Engineering Commons^™

Study Of Synaptic Properties Of Honey Thin Film For Neuromorphic Systems, Brandon Sueoka, Kuan Yew Cheong, Feng Zhao

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Besides conventional electrical properties, materials for emerging artificial synaptic devices in brain-inspired neuromorphic systems need to have properties analogous to those of biological synapses, such as synaptic plasticity. In this work, we investigated, for the first time, the synaptic properties of a natural bio-organic material – honey. The honey film was sandwiched between Ag and ITO to form a structure resembling biological synapse. Neural facilitation, an essential synaptic plasticity, was demonstrated by honey thin film with a larger facilitation index, wider interval time range and higher dynamic filtering gain than other natural bio-organic materials. The results indicate that honey is …

A Stub Equalizer For Bidirectional And Single-Ended Channels In Nand Memory Storage Device Systems, Taelim Song, Jongjoo Lee, Chulsoon Hwang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In memory devices, such as solid-state drive, multitopology is used for interfaces where multiple memory packages are connected to a controller using a branched transmission line. Impedance mismatching caused by the branches and unwanted reflection from deactivated packages inevitably degrades signal quality, limiting the data rate of the interface. In this article, a simple stub equalizer is proposed to improve the data rate of the memory interface. An open-ended stub is placed between a transmitter and a receiver, and the length, impedance, and location of the stub line are determined to properly cancel the reflection from other branches. Parameters are …

Efficient And Accurate Phase-Measurement Method For Core-Loss Characterization, Anfeng Huang, Jun Fan, Chulsoon Hwang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Accurate core-loss characterization is essential to push the power density of power converters to their limits. However, existing core-loss measurement methods still have some limitations, such as a slow test speed and a complex probe calibration procedure. In particular, accurate phase-difference measurement is time-consuming because a fast Fourier transform analysis with a kHz-range frequency interval is typically applied to reduce the influence of noise. An automated measurement system for magnetic core-loss characterization is described in this paper. An accurate phase-detection block with programmable attenuators is developed to measure the phase difference between voltage and current waveforms. The proposed system considerably …

A Statistical Mimo Channel Model For Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted Wireless Communications, Baiping Xiong, Zaichen Zhang, Hao Jiang, Hongming Zhang, Jiangfan Zhang, Liang Wu, Jian Dang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) consisting of a large number of programmable near-passive units has been a hot topic in wireless communications due to its capability in providing smart radio environments to enhance the communication performance. However, the existing research are mainly based on simplistic channel models, which will, in principle, lead to inaccurate analysis of the system performance. In this paper, we propose a general three-dimensional (3D) wideband non-stationary end-to-end channel model for RIS assisted multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, which takes into account the physical properties of RIS, such as unit numbers, unit sizes, array orientations and array configurations. By …

A Synergic Quantum Particle Swarm Optimisation For Constrained Combinatorial Test Generation, Xu Guo, Xiaoyu Song, Jian-Tao Zhou

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Combinatorial testing (CT) can efficiently detect failures caused by interactions of parameters of software under test. The CT study has undergone a transition from traditional CT to constrained CT, which is crucial for real-world systems testing. Under this scenario, constrained covering array generation (CCAG), a vital combinatorial optimisation issue targeted with constructing a test suite of minimal size while properly addressing constraints, remains challenging in CT. To the authors’ best knowledge, this paper presents a synergic method first based on quantum particle swarm optimisation (QPSO) for the CCAG problems. Three auxiliary strategies, including contraction-expansion coefficient adaptive change strategy, differential evolution …

Inertial Sensor Algorithm To Estimate Walk Distance, Vrutangkumar Shah, Carolin Curtze, Kristen Sowalsky, Ishu Arpan, Martina Mancini, James Mcnames, Mahmoud El-Gohary, Fay Horak, Patricia Carlson-Kuhta

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The “total distance walked” obtained during a standardized walking test is an integral component of physical fitness and health status tracking in a range of consumer and clinical applications. Wearable inertial sensors offer the advantages of providing accurate, objective, and reliable measures of gait while streamlining walk test administration. The aim of this study was to develop an inertial sensor-based algorithm to estimate the total distance walked using older subjects with impaired fasting glucose (Study I), and to test the generalizability of the proposed algorithm in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (Study II). All subjects wore two inertial sensors (Opals by …

Investigating The Variation In The Optical Properties Of Tio2 Thin-Film Utilized In Bifacial Solar Cells Using Machine Learning Algorithm, Ziad Khalifa, Sameh Abdellatif, Ahmed Fathi, Kareem Abdullah, Minatallah Hassan

Chemical Engineering

Among various solar cell architectures, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and perovskite solar cells have demonstrated the capability of being bifacial as both can be fabricated on conducting glass electrodes. In both cells, TiO2 plays a key role in the optoelectronic properties of the cell. Various studies have reported a range of recipes and deposition techniques for TiO2 thin films. Such variety introduces some uncertainties into the optical properties of the prepared films as well as in the process repeatability. Here, we utilized machine learning methods to correlate the film porosity to the film refractive index, making it capable of studying …

Acetate Solutions With 3.9 V Electrochemical Stability Window As An Electrolyte For Low-Cost And High-Performance Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries, Dao-Yun Lan, Xiao-Feng Qu, Yu-Ting Tang, Li-Ying Liu, Jun Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Low-cost and high-safety aqueous sodium-ion batteries have received widespread attention in the field of large-scale energy storage, but the narrow electrochemical stability window (1.23 V) of water limits the energy density of aqueous sodium-ion batteries. The “water-in-salt” strategy which uses the interaction between cations and water molecules in the solution can inhibit water decomposition and broaden the electrochemical stability window of water. In this work, two types of low-cost salts, namely, ammonium acetate (NH₄CH₃COOH) and sodium acetate (NaCH₃COOH), were used to configure a mixed aqueous electrolyte for aqueous sodium-ion batteries. The solution consisted of …

Synthesis Of Lithium-Rich Manganese-Based Layered Cathode Materials And Study On Its Structural Evolution Of First Cycle Overcharge, Chen-Xu Luo, Chen-Guang Shi, Zhi-Yuan Yu, Ling Huang, Shi-Gang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

Lithium-rich manganese-based cathode materials have become one of promising cathode materials due to their low cost and large discharge specific capacity exceeding 250 mAh·g^-1. However, their problems such as low coulombic efficiency of first cycle and apparent voltage decay influence commercialization process. The high charging voltage will cause instability of structure and increase the hidden danger of the battery. Therefore, structural evolution of first cycle at higher voltage needs to be further studied. In this work, the precursor was synthesized by the co-precipitation method, and the lithium-rich manganese-based layered cathode materials were prepared by lithium-mixed and high-temperature sintering, …

Progress Of Pt-Based Catalysts In Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: A Review, Long Huang, Hai-Chao Xu, Bi Jing, Qiu-Xia Li, Wei Yi, Shi-Gang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

Fuel cells are energy conversion devices that convert chemical energy directly into electricity. It has the advantages of high energy density, high utilization efficiency of fuel, clean and noiseless during working. Among all kinds of fuel cells, proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are most popular since PEMFCs function at near ambient temperature, while their power densities are higher than those of other fuel cells. Currently, Pt-based nanomaterials are still the unreplaceable catalysts in commercialized PEMFCs. The lack of low-cost and high-performance cathode catalysts is still one of key factors that hampers the commercialization of PEMFCs. In this review, the …

Advances Of Phosphide Promoter Assisted Pt Based Catalyst For Electrooxidation Of Methanol, Meng Li, Li-Gang Feng

Journal of Electrochemistry

Transition metal phosphide (TMP), as an ideal catalytic promoter in methanol fuel oxidation, has received increased attention because of its multifunctional active sites, tunable structure and composition, as well as unique physical and chemical properties and efficient multi-composition synergistic effect. Some advances have been made for this catalyst system recently. In the current review, the research progresses of transition metal phosphides (TMPs) in the assisted electrooxidation of methanol including the catalysts fabrication and their performance evaluation for methanol oxidation are reviewed. The promotion effect of TMPs has been firstly presented and the catalyst systems based on the different metal centers …

A High-Performance Continuous-Flow Mea Reactor For Electroreduction Co2 To Formate, Pei-Xuan Liu, Lu-Wei Peng, Rui-Nan He, Lu-Lu Li, Jin-Li Qiao

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO₂RR) is a promising approach to produce liquid fuels and industrial chemicals by utilizing intermittent renewable electricity for mitigating environmental problems. However, the traditional H-type reactor seriously limits the electrochemical performance of CO₂RR due to the low CO₂ solubility in electrolyte, and high ohmic resistance caused by the large distance between two electrodes, which is unbeneficial for industrial application. Herein, we demonstrated a high-performance continuous flow membranes electrode assembly (MEA) reactor based on a self-growing Cu/Sn bimetallic electrocatalyst in 0.5 mol·L^-1 KHCO₃ for converting CO₂ to …

Oxidative Efficiency Of Ozonation Coupled With Electrolysis For Treatment Of Acid Wastewater, Ze-You Hu, Feng-Yun Xiang, Ji-Qiang Mao, Ya-Lei Ding, Shao-Ping Tong

Journal of Electrochemistry

Establishment of an ozone-based advanced oxidation process (AOPs-O₃) for effective treatment of acid wastewater is an important and difficult task. The process of ozonation coupled with electrolysis (electrolysis-ozonation, E-O₃) has been reported to effectively degrade pollutants in neutral solution. We studied the efficiency of E-O₃ for degradation of acetic acid (HAc, an ozone inert chemical) in acid solution and found that E-O₃ had high oxidative efficiency at pH less than 3. For example, 52.2% of 100 mg·L^-1 HAc could be removed by E-O₃ in 120 min at pH 1.0, but only 2.2% …

Applications Of Unsupervised Machine Learning In Autism Spectrum Disorder Research: A Review, Chelsea Parlett-Pelleriti, Elizabeth Stevens, Dennis R. Dixon, Erik J. Linstead

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Large amounts of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) data is created through hospitals, therapy centers, and mobile applications; however, much of this rich data does not have pre-existing classes or labels. Large amounts of data—both genetic and behavioral—that are collected as part of scientific studies or a part of treatment can provide a deeper, more nuanced insight into both diagnosis and treatment of ASD. This paper reviews 43 papers using unsupervised machine learning in ASD, including k-means clustering, hierarchical clustering, model-based clustering, and self-organizing maps. The aim of this review is to provide a survey of the current uses of …

An Intelligent Distributed Ledger Construction Algorithm For Iot, Charles Rawlins, Jagannathan Sarangapani

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Blockchain is the next generation of secure data management that creates near-immutable decentralized storage. Secure cryptography created a niche for blockchain to provide alternatives to well-known security compromises. However, design bottlenecks with traditional blockchain data structures scale poorly with increased network usage and are extremely computation-intensive. This made the technology difficult to combine with limited devices, like those in Internet of Things networks. In protocols like IOTA, replacement of blockchain's linked-list queue processing with a lightweight dynamic ledger showed remarkable throughput performance increase. However, current stochastic algorithms for ledger construction suffer distinct trade-offs between efficiency and security. This work proposed …

A Comparison Of Sporadic-E Occurrence Rates Using Gps Radio Occultation And Ionosonde Measurements, Rodney Carmona, Omar A. Nava, Eugene V. Dao, Daniel J. Emmons

Faculty Publications

Sporadic-E (E_s) occurrence rates from Global Position Satellite radio occultation (GPS-RO) measurements have shown to vary by a factor of five between studies, motivating the need for a comparison with ground-based measurements. In an attempt to find accurate GPS-RO techniques for detecting E_s formation, occurrence rates derived using five previously developed GPS-RO techniques are compared to ionosonde measurements over an eight-year period from 2010–2017. GPS-RO measurements within 170 km of a ionosonde site are used to calculate E_s occurrence rates and compared to the ground-truth ionosonde measurements. The techniques are compared individually for each ionosonde site …

Assistive Technologies For Independent Navigation For People With Blindness, Howard Kaplan

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The necessity for individuals to navigate from location to location is essential to daily life. The majority of humans use sight as the main source for determining how to move through their environment. However, there is a large population of people who are either blind or living with low vision. Based on a 2017 National Health Survey there are around 27 million adult Americans that have experienced vision loss (National Center for Health Statistics, 2017). According to the Eye Diseases Prevalence Research Group there are 3.4 million Americans 40 years and older that are legally blind or visually impaired (EDPRG, …

Investigation Of The Effect And Contribution Of Process Parameters By Taguchi And Anova Analysis On The Morphological And Electrical Properties Of Rf Magnetron Sputtered Sio2 Over Si Substrate, Sajid Mahfuz Uchayash, Prosanto Biswas, Meah Imtiaz Zulkarnain, Ahmed Touhami, Nazmul Islam, Hasina Huq

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In this work, we applied Taguchi Signal-to-noise (S/N) analysis to investigate the effect of varying three process parameters, namely — sputtering power, working pressure and Ar gas flow rate on the surface, morphological and electrical properties of the RF sputtered SiO₂ over Si substrate. We also inspected the contribution of a particular process parameter on these properties by applying Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). SiO₂ thin films were fabricated over Si substrate using RF magnetron sputtering system. Three sets of inputs for the three mentioned process parameters were chosen; for power, we chose 100W, 150W and 200W; 5mTorr, 10mTorr …

Resolving The Three-Dimensional Rotational And Translational Dynamics Of Single Molecules Using Radially And Azimuthally Polarized Fluorescence, Oumeng Zhang, Weiyan Zhou, Jin Lu, Tingting Wu, Matthew D. Lew

Electrical & Systems Engineering Publications and Presentations

We report a radially and azimuthally polarized (raPol) microscope for high detection and estimation performance in single-molecule orientation-localization microscopy (SMOLM). With 5000 photons detected from Nile red (NR) transiently bound within supported lipid bilayers (SLBs), raPol SMOLM achieves 2.9 nm localization precision, 1.5° orientation precision, and 0.17 sr precision in estimating rotational wobble. Within DPPC SLBs, SMOLM imaging reveals the existence of randomly oriented binding pockets that prevent NR from freely exploring all orientations. Treating the SLBs with cholesterol-loaded methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD-chol) causes NR’s orientational diffusion to be dramatically reduced, but curiously NR’s median lateral displacements drastically increase from 20.8 to …

Recent Advances Of Wind-Solar Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems For Power Generation: A Review, Pranoy Roy, Jiangbiao He, Tiefu Zhao, Yash Veer Singh

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

A hybrid renewable energy source (HRES) consists of two or more renewable energy sources, such as wind turbines and photovoltaic systems, utilized together to provide increased system efficiency and improved stability in energy supply to a certain degree. The objective of this study is to present a comprehensive review of wind-solar HRES from the perspectives of power architectures, mathematical modeling, power electronic converter topologies, and design optimization algorithms. Since the uncertainty of HRES can be reduced further by including an energy storage system, this paper presents several hybrid energy storage system coupling technologies, highlighting their major advantages and disadvantages. Various …

Performance Prediction Of Underwater Acoustic Communications Based On Channel Impulse Responses, Evan Lucas, Zhaohui Wang

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Featured Application: Convolutional neural networks are used on the channel impulse response data to predict the performance of underwater acoustic communications. Abstract: Predicting the channel quality for an underwater acoustic communication link is not a straightforward task. Previous approaches have focused on either physical observations of weather or engineered signal features, some of which require substantial processing to obtain. This work applies a convolutional neural network to the channel impulse responses, allowing the network to learn the features that are useful in predicting the channel quality. Results obtained are comparable or better than conventional supervised learning models, depending on the …

Cellular Service With Settlement-Free Peering, Shahzeb Mustafa, Sayanta Seth, Murat Yuksel, Mostafizur Rahman

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Despite several iconic innovations in wireless networks, cellular service still remains largely unreliable with regards to non-urban network coverage. Cellular providers often need to make roaming agreements among each other for serving their customers with basic connectivity in areas where they do not have coverage. Considering all the technical limitations of domestic roaming, we present a “wireless peering” model for settlement-free spectrum sharing. It allows providers to extend their coverage to “off-network” regions without any hardware modifications. Its software-defined nature makes the model highly scalable, easy to deploy and cost-effective. Simulation results show a significant improvement in off-network wireless speed, …

Design And Fabrication Of A Low-Cost, Portable, Battery-Operated Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (Sers) Optical Device, Blessing Adewumi

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Raman Spectroscopy is a time-honored, non-invasive method for analyzing and identifying the molecular composition of materials. However, unenhanced Raman Spectroscopy has extremely low sensitivity which limits its sensing capability. SERS brings rough nano-metallic surfaces in contact with the material molecules to enormously enhance the Raman signals.

The sensitivity of SERS can be exploited in probe applications where the spectrometer needs to be brought near the specimen. For example, a long optical fiber coupled to a SERS device can be used to characterize and identify easy-to-reach cancerous tissues in organisms. Unfortunately, background signals in a long fiber can easily mask any …

A Neural Network Based Proportional Hazard Model For Iot Signal Fusion And Failure Prediction, Yuxin Wen, Xingxin Guo, Junbo Son, Jianguo Wu

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

Accurate prediction of remaining useful life (RUL) plays a critical role in optimizing condition-based maintenance decisions. In this paper, a novel joint prognostic modeling framework that simultaneously combines both time-to-event data and multi-sensor degradation signals is proposed. With the increasing use of IoT devices, unprecedented amounts of diverse signals associated with the underlying health condition of in-situ units have become easily accessible. To take full advantage of the modern IoT-enabled engineering systems, we propose a specialized framework for RUL prediction at the level of individual units. Specifically, a Bayesian linear regression model is developed for the multi-sensor degradation signals and …

Characterization Of Li-Ion Battery Internal Short Circuit Caused Failures Using Smart Nails, Guangsheng Zhang, Mary Long

Summer Community of Scholars (RCEU and HCR) Project Proposals

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of The Accuracy Of Different Pv Estimation Models And The Effect Of Dust Cleaning: Case Study A 103 Mw Pv Plant In Jordan, Loiy Al-Ghussain, Moath Abu Subaih, Andres Annuk

Mechanical Engineering Graduate Research

The estimation of PV production has been widely investigated previously, where many empirical models have been proposed to account for wind and soiling effects for specific locations. However, the performance of these models varies among the investigated sites. Hence, it is vital to assess and evaluate the performance of these models and benchmark them against the common PV estimation model that accounts only for the ambient temperature. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the accuracy and performance of four empirical wind models considering the soiling effect, and compare them to the standard model for a 103 MW PV plant in …

Optical Interferometric Force Sensor Based On A Buckled Beam, Yan Tang, Jing Guo, Yizheng Chen, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper reports a novel extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (EFPI)-based fiber optic sensor for force measurement. The prototype force sensor consists of two EFPIs mounted on a stainless-steel rectangular frame. The primary sensing element, i.e., the first EFPI, is formed between the endface of a horizontally placed optical fiber and a stainless-steel buckled beam. The second EFPI, fashioned between a longitudinally placed optical fiber and a silver-coated glass beam, is arranged to demonstrate the amplification mechanism of the buckled beam structure. When the sensor is subjected to a tension force, the pre-buckled beam will deflect backward, resulting in a longitudinal/axial displacement …

Development Of A Testing Station For Grid-Interactive Smart Inverter Systems, Yudong Lan

Dissertations and Theses

As renewable energy penetration increases within the electrical power grid, flexible power is required to ensure reliability. Reliability can be jeopardized by the fluctuation and non-dispatch ability of renewable generators. This instability is caused by an imbalance between the amount of power produced and the amount of power consumed. Grid-enabled battery inverter systems are considered a solution to offset voltage and frequency fluctuations, which arise due to this power imbalance.

The objective of this work is to develop a system for testing grid-enabled inverters. These inverters use one or more communication standards to control their interactions with the grid. This …

Highly-Individualized Physical Therapy Instruction Beyond The Clinic Using Wearable Inertial Sensors, Samir A. Rawashdeh, Ella Reimann, Timothy L. Uhl

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Musculoskeletal conditions, often requiring rehabilitation, affect one-third of the U.S. population annually. This paper presents rehabilitation assistive technology that includes body-worn motion sensors and a mobile application that extends the reach of a physical rehabilitation specialist beyond the clinic to ensure that home exercises are performed with the same precision as under clinical supervision. Assisted by a specialist in the clinic, the wearable sensors and user interface developed allow the capture of individualized exercises unique to the patient’s physical abilities. Beyond the clinical setting, the system can assist patients by providing real-time corrective feedback to repeat these exercises through a …

Design And Implementation Of Photovoltaic Energy Harvesting Automaton, Iskandar Askarov

Theses

Global domestic electricity consumption has been rapidly increasing in the past three decades. In fact, from 1990 to 2020, consumption has more than doubled from 10,120 TWh to 23,177 TWh [1]. Moreover, consumers have been turning more towards clean, renewable energy sources such as Photovoltaic. According to International Energy Agency, global Solar power generation alone in 2019 has reached almost 3% [4] of the electricity supply. Even though the efficiency of photovoltaic panels has been growing, presently, the highest efficiency solar panels available to an average consumer range only from 20%-22% [14]. Many research papers have been published to increase …