Animal Sciences Commons^™

Cal Poly's Western Bonanza Junior Livestock Show Hosts First Annual Livestock Auction: The Best In The West Livestock Auction, Karl W. Montague, Tatum E. Holdener

Agricultural Education and Communication

Through this senior project, the authors researched whether or not Cal Poly's Western Bonanza Junior Livestock Show's first ever livestock auction was viable. Through their research, they found the addition of a livestock show to be successful and something that should continue.

Winter Site Fidelity Of Orange-Crowned Warblers (Oreothlypis Celata) In The Lower Rio Grande Valley Of Texas, Mark H. Conway, Timothy Brush

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

Abstract—We documented between-winter site fidelity of orange-crowned warblers (Oreothlypis celata) in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas, between 2004 and 2017. Overall, we recaptured 13.9% of the 201 banded birds in ‡1 subsequent winter season: 20.8% of the 101 birds banded in urban natural areas, and 7.0% of the 100 banded in rural areas. We recaptured 8 birds ‡3 winters after their initial capture, indicating extended winter site fidelity.

Resumen—Documentamos la fidelidad al sitio invernal de los chipes olivaceos (Oreothlypis celata) en el Valle del R´ıo Grande Baja de Texas entre 2004 y 2017. En general, se …

Sheep Genome Functional Annotation Reveals Proximal Regulatory Elements Contributed To The Evolution Of Modern Breeds, Marina Naval-Sanchez, Quan Nguyen, Sean Mcwilliam, Laercio R. Porto-Neto, Ross Tellam, Tony Vuocolo, Antonio Reverter, Miguel Perez-Enciso, Rudiger Brauning, Shannon Clarke, Alan Mcculloch, Wahid Zamani, Saeid Naderi, Hamid Reza Rezaei, Francois Pompanon, Pierre Taberlet, Kim C. Worley, Richard A. Gibbs, Donna M. Muzny, Shalini N. Jhangiani, Noelle E. Cockett, Hans Daetwyler, James Kijas

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Domestication fundamentally reshaped animal morphology, physiology and behaviour, offering the opportunity to investigate the molecular processes driving evolutionary change. Here we assess sheep domestication and artificial selection by comparing genome sequence from 43 modern breeds (Ovis aries) and their Asian mouflon ancestor (O. orientalis) to identify selection sweeps. Next, we provide a comparative functional annotation of the sheep genome, validated using experimental ChIP-Seq of sheep tissue. Using these annotations, we evaluate the impact of selection and domestication on regulatory sequences and find that sweeps are significantly enriched for protein coding genes, proximal regulatory elements of genes …

Zika Virus-Induced Acute Myelitis And Motor Deficits In Adult Interferon Αβ/Γ Receptor Knockout Mice, Katherine Zukor, Hong Wang, Venkatraman Siddharthan, Justin G. Julander, John D. Morrey

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Zika virus (ZIKV) has received widespread attention because of its effect on the developing fetus. It is becoming apparent, however, that severe neurological sequelae, such as Guillian-Barrë syndrome (GBS), myelitis, encephalitis, and seizures can occur after infection of adults. This study demonstrates that a contemporary strain of ZIKV can widely infect astrocytes and neurons in the brain and spinal cord of adult, interferon α/β receptor knockout mice (AG129 strain) and cause progressive hindlimb paralysis, as well as severe seizure-like activity during the acute phase of disease. The severity of hindlimb motor deficits correlated with increased numbers of ZIKV-infected lumbosacral spinal …

Insect (Arthropoda: Insecta) Composition In The Diet Of Ornate Box Turtles (Terrapene Ornata Ornata) In Two Western Illinois Sand Prairies, With A New State Record For Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Reese J. Worthington, E. R. Sievers, D. B. Ligon, P. K. Lago

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A study of fecal samples collected over a two-year period from juvenile ornate box turtles (Terrapene ornata ornata Agassiz) revealed diets consisting of six orders of insects representing 19 families. Turtles were reared in captivity from eggs harvested from local, wild populations, and released at two remnant prairies. Identifiable insect fragments were found in 94% of samples in 2013 (n=33) and 96% in 2014 (n=25). Frequency of occurrence of insects in turtle feces is similar to results reported in previous studies of midwestern Terrapene species. A comparison of insect composition presented no significant difference between release sites. There is …

Scorpions Of Sri Lanka (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part Ii. Family Hormuridae, František Kovařík, Kithsiri B. Ranawana, V. A. Sanjeewa Jayarathne, Sanjaya Karunarathna, Alexander Ullrich

Euscorpius

Liocheles australasiae (Fabricius, 1775) is reported for the first time from Sri Lanka. Sri Lankan population is fully complemented with color photos of live and preserved females, as well as its habitat.

The Premammillary Nucleus Of The Hypothalamus Is Not Necessary For Photoperiodic Timekeeping In Female Turkeys (Meleagris Gallopavo), Ashli F. Moore, Vincent M. Cassone, Kevin D. Alloway, Paul A. Bartell

Biology Faculty Publications

In birds, seasonal reproduction is regulated by day length, with long days in the spring activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and reproductive behaviors. The photoreceptors mediating this process remain unknown, but recently, the premammillary nucleus (PMM) of the hypothalamus has been implicated as the site of photoperiodic signaling in turkeys. We performed electrolytic lesions of the PMM to elucidate its role in the photoactivation and maintenance of egg production in female turkeys. Our results show that ablation of the PMM does not alter the normal lay cycle. No differences were found between lesioned birds and sham controls in the latency to …

Reducing Dietary Protein In Pond Production Of Hybrid Striped Bass (Morone Chrysops × M. Saxatilis): Effects On Fish Performance And Water Quality Dynamics, Steven Rawles, Bartholomew Green, Matthew Mcentire, T. Gibson Gaylord, Frederic T. Barrows

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

In previous work, we demonstrated that diets containing 40% digestible protein (DP) (45% crude protein) and 18% lipid supplemented with Met and Lys resulted in superior performance and nutrient retentions in hybrid striped bass (HSB) compared to less energy-dense diets when rearing HSB at temperatures similar to the summer growing period of the Southern U.S. The current work was aimed at vetting previous results in pond production of market-size HSB at commercial stocking densities to assess impacts on fish production indices and water quality parameters. Diets were formulated to contain digestible protein levels ranging from 41% to 35% DP and …

Stop 'Bycatch' So Whales Can Catch Your Heart, Meredith Bennett

D.U.Quark

No abstract provided.

Two New Tityus C. L. Koch, 1836 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) From Hispaniola, Greater Antilles, Rolando Teruel, Gabriel De Los Santos

Euscorpius

Two new species of Buthidae scorpions of the genus Tityus C. L. Koch, 1836 are herein described from the Greater Antillean island of Hispaniola. One of them belongs to the "crassimanus" species-group and is known from an adult pair collected at Massif de la Hotte, in southwestern Haiti. The other belongs to the "quisqueyanus" species-group and is known from a single adult female from a high peak in the Central Range (= Cordillera Central), in northwestern Dominican Republic. Moreover, two fossil taxa from this island are retained as junior synonyms of Tityus geratus Santiago-Blay, 1988†.

Interspecies Political Agency In The Total Liberation Movement, Michael P. Allen, Erica Von Essen

Between the Species

In this paper, we examine the possibility of interspecies political agency at the level of social movements. We ask to what extent animals and humans can be co-participants in one another’s liberation from oppression. To do so, we assess arguments for and against including animals in the ‘total liberation package’, taken as the liberation from oppressive societal structures. These are not pragmatic-political arguments, but conceptual-philosophical arguments that have been put before animal liberationists attempting to ‘piggy-back’ on human liberation movements. In discrediting these philosophical arguments, we argue that animals have capacities for self-liberation that humans can facilitate and that animals, …

Chlorophyll Concentration Derived From Microwave Remote Sensing Measurements Using Artificial Neural Network Algorithm, Young-Heon Jo, Dae-Won Kim, Hyuna Kim

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Ocean color optic remote sensing has been used to estimate various biogeochemical constituents to monitor ocean environmental changes in coastal regions and global open oceans. However, the most problematic issue in utilizing ocean color measurements is cloud coverage. Thus, this study introduces a neural network (NN) algorithm to derive Chlorophyll a (Chl) concentrations, which are unavailable due to the presence of clouds. Because ocean color remote sensing depends on cloud coverage, microwave measurements, including sea-surface temperature, cloud, water vapor, precipitation, and winds, were used as inputs for the NN algorithm. Accordingly, the NN algorithm was designed to predict Chl using …

California Rushes In—Keeping Water Instream For Fisheries Without Federal Law, Paul Stanton Kibel

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

No abstract provided.

Social Network And Dominance Hierarchy Analyses At Chimpanzee Sanctuary Northwest, Jake A. Funkhouser, Jessica A. Mayhew, John B. Mulcahy

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Different aspects of sociality bear considerable weight on the individual- and group-level welfare of captive nonhuman primates. Social Network Analysis (SNA) is a useful tool for gaining a holistic understanding of the dynamic social relationships of captive primate groups. Gaining a greater understanding of captive chimpanzees through investigations of centrality, preferred and avoided relationships, dominance hierarchy, and social network diagrams can be useful in advising current management practices in sanctuaries and other captive settings. In this study, we investigated the dyadic social relationships, group-level social networks, and dominance hierarchy of seven chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) at Chimpanzee Sanctuary Northwest. …

Scorpions Of The Horn Of Africa (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part Xiv. Hottentotta Somalicus Sp. N. (Buthidae) From Somalia, František Kovařík

Euscorpius

Hottentotta somalicus sp. n. from Somalia is described and fully complemented with color photos. Morphologically it is similar to H. polystictus (Pocock, 1896). These two species have very narrow metasomal segments (1.63–1.73 in both sexes versus 1.31–1.61 in both sexes of other Hottentotta species from the Horn of Africa). H. polystictus and H. somalicus sp. n. occur in separate areas (Somaliland versus Somalia) and can be differentiated by color.

Orthotopic Ovarian Transplantation Procedures To Investigate The Life- And Health-Span Influence Of Ovarian Senescence In Female Mice, Jeffrey B. Mason, Kate C. Parkinson, Tracy L. Habermehl

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Ovarian transplantation was first conducted at Utah State University in 1963. In more recent work, heterochronic transplantation of mammalian ovaries is being used to investigate the health-protective effects of young ovaries in young females. The current procedures employ an orthotopic transplantation method, where allogenic ovaries are transplanted back to their original position in the ovarian bursa. This is in contrast to the more commonly used heterotopic transplantation of ovaries/ovarian tissue subcutaneously or under the kidney capsule. All three locations provide efficient revascularization of the transplanted tissues. However, orthotopic transplantation provides the ovary with the most natural signaling environment and is …

Advancing Behavioural Genomics By Considering Timescale, Clare C. Rittschof, Kimberly A. Hughes

Entomology Faculty Publications

Animal behavioural traits often covary with gene expression, pointing towards a genomic constraint on organismal responses to environmental cues. This pattern highlights a gap in our understanding of the time course of environmentally responsive gene expression, and moreover, how these dynamics are regulated. Advances in behavioural genomics explore how gene expression dynamics are correlated with behavioural traits that range from stable to highly labile. We consider the idea that certain genomic regulatory mechanisms may predict the timescale of an environmental effect on behaviour. This temporally minded approach could inform both organismal and evolutionary questions ranging from the remediation of early …

What's Required To Process Seafood - A Briefing Of Requirements, Cindy Borgwordt

Title III Professional Development Reports

What’s Required to Process Seafood – a Briefing of Requirements presented by Cindy Borgwordt, LU Fish Health Specialist, at the 2018 North Central Regional Aquaculture and Missouri Aquaculture Association meeting at Kansas City, Missouri

Cognitive Dysfunction In Naturally Occurring Canine Idiopathic Epilepsy, Rowena M.A. Packer, Paul D. Mcgreevy, Hannah Salvin, Michael Valenzuela, Chloe M. Chaplin, Holger A. Volk

Neurology Collection

Globally, epilepsy is a common serious brain disorder. In addition to seizure activity, epilepsy is associated with cognitive impairments including static cognitive impairments present at onset, progressive seizure-induced impairments and co-morbid dementia. Epilepsy occurs naturally in domestic dogs but its impact on canine cognition has yet to be studied, despite canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) recognised as a spontaneous model of dementia. Here we use data from a psychometrically validated tool, the canine cognitive dysfunction rating (CCDR) scale, to compare cognitive dysfunction in dogs diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy (IE) with controls while accounting for age. An online cross-sectional study resulted in …

Revision Of The Mesobuthus Caucasicus Complex From Central Asia, With Descriptions Of Six New Species (Scorpiones: Buthidae), Victor Fet, František Kovařík, Benjamin Gantenbein, Ronald C. Kaiser, Alexander K. Stewart, Matthew R. Graham

Euscorpius

A widespread Mesobuthus caucasicus complex, which includes some of the most common scorpions found from the Caucasus to China, is revised for the first time based on new extensive collections from Central Asia, using both morphological and DNA marker data. Mesobuthus caucasicus (Nordmann, 1840), s.str. is restricted to the Caucasus Mts. Four taxa are elevated to species rank: M. fuscus (Birula, 1897) (Tajikistan), M. intermedius (Birula, 1897) (Tajikistan), M. kaznakovi (Birula, 1904) (Tajikistan, Uzbekistan), and M. parthorum (Pocock, 1889) (Afghanistan, Iran, Turkmenistan). Six new species are described: M. brutus sp. n. (Iran), M. elenae sp. n. (Tajikistan, Uzbekistan), M. gorelovi …

Biology Of Bees And Pollination Ecology Ent 388, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Food Systems, Sustainability And Health Afs 404, Michael Cerbo

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Summary Of The Stock Structure Information Used For Determining Spatial Management Of The Index Species For The Scalefish Resources Of Northern Western Australia, Daniel J. Gaughan, Stephen J. Newman, Corey B. Wakefield

WA Marine Stewardship Council report series

This paper was specifically developed in response to issues raised in an assessment of the Pilbara Trap Managed Fishery (PTMF) against the fishery sustainability standard of the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC).

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 94, No. 1), Kentucky Library Research Collections

The Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Improving Confidence In The Management Of The Blue Swimmer Crab (Portunus Armatus) In Shark Bay Part Ii: Socio-Economic Significance Of Commercial Blue Swimmer Crabs In Shark Bay. Frdc Project No. 2012/15, R Daley, I Van Putten

Fisheries Research Reports

The Shark Bay crab fishery is faced with substantial changes. The fishery reopened in late 2013 after a 18 month closure due to a significant stock decline from adverse environmental conditions. The stock is now recovering and The Department of Fisheries Western Australia (DFWA) has implemented substantial management changes including the introduction of catch quotas to limit the catches of individual fishing businesses and a Total Allowable Commercial Catch (TACC) for the fishery. Fishers are challenged with adapting to the changes in management and inter-annual variability in crab catch volume linked to environmental conditions.

Improving Confidence In The Management Of The Blue Swimmer Crab (Portunus Armatus) In Shark Bay. Part I : Rebuilding Of The Shark Bay Crab Fishery. Frdc Project No. 2012/15, Arani Chandrapavan, Mervi Kangas, Danielle Johnston, Nicolavito Caputi, Alexander Hesp, Ainslie Maree Denham, Errol Sporer

Fisheries Research Reports

This, and the accompanying Part II report, summarise the results of the research activities undertaken on the blue swimmer crab stock in Shark Bay by the Department of Fisheries, Western Australia, which were done in collaboration with commercial fishers, fishery managers and economic analysts between 2012 and 2016.

Improving Confidence In The Management Of The Blue Swimmer Crab (Portunus Armatus) In Shark Bay Part Iii: Proceedings Of The Third National Workshop On Blue Swimmer Crab Portunus Armatus Western Australian Fisheries And Marine Research Laboratories, Hillarys, Perth, 3 – 4 June 2015. Frdc Project No. 2012/15, Arani Chandrapavan

Fisheries Research Reports

The ‘Third National Workshop on Blue Swimmer Crab’ was organised and held at Department of Fisheries (Western Australia) in Hillarys (3-4 June, 2015), almost 15 years after the second workshop in 1997. The workshop brought together fisheries scientists, managers, university researchers, consultants, industry stakeholders and fishers from across Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania and Western Australia and addressed six broad themed sessions;

• State overview of blue swimmer crab commercial fisheries

• Monitoring, stock assessment and harvest strategy

• Environmental drivers and climate change

• Blue swimmer crabs….from the sea to the plate

• Recreational fishing and surveys …

Eight-Legged Encounters—Arachnids, Volunteers, And Art Help To Bridge The Gap Between Informal And Formal Science Learning, Eileen Hebets, Melissa Welch-Lazoritz, Pawl Tisdale, Patricia Wonch Hill

Eileen Hebets Publications

Increased integration and synergy between formal and informal learning environments is proposed to provide multiple benefits to science learners. In an effort to better bridge these two learning contexts, we developed an educational model that employs the charismatic nature of arachnids to engage the public of all ages in science learning; learning that aligns with the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS Disciplinary Core Ideas associated with Biodiversity and Evolution). We created, implemented, and evaluated a family-focused, interactive science event—Eight-Legged Encounters (ELE)—which encompasses more than twenty modular activities. Volunteers facilitated participant involvement at each activity station and original …

Contractile Response Of Bovine Lateral Saphenous Vein To Ergotamine Tartrate Exposed To Different Concentrations Of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer, Manoj B. Kudupoje, James L. Klotz, Alexandros Yiannikouris, Karl A. Dawson, Kyle R. Mcleod, Eric S. Vanzant

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Ergot alkaloids, in their active isomeric form, affect animal health and performance, and adsorbents are used to mitigate toxicities by reducing bioavailability. Adsorbents with high specificity (molecularly imprinted polymers: MIP) adsorb ergot alkaloids in vitro, but require evaluation for biological implications. Using ex vivo myography, synthetic polymers were evaluated for effects on the bioactivity of ergotamine tartrate (ETA). Polymers were first evaluated using isotherms. Lateral saphenous veins were collected from 17 steers for four independent studies: dose response of ETA, adsorbent dose response, validation of pre-myograph incubation conditions and MIP/ non-molecularly imprinted polymer (NIP) comparison. Norepinephrine normalized percent contractile response …

Mute Swans, David R. Marks

Wildlife Damage Management Technical Series

Mute swans (Cygnus olor) are an invasive species originally brought to the United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries for ornamental ponds and lakes, zoos and aviculture collections. Original populations were located in northeastern states along the Hudson Valley but have since expanded to several Midwestern states and portions of the western U.S. and Canada. Mute swan damage includes competing with native waterfowl, destroying native plants, spreading disease, and colliding with aircraft. They are also considered a nuisance in some areas due to their abundant fecal droppings and aggressiveness towards people.

Mute swans can impact …