Life Sciences Commons^™

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 41 Number 1, May 1999, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

8 - A BRIDGE BETWEEN WORLDS By President PaulL. Locatelli, S.J. 'Go. President Locatelli examines the value of service learning for students, the University, and America's social fabric.

12 - A GIANT ARTIST By Ann Granning Bennett. Auguste Rodin's sculptures are now on view at the de Saisset Museum. The question is: How do high-profile art shows like this one come about?

18 - ARIZONA'S DIPLOMATIC TOP COP By Tamara Straus. Janet Napolitano ' 79 , Arizona's newly elected attorney general , discusses the challenges of public office as well as politics, ethics, and fighting crime.

Fish & Wildlife News: May/June 1999

Fish and Wildlife News

Contents:

Director Lists Priorities 2
“Fulling the Promise” Debuts 2
LE Auctions Seized Items 3
Fishway Clears a Path for Shad 8
Reaching Out to Air Travelers 9
More Condors Fly Free in West 11
Realty In-Depth 13
Adventures in China 14
Training Refuge Officers 18
A Close Look at a Prescribed Burn 23
Rachel Carson at NCTC 26
A Look at Tropical Refuges 26
The Heritage Page: Service Archives Burgeoning 28
Fish and Wildlife...In Brief 31

Fish & Wildlife News: May/June 1999

Fish and Wildlife News

Contents:

Director Lists Priorities 2
“Fulling the Promise” Debuts 2
LE Auctions Seized Items 3
Fishway Clears a Path for Shad 8
Reaching Out to Air Travelers 9
More Condors Fly Free in West 11
Realty In-Depth 13
Adventures in China 14
Training Refuge Officers 18
A Close Look at a Prescribed Burn 23
Rachel Carson at NCTC 26
A Look at Tropical Refuges 26
The Heritage Page: Service Archives Burgeoning 28
Fish and Wildlife...In Brief 31

Nebline, May 1999

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

“Welcome to the Real World”
Perennials with interesting flowers
Sweet potatoes
Gardening for children
Use baits for sweet-loving ants
Dandelions: bad or good?
Did you know?
Clean water: do you take it for granted?
What are rain forests?
Pesticide container recycling program
Nitrogen can increase soybean yields
Controlled traffic in fields
Tips to wash pesticide-contaminated clothing
Poison ivy – an irritating plant
Tractor safety tips (part 5)
Butterfly gardening
WIC (Women Infants and Children) celebrates 25 years
Healthy Eating: Variable Vegetable Strata
The disappearing lunch hour
You CAN gain weight eating low fat foods!
Focus on Food
Family & Community …

Implications Of Stomatal Interactions, Thomas Norman Buckley

Biology

Though stomatal apertures often vary randomly within a leaf, suggesting somata behave independently, recent evidence suggests stomata may interact. In the phenomenon of patchy stomatal conductance, stomatal behavior becomes coordinated at the intermediate scale of one or more areoles but discoordinated at larger scales. This has two general implications. First, it makes relationships between certain gas exchange properties highly scale dependent, affecting the interpretation of large-scale measurements in terms of small-scale properties and the upscaling of models based on small-scale mechanisms. Second, it indicates some yet-unidentified mechanism for stomatal interactions. A model of gas exchange in a leaf with heterogeneous …

The Roles Of Superoxide Dismutases Of A Plant-Beneficial Bacterium, Pseudomonas Putida, And A Phytopathogenic Bacterium, Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Syringae B728a, During Plant Colonization, Young Cheol Kim

Biology

Both Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas syringae produced manganese-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and iron-superoxide dismutase (FeSOD). Genes sodB, encoding FeSOD, and sodA, encoding MnSOD, were cloned. The sodB genes were transcribed as monocistronic transcripts, expressed throughout growth phases when iron was available. The sodA genes were part of polycistronic operons, and transcripts of the operons were induced only in iron-deficient conditions. The effect of mutations in the SOD genes was observed during root colonization by Pseudomonas putida. The sodB and sodAsodB mutants were impaired in root colonization in mixed inoculations with wild-type. Growth of the sodB and sodAsodB mutants …

Roles Of Plasma Membrane Lipids In Syringomycin E Action In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Rungrach Wangspa

Biology

The bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae produces an antifungal secondary metabolite, syringomycin E. Yeast growth inhibition by this lipodepsipeptide involves sterol and sphingolipids of the plasma membrane. Using a sterol auxotroph of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, strain FY-14, it was shown that the predominant sterol in yeast, ergosterol, is not required for the mechanism of action of this metabolite. With ergosterol, cholesterol, β-sitosterol or stigmasterol as the bulk sterol, strain FY-14 was sensitive to syringomycin E with the last two conferring the highest degree of sensitivity. The type of growth-promoting sterol influenced cellular sensitivity to syringomycin E. Growth-promoting ergosterol afforded the …

Local Teacher Suggestions And Evaluations Of The Allen And Alice Stokes Nature Center School Group Programs, Jennifer E. Desarro

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Environmental education is becoming more prevalent in school curriculums. The Tbilisi Declaration of 1977 defines environmental education as:

A process aimed at developing a world population that is aware of, and concerned about, the total environment and its associated problems, and which has the knowledge, attitudes, skills, motivation, and commitment to work individually and collectively toward solutions of current problems and the prevention of new ones (Braus and Wood, p.6).

By incorporating more environmental education into elementary and middle school curriculums, the students are becoming more prepared to deal with problems and make educated choices affecting their futures.

Bird Predation In Juvenile Colorado Pikeminnow Habitat At Ouray National Wildlife Refuge, Utah, Julie R. Stiver

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Four endangered endemic fishes inhabit waters in the Upper Colorado River basin. These species are Colorado pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus lucius), humpback chub (Xyrauchen texanus), bonytail chub (Gila elegans), and humpback chub (G. cypha). Water development throughout the basin has altered turbidity, water temperature, salinity, and flow creating a less suitable habitat for these species (Miller and Hubert 1990). Non-native fish species have also been introduced to the  system, creating competition for the native species.  Piscivorus bird species and their hunting behavior in juvenile Colorado pikeminnow habitat was analyzed. Piscivorus birds were frequent visitors …

The Development Of Pediococcus Species As Starters For Mozzarella Cheese, Shelby L. Caldwell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Bacteriophage infection of Streptococcus thermophilus is a growing concern in the mozzarella cheese industry. One method to control this problem may be to replace S. thermophilus with a starter coccus from a different genus of lactic acid bacteria. This work evaluated the possibility of using genetically modified Pediococcus spp. for this approach. Electroporation was used to introduce genes for lactose utilization from Lactococcus lactis into strains of P. acidilactici and P. pentosaceus. The resulting lactose-positive transformants, P. acidilactici SAL and P. pentosaceus SPL-2, rapidly reduced the pH of lactose broth, accumulated [¹⁴C]lactose at a rate higher than …

Modeling Habitat Attributes Of Cavity-Nesting Birds In The Uinta Mountains, Utah: A Hierarchical Approach, Joshua J. Lawler

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Birds may have the ability to view their environments at a wide range of spatial scales; accordingly, they may make habitat-selection decisions at multiple spatial scales. I investigated the implications of hierarchy theory and a landscape perspective on nest-site selection in cavity-nesting birds in the Uinta Mountains in northeastern Utah. I used three different approaches to address the concept of a multi-scaled nest-site selection process. First, I conducted an exploratory study in which I investigated nest-site selection at three spatial scales for Red-naped Sapsucker (Sphyrapicus nuchalis), Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus), Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor), and …

Uptake And Transformation Of Trichloroethylene By Hybrid Poplar: Laboratory Studies, Julie K. Chard

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Trichloroethylene (TCE) was widely used as an industrial solvent and degreasing agent for most of the twentieth century. It is now a widespread groundwater contaminant. Phytoremediation may be a cost-effective cleanup method for TCE-contaminated soils and groundwater. Studies of environmental TCE fate are complicated by its volatility. The literature reports both significant and insignificant plant uptake of TCE. Conflicting findings may be due to differences in exposure level, conditions, and duration of the studies, or to experimental artifacts from laboratory systems.

This research quantified plant uptake and volatilization of TCE using a unique laboratory system. Hybrid poplar trees were exposed …

Ecologically Sound Biological Control For Invasive Species?: Review Of Pedro Barbosa, Ed., Conservation Biological Control, Svata M. Louda

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The timeliness of Conservation biological control, edited by Pedro Barbosa, is striking. Invasive exotic species often represent an economic cost for agriculture and sometimes an environmental threat to the integrity of native vegetation in national forests, parks, and reserves. Problems caused by the most obvious noxious species are bringing more public awareness of invasives. As a consequence, on 3 February 1999, President Clinton issued an executive order to coordinate and stimulate research and management of invasive exotic species. ... The suggested alternative approach to biological-based management of invasive species is exciting in its ecological justification and its sustainability. Environmental …

Pyoveridine Production By Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Exposed To Metals Or An Oxidative Stress Agent, Kim-Hien Thi Dao, Katherine E. Hamer, Christine L. Clark, Lawrence G. Harshman

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Siderophores are low molecular mass compounds used by many microorganisms to scavenge dissolved iron, which is typically rare in environments. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1) was exposed to metals and methyl viologen in low-iron medium in order to monitor the abundance of a specific siderophore (pyoverdine) and monitor growth over time. In this study it was discovered that cadmium can stimulate pyoverdine abundance. Cadmium may interact with and sequester the Fur regulatory protein, which represses siderophore synthesis under conditions of iron sufficiency. Mercury did not stimulate pyoverdine production at concentrations that strongly inhibited bacterial growth, suggesting that pyoverdine production is not governed …

Organic Price Premiums For Northern Great Plains And Upper Midwest Crops: 1995 To 1998, Thomas L. Dobbs, Jamie L. Pourier

Economics Pamphlet Series (1985-2016)

Price premiums for organic crops have drawn the attention of increasing numbers of farmers in the Northern Great Plains and Upper Midwest in recent years. Falling prices for crops grown with "conventional" farming methods have caused an increasing number of farmers to explore the possibilities of switching to organic methods and obtaining organic certification. One indication of this interest has been the relatively high attendance at meetings of organic and sustainable farming associations in 1998 and 1999. As part of the sustainable agriculture research program in the Economics Department at South Dakota State University (SDSU), we have been comparing "organic" …

Forage News [1999-05], Department Of Plant And Soil Sciences, University Of Kentucky

Forage News

• By-Product Feeds for Postweaning Feeding of Calves
• High Levels of Hard Seed Present in Annual Lespedeza
• Grazing Tolerance Publications Available on the Web
• Kentucky Forage & Grassland Council - President’s Corner
• Layout and Design
• Seeding Rate of Different Alfalfa Seed Lots
• What’s New in Autotoxicity?
• Upcoming Events

Multicenter Comparison Of Pcr Assays For Detection Of Human Herpesvirus 8 Dna In Semen, Philip E. Pellett, Thomas J. Spira, Omar Bagasra, Chris Boshoff, Lawrence Corey, Laura De Lellis, Meei-Li Huang, Jung-Chung Lin, Steve Matthews, Paolo Monini, Paola Romessi, Carlos Sosa, Charles Wood, John A. Stewart

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Reported prevalences of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) (Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) in semen have ranged widely. This is possibly due to differences in assay sensitivity, geographic or population-based differences in the true presence of the virus in semen, and PCR contamination. This study assessed interlaboratory sensitivity and reproducibility in the analysis of blinded experimental panels, each consisting of 48 specimens and being composed of semen specimens from different healthy artificial-insemination donors (n = 30) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients (n= 7) plus positive (n = 4) and negative (n = 7) controls. The experimental panels analyzed in each laboratory were …

Animal Science Newsletter, Spring 1999

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Contents:

From the Department Head's Desk
New Department Head Hired
Graduate Program
Thank You, Roger...
Undergraduate Program
Animal Science Centennial Celebration
Animal Science Graduates
Prize Winning Newsletter
Dalbey-Halleck Research Farm
Faculty Development Leave
Integrated Resource Management (IRM)
Cattleman of the Year
Bud Britton Animal Science Golf Classic
New Faculty
Master's Week Honoree
SPF Secretary-Manager Accepts New Position
Farm Bureau Honors Waldo
Block and Bridle Activities
Emeriti Addresses
Officers for 1998-1999
Activities for 1998-99
Recent Department Awards and Recognitions
Judging Team Activities
Newsletter Committee
Alumni News
Calendar of Events for 1998 – 1999

Ecology Of The Malay Civet (Viverra Tangalunga) In A Logged And An Unlogged Forest In Sabah, East Malaysia, Christina P. Colon

Publications and Research

Malay civets in a dipterocarp rain forest were studied from December, 1995, through June, 1997, in the Ulu Segama Forest Reserve in Sabah, East Malaysia. To investigate the basic ecology of this species and explore the potential impact of selective logging, data on home range, activity and diet were collected on study animals in an unlogged and a selectively logged forest, and comparisons made.

Density in the unlogged forest was 1/0.46 km² , and 1/1.07 km² in the logged forest. Mean home range size based on a 95% minimum convex polygon was 110 ha. and did not differ …

Oligosaccharides From Cell Surface Glycoproteins Of Thermoplasma Acidophilum, An Archae, Gitanjali Srivastava

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Transplanting Broodstock Oysters, Crassostrea Virginica, Onto Reconstructed Oyster Reefs To Increase Spat Recruitment In The Piankatank River, Dawn Chentil Sherwood

Master's Theses

Four oyster reefs were recreated from oyster shells to historical proportions in the Piankatank River from 1993-1995. In December 1997, two of the reconstructed reefs were supplemented with large broodstock oysters from Tangier and Pocomoke Sounds. Since total quantity as well as density ofbroodstock were believed to be limiting factors for recruitment in this river, adding stock was expected to raise spat recruitment. Methods included dive surveys on the reefs, and dredge and patent tong surveys on the natural oyster bars. The recruitment of spat to both reefs and bars was significantly higher in 1998 (p<0.001) than in the previous four years and a positive interaction (p<0.005) was seen between the reefs and the year 1998. Based on these dat~ stock enhancement in the Piankatank River successfully improved recruitment and suggest oyster restoration may be facilitated in other areas of the Chesapeake Bay by strategic enhancement of spawning stocks.

The Holes In Gould's Semipermeable Membrane Between Science And Religion, Ursula Goodenough

Biology Faculty Research

Book review: Rocks of Ages: Science and Religion in the Fullness of Life. Stephen Jay Gould. 241 pp. Ballantine Publishing Group, 1999.

The Mycobactericidal Efficacy Of Orthophthalaldehyde And The Comparative Resistances Of Mycobacterium Bovis, Mycobacterium Terrae, And Mycobacterium Chelonae, Richard A. Robison, Adam W. Gregory, G. Bruce Schaalje, Jonathan D. Smart

Faculty Publications

Objectives: To assess the mycobactericidal efficacy of an agent relatively new to disinfection, ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) and to compare the resistances of three Mycobacterium species. Mycobacterium bovis (strain BCG) was compared with Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium terrae to investigate the feasibility of using either of the latter two species in tuberculocidal testing. M chelonae (a rapid grower) and M terrae (an intermediate grower) both grow faster and are less virulent than M bovis (a slow grower).

Commissural Interneurons In Rhythm Generation And Intersegmental Coupling In The Lamprey Spinal Cord, James T. Buchanan

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Commissural interneurons in rhythm generation and intersegmental coupling in the lamprey spinal cord. To test the necessity of spinal commissural interneurons in the generation of the swim rhythm in lamprey, longitudinal midline cuts of the isolated spinal cord preparation were made. Fictive swimming was then induced by bath perfusion with an excitatory amino acid while recording ventral root activity. When the spinal cord preparation was cut completely along the midline into two lateral hemicords, the rhythmic activity of fictive swimming was lost, usually replaced with continuous ventral root spiking. The loss of the fictive swim rhythm was not due to …

Effect Of A 17 Day Spaceflight On Contractile Properties Of Human Soleus Muscle Fibres, Jeffrey J. Widrick, Shannon T. Knuth, Kris M. Norenberg, Janell A. Romatowski, James L. W. Bain, Danny A. Riley, M. Karhanek, S. W. Trappe, Todd A. Trappe, David Costill, Robert H. Fitts

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

1. Soleus biopsies were obtained from four male astronauts 45 days before and within 2 h after a 17 day spaceflight. 2. For all astronauts, single chemically skinned post-flight fibres expressing only type I myosin heavy chain (MHC) developed less average peak Ca¥ activated force (Pï) during fixed-end contractions (0·78 ± 0·02 vs. 0·99 ± 0·03 mN) and shortened at a greater mean velocity during unloaded contractions (Vï) (0·83 ± 0·02 vs. 0·64 ± 0·02 fibre lengths s¢) than preflight type I fibres. 3. The flight-induced decline in absolute Pï was attributed to reductions in fibre diameter and Ï or …

A Role For The Light-Dependent Phosphorylation Of Visual Arrestin, Paul G. Alloway, Patrick J. Dolph

Dartmouth Scholarship

Arrestins are regulatory proteins that participate in the termination of G protein-mediated signal transduction. The major arrestin in the Drosophila visual system, Arrestin 2 (Arr2), is phosphorylated in a light-dependent manner by a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase and has been shown to be essential for the termination of the visual signaling cascade in vivo. Here, we report the isolation of nine alleles of the Drosophila photoreceptor cell-specific arr2 gene. Flies carrying each of these alleles underwent light-dependent retinal degeneration and displayed electrophysiological defects typical of previously identified arrestin mutants, including an allele encoding a protein that lacks the major Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein …

Analysis Of Intraguild Predation With A Consideration Of Adaptive Foraging, Toshinori Okuyama

School of Biological Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Identification of interactive units in food webs is particularly important in population and community ecology. Intraguild predation has gained much attention recently with the recognition of its prevalence in the field, although its significance has not been fully studied. Nature contains much more complex interactions than a simple food chain. Yet, much theory still focuses on the trophic levels connected in a single linear chain. In this thesis, I study intraguild predation including the consideration of animal behavior whose importance is also often neglected in population and community ecology.

First, the concepts of intraguild predation and animal behavior are introduced. …

Horticultural Studies 1998, John R. Clark, Michael D. Richardson

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Horticulture connects with people in many ways including an enhanced awareness concerning the importance of fruits and vegetables in our diet. The health benefits of such a diet is gaining wide recognition throughout the public and will likely provide tremendous opportunities for research, education and business development. Significant faculty additions and programmatic efforts were made to the university’s fruit and vegetable programs in 1998.

Sucrose Metabolism In Two Saccharum Species, Monica Ida Valdez-Garza

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

S. officinarum is a thick-stemmed sugarcane which stores large amounts of sucrose, and S. spontaneum is thin-stemmed with very little sucrose. Sucrose synthase (SS), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), and invertase enzymes are thought to affect the accumulation of sucrose in the stems of sugarcane. This study was performed to determine if (i) differences between SPS and acid invertase activities account for the difference in sucrose content of sugarcane stems, and (ii) differences in SS activity influence sucrose concentration. The difference between SPS and acid invertase activities did not appear related to the low sucrose content in S. spontaneum. However, the …

Genetic Consequences Of Mammalian Social Structure, Jay F. Storz

Jay F. Storz Publications

Populations of social mammals are characterized by several demographic features that may increase the magnitude of genetic drift relative to other evolutionary forces. In particular, polygynous mating and socially mediated constraints on gene flow have been proposed to foster random genetic differentiation among social groups, thereby accelerating rates of evolutionary change. To evaluate this hypothesized link between sociality and genetic sub- division, I examined results of published studies of mammalian populations in which genetic structuring was assessed at the level of social groups. Population genetic data from a taxonomically diverse array of social mammals revealed low to moderately high levels …