Mining Engineering Commons^™

Constructing A Complete Landslide Inventory Dataset For The 2018 Monsoon Disaster In Kerala, India, For Land Use Change Analysis, Lina Hao, Rajaneesh A., Cees Van Westen, Sajinkumar K. S., Tapas Ranjan Martha, Pankaj Jaiswal, Brian G. Mcadoo

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Event-based landslide inventories are important for analyzing the relationship between the intensity of the trigger (e.g., rainfall, earthquake) and the density of the landslides in a particular area as a basis for the estimation of the landslide probability and the conversion of susceptibility maps into hazard maps required for risk assessment. They are also crucial for the establishment of local rainfall thresholds that are the basis of early warning systems and for evaluating which land use and land cover changes are related to landslide occurrence. The completeness and accuracy of event-based landslide inventories are crucial aspects to derive reliable results …

Using Tandem-X To Measure Pyroclastic Flow Source Location, Thickness And Volume: Application To The 3rd June 2018 Eruption Of Fuego Volcano, Guatemala, F. Albino, J. Biggs, R. Escobar-Wolf, A. Naismith, M. Watson, J. C. Phillips, G. A. Chigna Marroquin

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

The estimation of the volume of volcanic flows during an ongoing eruption is challenging but this information is crucial for improving risk assessment and for forecasting future events. Although previous studies have shown the ability of TanDEM-X satellite data to derive the thickness and the volume of lava flow fields during effusive eruptions, the method has not been explored yet for pyroclastic flows. Using bi-static interferometry, we produce TanDEM-X DEM on Fuego volcano (Guatemala) to measure the significant topographic changes caused by the 3rd June 2018 eruption, which destroyed the town of San Miguel Los Lotes. We estimate the volume …

Improvement Of The Effectiveness Of Greywacke Crushing Process By Applying An Impact Crusher In Quarry For The Production Of Railway Ballast, Krzysztof Kurus, Karolina Jąderko-Skubis

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The production of aggregates in rock mining requires an optimal system of crushers, separators and conveyors. Proper machine selection allows to obtain aggregates with appropriate technical parameters and increase the output of required fractions with a given unit cost. The usage of rock raw materials for the production of railway ballast used in the railway track superstructure is connected with the necessity to meet strictly defined quality requirements.

This paper presents an example of the use of an impact crusher in a selected quarry for the purpose of obtaining the correct parameters of railway ballast and a suitable grain curve. …

Life Cycle Assessment To Demonstrate How Automation Improves The Sustainability Performance Of An Underground Mining Operation, Kyle Moreau, Corey Laamanen, Ron Bose, Helen Shang, John A. Scott

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The worldwide move to introduce more automation into underground metal ore mining is currently aimed at improving both operational productivity and safety. We have used a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) as a novel approach for the industry to determine the beneficial impacts automation can also have on environmental performance using data collected on mine site productivity and energy consumption. The LCA looked at four impact categories: global warming potential, acidification, eutrophication, and human toxicity. When comparing key automated equipment to their traditional manual counterpart, all four impact categories experienced a reduction with automation and a subsequent improvement in sustainability …

Explosive Compaction Of Additively Manufactured Material, Phillip R. Mulligan, Cody Lough, Douglas A. Bristow, Edward Kinzel, Catherine E. Johnson

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing (AM) technique that uses a laser to locally fuse material in a metal-powder bed. The process is performed in layers enabling significant geometric freedom over traditional manufacturing techniques. During the deposition process, the metal is locally melted and rapidly self-quenched, leading to rapid solidification with well-defined melt-pool boundaries. Analogies are often drawn to the microstructure created in welding, albeit extending to the entire part. The SLM process parameters are optimized to produce near full density metal parts. The process parameters can also be adjusted to produce local regions that are of unmelted …

Effects Of Inert Additives On Cyclotrimethylene-Trinitramine (Rdx)/Trinitrotoluene (Tnt) Detonation Parameters To Predict Detonation Synthesis Phase Production, Martin Langenderfer, William Fahrenholtz, Catherine E. Johnson

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A methodology was developed to predict pressure and temperature regimes achieved during detonation of RDX/TNT compositions with inert granular inclusions. The predicted pressures and temperatures are used as inputs for thermochemical simulations to design detonation synthesis experiments that utilize shock-induced chemical reactions to produce ceramic nanomaterials. This study computationally assessed the effects of inert spherical sand inclusions and porosity produced by inert additives on the sensitivity of the explosive composition during the shock-to-detonation transition using a limited scope approach through Lee-Tarver ignition and growth modeling. On the continuum scale, the effects of inert additives on pressure generation behind the detonation …

Effect Of Geometry And Fluid Viscosity On Dynamics Of Fluid-Filled Cracks: Insights From Analog Experimental Observations, Haitao Cao, Ezequiel F. Medici, Gregory P. Waite, Roohollah Askari

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Fluid-filled volumes in geological systems can change the local stress field in the host rock and may induce brittle deformation as well as crack propagation. Although the mechanisms relating fluid pressure perturbations and seismicity have been widely studied, the fluid-solid interaction inside the crack of a host rock is still not well understood. An analog experimental model of fluid intrusion in cracks between planar layers has been developed to study stress conditions at the margins and tips. A combined high-speed shadowgraph and a photoelasticity imaging system is used to visualize the fluid dynamics and induced stresses on the solid matrix. …

Modeling The Load Of Sars-Cov-2 Virus In Human Expelled Particles During Coughing And Speaking, Yang Wang, Guang Xu, Yue-Wern Huang

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Particle size is an essential factor when considering the fate and transport of virus-containing droplets expelled by human, because it determines the deposition pattern in the human respiratory system and the evolution of droplets by evaporation and gravitational settling. However, the evolution of virus-containing droplets and the size-dependent viral load have not been studied in detail. The lack of this information leads to uncertainties in understanding the airborne transmission of respiratory diseases, such as the COVID-19. In this study, through a set of differential equations describing the evolution of respiratory droplets and by using the SARS-CoV-2 virus as an example, …

Table Of Contents, The Editors

Coal Geology & Exploration

No abstract provided.

Evaluation And Analysis Of Paleoenvironments Of The Neogene Oil Shale Of Zhangcun Formation, Qinshui Basin, Liu Yanhai, Li Kunjie, Liu Dongna, Xue Shubin, Liu Yangfe, Chu Yonghui

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to deeply analyze the indication of oil shale development characteristics on paleoenvironments and provide theoretical guidance for oil shale resource evaluation, the organic geochemistry and elemental geochemistry characteristics of the Neogene Zhangcun Formation oil shale in the central part of the Qinshui basin were analyzed by Rock-Eval and TOC and the paleoclimate and paleogeographic environments of the depositional period were discussed as well. The results show that the oil shale of Zhangcun Formation has the low oil content which Tar=4.15%, higher hydrocarbon potential, kerogen is of sapropel type(I₁), which has relatively shallow burial depth. The element …

Pyrolysis Characteristics And Pyrolysis Product Composition Of Bituminous Coal Under Weak Oxidizing Atmosphere, Zang Libin, Cui Hufeng, Li Qingchun

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to improve the light tar and gas yield, the yield distribution and composition characteristics of pyrolysis products of bituminous coal from Shaanxi Hongliulin in the nitrogen atmosphere and weak oxygen atmosphere were studied in a fixed bed reactor. The results showed that the yield of char and tar were reduced under the weak oxygen atmosphere, and the yield of CO and CO₂ increased significantly, leading to the increase of total gas yield. Due to the oxidation combustion reaction, the yield of H₂, CH₄ and C₂-C₃ gradually decreased with the increase of …

Aggregation And Sedimentation Experiments Of Coal Fines With Different Particle Sizes During Cbm Development, Wei Yingchun, Cui Maolin, Zhang Jin, Meng Tao, Yao Zheng

Coal Geology & Exploration

During the development process of coalbed methane, the aggregation and sedimentation of coal fines can block the migration channel of coalbed methane and lead to accidents such as stuck pump and buried pump. In order to find out the aggregation and sedimentation characteristics of coal fines with different particle sizes, the aggregation and sedimentation experiments of coal fines with the particle size>140 mesh(<106 μm), 70 to 140 mesh(106-212 μm) and 50 to 70 mesh(212-300 μm) in deionized water were carried out. The aggregation and sedimentation characteristics of coal fines with different particle sizes in deionized water suspension were investigated from the suspension observation, the concentration characteristics of coal fines and the particle size distribution of coal fines in suspension. The results show that with the increase of the time, the color of coal fines suspension becomes lighter to different degrees, and the stratification of coal fines suspension gradually appears, and the suspension of coal fines with the particle size more than 140 mesh was the first to stratify among three suspensions. The smaller the particle sizes of coal fines, the more coal fines float on the top of the suspension, and the larger the particle sizes of coal fines, the more coal fines sink to the bottom of the suspension. The concentration of coal fines in the suspensions decreased to different degrees with the increase of the time. The concentration of coal fines decreased the fastest within 3 minutes after stopping the stirring. The concentration of coal fines with the particle sizes of 70 to 140 mesh in suspension was the largest among three suspensions. According to the particle size distribution curves, the process of aggregation and sedimentation of coal fines was divided into three stages: single peak to double peak(rapid floating and settlement of coal fines), double peak to single peak(rapid accumulation and settlement of coal fines) and single peak(slow sedimentation of coal fines). Coal fines with particle size more than 140 mesh in the suspension was the first to reach the stage of slow sedimentation, and coal fines with particle size of 70-140 mesh in the suspension reached the stage of slow sedimentation at the latest among three suspensions. The mechanism of aggregation and sedimentation of coal fines was discussed from the aspects of the force of coal fines, the extended DLVO theory, and the organic molecular structure of coal fines. The coal samples contain a large number of hydrophobic groups, such as aliphatic hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon, therefore, they have strong hydrophobicity and low wettability. With the decrease of particle sizes of coal fines, its specific surface area increases significantly, and a large amount of air is absorbed on the surface of coal fines, forming an air film. At the same time, particles of coal fines are adsorbed and aggregated with each other, and many micro pores are formed inside, resulting in that coal fines with small particle size is easy to aggregate and float on the suspension surface.

Progressive Gas Extraction Technology In Broken Soft Coal Seam Of Qinglong Coal Mine, Guizhou Province, Liang Daofu, Cao Jianming, Dai Mao, Chu Zhiwei, Zhang Lei

Coal Geology & Exploration

Aiming at the problems of uncontrollable trajectory, shallow borehole depth and poor gas extraction effect in gas treatment drilling of broken soft coal seam in Qinglong coal mine, the regional progressive gas extraction technology in broken soft coal seam based on compressed-air directional drilling was proposed, on the basis of analyzing the technical bottleneck of existing gas extraction borehole with rotary drilling. The principle and advantage of the technology was expounded, the technology of directional drilling by compressed-air, the technology of long distance in-seam drilling, and the technology of compound slag discharge by double power were integrated. The field test …

Discussion On The Three-Dimensional Development Model Of The Old Well Pattern In Coalbed Methane Field, Li Jun, Zhang Cong, Zhang Jianguo, Peng He, Cui Xinrui, Zhu Min

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to increase the degree of production of CBM development blocks, when the production of a single well enters a decline period, the development plan needs to be adjusted, and the production increase and stability can be achieved through the measures such as layer adjustment or layer compensation. In terms of time, it is believed that the main coal seam should be developed first when it is put into production. After the decline period, the secondary main coal seam should be supplemented and combined; in space, combined with the development dynamics, the analytic hierarchy process is used to determine …

Development Characteristics Of Water-Conducting Fractured Zone In Deep Coal Seam Based On Microseismic Monitoring, Hou Enke, Fan Jichao, Xie Xiaoshen, Long Tianwen, Zhang Huanlan, Wang Jianhui, Fan Zhigang

Coal Geology & Exploration

The development height of the water conducting fractured zone is one of the important technical parameters for mine water hazards prediction. In this paper, the combined well-surface microseismic monitoring technology was used to analyze the development characteristics of the water conducting fractured zone in working face 4103 in Wenjiapo coal mine. The results showed that for deep buried coal seams, the microseismic events occured in the advance mining face with advanced influence angle ranging from the minimum of 28° to the maximum of 35°. The stability of overburden decreased due to the faults. Thus, compared with normal bedrock, the overburden …

Microseismic Vector Scanning-Based Natural Fracture Monitoring Of The Coalbed Methane Wells, Liu Zixiong

Coal Geology & Exploration

The development degree of natural fractures is the main factor affecting coalbed methane productivity. In order to accurately obtain the distribution position of the natural fractures in the a coalbed methane field in the southern Qinshui basin, 7 refracturing wells in the area were adopted by surface microseismic vector scanning to monitor the natural fractures. A certain amount of three-component geophones were deployed around the fracturing well to collect microseismic events in the surrounding reservoir during fracturing, and after Semblance superposition, the fracture energy slices at different times in the monitoring area were obtained to explain the natural fractures in …

Sedimentary Response To The Uplift Of The Liupan Shan Since The Late Pleistocene And Its Environmental Effects, Ma Zhaoying, Dong Xiaopeng, Zhang Qing, Cui Jiawei

Coal Geology & Exploration

Liupan Shan lies between the Tibetan plateau and Ordos block and has been under the remote effect of the northeastward extension of the Tibetan plateau. The former research about the uplift of Liupan Shan mainly focused on the petrology, structural deformation or tectonic evolution study from the Cretaceous to early period of Cenozoic. However, the Late Pleistocene geological study closely connected with the human activities was rarely mentioned. In this study, we carried out systematic sedimentary research in the Qingshuihe basin adjacent to the Liupan Shan tectonic belt, re-determine the sedimentary sequence at first, then reverse the uplift history of …

Method And Practice Of Quality Test After Grouting In Coal Mine Goaf, Liu Xiaoping, Li Shan, Liu Xinxing, Cao Xiaoyi, Wang Yutao

Coal Geology & Exploration

Grouting quality test is the key technology for efficient development and utilization of waste land in the goaf of a coal mine, it is of great significance to evaluate the stability of the site and the safety of construction after goaf management. Based on many engineering practices, this paper summarizes the evaluation method of the qualified standards of the grouting quality and the errors existed in the testing work. The results proved that the quality inspection after grouting is a systematic work. The test method could be optimized according to the characteristics of the construction and grouting design requirements, following …

Review Of The Tight Radius Drilling Technology Based On High Pressure Water Jet, Fan Yao, Zhang Qun

Coal Geology & Exploration

Tight radius drilling technology based on high pressure water jet is an important technical means to realize low-cost and efficient development of oil and gas resources. According to the research and application of tight radius drilling technology based on high pressure water jet, the equipment buildup, drilling theory, technical process and application effect of three tight radius drilling technologies and equipments(i.e., forging milling and reaming hydraulic type, forging milling and reaming jet thrust type and casing window type) are summarized systematically, and the advantages, disadvantages and adaptability of different technologies are included. From the point of view of increasing production …

Progress In The Research On The Raw Materials And The Preparation Techniques Of Coal-Based Graphene, Li Ruiqing, Tang Yuegang, Huan Xuan, Fan Jiangtao, Che Qili

Coal Geology & Exploration

Graphene is an emerging carbon nanomaterial in the 21st century, has excellent properties and shows great application potential in many fields. Coal is the most abundant and the cheapest carbon source with unique structure and material composition. The application of coal in the development and the application of new carbonaceous materials such as graphene and their composites is a work worthy of further exploration. The development of coal-based graphene can both promote the clean utilization of coal and enhance the added value of coal resources. In this paper, the research developments in coal structure, the mechanism of coal graphitization, as …

H2S Occurrence Conditions And Genetic Types Of Low Rank Bituminous Coal In Binchang Mining Area, Liu Huibin, He Wanying, Jiang Bo

Coal Geology & Exploration

Based on the analysis of geological characteristics of the study area, it is considered that the geological conditions of H₂S occurrence are the capping effect of dense surrounding rock on the roof and floor, the water-conducting fractured zone is unable to guide the overlying aquifer, and the low degree of coal metamorphism is not conducive to H₂S adsorption, resulting in maximum H₂S concentration of about 0.001 4% in the main mined coal seam 4 during the construction of Yadian mine at the north of Binchang mining area. Through the analysis of sulfur distribution, sulfate …

Geological Modeling-Based Productivity Response Characteristics Of The Cbm Well In Baode Unitⅰ, Chen Bo, Tang Dazhen, Lin Wenji, Li Song, Zhong Guanghao, Zhu Xueguang

Coal Geology & Exploration

Coalbed methane resource conditions and reservoir physical conditions are the basis of CBM exploration and exploitation. The geological modeling of CBM reservoir was carried out to clarify the spatial distribution of coal reservoir, and explain the difference of single well productivity, which can provide theoretical basis for selection and well drilling. This paper took Baode unit I as research object. Based on the measured data of gas content and well test permeability, the inversion model of gas content and permeability in the study area was established by using support vector machine algorithm(SVM) and transformed F-S permeability calculation formula, and the …

Quantitative Evaluation Of The Contamination Degree Of The Drilling Fluid For Fractures Of Different Scale In Coal, Zhang Jingshuo, Ni Xiaoming, Li Yang, Li Zongyuan, Cao Yunxing

Coal Geology & Exploration

During coalbed methane well drilling, the drilling fluid contaminates and blocks the pores and fractures of coal seam. In order to find out the difference of pollution degree of drilling fluid coal and the contribution rate of the pores and fractures of different scale to permeability, the coal of Changping mine was taken as the research object, the scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the Image Pro Plus(IPP) processing technology were used, the parameters such as the average length, the average width, the total area and the total perimeter of the fractures of different scales in coal before and after contamination were …

Hydrochemical Characteristics And Formation Mechanism Of Ordovician Limestone Water In Baode Coal Mine, Zhang Zeyuan, Xu Feng, Wang Shidong, Liu Qisheng

Coal Geology & Exploration

Ordovician limestone karst water is the main threatening water source for mining activities in Baode coal mine, and it is one of the main water supply sources. Ordovician limestone karst water samples were systematically collected in Baode coal mine, and the methods of correlation analysis, ion proportional coefficient, saturation index inversion simulation and Chlor-Alkali index were chosen to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics and its formation mechanism. The results showed that the water quality types of Ordovician limestone water changed from runoff zone to stagnant zone in a trend of HCO₃-Na(Na·Ca)→HCO₃·Cl-Na·Ca(Ca·Mg)→Cl-Na(Na·Ca). The mass concentration of each ion …

The Pca-Logistic Method For Identification Of Water Burst In Nalinhe No.2 Coal Mine, Ji Zhuochen, Ding Xiang, Hou Enke, Pu Zhiguo, Xie Peng

Coal Geology & Exploration

Nalinhe No.2 coal mine is the first pair of large-scale mines in the Nalinhe mining area. The water inrush events occur from time to time due to its own complex hydrogeological conditions and strong disturbance of excavation in the initial stage of production, which has caused serious threat to the mining activity safety. Finding the source of gushing water quickly and effectively is the key to control the mine water disaster. Based on the water quality analysis of main aquifers and goaf water samples in Nalinhe No.2 coal mine, and drawing the piper trilinear nomograph water samples, the hydrogeochemical characteristics …

Experimental Study On Bearing Characteristics Of Filled Piers In Coal Mine Goaf, Zhu Shibin

Coal Geology & Exploration

The high concentration slurry is poured into the goaf to form filled piers. The bearing capacity of the piers to the superstructure are affected by the overlap size. In order to grasp the influence of the overlap size on the bearing capacity of the overlying rock layer, high concentration slurry was prepared which selected cement as the cementing material, standard sand as the aggregate. 3D printing technology was used to make the mold to produce the overlapped round table samples. The uniaxial compression test was carried out. Test results show that, when the top area and height of each single …

Expansion Mechanism And Control Measures Of High Concentration Slurry Filling In Cavity Goaf Of Coal Mine, Wu Boqiang, Wang Xiaodong, Zhu Shibin

Coal Geology & Exploration

The filling expansion mechanism and control measures of high concentration slurry in goaf is one of the difficult problems to be solved in the filling treatment of cavity goaf. Based on this, combined with the high concentration slurry transportation and rheological theory, a high concentration slurry filling process model was constructed to reveal its expansion mechanism, the dynamic and resistance calculation methods of filling expansion process were studied, the main influencing factors and control methods of filling accumulation body morphology were determined, and the theoretical results were verified by outdoor filling test.The results show that the the relative error between …

Damaged Constitutive Model Of Frozen Sand Under The Influence Of Intermediate Principal Stress, Ma Shilong, Yao Zhaoming, Liu Shuang, Pan Xuan

Coal Geology & Exploration

Artificial freezing is a commonly used method for stopping water and providing temporary support during the excavation of saturated sand. This study on the damage characteristics of frozen soil lays the foundation for the analysis of the mechanical properties of frozen soil and the stability of frozen bodies. In order to study the damage mechanical properties of frozen sand, three-dimensional laboratory tests on frozen sand with different intermediate principal stress coefficients were carried out at -5℃. Based on the Weibull random distribution of micro element failure of frozen soil, the Drucker-Prager strength criterion was invoked as the statistical distribution variable, …

Numerical Experiment On Damage And Fracture Of Shale Based On Micro-Scale, Cui Hengtao, Wu Zhonghu, Lou Yili, Zuo Yujun, Sun Wenjibin, Liu Hao

Coal Geology & Exploration

Correctly understanding the micro-scale fracture characteristics of the Lower Cambrian shale and the evolution law of acoustic emission signals are of great reference value in the study of shale mechanical characteristics, fracture mechanism and shale gas development and utilization. In this paper, based on digital image processing technology, the non-uniform characterization of quartz-filled shale is carried out, and a numerical model is established using the real rock fracture analysis system RFPA^2D-DIP to simulate the failure process of shale under different confining pressures. The test results show that under the micro-scale structure, the shale failure mode can be roughly …

Characteristics Of In-Situ Stress Field And Stability Analysis Of Roadway In Hongqingliang Coal Mine, Rong Hai, Han Yongliang, Zhang Hongwei, Xin Jinxin, Cao Yu, Lan Tianwei

Coal Geology & Exploration

The in-situ stress of 3-1 coal seam in Hongqingliang coal mine was measured by hollow core inclusion measurement, and distribution characteristics of in-situ stress field were obtained in order to solve the problem of serious deformation in mining roadway. Fault structures of grade Ⅰ-Ⅴ in Hongqingliang coal mine were divided by geo-dynamic division method, and the stress areas were divided and the stability of roadways was analysis by rock stress state analysis system. The research showed that the in-situ stress field in Hongqingliang coal mine belongs to the horizontal tectonic stress field, which is dominated by horizontal compressive stress. The …