Electronic Devices and Semiconductor Manufacturing Commons^™

Effect Of Fabrication Parameters On The Ferroelectricity Of Hafnium Zirconium Oxide Films: A Statistical Study, Guillermo A. Salcedo, Ahmad E. Islam, Elizabeth Reichley, Michael Dietz, Christine M. Schubert Kabban, Kevin D. Leedy, Tyson C. Back, Weison Wang, Andrew Green, Timothy S. Wolfe, James M. Sattler

Faculty Publications

Ferroelectricity in hafnium zirconium oxide (Hf_1−xZr_xO₂) and the factors that impact it have been a popular research topic since its discovery in 2011. Although the general trends are known, the interactions between fabrication parameters and their effect on the ferroelectricity of Hf_1−xZr_xO₂ require further investigation. In this paper, we present a statistical study and a model that relates Zr concentration (x), film thickness (t_f), and annealing temperature (T_a) with the remanent polarization (P_r) in tungsten (W)-capped Hf_1−xZr_xO₂. …

Amorphous Boron Carbide-Amorphous Silicon Heterojunction Devices, Vojislav Medic

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This dissertation will show successful development and characterization of amorphous boron carbide-amorphous silicon heterojunction device with potential for neutron detection. The amorphous hydrogenated boron carbide (a-BC:H) has been extensively researched as a semiconductor for neutron voltaic device fabrication. Naturally occurring boron contains 19.8% of boron isotope B¹⁰ that has a high absorption cross section of thermal neutrons at lower energies, and boron carbide contains 14.7% of that B¹⁰ isotope. Therefore, as a semiconductor compound of boron a-BC:H has the ability to absorb radiation, generate charge carriers, and collect those carriers. Previous work on a-BC:H devices investigated the fabrication …

Impact Of Silicon Ion Irradiation On Aluminum Nitride-Transduced Microelectromechanical Resonators, David D. Lynes, Joshua Young, Eric Lang, Hengky Chandrahalim

Faculty Publications

Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) resonators use is widespread, from electronic filters and oscillators to physical sensors such as accelerometers and gyroscopes. These devices' ubiquity, small size, and low power consumption make them ideal for use in systems such as CubeSats, micro aerial vehicles, autonomous underwater vehicles, and micro-robots operating in radiation environments. Radiation's interaction with materials manifests as atomic displacement and ionization, resulting in mechanical and electronic property changes, photocurrents, and charge buildup. This study examines silicon (Si) ion irradiation's interaction with piezoelectrically transduced MEMS resonators. Furthermore, the effect of adding a dielectric silicon oxide (SiO₂) thin film is …

Flux-Quanta Injection For Nonreciprocal Current Control In A Two-Dimensional Noncentrosymmetric Superconducting Structure, Serafim Teknowijoyo, Sara Chahid, Armen Gulian

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We designed and experimentally demonstrated a four-terminal superconducting device, a “quadristor,” that can function as a nonlatching (reversible) superconducting switch from the diode regime to the resistive state by application of a control current much smaller than the main transport current. The device uses a vortex-based superconducting-diode mechanism that is switched back and forth via the injection of flux quanta through auxiliary current leads. Our finding opens a new research area in the field of superconducting electronics.

Method Of Evanescently Coupling Whispering Gallery Mode Optical Resonators Using Liquids, Hengky Chandrahalim, Kyle T. Bodily

AFIT Patents

The present invention relates to evanescently coupling whispering gallery mode optical resonators having a liquid coupling as well as methods of making and using same. The aforementioned evanescently coupling whispering gallery mode optical resonators having a liquid couplings provide increased tunability and sensing selectivity over current same. The aforementioned. Applicants’ method of making evanescent-wave coupled optical resonators can be achieved while having coupling gap dimensions that can be fabricated using standard photolithography. Thus economic, rapid, and mass production of coupled WGM resonators-based lasers, sensors, and signal processors for a broad range of applications can be realized.

Geopolitics Of Semiconductor Supply Chains: The Case Of Tsmc, Us-China-Taiwan Relations, And The Covid-19 Crisis, Aditya Sehgal

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

As the demand for more advanced forms of technology continues to grow, so does the global importance and reliance on semiconductors. This research paper examines the impact of semiconductor shortages on both consumer and military production, as well as the geopolitical implications embedded within the global supply chain.

The paper begins by providing an overview of semiconductors, the global semiconductor market, and the impact of COVID-19 on the industry’s supply chain. It also discusses the importance of the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) in the industry and its role in addressing semiconductor shortages.

Next, the paper discusses the impact of …

Chatgpt As Metamorphosis Designer For The Future Of Artificial Intelligence (Ai): A Conceptual Investigation, Amarjit Kumar Singh (Library Assistant), Dr. Pankaj Mathur (Deputy Librarian)

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this research paper is to explore ChatGPT’s potential as an innovative designer tool for the future development of artificial intelligence. Specifically, this conceptual investigation aims to analyze ChatGPT’s capabilities as a tool for designing and developing near about human intelligent systems for futuristic used and developed in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Also with the helps of this paper, researchers are analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of ChatGPT as a tool, and identify possible areas for improvement in its development and implementation. This investigation focused on the various features and functions of ChatGPT that …

Utilizing Machine Learning Algorithm In Predicting The Power Conversion Efficiency Limit Of A Monolithically Perovskites/Silicon Tandem Structure, Moustafa Ganoub, Omar Elsaban, Sameh O. Abdellatif Dr, Khaled Kirah, Hani Ghali

Electrical Engineering

Tandem structures have been introduced to the photovoltaics (PV) market to boost power conversion efficiency (PCE). Single-junction cells’ PCE, either in a homojunction or heterojunction format, are clipped to a theoretical limit associated with the absorbing material bandgap. Scaling up the single-junction cells to a multi-junction tandem structure penetrates such limits. One of the promising tandem structures is the perovskite over silicon topology. Si junction is utilized as a counter bare cell with perovskites layer above, under applying the bandgap engineering aspects. Herein, we adopt BaTiO3/CsPbCl3/MAPbBr3/CH3NH3PbI3/c-Si tandem structure to be investigated. In tandem PVs, various input parameters can be tuned …

Transition-Metal Ions In Β-Ga2O3 Crystals: Identification Of Ni Acceptors, Timothy D. Gustafson, Nancy C. Giles, Brian C. Holloway, J. Jesenovec, B. L. Dutton, M. D. Mccluskey, Larry E. Halliburton

Faculty Publications

Excerpt: Transition-metal ions (Ni, Cu, and Zn) in β-Ga₂O₃ crystals form deep acceptor levels in the lower half of the bandgap. In the present study, we characterize the Ni acceptors in a Czochralski-grown crystal and find that their (0/−) level is approximately 1.40 eV above the maximum of the valence band.

Novel Materials And Devices For Terahertz Detection And Emission For Sensing, Imaging And Communication, Naznin Akter

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Technical advancement is required to attain a high data transmission rate, which entails expanding beyond the currently available bandwidth and establishing a new standard for the highest data rates, which mandates a higher frequency range and larger bandwidth. The THz spectrum (0.1-10 THz) has been considered as an emerging next frontier for the future 5G and beyond technology. THz frequencies also offer unique characteristics, such as penetrating most dielectric materials like fabric, plastic, and leather, making them appealing for imaging and sensing applications. Therefore, employing a high-power room temperature, tunable THz emitters, and a high responsivity THz detector is essential. …

Noncontact Liquid Crystalline Broadband Optoacoustic Sensors, Hengky Chandrahalim, Michael T. Dela Cruz

AFIT Patents

An optoacoustic sensor includes a liquid crystal (LC) cell formed between top and bottom plates of transparent material. A transverse grating formed across the LC cell that forms an optical transmission bandgap. A CL is aligned to form a spring-like, tunable Bragg grating that is naturally responsive to external agitations providing a spectral transition regime, or edge, in the optical transmission bandgap of the transverse grating that respond to broadband acoustic waves. The optoacoustic sensor includes a narrowband light source that is oriented to transmit light through the top plate, the LC cell, and the bottom plate. The optoacoustic sensor …

Behavior, Switching Losses, And Efficiency Enhancement Potentials Of 1200 V Sic Power Devices For Hard-Switched Power Converters, Ali Mahmoud Salman Al-Bayati, Mohammad Abdul Matin

Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Scholarship

Semiconductor power devices are the major constituents of any power conversion system. These systems are faced by many circumscriptions due to the operating constraints of silicon (Si) based semiconductors under certain conditions. The emergence and persistence evolution of wide bandgap technology pledge to transcend the restrictions imposed by Si based semiconductors. This paper presents a thorough experimental study and assessment of the performance of three power devices: 1200 V SiC cascode, 1200 V SiC MOSFET, and 1200 V Si IGBT under the same hardware setup. The study aims to capture the major attributes for each power device toward determining their …

Hinged Temperature-Immune Self-Referencing Fabry–Pérot Cavity Sensors, Jeremiah C. Williams, Hengky Chandrahalim

AFIT Patents

A passive microscopic Fabry-Pérot Interferometer (FPI) sensor includes a three-dimensional microscopic optical structure formed on a cleaved tip of the optical fighter using a two-photon polymerization process on a photosensitive polymer by a three-dimensional micromachining device. The three-dimensional microscopic optical structure having a hinged optical layer pivotally connected to a distal portion of a suspended structure. A reflective layer is deposited on a mirror surface of the hinged optical layer while in an open position. The hinged optical layer is subsequently positioned in the closed position to align the mirror surface to at least partially reflect a light signal back …

Method Of Making Hinged Self-Referencing Fabry–Pérot Cavity Sensors, Jeremiah C. Williams, Hengky Chandrahalim

AFIT Patents

A method is provided for fabricating a passive optical sensor on a tip of an optical fiber. The method includes perpendicularly cleaving a tip of an optical fiber and mounting the tip of the optical fiber in a specimen holder of a photosensitive polymer three-dimensional micromachining machine. The method includes forming a three-dimensional microscopic optical structure within the photosensitive polymer that comprises a two cavity Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI) having a hinged optical layer that is pivotally coupled to a suspended structure. The method includes removing an uncured portion of the photosensitive polymer using a solvent. The method includes depositing a …

An Archimedes' Screw For Light, Emanuele Galiffi, Paloma A. Huidobro, J. B. Pendry

Advanced Science Research Center

An Archimedes’ Screw captures water, feeding energy into it by lifting it to a higher level. We introduce the first instance of an optical Archimedes’ Screw, and demonstrate how this system is capable of capturing light, dragging it and amplifying it. We unveil new exact analytic solutions to Maxwell’s Equations for a wide family of chiral space-time media, and show their potential to achieve chirally selective amplification within widely tunable parity-time-broken phases. Our work, which may be readily implemented via pump-probe experiments with circularly polarized beams, opens a new direction in the physics of time-varying media by merging the rising …

Investigating The Capacitive Properties Of All-Inorganic Lead Halides Perovskite Solar Cells Using Energy Band Diagrams, Zahraa Ismail, Eman Farouk Sawires, Fathy Zaki Amer, Sameh Osama Abdellatif Dr

Electrical Engineering

Capacitance response of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be oppressed to deduce underlying physical mechanisms, both in the materials at external interfaces and in bulk materials. Accordingly, this paper investigates the Capacitance-Voltage (C-V) characteristic curves of cesium lead halides (CsPbX3: X = I, Br, or Cl) used as an active layer in PSCs. The SCAPS-1D simulator was used to harness the actual device (CsPbX3: X = I Br, or Cl) with material parameters from previous experimental work. The energy-band diagrams, J-V curves, and C-V curves of the three PSC structures were constructed and compared to carry out and investigate their …

Study The C-V Behavior Of Cesium-Lead Halides Perovskite Solar Cells Under Various Simulation Parameters, Zahraa Ismail, Eman Farouk Sawires, Fathy Zaki Amer, Sameh O. Abdellatif Dr

Electrical Engineering

Capacitance response of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be oppressed to deduce underlying physical mechanisms, both in the materials at external interfaces and in bulk materials. Accordingly, this paper investigates the Capacitance-Voltage (C-V) characteristic curves of cesium lead halides (CsPbX3: X = I, Br, or Cl) used as an active layer in PSCs. The SCAPS-1D simulator harnessed the actual device (CsPbX3: X = I Br, or Cl) with material parameters from previous experimental work. Three main simulation parameters were investigated: the thickness of the active layer, the doping, and the defects impacts.

8-Plate Multi-Resonant Coupling Using A Class-E2 Power Converter For Misalignments In Capacitive Wireless Power Transfer, Yashwanth Bezawada, Shirshak K. Dhali

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Misalignment is a common issue in wireless power transfer systems. It shifts the resonant frequency away from the operating frequency that affects the power flow and efficiency from the charging station to the load. This work proposes a novel capacitive wireless power transfer (CPT) using an 8-plate multi-resonant capacitive coupling to minimize the effect of misalignments. A single-active switch class-E² power converter is utilized to achieve multi-resonance through the selection of different resonant inductors. Simulations show a widening of the resonant frequency band which offers better performance than a regular 4-plate capacitive coupling for misalignments. The hardware results of …

The Uses Of A Dual-Band Corrugated Circularly Polarized Horn Antenna For 5g Systems, Chih-Kai Liu, Wei-Yuan Chiang, Pei-Zong Rao, Pei-Hsiu Hung, Shih-Hung Chen, Chiung-An Chen, Liang-Hung Wang, Patricia Angela R. Abu, Shih-Lun Chen

Department of Information Systems & Computer Science Faculty Publications

This paper presents the development of a wide-beam width, dual-band, omnidirectional antenna for the mm-wave band used in 5G communication systems for indoor coverage. The 5G indoor environment includes features of wide space and short range. Additionally, it needs to function well under a variety of circumstances in order to carry out its diverse set of network applications. The waveguide antenna has been designed to be small enough to meet the requirements of mm-wave band and utilizes a corrugated horn to produce a wide beam width. Additionally, it is small enough to integrate with 5G communication products and is easy …

Temperature-Immune Self-Referencing Fabry–Pérot Cavity Sensors, Hengky Chandrahalim, Jonathan W. Smith

AFIT Patents

A passive microscopic Fabry-Pérot Interferometer (FPI) sensor an optical fiber a three-dimensional microscopic optical structure formed on a cleaved tip of an optical fighter that reflects a light signal back through the optical fiber. The reflected light is altered by refractive index changes in the three-dimensional structure that is subject to at least one of: (i) thermal radiation; and (ii) volatile organic compounds.

Aptamer-Based Voltammetric Biosensing For The Detection Of Codeine And Fentanyl In Sweat And Saliva, Rosa Lashantez Cromartie

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Despite the many governmental and medicinal restrictions created to combat the opioid epidemic in the United States, opioid abuse and overdose rates continue to rise. The development of an aptamer-based voltammetric sensor and biosensor is described in this dissertation. The aim was to develop a low-cost, sensitive, and specific aptamer-based sensor for on-site, label-free determination of codeine and fentanyl in biological fluids. To do this, the surfaces of screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) were modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), followed by the addition of single-stranded DNA aptamers. These were covalently bound to the electrode surface. Operations of the sensors were collected …

Method Of Making Temperature-Immune Self-Referencing Fabry–Pérot Cavity Sensors, Hengky Chandrahalim, Jonathan W. Smith

AFIT Patents

A method of making passive microscopic Fabry-Pérot Interferometer (FPI) sensor includes forming a three-dimensional microscopic optical structure on a cleaved tip of an optical fiber that reflects a light signal back through the optical fiber. The reflected light is altered by refractive index changes in the three-dimensional structure that is subject to at least one of: (i) thermal radiation; and (ii) volatile organic compounds.

A Compact 1200 V, 700 A, Igbt-Based Pulse Generator For Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation In Vivo Laboratory Experiments On Small Animals, Daniel Senda, Haley Strong, Dustin Hines, Rochelle Hines, R. Jacob Baker

Psychology Faculty Research

An insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) pulse generator for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation used for in vivo laboratory experiments on small animals, such as mice, is reported. The pulse generator is based upon an IGBT that can switch 700 A of current for 1 ms and that has a DC breakdown voltage of 1200 V. The duration of the design’s output pulse is controlled by, and follows, an input trigger pulse. The voltage amplitude of the output pulses is determined by an external high-voltage power supply and the energy stored in a 330 µF capacitor bank. The approach enables the amplitude …

A Study Of Magnetism And Possible Mixed-State Superconductivity In Phosphorus-Doped Graphene, Julian E. Gil Pinzon

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Evidence of superconducting vortices, and consequently mixed-state superconductivity, has been observed in phosphorus-doped graphene at temperatures as high as 260 K. The evidence includes transport measurements in the form of resistance versus temperature curves, and magnetic measurements in the form of susceptibility and magnetic Nernst effect measurements. The drops in resistance, periodic steps in resistance, the appearance of Nernst peaks and hysteresis all point to phosphorus-doped graphene having a broad resistive region due to flux flow as well as a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition at lower temperatures.

The observation of irreversible behavior in phosphorus-doped graphene under the influence of a thermal …

The Effects Of The Transient And Performance Loss Rates On Pv Output Performance, Chibuisi Chinasaokwu Okorieimoh, Brian Norton, Michael Conlon

Conference papers

Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels experience long-term performance degradation as compared to their initial performance, resulting in lower like-per-like efficiencies and performance ratios. Manufacturers of solar photovoltaic modules normally guarantee a lifespan of more than 20 years. To meet such commitments, it is important to monitor and mitigate PV module degradation during this period, as well as beyond, to recognize maintenance and repair needs. Solar PV modules degrade over time, becoming less effective, less reliable, and eventually unusable. The effects of transient and performance loss rates on the output performance of polycrystalline silicon (p-Si) solar PV modules are the focus of …

Suppressing Bias Stress Degradation In High Performance Solution Processed Organic Transistors Operating In Air, Hamna F. Iqbal, Qianxiang Ai, Karl J. Thorley, Hu Chen, Iain Mcculloch, Chad Risko, John E. Anthony, Oana D. Jurchescu

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Solution processed organic field effect transistors can become ubiquitous in flexible optoelectronics. While progress in material and device design has been astonishing, low environmental and operational stabilities remain longstanding problems obstructing their immediate deployment in real world applications. Here, we introduce a strategy to identify the most probable and severe degradation pathways in organic transistors and then implement a method to eliminate the main sources of instabilities. Real time monitoring of the energetic distribution and transformation of electronic trap states during device operation, in conjunction with simulations, revealed the nature of traps responsible for performance degradation. With this information, we …

A Bibliometric Survey On Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna, Sumit Kumar, Amruta S. Dixit

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

In this paper bibliometric survey is presented on Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna. The Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna is a broad band and has symmetric E plane and H plane. It has been used extensively in radars, wireless communication and dual polarization applications. The antipodal Vivaldi antenna has significant researches in biomedical imaging, optical lens, Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) System, detecting cancer, 5G communications etc. The bibliometric analysis is done for the reason to understand the reach of antipodal Vivaldi antenna and performance enhancement analysis worldwide. The Scopus and web of science are used for accomplishing this survey. The study focuses on 449 documents …

Metamaterials In 5g Antenna Designs: A Bibliometric Survey, Hema D. Raut, Laxmikant K. Shevada, Rajeshwari R. Malekar, Amruta S. Dixit, Sumit Kumar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The demand of high gain and wideband compact antenna designs are gaining importance to fulfil the need of 5G communication systems. This has opened the doors for the researchers to explore 5G antennas incorporating metamaterials as they can meet the requirement of high gain and wideband compact antennas. Overview of various metamaterial-based antenna designs including Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG), artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC), Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) and Partially Reflective Surface (PRS) are discussed in the paper. The paper primarily focuses on bibliometric survey of various types of 5G metamaterial antennas in terms of number of documents published, leading universities …

Temperature-Immune Self-Referencing Fabry–Pérot Cavity Sensors, Hengky Chandrahalim, Jonathan W. Smith

AFIT Patents

A passive microscopic Fabry-Pérot Interferometer (FPI) sensor an optical fiber a three-dimensional microscopic optical structure formed on a cleaved tip of an optical fighter that reflects a light signal back through the optical fiber. The reflected light is altered by refractive index changes in the three-dimensional structure that is subject to at least one of: (i) thermal radiation; and (ii) volatile organic compounds.

A Bibliometric Survey On Ultra Wideband Multiple Input Multiple Output Antenna With Improved Isolation, Laxmikant K. Shevada, Hema D. Raut, Rajeshwari R. Malekar, Amruta S. Dixit, Sumit Kumar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Ultra wideband (UWB) technology remains a viable choice for very high speed data communication in future applications involving large bandwidth. For boosting the data communication efficiency and to mitigate the multipath fading issue faced by UWB system with existing narrowband systems, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna system is used along with UWB. Mutual coupling which must be smaller in value plays a vital role in deciding the efficiency of MIMO antenna and hence it becomes as important aspect. The mutual coupling reduction techniques of various UWB MIMO antennas are surveyed in this bibliometric paper. The bibliometric survey aims to …