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Articles 2371 - 2400 of 8009

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Development Of Guidelines For Collecting Transit Ridership Data, Hong Yang, Kun Xie, Sherif Ishak, Qingyu Ma, Yang Liu Feb 2022

Development Of Guidelines For Collecting Transit Ridership Data, Hong Yang, Kun Xie, Sherif Ishak, Qingyu Ma, Yang Liu

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

Transit ridership is a critical determinant for many transit applications such as operation optimizations and project prioritization under performance-based funding mechanisms. As a result, the quality of ridership data is of utmost importance to both transit administrative agencies and transit operators. Many transit operators in Virginia report their ridership data to the Department of Rail and Public Transportation (DRPT) and the National Transit Database (NTD). However, with no specific guidelines available to transit agencies in Virginia for collecting ridership data, the heterogeneous mixture of diverse data collection methods and technologies has often raised concerns about the consistency and quality of …

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A Global Survey Of Infection Control And Mitigation Measures For Combating The Transmission Of Covid-19 Pandemic In Buildings Under Facilities Management Services, Hadi Sarvari, Zhen Chen, Daniel W. M. Chan, Ellyn A. Lester, Nordin Yahaya, Hala Nassereddine, Aynaz Lotfata Jan 2022

A Global Survey Of Infection Control And Mitigation Measures For Combating The Transmission Of Covid-19 Pandemic In Buildings Under Facilities Management Services, Hadi Sarvari, Zhen Chen, Daniel W. M. Chan, Ellyn A. Lester, Nordin Yahaya, Hala Nassereddine, Aynaz Lotfata

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

Facilities management along with health care are two important aspects in controlling the spread of infectious diseases with regard to controlling the outbreak of global COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, with the increasing outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of examining the relationship between the built environment and the outbreak of infectious diseases has become more significant. The aim of the research described in this article is to develop effective infection control and mitigation measures to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 pandemic in the built environment. This study seeks to answer the question of how the facilities management industry can help reduce …

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Designing And Implementing A Novel Graduate Program To Develop Transdisciplinary Leaders In Urban Sustainability, Megan M. Wallen, Ingrid Guerra-Lopez, Louay Meroueh, Rayman Mohamed, Andrea Sankar, Pradeep Sopory, Ryan Watkins, Donna R. Kashian Jan 2022

Designing And Implementing A Novel Graduate Program To Develop Transdisciplinary Leaders In Urban Sustainability, Megan M. Wallen, Ingrid Guerra-Lopez, Louay Meroueh, Rayman Mohamed, Andrea Sankar, Pradeep Sopory, Ryan Watkins, Donna R. Kashian

Biological Sciences Faculty Research Publications

Urban settings, where >50% of the world's population resides, are increasingly faced with environmental challenges that threaten their sustainability. Aging infrastructure, water and air pollution, and increasing recognition of environmental injustices highlight the need for professionals to employ complex scientific reasoning across disciplines where they can effectively address the multifaceted issues of urban sustainability. Here we present an innovative model for preparing the next generation of public, private, and academic leaders to address complex problems in urban sustainability. Specifically, we outline the design and implementation of an integrated, adaptable graduate training program, with the goals of science leadership, curriculum relevancy, …

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A Comparison Of Sporadic-E Occurrence Rates Using Gps Radio Occultation And Ionosonde Measurements, Rodney Carmona, Omar A. Nava, Eugene V. Dao, Daniel J. Emmons Jan 2022

A Comparison Of Sporadic-E Occurrence Rates Using Gps Radio Occultation And Ionosonde Measurements, Rodney Carmona, Omar A. Nava, Eugene V. Dao, Daniel J. Emmons

Faculty Publications

Sporadic-E (Es) occurrence rates from Global Position Satellite radio occultation (GPS-RO) measurements have shown to vary by a factor of five between studies, motivating the need for a comparison with ground-based measurements. In an attempt to find accurate GPS-RO techniques for detecting Es formation, occurrence rates derived using five previously developed GPS-RO techniques are compared to ionosonde measurements over an eight-year period from 2010–2017. GPS-RO measurements within 170 km of a ionosonde site are used to calculate Es occurrence rates and compared to the ground-truth ionosonde measurements. The techniques are compared individually for each ionosonde site …

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The Impact Of New Light Rail Service On Employment Growth In Portland, Oregon, Lahar Santra Jan 2022

The Impact Of New Light Rail Service On Employment Growth In Portland, Oregon, Lahar Santra

Dissertations and Theses

This study quantitatively examines the impact of the new Light Rail Transit (LRT) service on employment growth in retail, knowledge, and service sectors before and after opening the LRT. At the corridor level, this study conducts a case study of Greenline in Southeast Portland, Oregon. The results of the corridor level study suggest that the new LRT service increased employment along the Greenline corridor among all the three sectors of interest- retail, knowledge, service in the long-term (ten years) while having slightly different results for the short-term (five years), likely due to the slow growth of LRT benefits. This study …

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Preface To Topic “Build And Strengthen China’S Information Tech-System”, Guojie Li, Ninghui Sun Jan 2022

Preface To Topic “Build And Strengthen China’S Information Tech-System”, Guojie Li, Ninghui Sun

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Self-reliance and self-strengthening at high level does not depend on a single technique, but on the formation of an advantageous national tech-system, so called "country-as-a-platform". Information tech-system refers to the whole one that closely connects devices, components, complete machine, system software, middleware, and application software with a series of technical standards and intellectual property rights. We are entering the IT 3.0 era characterized by integration of human-cyber-physical world. The IT 3.0 era will certainly produce a new tech-system different from the IT 1.0 and IT 2.0 eras, which is a rare opportunity for China to build a self-reliance and self-strengthening …

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Thoughts On New It Technique System, Ninghui Sun Jan 2022

Thoughts On New It Technique System, Ninghui Sun

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The world is entering a new period of information society dominated by digital economy. To adapt to the requirements of the new development stage of China, and to achieve the key technologies development, it is necessary to accelerate the construction of a new selfreliance and self-improvement IT technique system. The article gives some thoughts on the demand, principle, and key method on above issues, and the new paradigm of research at Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

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From Chip Design To Chip Learning, Yunji Chen, Zidong Du, Qi Guo, Wei Li, Yijun Tan Jan 2022

From Chip Design To Chip Learning, Yunji Chen, Zidong Du, Qi Guo, Wei Li, Yijun Tan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Chip is the foundation of the modern information society. As the world is entering a new era of human-cyber-physical ternary computing, with diverse intelligent applications over trillions of devices, chip with specialized architecture will be heavily demanded in both numbers and types. However, chip design is very costly, which usually requires a long design cycle, complicated process, and high professional developers. Hence, there is a large gap between the need of tremendous chips and the high cost of chip design in the new era. This study proposes Chip Learning, a learning-based method to perform the entire chip design, including logic …

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Opportunities And Challenges Of Building Cpu Ecosystem With Open-Source Mode, Yungang Bao, Ninghui Sun Jan 2022

Opportunities And Challenges Of Building Cpu Ecosystem With Open-Source Mode, Yungang Bao, Ninghui Sun

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

RISC-Ⅴ has been obtained huge attentions and extensively invested over the past decade due to its exciting slogan that "Instruction Sets Want to be Free". Based on RISC-Ⅴ, we are able to build a "human community with a shared future" in the CPU chip area, although there are still many challenges. China should explore its capability to make more contributions in building the open-source chip ecosystem.

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Ubiquitous Operating System: Toward The Blue Ocean Of Human-Cyber-Physical Ternary Ubiquitous Computing Mei, Hong Mei, Donggang Cao, Tao Xie Jan 2022

Ubiquitous Operating System: Toward The Blue Ocean Of Human-Cyber-Physical Ternary Ubiquitous Computing Mei, Hong Mei, Donggang Cao, Tao Xie

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In response to the new patterns and scenarios of future human-cyber-physical ternary ubiquitous computing, a new kind of operating system named Ubiquitous Operating System (UOS) is emerging and under exploration for further development. The human-cyberphysical ternary ubiquitous computing has many new features, such as open and dynamic environment, diverse requirements, and complex application scenarios. New ubiquitous applications pose special demands on ubiquitous sensing and connection, lightweight computing and artificial intelligence, dynamic adaptation, feedback and control, natural human-computer-interaction, etc. To support these new requirements, a software definition mechanism is in need to flexibly control hardware, data resources, platforms, and applications. This …

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Thoughts On Innovation Of Future Network Architecture, Yunjie Liu, Tao Huang, Shou Wang Jan 2022

Thoughts On Innovation Of Future Network Architecture, Yunjie Liu, Tao Huang, Shou Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Currently, network technology is deeply integrated with the physical world. Traditional network architectures cannot support the differentiated, customizable, and deterministic needs of industrial Internet and other services. Exploring new network architecture and core technology has officially become the strategic commanding heights of the global Internet competition. To this end, the paper reviews the evolution and trends of the network, analyzes how to achieve high-performance, low-cost, intelligent network development strategies for establishing an autonomous and controllable future network. Two conclusions are drawn as follows. (1) Through the exploration of network construction in recent decades, integration, openness, intelligence, customization and integration of …

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Information Superbahn: Towards New Type Of Cyberinfrastructure, Zhiwei Xu, Guojie Li, Ninghui Sun Jan 2022

Information Superbahn: Towards New Type Of Cyberinfrastructure, Zhiwei Xu, Guojie Li, Ninghui Sun

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The world is entering a new era of human-cyber-physical ternary computing with diverse intelligent applications over trillions of devices. This calls for a new type of cyberinfrastructure characterized by a planet-scale, high-goodput, low-entropy computing network, colloquially named Information Superbahn. This article highlights the vision of Information Superbahn, including fundamental requirements, key scientific problems, and a candidate system architecture. The goal of building the Information Superbahn is to natively support humancyber-physical systems and low-entropy computing modes, to reduce the effects of systems disorder. Compared with existing network computing systems, such as Internet, cloud computing, big data and Internet of Things, Information …

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Improving Cyberspace Security Situation From Perspective Of “Talent, Finance And Infrastructure”, Binxing Fang Jan 2022

Improving Cyberspace Security Situation From Perspective Of “Talent, Finance And Infrastructure”, Binxing Fang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Cyberspace security has been an important part in ensuring economic development and supporting the progress of modern science and technology. As more and more applications are relying on information technology (IT), it becomes very important to improve the security situation of cyberspace. How to take effective measures to practically improve the cyberspace security situation has become the core problem disscussed in this paper. This paper addresses it from the perspectives of "talent, finance and infrastructure". First, on the premise of insufficient supply of cyberspace security talents, this paper proposes to establish the ability certification of talents transferred from other IT …

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Thinking On New System For Big Data Technology, Xueqi Chegn, Shenghua Liu, Ruqing Zhang Jan 2022

Thinking On New System For Big Data Technology, Xueqi Chegn, Shenghua Liu, Ruqing Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In recent years, there are such significant improvements on the performance and efficiency of big data technology and system. As it is widely applied in various fields, big data has empowered industrial intelligence, and is the key step into the intelligent stage of information society. Therefore, we are facing greater challenges nowadays, such as the paradox of data flooding and high-value data lacking, the complexity and uncertainty of big data analysis, and the difficulty to balance the data on sharing and circulation, and trustworthiness and security. Moreover, these challenges will not only promote the innovation and change of big data …

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Resilience Attributes Of Certificated Flight Instructors, David Cross, Kristine Kiernan Jan 2022

Resilience Attributes Of Certificated Flight Instructors, David Cross, Kristine Kiernan

Publications

The aviation industry has extensive vocabulary, data sources, and theoretical models to investigate human errors. However, the industry does not have commensurate ways to think about and analyze human success. Learning from successful routine operations is challenging because the corresponding common language and data streams are less robust. This paper explores the use of the critical incident debrief method to collect data on routine resilient performance among Certificated Flight Instructors (CFI). CFI thoughts and behaviors were coded in accordance with resilience theory. The critical incident debrief method is a valuable source of data for exploring resilient performance as it provides …

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Assessing Unstabilized Approaches: A Phenomenology Study Of The Risk Perceptions And Decision-Making Thought Process Of Collegiate Aviation Pilots, Shlok Misra, Jorge L.D Albelo, Victor Fraticelli Rivera Jan 2022

Assessing Unstabilized Approaches: A Phenomenology Study Of The Risk Perceptions And Decision-Making Thought Process Of Collegiate Aviation Pilots, Shlok Misra, Jorge L.D Albelo, Victor Fraticelli Rivera

Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering

The Federal Aviation Administration emphasized the need to focus on and develop human factors training as early as 1993 in official Human Factors Policy Order 9550.8. The purpose of this study was to conduct a detailed qualitative phenomenological analysis of the risk perceptions and decision-making model of collegiate aviation pilots for unstabilized approaches. The study focused on understanding how collegiate aviation pilots perceive unstable approaches, the risk associated with unstable approaches, and the factors that trigger pilots to execute a go-around. The International Air Transportation Association warns that continuing an unstabilized approach can lead to runway excursions, hard landings causing …

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Assessing Unstabilized Approaches: A Phenomenology Study Of The Risk Perceptions And Decision-Making Thought Process Of General Aviation Pilots., Shlok Misra, Jorge L. D. Albelo Ph.D., Victor Fraticelli Rivera Jan 2022

Assessing Unstabilized Approaches: A Phenomenology Study Of The Risk Perceptions And Decision-Making Thought Process Of General Aviation Pilots., Shlok Misra, Jorge L. D. Albelo Ph.D., Victor Fraticelli Rivera

Publications

The Federal Aviation Administration emphasized the need to focus on and develop human factors training as early as 1993 in official Human Factors Policy Order 9550.8. The purpose of this study was to conduct a detailed qualitative phenomenological analysis of the risk perceptions and decision-making model of collegiate aviation pilots for unstabilized approaches. The study focused on understanding how collegiate aviation pilots perceive unstable approaches, the risk associated with unstable approaches, and the factors that trigger pilots to execute a go-around. The International Air Transportation Association warns that continuing an unstabilized approach can lead to runway excursions, hard landings causing …

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2021-2022 Annual Security And Fire Report - Weatherford Campus, Southwestern Oklahoma State University Jan 2022

2021-2022 Annual Security And Fire Report - Weatherford Campus, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

ANNUAL SECURITY & FIRE REPORTS

This is the 2021-2022 Annual Security and Fire Report of the Weatherford Campus by Southwestern Oklahoma State University.

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The Effects Of Stem And Non-Stem Mathematics Corequisite Courses On Student Success At Public Institutions In West Virginia, Vanessa S. Keadle Jan 2022

The Effects Of Stem And Non-Stem Mathematics Corequisite Courses On Student Success At Public Institutions In West Virginia, Vanessa S. Keadle

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This study explored the differences in student success outcomes between students enrolled in non-STEM and STEM corequisite mathematics courses at 18 postsecondary institutions across five academic years in West Virginia, using de-identified student data. The researcher analyzed this extant data to determine if student characteristics were predictors of success, as defined as passing the mathematics corequisite course, retention to the next semester, and earning a GPA of 2.0 or higher. The researcher also conducted analyses to understand if the differences in those outcomes between STEM and non-STEM courses were significant. This study identified statistically significant gaps in success for students …

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Green Infrastructure In Parking Lot Retrofits, Delaney Sall, Julie Wildschut Jan 2022

Green Infrastructure In Parking Lot Retrofits, Delaney Sall, Julie Wildschut

Summer Research

The built environment poses significant risks to surrounding ecosystems. Impervious surfaces like roofs, roads, and parking lots do not allow rainwater to gradually filter into the soil. Instead, runoff often flows directly into storm drains and waterways —causing flooding, erosion and pollution. One way to mitigate these negative impacts is the installation of Green Infrastructure (GI), a variety of practices designed to infiltrate runoff into the soil, filter out pollutants, and provide habitat for native species. Because of the way urban areas developed, most commercial parking lots lack GI. If a property owner wants to use their space to help …

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Adapting The Human Factors Analysis And Classification System For Commercial Fishing Vessel Accidents, Peter Zohorsky, Holly Handley, Ronald Boring (Ed.) Jan 2022

Adapting The Human Factors Analysis And Classification System For Commercial Fishing Vessel Accidents, Peter Zohorsky, Holly Handley, Ronald Boring (Ed.)

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

The commercial fishing industry is frequently described as one of the most hazardous occupations in the United States. The objective, to maximize the catch, is routinely challenged by a variety of elements due to the environment, the vessel, the crew, and how they interact with each other. This study developed and evaluated a version of Wiegmann and Shappell’s (2003) Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), specifically for commercial fishing industry vessels (HFACS-FV), using data from ten years of fatal fishing vessel accidents. For this study, the accident investigation information was converted into the HFACS-FV format by independent raters and …

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A Primer On The Human Readiness Level Scale (Ansi/Hfes 400-2021), Kelly Steelman, Holly Handley, Katie Plant (Ed.), Gesa Praetorius (Ed.) Jan 2022

A Primer On The Human Readiness Level Scale (Ansi/Hfes 400-2021), Kelly Steelman, Holly Handley, Katie Plant (Ed.), Gesa Praetorius (Ed.)

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

"The Human Readiness Level (HRL) Scale is a simple 9-level scale for evaluating, tracking, and communicating the readiness of a technology for safe and effective human use. It is modeled after the well-established Technology Readiness Level (TRL) framework that is used throughout the government and industry to communicate the maturity of a technology and to support decision making about technology acquisition. Here we (1) introduce the ANSI/HFES 400-2021 Standard that defines the HRL scale and (2) provide concrete examples of evaluation activities to support the application of HRLs in the development of automated driving systems."

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Theorizing The Initial Response Of Countries In Bringing Covid-19 Pandemic Under Control: The Effect Of Change Readiness Of Countries, M. Mahdi Moeini Gharagozloo, Farinaz Sabz Ali Pour, Chen Chen, Mozhgan Moeini Gharagozloo Jan 2022

Theorizing The Initial Response Of Countries In Bringing Covid-19 Pandemic Under Control: The Effect Of Change Readiness Of Countries, M. Mahdi Moeini Gharagozloo, Farinaz Sabz Ali Pour, Chen Chen, Mozhgan Moeini Gharagozloo

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

Pandemic crises can bring the biggest and deepest shocks to countries around the world. In the first quarter of 2020, a global pandemic named “COVID-19” spread all over the world and not only took so many lives and created so much fear but also brought a tremendous financial pain as a result of shutting down economies to fight with this unknown contagious virus. This paper examines how countries’ change readiness enables them to bring the spread of an international crisis under control. We propose that higher levels of change readiness would help countries to cope with risks and uncertainties generated …

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Deepfakes: Ai Technology Of The Future, Hosanna Root Jan 2022

Deepfakes: Ai Technology Of The Future, Hosanna Root

Cybersecurity Undergraduate Research Showcase

Deepfakes technology’s danger stems from its ability to create realistic but fake synthesized media that people often identify as something that is real. With this powerful technology in the wrong hands, deepfakes can cause devastating havoc through information warfare, election campaign disruptions, and more, creating distrust in society. Disinformation is already rampant today, even without wide deployments of deepfakes, which is concerning given the fact that deepfakes’ nefarious full potentials are yet to be reached.

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Tolle Lege Works Published In 2022, Mcquade Library Jan 2022

Tolle Lege Works Published In 2022, Mcquade Library

Bibliographies

Compiled Tolle Lege bibliography of works published by members of the Merrimack College Community in 2022. Works include journal articles, books, book chapters, conference presentations and posters, and more.

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Academy Presidents And Institutional Members, Academy Editors Jan 2022

Academy Presidents And Institutional Members, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Table Of Contents, Academy Editors Jan 2022

Table Of Contents, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Seasonal Testicular Histology And Acystic Lobular Spermatogenesis In The Western Lesser Siren, Siren Intermedia Nettingi (Caudata: Sirenidae), Stanley E. Trauth Jan 2022

Seasonal Testicular Histology And Acystic Lobular Spermatogenesis In The Western Lesser Siren, Siren Intermedia Nettingi (Caudata: Sirenidae), Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

I investigated the seasonal testicular histology and acystic lobular spermatogenesis in the Western Lesser Siren, Siren intermedia nettingi, from periodic sampling of this salamander over a span of 21 yr (1994-2015) in northeastern Arkansas. My results include the following general findings: 1) the largest testicular lobules occurred primarily in January-February during spermiogenesis and spermatozoa maturation; 2) lobular regression and spermatogenic cell recrudescence were underway by late March; 3) proliferation of secondary spermatogonia in lobules was prominent in May; 4) transformation of secondary spermatogonia into primary spermatocytes occurred by mid-July, and these cells became larger in diameter through increased nuclear …

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Learning And Decision Making In Social Media Networks, Zhecheng Qiang Jan 2022

Learning And Decision Making In Social Media Networks, Zhecheng Qiang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Social media is a virtual community where users share news, ideas, interests, and information. Learning the information diffusion dynamics and making decisions correspondingly, e.g., selecting the seed nodes to maximize the influence, have been widely applied to the areas of viral marketing and cyber security. In this dissertation, we study the problem of learning diffusion process, i.e., infection prediction, in social media networks utilizing both feature-based machine learning methods and mathematical model-based methods. For feature-based machine learning methods, the neighborhood information is treated as an important feature together with user profile and content similarity features. For model-based methods, two distinctive …

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Timestamp Estimation From Outdoor Scenes, Tawfiq Salem, Jisoo Hwang, Rafael Padilha Jan 2022

Timestamp Estimation From Outdoor Scenes, Tawfiq Salem, Jisoo Hwang, Rafael Padilha

Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law

The increasing availability of smartphones allowed people to easily capture and share images on the internet. These images are often associated with metadata, including the image capture time (timestamp) and the location where the image was captured (geolocation). The metadata associated with images provides valuable information to better understand scenes and events presented in these images. The timestamp can be manipulated intentionally to provide false information to convey a twisted version of reality. Images with manipulated timestamps are often used as a cover-up for wrongdoing or broadcasting false claims and competing views on the internet. Estimating the time of capture …

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