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2020

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Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Low-Intensity Vibration Restores Nuclear Yap Levels And Acute Yap Nuclear Shuttling In Mesenchymal Stem Cells Subjected To Simulated Microgravity, Matthew Thompson, Kali Woods, Joshua Newberg, Julia Thom Oxford, Gunes Uzer Dec 2020

Low-Intensity Vibration Restores Nuclear Yap Levels And Acute Yap Nuclear Shuttling In Mesenchymal Stem Cells Subjected To Simulated Microgravity, Matthew Thompson, Kali Woods, Joshua Newberg, Julia Thom Oxford, Gunes Uzer

Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Reducing the musculoskeletal deterioration that astronauts experience in microgravity requires countermeasures that can improve the effectiveness of otherwise rigorous and time-expensive exercise regimens in space. The ability of low-intensity vibrations (LIV) to activate force-responsive signaling pathways in cells suggests LIV as a potential countermeasure to improve cell responsiveness to subsequent mechanical challenge. Mechanoresponse of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), which maintain bone-making osteoblasts, is in part controlled by the “mechanotransducer” protein YAP (Yes-associated protein), which is shuttled into the nucleus in response to cyto-mechanical forces. Here, using YAP nuclear shuttling as a measurement outcome, we tested the effect of 72 h …

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Preparing For A Driverless Future, Daniel P. Piatkowski, Santosh Pitla, Joe Luck, Josephine K. Hazelton Dec 2020

Preparing For A Driverless Future, Daniel P. Piatkowski, Santosh Pitla, Joe Luck, Josephine K. Hazelton

Nebraska Department of Transportation: Research Reports

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are widely considered to be the future of surface transportation in the United States, but little is understood about how people will interact with these vehicles, what they will use them for, and how they will impact our roads. However, farmers have been interacting with some degree of AV technology, primarily auto-guidance, in Nebraska for at least the last 10 years. The research in Section 1 first utilizes in-depth qualitative interviews to understand farmers’ experiences with using highly automated technology in order to inform adoption and diffusion patterns of AVs. The findings in Section 1 lead to …

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Deep Learning Models For Bridge Deck Evaluation Using Impact Echo, Sattar Dorafshan, Hoda Azari Dec 2020

Deep Learning Models For Bridge Deck Evaluation Using Impact Echo, Sattar Dorafshan, Hoda Azari

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

Impact echo (IE) is a common nondestructive evaluation (NDE) method to detect subsurface defects in concrete bridge decks. The conventional approach for analyzing the IE data requires user expertise to define analysis parameters that could hinder broad field implementation. In this paper, the feasibility of using deep learning models for autonomous subsurface defect detection in bridge decks using IE has been investigated. A set of eight laboratory-made reinforced concrete bridge specimens with artificial defects were constructed at the Federal Highway Administration Advanced Sensing Technology NDE laboratory. A total number of 2016 of IE data was collected from these specimens. A …

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Developing A Medium-Voltage Three-Phase Current Compensator Using Modular Switching Positions, Vinson Jones Dec 2020

Developing A Medium-Voltage Three-Phase Current Compensator Using Modular Switching Positions, Vinson Jones

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this thesis is to present the context, application, theory, design, construction, and testing of a proposed solution to unbalanced current loading on three-phase four-wire systems. This solution, known as the Medium-Voltage Unbalanced Current Static Compensator or MV-UCSC, is designed to recirculate currents between the three phases of adistribution system. Through this redistribution of the currents negative- and zero-sequence current components are eliminated and a balanced load is seen upstream from the point of installation. The MV-UCSC as it operates in the distribution system is presented followed by its effect on traditional compensation equipment. The construction of the …

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Multilayered Transmission Lines, Antennas And Phased Arrays With Structurally Integrated Control Electronics Using Additive Manufacturing, Merve Kacar Dec 2020

Multilayered Transmission Lines, Antennas And Phased Arrays With Structurally Integrated Control Electronics Using Additive Manufacturing, Merve Kacar

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation presents high-performance transmission lines, antennas, and phased arrays with novel packaging techniques by harnessing design flexibilities of additive manufacturing (AM). AM enables realizing multilayered RF electronics with complex geometrical structures that are not practical using conventional fabrication methods. Design flexibilities offered by AM as customized dielectric shapes/thicknesses, dielectric properties, metallization on conformal surfaces, and structural packaging are harnessed for multilayered RF applications. Although several works demonstrated the viability of AM for antenna realizations, its capability for addressing the needs of wideband, high radiation efficiency antenna systems packaged with active RF circuit components remains relatively unexplored. The first major …

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Additive Manufacturing-Enabled Design, Manufacturing, And Lifecycle Performance, Tao Peng, Yi Zhu, Ming Leu, David Bourell Dec 2020

Additive Manufacturing-Enabled Design, Manufacturing, And Lifecycle Performance, Tao Peng, Yi Zhu, Ming Leu, David Bourell

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

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Evaluation Of Accumulated Strain From Both Cyclic Triaxial And Static Creep Tests On Unbound Pavement Materials, Amir Mohammad Sajjadi Dec 2020

Evaluation Of Accumulated Strain From Both Cyclic Triaxial And Static Creep Tests On Unbound Pavement Materials, Amir Mohammad Sajjadi

Theses and Dissertations

In this research, the behavior of Limerock (LR) aggregates blended with different reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) materials were investigated as an unbound base layer. Various combinations of LR and RAP, including 100%LR, 25%RAP75%LR, 50%RAP50%LR, and 100%RAP, were evaluated. Three main experiments performed on the samples were: static creep, static triaxial test, and cyclic triaxial test. The cyclic triaxial test was performed to measure the resilient modulus (MR) of materials. The results of the static triaxial test for 100% RAP showed that the deviator stress at failure steadily increased by increasing the confining pressure, while the 100% LR showed a maximum …

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Application Of Compressive Sensing To Microwave Tomography, Rafael Gerardo Lopez Dec 2020

Application Of Compressive Sensing To Microwave Tomography, Rafael Gerardo Lopez

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Microwave tomography(MT) allows the safe, non-intrusive examination of the internal structureof an object by irradiating it with microwave signals and measuring how they get attenuated and diffracted as they propagate through the object. Measurement of these signals is difficult and slow, it depends on the objectâ??s physical properties and the test setup used for this. MT is based on a scanning process that yields measurement data with unique characteristics that make it difficult to process using standard computational methods. As the number of measurements needed for an image with acceptable resolution increases, the complexity of processing all the data becomes …

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Analysis Of Glass Transition Temperature Of Pcb & Substrate Using Dynamic Mechanical Analysis & Thermomechanical Analysis, Shristi Yadav Dec 2020

Analysis Of Glass Transition Temperature Of Pcb & Substrate Using Dynamic Mechanical Analysis & Thermomechanical Analysis, Shristi Yadav

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

Electronic Packaging materials and their properties examines the array of packaging architecture, outlining the classification of materials and their use for various tasks requiring performance over time. Glass transition temperature plays a vital role in the field of Electronic Packaging. It is the temperature range where the material changes from a rigid glassy material to a soft (not melted) material and is usually measured in terms of the stiffness or modulus. The commonly used component in today’s electronics world are PCBs and substrate which are an integral part of it. There are few known ways of finding out the Glass …

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South Dakota State University : Research 2020, Division Of Research And Economic Development Dec 2020

South Dakota State University : Research 2020, Division Of Research And Economic Development

State of Discovery South Dakota State University's Research Magazine

[Page] 2 New respirator design to capture, kill coronavirus
[Page] 3 SDSU scientists to examine how coronavirus infects cells
[Page] 4 State diagnostic lab fulfills need for human COVID-19 testing
[Page] 5 Isaacson to help develop tribal palliative care programs
[Page] 6 Sun Grant funding fuels bioprocessing research
[Page] 8 Prairie AquaTech exporting high-protein feed ingredient
[Page] 11 New connection makes building repair fast, cost-effective
[Page] 12 Record-setting wildfire season drastically increases emissions
[Page] 14 Engineering study examines sunflower stem growth
[Page] 15 State Poet Laureate unveils ‘South Dakota in Poems'
[Page] 16 Reineke receives NIH grant to help eradicate …

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Development Of A Single Emitter Ionic Liquid Ion Source Research Platform, Thomas V. Kerber Dec 2020

Development Of A Single Emitter Ionic Liquid Ion Source Research Platform, Thomas V. Kerber

Masters Theses

A single emitter ionic liquid ion source using porous borosilicate glass was developed. Two emitters with different radii of curvatures were tested using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMI-BF4). I-V curves of the currents on the extractor electrode and a collector plate were obtained for potential differences between the emitter and the extractor ranging from 0 V to 3500 V. For the first emitter chip, extraction began near 2400 V. The highest emission current measured on the first chip was 80 µA at 3500 V with an interception current on the extractor of 4.86 µA. An new collector plate was used …

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Synthesis And Characterization Of Non-Pgm Catalysts For Fuel Cell Applications, Sudharsan Sridhar Dec 2020

Synthesis And Characterization Of Non-Pgm Catalysts For Fuel Cell Applications, Sudharsan Sridhar

Masters Theses

Fuel Cells convert the chemical energy of a fuel and an oxidizing agent into electricity through a pair of redox reactions. Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells convert (efficiency-60%) hydrogen and air to power the electric motors with zero emissions, facilitating the development of environmentally friendly and sustainable automobile technologies. One of the major obstacles for larger commercial viability of Fuel Cells for automobile applications is their cost-effectiveness. Currently, fuel cells use platinum as a catalyst material, which is prohibitively expensive for commercial automobile applications. The development of non-Platinum Group Metal (non-PGM) catalyst materials with similar electrochemical performance to that …

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Dc House Network Design And Modeling, Timmy Huu Nguyen, Joseph Shafie Dec 2020

Dc House Network Design And Modeling, Timmy Huu Nguyen, Joseph Shafie

Electrical Engineering

Although electricity is a necessity for nearly everything in daily life, many developing countries are unable to provide easy access to this utility. Often times within these developing countries, many renewable energy sources exist that are readily accessible to these same people that don’t have access to electricity within their homes, such as solar energy. However, the nature of renewable energy is that most renewable energy lacks consistency in power delivery throughout the day. An example of this is that solar energy isn’t available during the night. These small communities are often comprised of people that are familiar with each …

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Smart Motor Syringe System, Conard Chan, Jenny Chiao Dec 2020

Smart Motor Syringe System, Conard Chan, Jenny Chiao

Electrical Engineering

Syringe pumps are widely used in many research applications especially in the applications that need precise control. Today most medical research utilizes syringes to control the fluid being pumped to the experiment objects. In most cases microscopic or nano-scopic motion control is required to acquire optimal results, such application includes purification of DNA/RNA from contaminants[1]. The high precision required to control the syringe pump makes it difficult to perform manually. This paper focuses on the design of an intelligent syringe pump motor control system to achieve reliable and precise control for biomedical experiments. This project improves medical research quality with …

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Simple Modification For An Apriori Algorithm With Combination Reduction And Iteration Limitation Technique, Adie Wahyudi Oktavia Gama, Ni Made Widnyani Dec 2020

Simple Modification For An Apriori Algorithm With Combination Reduction And Iteration Limitation Technique, Adie Wahyudi Oktavia Gama, Ni Made Widnyani

Knowledge Engineering and Data Science

Apriori algorithm is one of the methods with regard to association rules in data mining. This algorithm uses knowledge from an itemset previously formed with frequent occurrence frequencies to form the next itemset. An a priori algorithm generates a combination by iteration methods that are using repeated database scanning process, pairing one product with another product and then recording the number of occurrences of the combination with the minimum limit of support and confidence values. The a priori algorithm will slow down to an expanding database in the process of finding frequent itemset to form association rules. Modification techniques are …

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Segmentation Method For Face Modelling In Thermal Images, Albar Albar, Hendrick Hendrick, Rahmat Hidayat Dec 2020

Segmentation Method For Face Modelling In Thermal Images, Albar Albar, Hendrick Hendrick, Rahmat Hidayat

Knowledge Engineering and Data Science

Face detection is mostly applied in RGB images. The object detection usually applied the Deep Learning method for model creation. One method face spoofing is by using a thermal camera. The famous object detection methods are Yolo, Fast Region Based Convolutional Neural Networks (RCNN), Faster RCNN, SSD, and Mask RCNN. We proposed a segmentation Mask RCNN method to create a face model from thermal images. This model was able to locate the face area in images. The dataset was established using 1600 images. The images were created from direct capturing and collecting from the online dataset. The Mask RCNN was …

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Generating Javanese Stopwords List Using K-Means Clustering Algorithm, Aji Prasetya Wibawa, Hidayah Kariima Fithri, Ilham Ari Elbaith Zaeni, Andrew Nafalski Dec 2020

Generating Javanese Stopwords List Using K-Means Clustering Algorithm, Aji Prasetya Wibawa, Hidayah Kariima Fithri, Ilham Ari Elbaith Zaeni, Andrew Nafalski

Knowledge Engineering and Data Science

Stopword removal necessary in Information Retrieval. It can remove frequently appeared and general words to reduce memory storage. The algorithm eliminates each word that is precisely the same as the word in the stopword list. However, generating the list could be time-consuming. The words in a specific language and domain must be collected and validated by specialists. This research aims to develop a new way to generate a stop word list using the K-means Clustering method. The proposed approach groups words based on their frequency. The confusion matrix calculates the difference between the findings with a valid stopword list created …

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Authentication Based On Blockchain, Norah Alilwit Dec 2020

Authentication Based On Blockchain, Norah Alilwit

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Across past decade online services have enabled individuals and organizations to perform different types of transactions such as banking, government transactions etc. The online services have also enabled more developments of applications, at cheap cost with elastic and scalable, fault tolerant system. These online services are offered by services providers which are use authentication, authorization and accounting framework based on client-server model. Though this model has been used over decades, study shows it is vulnerable to different hacks and it is also inconvenient to use for the end users. In addition, the services provider has total control over user data …

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Analysis Of After Impact Characteristics And Structural Optimization Of Cfrp Composite Plate, Zhennan He Dec 2020

Analysis Of After Impact Characteristics And Structural Optimization Of Cfrp Composite Plate, Zhennan He

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Low-velocity impact (LVI) on composites may cause Barely Visible Impact Damage (BVID), which is one of the most common damage types and may result in a decrease in strength of the composite. The objectives of this research were (a) to identify the characteristics of a carbon/epoxy composite plate after low-velocity impact, (b) to create a validated model to simulate the impact process and progressive failure, and (c) to perform sizing and shape optimization of the laminate for improving the damage resistance of the plate. As a part of this thesis, composite plates were fabricated using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) …

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Foundations Of The Geometric Mechanics Udwadia-Kalaba Framework For Rigid Body Constrained Motion Analysis, Brennan S. Mccann Dec 2020

Foundations Of The Geometric Mechanics Udwadia-Kalaba Framework For Rigid Body Constrained Motion Analysis, Brennan S. Mccann

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Presented herein are multiple tools for constrained motion analysis extended to different dynamical frameworks. The Udwadia-Kalaba (UK) formalism for the constrained motion analysis of a point mass is a well-documented and applied methodology. Here, UK formulation is generalized to the dynamics of rigid bodies on nonlinear manifolds in the geometric mechanics framework. This approach simultaneously treats rotational and translational motion in a unified method without encountering singularites or non-uniqueness, issues that would arise were attitude parameterization sets used. The viability of this geometric mechanics UK formalism is demonstrated for the cases of fully and underconstrained systems. The nominal UK formalism …

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Relative Attitude Dynamics And Control Of Spacecraft Using Electrostatic Torque, John Galjanic Dec 2020

Relative Attitude Dynamics And Control Of Spacecraft Using Electrostatic Torque, John Galjanic

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Recent years have seen an increased interest in spacecraft formation flying, with many applications requiring that the members of these formations maintain specific relative attitude configurations. One low-cost method that has been considered to accomplish this is the use of electrostatic torques, which are generated by charging the surfaces of involved spacecraft to allow interaction without physical contact. The research presented in this thesis analyzes a pair of cylindrical-bodied spacecraft operating in deep space. Specifically, the suitability of using electrostatic torques as an actuator to synchronize the two spacecraft's attitude responses is under consideration. The study considers a simplified case, …

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Flexible Strain Detection Using Surface Acoustic Waves: Fabrication And Tests, Rishikesh Srinivasaraghavan Govindarajan Dec 2020

Flexible Strain Detection Using Surface Acoustic Waves: Fabrication And Tests, Rishikesh Srinivasaraghavan Govindarajan

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Over the last couple of decades, smart transducers based on piezoelectric materials have been used as sensors in a wide range of structural health monitoring applications. Among them, a Surface Acoustic Wave sensor (SAW) offers an overwhelming advantage over other commercial sensing technologies due to its passive, small size, fast response time, cost-effectiveness, and wireless capabilities. Development of SAW sensors allows investigation of their potential not only for measuring less-time dependent parameters, such as pressure and temperature, but also dynamic parameters like mechanical strains. The objective of this study is to develop a passive flexible SAW sensor with optimized piezoelectric …

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Parametric Analysis Of Particle Spreading With Discrete Element Method, Yuxuan Wu Dec 2020

Parametric Analysis Of Particle Spreading With Discrete Element Method, Yuxuan Wu

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

The spreading of metallic powder on the printing platform is vital in most additive manufacturing methods, including direct laser sintering. Several processing parameters such as particle size, inter-particle friction, blade speed, and blade gap size affect the spreading process and, therefore, the final product quality. The objective of this study is to parametrically analyze the particle flow behavior and the effect of the aforementioned parameters on the spreading process using the discrete element method (DEM). To effectively address the vast parameter space within computational constraints, novel parameter sweep algorithms based on low discrepancy sequence (LDS) are utilized in conjunction with …

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Numerical Analysis Of Multi-Functional Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor, Xin Xu Dec 2020

Numerical Analysis Of Multi-Functional Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor, Xin Xu

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

A surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor can have broad industrial applications due to its compact size, low cost-effectiveness, and versatility of sensible measurands, as well as the wireless capabilities. In this study, a theoretical modeling approach accompanied by a MATLAB-based algorithm of the SAW device is first presented. With the designed dimensional parameters and selected material properties, numerical analyses are performed using COMSOL Multiphysics to validate the theoretical results. Various postprocessing responses of the propagated SAWs in both time and frequency domains, such as time delay, insertion loss, and frequency shift, are examined to evaluate the device performances. Also, the …

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A Comparison Of Pid And Sliding Mode Controllers When Applied To The Orbit Raising Of A Satellite Using Solar Sail Propulsion, Kayla Marie Ormiston Dec 2020

A Comparison Of Pid And Sliding Mode Controllers When Applied To The Orbit Raising Of A Satellite Using Solar Sail Propulsion, Kayla Marie Ormiston

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Solar Sail spacecraft have become increasingly popular due to their ability to perform long term missions without the need for propellant. Because solar sail propulsion is so unique, most research has been focused on developing new mechanical control techniques. However, it can be argued that more advanced control algorithms can be used to mitigate the shortcomings of commonly used control actuators, specifically reaction wheels, when applied to solar sails. This thesis will research how a sliding mode controller compares to a PID controller with respect to settling time and state response error over a range of maximum reaction wheel torque …

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Extreme Response Analysis Of A Site-Specific Offshore Wind Turbine And Offshore Wind Farm Layout Optimization, Xiaosen Xu Dec 2020

Extreme Response Analysis Of A Site-Specific Offshore Wind Turbine And Offshore Wind Farm Layout Optimization, Xiaosen Xu

Theses and Dissertations

Offshore floating wind turbines have been developed in deep water where bottom-fixed offshore wind turbines are cost-prohibitive. Gulf of Maine has one of the greatest potential wind energy on the east coast. A detailed analysis of metocean data is essential for the dynamic simulation of the floating offshore wind turbine and the offshore wind farm layout optimization. Wave scatter diagram represents the joint probability of significant wave height and peak periods. In the wind energy industry, turbulence intensity is defined as the standard deviation of the horizontal wind speed divided by the average wind speed over certain time period. Uniform …

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Efficient Scheduling Of Plantation Company Workers Using Genetic Algorithm, Wayan Firdaus Mahmudy, Andreas Pardede, Agus Wahyu Widodo, Muh Arif Rahman Dec 2020

Efficient Scheduling Of Plantation Company Workers Using Genetic Algorithm, Wayan Firdaus Mahmudy, Andreas Pardede, Agus Wahyu Widodo, Muh Arif Rahman

Knowledge Engineering and Data Science

Workers at large plantation companies have various activities. These activities include caring for plants, regularly applying fertilizers according to schedule, and crop harvesting activities. The density of worker activities must be balanced with efficient and fair work scheduling. A good schedule will minimize worker dissatisfaction while also maintaining their physical health. This study aims to optimize workers' schedules using a genetic algorithm. An efficient chromosome representation is designed to produce a good schedule in a reasonable amount of time. The mutation method is used in combination with reciprocal mutation and exchange mutation, while the type of crossover used is one …

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A Review Of Accessing Big Data With Significant Ontologies, Jumah Y.J Sleeman, Jehad A.H Hammad Dec 2020

A Review Of Accessing Big Data With Significant Ontologies, Jumah Y.J Sleeman, Jehad A.H Hammad

Knowledge Engineering and Data Science

Ontology Based Data Access (OBDA) is a recently proposed approach which is able to provide a conceptual view on relational data sources. It addresses the problem of the direct access to big data through providing end-users with an ontology that goes between users and sources in which the ontology is connected to the data via mappings. We introduced the languages used to represent the ontologies and the mapping assertions technique that derived the query answering from sources. Query answering is divided into two steps: (i) Ontology rewriting, in which the query is rewritten with respect to the ontology into new …

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Convolutional Neural Network On Tanned And Synthetic Leather Textures, Faadihilah Ahnaf Faiz, Ahmad Azhari Dec 2020

Convolutional Neural Network On Tanned And Synthetic Leather Textures, Faadihilah Ahnaf Faiz, Ahmad Azhari

Knowledge Engineering and Data Science

Tanned leather is an output from complex processes called tanning. Leather tanning is an important step that used to protect the fiber or protein structure of animal’s skin. Another reason of tanning process is to prevent the animal’s skin from any defect or rot. After the tanning is complete, the leather can be applied to produce a wide variety of leather products. Thus, the leather prices usually more expensive because it takes longer time in process. Another way to get cheaper price is make non-animal leather that usually known as synthetic or imitation leather. The purpose of this paper is …

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Deepsea Coral Sample Container, Sara Passantino, Andrew Noble, Casey Smith, Thomas Smith Dec 2020

Deepsea Coral Sample Container, Sara Passantino, Andrew Noble, Casey Smith, Thomas Smith

Mechanical Engineering

In order to better understand the health of our oceans and the species that inhabit them, scientists often collect samples for later analysis onshore. The demanding deep-sea environment makes this collection process a challenging engineering task. Samples must first be located, then removed from the seafloor and stored for transportation to the surface. The performance of the engineered solutions that complete each of these tasks is critical in allowing marine scientists to maximize the insight obtained from their expeditions. Marine Applied Research and Exploration (MARE) is an organization that performs such collection of organisms with the help of remotely operated …

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