Life Sciences Commons^™

Calf Performance Grazing Crop Residues In Combination With Rye In Fall And Winter, D. J. Jordon, Mark Blackford, Todd Milton, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Rob Cooper

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two trials in the fall and winter of 1997-98 evaluated calf performance when grazing either rye with crop residues or crop residues alone. While not significant, calves grazing rye followed by corn residues tended to gain faster compared to calves grazing residues alone (2.26 versus 1.84 lb/d, respectively). Calves grazing corn residues only fully compensated for the weight difference at the end of winter grazing by slaughter. No differences were found in finishing performance or slaughter breakevens. In trial 2, steers grazed rye and milo or milo residue alone. Steers grazing rye/milo gained faster (P < .05). Using rye to supplement animals on milo residues resulted in steers not leaving the rye portion of the field.

Evaluation Of Revalor®-G As An Initial Implant For Yearling Steers, Terry L. Mader, Jill Heemstra, Robert Brandt Jr., Gary Sides

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Three hundred thirty-six English crossbred steers (715 lb) were used to compare effects of reimplanting with Revalor®-S (administered on day 66) after three different initial implants (administered on day zero), to single implantation with Revalor-S (administered on day zero or day 66). Over the entire study, implanted steers gained faster and more efficiently than non-implanted control steers. Steers implanted initially with Revalor-G or Synovex-S gained faster than steers implanted only once. Of the three reimplant treatments, only those initially implanted with Revalor-G had improved feed efficiency compared with single-implanted steers on a live basis. Compared to non-implanted controls, marbling score …

Performance Of Yearling Steers Fed Beet Pulp Or Chicory Pulp Rations, Ivan G. Rush, Brad Van Pelt

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Substitution of beet pulp or chicory pulp for corn silage was evaluated in a 64-day feeding trial using yearling steers. Rations contained 27.7 percent (DM) beet pulp or chicory pulp. Chicory pulp utilized in this trial is a suitable feed resource for beef cattle. Feed intake was significantly lower with chicory pulp addition. Palatability or very high water content of rations which reduced ration quality are potential reasons for decreased consumption of rations containing chicory pulp.

Dietary Management For Starting Finishing Yearling Steers On Feed, Burt Weichenthal, Ivan G. Rush, Brad Van Pelt

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Angus crossbred yearling steers were started on a finishing program with diets stepped-up in grain over 23 days or with limit-feeding of the final diet over three weeks. Limit-feeding during start-up improved overall feed efficiency, carcass dressing percentage and fat thickness, but did not affect daily gain or carcass quality and yield grades. In this small pen research trial, steers reached ad libitum intake of the final diet by limit-feeding of this diet during start-up without major problems from acidosis or related intake variation.

Humboldt Journal Of Microbiology: Volume 2, Number 1- May 1999, Press Humboldt

Humboldt Journal of Microbiology

No abstract provided.

Survey Of Medium And Large Mammals In An Urban Park (Murray Park), Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas, Josie H. Dickins, David W. Clark, Steffany C. White, Gary A. Heidt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Because of increased environmental awareness by city planning commissions, there are more urban parks and greenbelt areas. These areas often result in increased human and wildlife contacts, thus resulting in the need for management plans regarding urban wildlife. From September 1998 to March 1999, we conducted mammal surveys of the urban greenspace Murray Park, Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas. Surveys were conducted using five methods: direct observations; spot lighting; live trapping; animal sign; and scent posts. Species recorded included, opossum (Didelphis virginiana), nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), fox squirrel (Sciurus niger), gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis), beaver (Castor canadensis), woodchuck (Marmota monax), …

Effects Of Predation On Two Species Of Stream-Dwelling Crayfish (Orconectes Marchandi And Cambarus Hubbsi) In Pool And Riffle Microhabitats, Heidi Dukat, Daniel D. Magoulick

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Community structure may be governed by many abiotic and biotic factors. Of the biotic factors, predation is often considered to be critical in structuring freshwater stream communities. In the Warm Fork of the Spring River, the crayfish Cambarus hubbsi is found mainly in riffles, whereas the crayfish Orconectes marchandi is found in high numbers in pools. We hypothesized that predation, mainly by fish, is a factor causing this segregation. Higher predation rates for C. hubbsi than 0. marchandi in the pools and higher predation rates for 0. marchandi than C. hubbsi in the riffles were expected. A transplant tethering experiment …

Analysis Of Phytoestrogens By High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Anne A. Grippo, Yan Xie, Benjamin L. Rougeau, William V. Wyatt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Phytoestrogens are biochemicals synthesized in plants which mimic steroidal estrogen activity in mammals. Analysis of these compounds in the legumes which produce them and in body fluids is important to the study of their physiological effects. High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been found to be an efficient and sensitive method of identification and quantitation of isoflavonoids, one class of phytoestrogen. Here we report the separation of three isoflavonoids, biochanin A, genistein and daidzein using an HPLC system with a Cg reverse phase column and a linear gradient mobile phase containing acetonitrile and acetic acid/water (10/90, v/v) over 60 minutes. …

Survey Of Diseases In Wild Turkeys In Arkansas, Wayne E. Thogmartin, James E. Johnson, Bradley A. Schaeffer, Camille C. Ciriano

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Nineteen dead wild turkeys were necropsied and 573 live wild turkeys were physically examined for pathological agents in Arkansas between 1992 and 1997 to determine the proximate role disease may play in declining wild populations in Arkansas. Necropsy of the dead wild turkeys identified avian pox and histomoniasis as the most common diseases (16% and 11% of necropsies, respectively). Avian pox was recorded from three major physiographic regions in the state (Ozark Highlands, Ouachita Mountains, Gulf Coastal Plain). One hen died of non-accidental crop impaction, the fifth occurrence observed in the southeastern United States. Another hen died after developing severe, …

Post-Metomorphic Growth And Reproduction In The Eastern Narrowmouth Toad (Gastrophryne Carolinensis) From Northeastern Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth, Walter E. Meshaka Jr., Robert L. Cox Jr.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Post-metamorphic growth and the reproductive cycle of the eastern narrowmouth toad (Gastrophryne carolinensis) were studied from 204 individuals collected during the April August 1989 activity season in a two-county area of northeastern Arkansas near the northwestern edge of the species' geographic range. Late summer metamorphs require a full growing season before they can reproduce as they approach their second year of life. The oldest individuals may be at least five years old. By late April, gonadal cycles of adults had commenced; the males were producing sperm, and some of the females were gravid. Fertility of both sexes increased during the …

Variations In Sphaerocarpos (Marcantiopsida) In Arkansas, Timothy A. Golden, Daniel L. Marsh

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Three Types Of Forest Openings As Habitat For Wild Turkeys, Thomas A. Nelson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Electron Shock Waves, Frances Terry, Mostafa Hemmati

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

First Report Of Lamptera Appendix (Dekay) From The Black River Drainage Of Arkansas, Daniel D. Ward, Denver Dunn, Hilary J. Worley, Martin Ruane, Vernon E. Hoffman, Grace Troutman, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Occurrences Of Petalphyllum (Fossombroniaceae) In The Interior Highlands Of Arkansas, Jared W. Kyzer, Daniel L. Marsh

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Recent Documentation Of Mountain Lion (Puma Concolor) In Arkansas, Theo Witsell, Gary A. Heidt, Parker L. Dozhier, Tom Frothingham, Mark Lynn

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

A Spatial And Temporal Analysis Of Riparian Vegetation Along Satus Creek On The Yakama Indian Reservation, Kathryn Gellenbeck

All Master's Theses

Satus Creek provides critical habitat for the Yakima River Basin steelhead. A diverse community of riparian vegetation is important for healthy fish habitat; vegetation changes can affect shade, cover, channel structure, water quality, and food availability. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and illustrate riparian vegetation change, both temporally and spatially, along three separate reaches of Satus Creek. A Geographic Information Systems approach was applied to assess the vegetation change by comparing plant species composition and density on 1949 and 1995 aerial photographs. The GIS approach allowed patterns and trends in the vegetation to be identified. In less …

Improving Feed Grains, Bruce P. Mullan

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Clearly, to encourage grain growers to focus their production systems towards feed grains, it is important to first identify the reasons for variation in the nutritional value of grains and then to develop rapid, cheap, and accurate methods of measuring these factors. The analytical methods should ideally be suitable for application either at the site of grain delivery from the farm or within the place of stockfeed manufacture. This will mean the nutritional value of the grain can be known before it is used. The rational marketing of feed grains could then be achieved, with the benefits from more efficient …

Carrot Export Growth Depends On Keeping Cavity Spot Under Control, Allan Mckay, Elaine Davison

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Cavity spot is the most serious disease affecting carrot production in Ly Western Australia. With carrots now being the State's most important horticultural export, Agriculture Western Australia has undertaken extensive research to ensure the export market continues to grow.

Accelerating Variety Release With Double Haploids, Sue Broughton

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The use of plant tissue culture to produce special lines called doubled haploids is reducing the time taken to breed new varieties of cereal crops by up to three years. Sue Broughton outlines what doubled haploids are, how they are produced, and why they have been able to short circuit the usual lengthy breeding process.

Field Sampling And Necropsy Examination Of Fish, A. S. Kane, A. Baya, R. Reimschuessel, K. M. St. Pé, C. A. Poukish, C. P. Driscoll

Virginia Journal of Science

This paper presents an overview of observational and fish sampling tech­niques for investigating fish lesions, morbidity and mortality. These sam­pling techniques and investigations are much like detective work and require attention to detail, common sense, technical proficiency and experience. To solve the mystery of a fish kill, the investigator must use available evidence and clues to piece together a series of events that often have long since passed. The cause of these field events may be chemical, biological or physical; more often, it is some combination of these. An initial categorization approach may be used to reduce the great number …

Pcr And Fish Detection Extends The Range Of Pfiesteria Piscicida In Estuarine Waters, P. A. Rublee, J. Kempton, E. Schaefer, J.M. Burkholder, H. B. Glasgow Jr., David Oldach

Virginia Journal of Science

PCR and fluorescent in situ hybridization probes were used to assay for the presence of the dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida in 170 estuarine water samples collected from New York to northern Florida. 20% of samples tested positive for the presence of P. piscicida, including sites where fish kills due to Pfiesteria have occurred and sites where there was no historical evidence of such events. The results extend the known range of P. piscicida northward to Long Island, New York. The results also suggest that P. piscicida is common, and normally benign, inhabitatant of estuarine waters of the eastern US.

Virginia's Pfiesteria Monitoring Program: Water Quality, Roger K. Everton, Wick T. Harlan, Jonathan W. Priest, Mark S. Alling

Virginia Journal of Science

During the summer and early fall of 1998, 34 estuarine stations in Virginia were sampled for Pfiesteria like organisms (PLOs) and associated water quality conditions. Stations were sampled either bimonthly (20 stations) or monthly (14 stations) from June to October 1998. At each station, a set of live and Lugol' s preserved samples were collected for presumptive counts of PLOs and water quality conditions were determined. Water quality parame­ters measured included standard field parameters, nutrients (total, dissolved, and particulate), chlorophyll a, and conventional water quality indicators. Although PLOs were relatively low in 1998 as compared to 1997, presump­tive PLO counts …

A Cohort Study To Determine The Epidemiology Of Estuary-Associated Syndrome, Elizabeth Turf, Lily Ingsrisawang, Megan Turf, J.D. Ball, Michael Stutts, John Taylor, Suzanne Jenkins

Virginia Journal of Science

From the Introduction:

Estuary-Associated Syndrome (EAS) is the name given to a potential illness characterized primarily by changes in an individual's cognitive abilities, including acute onset of memory loss or the sudden inability to solve simple problems. Other possible signs of illness include respiratory symptoms, skin rash, or gastrointestinal distress. This illness appears to arise following exposure to toxin produced by Pfiesteria piscicida, or other toxic dinoflagellates, that resides in estuary waters.

….

In order to learn more about this possible syndrome and to determine if a causal relationship exists between association to waters containing Pfiesteria or other toxic …

Monitoring Results For Pfiesteria Piscidida And Pfiesteria-Like Organisms From Virginia Waters In 1998, Harold G. Marshall, David W. Seaborn, Jennifer Wolny

Virginia Journal of Science

Results of an extensive 1998 monitoring program for the presence of Pfiesteria-like organisms (PLO) in Virginia estuaries indicate these dinoflagellates are widely distributed in both the water column, and as cysts in the sediment, however Pfiesteria piscicida was not detected at this time. The highest concentrations of PLO were in estuaries along the Virginia shore line of the Potomac River, and in western Chesapeake Bay estuaries from the Little Wicomico River to the Rappahannock River. The most common PLO included Cryptoperidiniopsis sp. and Gymnodinium galatheanum. The lowest PLO concentrations were at ocean side locations. PLO were also …

Growth And Feeding Studies On The Algal Feeding Stage Of A Pfiesteria-Like Dinoflagellate, David W. Seaborn, A. Michelle Seaborn, William M. Dunstan, Harold G. Marshall

Virginia Journal of Science

The dinoflagellate Cryptoperidiniopsis sp. was isolated from sediment samples taken from Virginia estuaries, and established in culture for subsequent growth and feeding studies. The maximum abundance, or yield, of Cryptoperidiniopsis is exponentially related to the concentration of algal prey and is saturated at about 4.00 X 10⁵ mL^-1. Salinity from 10-20 ppt and temperature between 15-25 C have no effect on the yield of this form of Cryptoperidiniopsis. Light intensity has a secondary effect in that the algal prey reproduces more quickly in higher light as they are being grazed. Growth rates of Cryptoperidiniopsis were …

Water Consumption And Growth Of Some Barley Genotypes Under Eskişehir Conditions, Mehmet Aydin, A. Vahap Katkat

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Using eight barley cultivars field experiments were carried out in Eskişehir, from 1991 through 1994. Water consumption and dry mater yield of genotypes were studied. Also, the yields and yield components as well as their relationship with dry matter production in different growing periods were studied. There was no significant difference among evapotranspiration of genotypes. The Water Use Efficiency (WUE) varied with year. Mean annual WUE of genotypes varied from 3.6 to 4.75 kg / da^-1 mm^-1 for biological yield, and from 1.08 to 1.45 kg / da^-1 mm^-1 for grain yield. Total dry-matter production throughout the growing season and …

The Efficiency Of Resource Allocation And Productivity In The Agricultural Farms In Kazova Region Of Tokat Province, Yaşar Akçay, Kemal Esengün

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study covers agricultural farms in Kazova area of Tokat province. The main material of the study was the data obtained from 134 farms by survey in period of 1994- 1995. In the study, translog production fonction and Allen Partial Elasticity of Substitution (AES) in order to determine input-input relation were used. Estimated equations analyzed econometrictly and marginal analysis belonging to the each estimated equations which are marginal production elasticity. Production elasticity of function, coefficient of efficiency and AES were analyzed and commented. In the light of findings, it can be said that farming income might be increased by efficient …

Investigation On Changes In Physical And Chemical Properties Of Palm Kernel Oil During Hydrogenation, İhsan Karabulut, Muammer Kayahan

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Palm kernel oil was hydrogenated discontinuously for a period of 100 min at 165°C and 2,5 atm in the presence of nickel catalyst (%0,18). The changes in iodine number, fatty acid composition, trans fatty acid content and solid fat content during the hydrogenation were investigated for samples taken at 10 min intervals. According to the findings, while iodine number was gradually decreased during the reaction, trans fatty acid content increased significantly. Reaction conditions had increased effect on stearic acid formation from monoens. Trans fatty acid and total saturated fatty acid amounts increased proportionally with increase in SFC values.

A Study On The Determination Of The Relationship Between Grain Yield And Certain Yield Components Of Corn Using Correlation And Path Analysis, Muhteşem Torun, Coşkun Köycü

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

A study was conducted to provide some useful information for corn breeding programmes in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Correlation and path analysis were performed to determine the relationship between grain yield and certain yield components and the characters influencing the yield of corn. Experiments were carried out between 1988-1990, in three locations each year, representing clay and loamy-clay soils in the Çarşamba Plain of the Samsun Province. Four varieties (Yerli, Karadeniz Yıldızı, TTM-8119, P.3377) and six nitrogen levels (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 kg/da N) were tested. Number of kernels per ear, number of rows per …