assessed during short-term storage. Spermatozoa were incubated at 1, 5, 25, and 50 mM of these amino acids in vitro at 4 °C in a time?dependent manner (6, 24, and …

Effect Of Mound Size On Intranest Thermoregulation In The Red Wood Ants Formicarufa And F. Polyctena (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), Stanislav Stukalyuk, Yuri Radchenko, Maksym Netsvetov, Alexey Gilev

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Red wood ants are capable of active thermoregulation in the nest, which allows them to achieve a high number of workers and a dominant position in biocenoses. We investigated the features of the spring warm-up and the ability for active thermoregulation of the mounds of the ants Formica polyctena and F. rufa in the vicinity of Kyiv, Ukraine. We have proposed a model of thermoregulation of the mound, which takes into account the heat flow from the sun, heat exchange with air and soil, and endogenous heat generated by the antcolony. The calculation of the model for specific values showed …

The Effect Of Grazing By Geese, Goats, And Fallow Deer On Soil Mites (Acari), Sylwiusz Pacek, Anna Seniczak, Radomir Graczyk, Boguslaw Chachaj, Barbara Waldon-Rudzionek

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The study investigated the effects of grazing by geese, goats, and fallow deer on soil mites. It included a total of 360 samples collected in the spring, summer, and autumn of 2016 and 2017 in north-central Poland. Study plots were situated in three pastures grazed by geese, goats, and fallow deer, and three meadows near the pastures served as controls. All study plots were fenced. In total 22,561 mites (Acari) were obtained, including 15,641 Oribatida (69.3%), 4926 Mesostigmata (21.8%), and 1994 other mites (8.9%). Only the abundance of Oribatida (therefore, also total Acari) differed significantly in pastures grazed by different …

Investigation Of Protective Effects Of Lithium Borate On Spermatogenesis And Testes Histopathology Against Cadmium-Induced Acute Toxicity In Rats, Serkan Yildirim, Fati̇h Çağlar Çeli̇kezen, Saadet Belhan, Gökhan Oto, Gi̇zem Eser, Emi̇n Şengül, Dursunali̇ Çinar

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, protective effects of lithium borate (LTB) on spermatogenesis as well as histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of testes in experimentally induced acute Cadmium (Cd) toxicity in rats were determined. Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats, were used, weighing 200-220 g. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control, Cd, LTB, and LTB + Cd. Rats were anesthetized with ketamine at the end of the sixth day, blood was taken from their hearts, and the rats were decapitated. Typically, the control and LTB groups exhibited similar values. Compared with those observed for the control group, the sperm morphology (i.e. abnormal …

Evaluation Of Nickel-Induced Brain Injuries In Rats Via Oxidative Stress And Apoptosis:Attenuating Effects Of Hyperoside, Gülşah Yildiz Deni̇z, Serdar Altun

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The purpose of this study was to examine whether the administration of nickel (Ni) was associated with cell apoptosis and also to evaluate whether post acute oral exposure to hyperoside would cause histopathologic alterations in rats. Four groups of male Sprague- Dawley rats (n = 7) used in this study were as follows: a control group and groups treated with Ni (as NiCI$_{2}$, 13 mg/kg), hyperoside (Hyp) (50 mg/kg), and Ni + Hyp. Routine histopathological examination methods such as hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), and Congo red staining for amyloid deposits were applied at the end of the …

The Employment Of A Conformal Polydopamine Thin Layer Reduces The Cytotoxicity Ofsilver Nanoparticles, Asli Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with their unique properties represent great promise in biological applications. However, the high toxicity of AgNPs still remains a major bottleneck and hinders their basic usage. In the present study, to improve the cytotoxicity of AgNPs, a thin layer of polydopamine (PDOP) was proposed as shell material. For this, the as-prepared citrate-stabilized AgNPs were dispersed in dopamine solution under alkaline conditions. The thickness of the PDOP layer could be manipulated simply by tuning the polymerization time. It was indicated that all NP systems (PDOP, AgNP, and AgNP@PDOP) were efficiently synthesized in the desired size and morphology. Cytotoxicity …

Investigations Of The Nervous System Biomarkers In The Brain And Muscle Of Freshwater Fish (Oreochromis Niloticus) Following Accumulation Of Nanoparticles In The Tissues, Esi̇n Gülnaz Canli, Mustafa Canli

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The use of nanoparticles (NPs) has increased in recent years and consequently they are being released into the environment. The final destination of most NPs is the aquatic environment due to washing up by rain waters. Fish (n = 120) were exposed to different concentrations (0, 1, 5, and 25 mg/L) of aluminum-oxide (Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$), copper-oxide (CuO), and titanium-dioxide (TiO$_{2}$) NPs for 14 days and 14 days of depuration period (no NP in water). Following NP exposures, activities of Na,K-ATPase, Mg-ATPase, Ca-ATPase, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the brain and muscle were measured. AChE activity in the brain and muscle decreased significantly …

The Effects Of Feeding Obese Rats With Bee Bread On Leptin And Ghrelin Expression, Züleyha Doğanyi̇ği̇t, Bi̇rkan Yakan, Meltem Soylu, Emi̇n Kaymak, Si̇bel Si̇li̇ci̇

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Obesity is an important public health problem and a risk factor for many chronic diseases, and its prevalence is increasing rapidly. In recent years there has been interest in the impact of nutrients on obesity and this has been addressed as a research topic. Bee bread is a bee product that has recently attracted attention with its macro- and micronutrients and the enzymes and biocomponents it contains. Although there are many studies on the biological properties and effects of bee bread, its effect on obesity with leptin and ghrelin has not been investigated. In this study, 40 Sprague-Dawley adult female …

Nonpharmacological Treatment Options For Alzheimer's Disease: From Animal Testing Toclinical Studies, Hasan Türkez, Mehmet Enes Arslan, Antonio Di Stefano, Ivana Cacciatore, Adi̇l Mardi̇noğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Despite extensive pharmacological approaches, there is no curative therapy for Alzheimer?s disease (AD) or other types of dementias. While current pharmacological options alleviate some symptoms of AD, they can lead to various adverse effects. Hence, nonpharmacological treatment options for AD are often considered with the assumption that they are safe, effective, and economic in managing patients. Furthermore, studies on animal models have suggested that environmental exposures like diet, music, or rewardrelated actions can stimulate neuronal regeneration and differentiation without using any pharmacological factors. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of nonpharmacological treatment options for the management …

Dna Barcoding Of Black Cherry Aphid Myzus Cerasi (Fabricus, 1775)(Hemiptera: Aphididae) Populations Collected From Prunus Avium And Prunus Cerasus, Burcu İnal, İrfan Kandemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene of one Greek and 25 Turkish Myzus cerasi (Fabricus) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations collected from Prunus avium and Prunus cerasus were analyzed. The partial coding region of COI studied is 605 bp for all the populations, from which 565 nucleotides were conserved, 40 were variable, 37 were singleton, and 3 were parsimony-informative. Four haplotypes were identified based on nucleotide substitutions and the mean of intraspecific divergence was calculated to be 0.3%. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using maximum likelihood, neighbor joining, and minimum evolution. Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Myzus borealis Ossiannilson were included …

Description Of Three New Species Of Geostiba Thomson, 1858(Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae) From Central Western Anatolia, Semi̇h Örgel, Si̇nan Anlaş

Turkish Journal of Zoology

As result of faunistic studies from Afyonkarahisar province in central western Anatolia, three new species of the subgenus Tropogastrosipalia Scheerpeltz belonging to the genus Geostiba Thomson are described and illustrated: Geostiba ahirensis sp. nov. (Ahır Dağları), G. sandiklica sp. nov. (Sandıklı Dağı), and G. karakusensis sp. nov. (Karakuş Dağları). A key is presented for distinguishing the new species from related congeners and a map shows the distributions of seven species.

Fish Larvae Assemblages Of Gökçeada Island, North Aegean Sea: Effect Of Weekly Samplinginterval On Their Incidences, İsmai̇l Burak Daban, Ali̇ İşmen

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The species composition and temporal variations of fish larvae in shallow waters (

Age And Growth In Two Populations Of Danford?S Lizard, Anatololacerta Danfordi(Günther, 1876), From The Eastern Mediterranean, Nuretti̇n Beşer, Çeti̇n Ilgaz, Yusuf Kumlutaş, Kami̇l Candan, Özgür Güçlü, Nazan Üzüm

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The age and growth in two breeding populations of A. danfordi, inhabiting altitudes ranging from 678 m a.s.l. to 1200 m a.s.l. in Turkey, were investigated. The age differences between sexes were not statistically significant in either population. The mean age was calculated as 8.73 ± 2.12 and 8.33 ± 1.8 years in Kozan and 7.25 ± 1.58 and 5.78 ± 1.64 years in Saimbeyli for males and females, respectively. The age distributions of males did not statistically differ between populations, but females in Kozan were significantly older than those in Saimbeyli. The mean snout-vent length (SVL) difference between sexes …

Camera Trapping Of Medium And Large-Sized Mammals In Western Black Sea Deciduousforests In Turkey, Mühsi̇n Çoğal, Mustafa Sözen

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Camera trapping is one of the most effective methods for mammal inventories in most habitats and conditions. This study is based on the mammal records of a camera trap study in Northwest Anatolia. The study area was about 3500 km2, and the study was carried out between May 2014 and May 2015. A total of 62 sites were surveyed, resulting in 3653 records of 16 mammal species (Sciurus anomalus, Erinaceus concolor, Felis silvestris, Canis lupus, Canis aureus, Vulpes vulpes, Ursus arctos, Meles meles, Martes foina, Martes martes, Mustela nivalis, Lutra lutra, Sus scrofa, Capreolus capreolus, Lepus europaeus, Cervus elaphus) in …

Mir-331 Negatively Regulates Thyroglobulin Secretion Via Erp29, Kyungmin Moon, Eun Ryeong Lee, Junghae Kim, Kisang Kwon, Oyu Kwon

Turkish Journal of Zoology

We investigated the effect of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein 29 (ERp29) on thyroglobulin (Tg) secretion and its negative regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs). ERp29 overexpression promoted Tg secretion from thyrocytes of PCCL3 cells via activation of ER stress sensors, including activation of transcription factor 6 fragmentation, XBP1 mRNA splicing by inositol-requiring enzyme 1, and phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha as downstream actions of RNA-dependent protein kinase-like ER kinase. Thyroid hormone receptor beta is a target gene of mir-331, one of the most abundant miRNAs observed in ERp29-overexpressing cells. mir-331 negatively regulated Tg expression and secretion by ~70% compared with …