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Articles 32671 - 32700 of 36793

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Voice Command Controller, Hoang Nghia Nguyen Jan 2000

Voice Command Controller, Hoang Nghia Nguyen

Theses : Honours

Signal processing technology has been strongly developed and it has attracted interest from scientists and engineers around the world from the last decade. Speech synthesis and speech recognition are particular topic in the field that have been widely used and developed in many different area such as business, controlling, education and entertainment. The project's main objective is to study and develop an application program with the Speech SDK through design and implementation of Tele-Control system based on the commercial product of National Semiconductor: Carrier-Current Transceiver (LM 1893) and Speech development kit (Speech SDK4.0) from Microsoft Corporation. The project is suitable …

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An Efficient Algorithm To Determine The Periodic Steady-State Solutions Of Nonlinear Systems Using Extended Spectral Analysis, Gülay Tohumoğlu Jan 2000

An Efficient Algorithm To Determine The Periodic Steady-State Solutions Of Nonlinear Systems Using Extended Spectral Analysis, Gülay Tohumoğlu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

A new method for the solution of nonlinear periodic systems was developed. It avoids the time domain calculations of the whole network equations. In the proposed method, by forming the augmented network as linear and nonlinear subnetworks these subnetworks are formulated in complex frequency and time domain respectively. Using spectral analysis the steady-state periodic solution of the whole nonlinear network is reached by an iterative approach. The method can be applied efficiently to weak and strong nonlinear circuits equally well. When we divide the network into a large linear subnetwork and a small nonlinear subnetwork, this method can be applied …

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Implementations Of Bidirectional Reordering Algorithms, Steven Atkin, Ryan Stansifer Jan 2000

Implementations Of Bidirectional Reordering Algorithms, Steven Atkin, Ryan Stansifer

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

The goal of this paper is to contribute to a deeper understanding of the Unicode Bidirectional Reference Algorithm. We have provided an alternative reference algorithm written in the functional language Haskell. The advantage of Haskell is it allows for a short, clear description of a complex problem. We have run our algorithm, the two Unicode reference implementations, and four others (ICU, PGBA, FriBidi, JDK 1.2) to test for compliance with the published standard. Conclusions are difficult to reach, but problems were found in the implementations and descriptions and above all with a character-stream to character-stream interpretation of the display of …

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Integration Of Battery Energy Storage With Flexible Ac Transmission System Devices, Zhiping Yang Jan 2000

Integration Of Battery Energy Storage With Flexible Ac Transmission System Devices, Zhiping Yang

Doctoral Dissertations

"This dissertation, consisting of five papers, presents the results of research on the incorporation of battery energy storage into a Static Synchronous Compensator (StatCom). The main contribution of this body of work is the establishment of the modeling and control of the StatCom/BESS in power system dynamic applications. The first paper is focused on the steady state characteristics of the StatCom and StatCom/BESS. The characteristic curves of output voltage and output power were proposed and used in comparing the functionality of the StatCom and StatCom/BESS. In the second paper, a StatCom model was proposed and used in power flow analysis. …

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Applications Of Wavelet Transforms In Biomedical Optoacoustics, Zibiao Wei, Shujun Yang, Amin N. Dharamsi, Barbara Hargrave Jan 2000

Applications Of Wavelet Transforms In Biomedical Optoacoustics, Zibiao Wei, Shujun Yang, Amin N. Dharamsi, Barbara Hargrave

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

We discuss the utility of wavelet transform methods in signal processing in general, and in particular, demonstrate the technique in optoacoustic applications. In several optoacoustic experiments with different samples, we have successfully enhanced the signal to noise ratios. Wavelet transforms optimize resolution by utilizing a tailored, variable time-window in different frequency regions. The technique's great advantage lies in the fact that the wavelet transform adds some redundancy to the original signal, and some desired features can be enhanced in the transformed space. In addition, proper choice of the basis set allows a sparse representation of the signal. Therefore, even when …

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Adaptive Critic Based Neurocontroller For Turbogenerators With Global Dual Heuristic Programming, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy, Donald C. Wunsch, Ronald G. Harley Jan 2000

Adaptive Critic Based Neurocontroller For Turbogenerators With Global Dual Heuristic Programming, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy, Donald C. Wunsch, Ronald G. Harley

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Turbogenerators are nonlinear time varying systems. This paper presents the design of a neurocontroller for such a turbogenerator that augments/replaces the traditional automatic voltage regulator (AVR) and the turbine governor using a novel technique based on the adaptive critic designs (ACDs) with emphasis on global dual heuristic programming (GDHP). Simulation results are presented to show that the neurocontroller derived with the GDHP approach is robust and its performance is better when compared with that derived with other neural network technique, especially when system conditions and configuration changes.

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Analysis Of A Novel Four-Level Dc/Dc Boost Converter, Keith Corzine, Sonal K. Majeethia Jan 2000

Analysis Of A Novel Four-Level Dc/Dc Boost Converter, Keith Corzine, Sonal K. Majeethia

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, novel two-quadrant buck/boost and one-quadrant boost four-level DC/DC power converters are introduced. The primary application for these converters is that of interfacing a low-voltage DC source, such as a fuel cell or battery, to a high-voltage four-level inverter. One important feature of the four-level DC/DC power converters proposed is the ability to perform the power conversion and balance the inverter capacitor voltages simultaneously. With the capacitor voltage balancing, it is possible to obtain the full voltage from the inverter. For the boost converter, the steady-state and nonlinear average-value (NLAM) models are developed. The NLAM is verified against …

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Improved Resolution Backscatter Measurements With The Seawinds Pencil-Beam Scatterometer, David G. Long, Michael W. Spencer, Chialin T. Wu Jan 2000

Improved Resolution Backscatter Measurements With The Seawinds Pencil-Beam Scatterometer, David G. Long, Michael W. Spencer, Chialin T. Wu

Faculty Publications

The SeaWinds scatterometer was launched on the NASA QuikSCAT spacecraft in June 1999 and is planned for the Japanese ADEOS-II mission in 2000. In addition to generating a global Ku-band backscatter data set useful for a variety of climate studies, these flights will provide ocean-surface wind estimates for use in operational weather forecasting. SeaWinds employs a compact "pencil-beam" design rather than the "fan-beam" approach previously used with SASS on Seasat, NSCAT on ADEOS-I, and the AMI scatterometer on ERS-1, 2. As originally envisioned and reported, the resolution of the SeaWinds backscatter measurements were to be antenna-beamwidth limited. In order to …

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Scene-Based Nonuniformity Correction With Video Sequences And Registration, Russell C. Hardie, Majeed M. Hayat, Earnest Armstrong, Brian Yasuda Jan 2000

Scene-Based Nonuniformity Correction With Video Sequences And Registration, Russell C. Hardie, Majeed M. Hayat, Earnest Armstrong, Brian Yasuda

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

We describe a new, to our knowledge, scene-based nonuniformity correction algorithm for array detectors. The algorithm relies on the ability to register a sequence of observed frames in the presence of the fixed-pattern noise caused by pixel-to-pixel nonuniformity. In low-to-moderate levels of nonuniformity, sufficiently accurate registration may be possible with standard scene-based registration techniques. If the registration is accurate, and motion exists between the frames, then groups of independent detectors can be identified that observe the same irradiance (or true scene value). These detector outputs are averaged to generate estimates of the true scene values. With these scene estimates, and …

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Stochastic Stability Of The Continuous-Time Extended Kalman Filter, K. Reif, S. Gunther, Edwin E. Yaz, R. Unbehauen Jan 2000

Stochastic Stability Of The Continuous-Time Extended Kalman Filter, K. Reif, S. Gunther, Edwin E. Yaz, R. Unbehauen

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

he error behaviour of the extended Kalman filter is analysed. It is proved that the estimation error remains bounded if the system satisfies a detectability condition and both the initial estimation error and the disturbing noise terms are small enough. Moreover, some selected cases with both bounded and unbounded estimation error are demonstrated by numerical simulations.

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High Frequency Characteristic Studies Of The N-Channel Enhancement Mode Power Mosfet Device, Rosli Sahrani Jan 2000

High Frequency Characteristic Studies Of The N-Channel Enhancement Mode Power Mosfet Device, Rosli Sahrani

Student Works (2000-2009)

The n-channel enhancement mode power MOSFET device which is known to have the highest switching speed among the controllable switches group is the device studied in this research work. This commercially packaged device manufactured. by Harris Semiconductor has a combination ofMOSFET and JFET structures superimposed. It has a p-type MOS gate and a reversed biased field induced pin junction laterally at the surface and a vertical JFET structure. A Keithley 590 C-V Analyz.er was used to characterize this device. High frequency (1MHz) capacitance-voltage (C-V) and conductance-voltage (G-V) characteristic were measw-ed across the gate-source, gate-drain and source-drain tenninals of the device. …

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Design And Integration Of A Co2 Laser Hybrid Cuting System For Materials Processing, Chee Hong Tan Jan 2000

Design And Integration Of A Co2 Laser Hybrid Cuting System For Materials Processing, Chee Hong Tan

Student Works (2000-2009)

A CO2 laser cutting system has been designed and developed based on hybrid motion of moving workpiece and moving beam. 1bis system has been utilised in the studies of laser cutting of various materials in various profiles. The structural design of the laser cutting system was carried out with AutoCAD Mechanical Desktop. The planning included materials selection, system configuration and re-use of existing available components in order to minimise the research budget. A fast-axial-flow CO2 laser was adopted and optimised for high output power. The beam delivery system and the laser head were designed and integrated to the entire system. …

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A Comparative Analysis Of Two Independent Power Plants Under Different Ownership, Rangash Natarajan Jan 2000

A Comparative Analysis Of Two Independent Power Plants Under Different Ownership, Rangash Natarajan

Student Works (2000-2009)

Many governments have turned to private investors, especially Independent Power Producers (IPPs), to provide some or all of the nation's power requirements. The main reasons for this are: a) to eliminate the financial burden of the government, b) to promote competition in the generation sector to improve operating efficiency and reduce generating cost, and c) to transfer power generation technology, especially in the developing nations, at a rapid pace. In line with world trends, the Malaysian government, in 1993, deregulated its power generation sector. This was done in order to overcome the shortage of installed capacity due to an increase …

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Investigations Of Transverse Arc Array Laser Action In Nitrogen Gas, Kee Siang Goh Jan 2000

Investigations Of Transverse Arc Array Laser Action In Nitrogen Gas, Kee Siang Goh

Student Works (2000-2009)

In almost all pulsed gas lasers, transverse electrical discharge is employed in the excitation of the atoms or molecules. These lasers normally employ discharge across a pair of common electrodes to provide large volume and uniform glow discharge. The scaling of output power in such lasers is obtained by increasing the volume of the discharge and also the pressure of the discharge gas. For this reason. the energy coupled into the discharge channel is kept low enough to avoid arcing. Under these circumstances, the electron temperature of such uniform glow discharge is not sufficient to produce excitation of VUV or …

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Optimisation Of Transverse Arc Array Laser, Albert Kok Foo Ng Jan 2000

Optimisation Of Transverse Arc Array Laser, Albert Kok Foo Ng

Student Works (2000-2009)

A novel discharge scheme is proposed for the pumping of short wavelen,gth lasers. This scheme had been tested to produce fast current pulse and a 5 kA current in 60 nsec is obtained. Lasing action has been observed by using nitrogen gas. The laser line is 337 nm from the strong transitions of nitrogen molecules. The new discharge scheme is based on the concept of an arc array amplifier. It essentially consists of 48 pairs of electrodes which are lined up to form an array of arc discharge. Its electrical circuitry allows each pair of the electrodes to be decoupled …

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Additional Quality Factors For The World Wide Web., Ronan Fitzpatrick Jan 2000

Additional Quality Factors For The World Wide Web., Ronan Fitzpatrick

Conference papers

Web site development is maturing from the enthusiastic experimental practice of early years to a more professional discipline, addressing the needs of Web site visitors and owner organisations. Quality is central to this maturing and it is necessary to have a full understanding of the meaning of quality in the context of the ever-changing Web. This paper identifies five new quality factors for the Web (visibility, credibility, intelligibility, engagibility and differentiation), together with their characteristics and a checklist of enablers, which can be used by specifiers, designers, developers and evaluators to create quality Web sites.

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Application Of Vibrational Techniques In Determination Of Dynamic Properties Of Agricultural Products-State Of The Arton Of Vibrational Techniques In Determination Of Dynamic Properties Of Agricultural Products-State Of The Art, Silas Kajuna Dec 1999

Application Of Vibrational Techniques In Determination Of Dynamic Properties Of Agricultural Products-State Of The Arton Of Vibrational Techniques In Determination Of Dynamic Properties Of Agricultural Products-State Of The Art, Silas Kajuna

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Vibration is one of the techniques employed in the determination of dynamic properties of fruits and vegetables. It entails generation of a mechanical or acoustic vibrational signal which is propagated through the flesh of the agricultural material. A transducer is either attached or held close to the specimen to monitor the propagation of the signal through the specimen. The manner in which the signal is transmitted through the material is analyzed, and the dynamic properties of the specimen which relate to its firmness or its internal being are derived. The technique has been around for the past 30 years or …

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Method And System For Gas Metal Arc Welding, Yuming Zhang, Liguo E Dec 1999

Method And System For Gas Metal Arc Welding, Yuming Zhang, Liguo E

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Patents

An improved method of gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is disclosed. The method includes utilizing a pulsed current having a variable waveform to ensure the detachment of one-droplet-per-pulse of current. During the welding process, the current is sufficient to produce a droplet at the end of a consumable electrode wire. After the droplet reaches a desired size, the current is lowered to induce an oscillation in the droplet. The current is then increased which, in combination with the momentum created by the oscillation, effects droplet detachment. The oscillation may be monitored by observing the arc voltage to determine a preferred …

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Results Using An Alternative Approach To Channel Equalization Using A Pattern Classification Strategy, Frank M. Caimi, Gamal A. Hassan Dec 1999

Results Using An Alternative Approach To Channel Equalization Using A Pattern Classification Strategy, Frank M. Caimi, Gamal A. Hassan

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

In underwater acoustic communication, (ACOMMs), ocean surface and bottom conditions create multi path propagation's for the transmitted signal that result in Inter symbol Interference (ISI) at the receiver. Generally, Equalization, Diversity IBeam forming, and Channel Coding are three independent techniques that are used to improve received signal quality. Equalization compensates for ISI created by a band-limited, time-dispersive channel through implementation of specialized filtering schemes within the receiver. The coefficients of the equalizer need to be continuously adjusted to compensate for the variability in the channel. Since the number of states required by the equalizer (or beam former) is finite, and …

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Near-Band-Gap Cupt-Order-Induced Birefringence In Al0.48Ga0.52Inp2, Mathias Schubert, Tino Hofmann, Bernd Rheinlander, Ines Pietzonka, Torsten Sass, Volker Gottschalch, John A. Woollam Dec 1999

Near-Band-Gap Cupt-Order-Induced Birefringence In Al0.48Ga0.52Inp2, Mathias Schubert, Tino Hofmann, Bernd Rheinlander, Ines Pietzonka, Torsten Sass, Volker Gottschalch, John A. Woollam

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

The order-induced birefringence in the near-band-gap spectral range (0.75 to 2.5 eV), and its dependence on the degree of ordering η is reported for Al0.48Ga0.52InP2. Transmission and reflection generalized variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry, dark-field spectroscopy, and cross-polarized reflectance difference spectroscopy (CRDS) are used to determine precisely the room-temperature dielectric functions for polarization parallel and perpendicular to the ordering direction of a series of spontaneously CuPt-ordered samples grown by metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy. The CRDS technique is introduced as an approach to sense extremely weak anisotropy at oblique angles of incidence. The observed order birefringence is …

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Method For Testing Field Programmable Gate Arrays, Charles E. Stroud, Miron Abramovici Dec 1999

Method For Testing Field Programmable Gate Arrays, Charles E. Stroud, Miron Abramovici

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Patents

A method of testing field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) includes the step of configuring programmable logic blocks of the FPGAs for completing a built-in self-test. This is followed by the steps of initiating the built-in self-test, generating test patterns with the programmable logic blocks and analyzing a resulting response to produce a pass/fail indication with the programmable logic blocks. More specifically, the configuring step includes establishing a first group of programmable logic blocks as test pattern generators and output response analyzers and a second group of programmable logic blocks as blocks under test. The blocks under test are then repeatedly …

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Analysis And Average-Value Modeling Of An Inductorless Synchronous Machine Load Commutated Converter System, J. T. Alt, Scott D. Sudhoff, B. E. Ladd Dec 1999

Analysis And Average-Value Modeling Of An Inductorless Synchronous Machine Load Commutated Converter System, J. T. Alt, Scott D. Sudhoff, B. E. Ladd

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Synchronous machine fed load-commutated converters (SMLCCs) are commonly used for dc power sources in marine and aircraft power systems. The focus of this paper is to set forth a model for SMLCCs for use in transient stability studies involving these systems. Although there has been considerable work in this area, much of this work has assumed the existence of a dc link inductor whereupon the dc link current is approximately constant. In practice, this filter is often eliminated, whereupon previous models are no longer valid. A new average-value model is set forth for SMLCCs in which there is no dc …

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Economic Dispatch And Optimal Sizing Of Battery Energy Storage Systems In Utility Load-Leveling Operations, Chin H. Lo, Max Darwin Anderson Dec 1999

Economic Dispatch And Optimal Sizing Of Battery Energy Storage Systems In Utility Load-Leveling Operations, Chin H. Lo, Max Darwin Anderson

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Battery energy storage (BES) systems show promise of savings for both the utility and the customer. An algorithm combining multi-pass dynamic programming (MPDP) with a time-shift technique has been developed for two purposes: economic dispatch of BES and finding optimal BES power and energy capacities in a power system. Due to the daily cyclic nature of the load curve, a 168-hour load curve is decomposed into seven 24-hour subsections for easy management. Each subsection is treated independently. Decomposition can save computation time and computer memory. A time-shift technique provides better starting state values and improves the finding process of the …

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Wide-Bandwidth Multi-Resolutional Analysis Of A Surface-Mounted Pm Synchronous Machine, S. D. Sudhoff, Jerry L. Tichenor, James L. Drewniak Dec 1999

Wide-Bandwidth Multi-Resolutional Analysis Of A Surface-Mounted Pm Synchronous Machine, S. D. Sudhoff, Jerry L. Tichenor, James L. Drewniak

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Advances in power semiconductor devices have led to inverters with unprecedented voltage edge rates. This has decreased inverter switching losses and enabled the use of increasingly higher switching frequencies. However, faster edge rates and higher switching frequencies increase electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problems, machine insulation stress, bearing currents, and other aspects of system design. Typical computer simulations used to design and evaluate proposed electric drive systems cannot be used to predict these high-frequency effects. A wide-bandwidth multi-resolutional analysis that allows designers to anticipate and quantify high-frequency effects is detailed in this paper. The approach is specifically applied to permanent magnet synchronous …

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Dielectric Plug-Loaded Two-Port Transmission Line Measurement Technique For Dielectric Property Characterization Of Granular And Liquid Materials, K. Mubarak, R. Zoughi, Aaron D. Benally, Karl Joseph Bois, Larry F. Handjojo Dec 1999

Dielectric Plug-Loaded Two-Port Transmission Line Measurement Technique For Dielectric Property Characterization Of Granular And Liquid Materials, K. Mubarak, R. Zoughi, Aaron D. Benally, Karl Joseph Bois, Larry F. Handjojo

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

There are numerous dielectric property characterization techniques available in the microwave regime each with its own uniqueness, advantages and disadvantages. The two-port completely-filled waveguide (transmission line) technique is a robust measurement approach which is well suited for solid dielectric materials. In this case, the dielectric material can be relatively easily machined to fit inside the waveguide and the subsequent measurement of the scattering parameters of this two-port device renders the dielectric properties of the material filling the waveguide. However, this technique is not well suited for measuring the dielectric properties of granular and liquid materials. These materials are used in …

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Multimode Solution For The Reflection Properties Of An Open-Ended Rectangular Waveguide Radiating Into A Dielectric Half-Space: The Forward And Inverse Problems, R. Zoughi, Aaron D. Benally, Karl Joseph Bois Dec 1999

Multimode Solution For The Reflection Properties Of An Open-Ended Rectangular Waveguide Radiating Into A Dielectric Half-Space: The Forward And Inverse Problems, R. Zoughi, Aaron D. Benally, Karl Joseph Bois

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Open-ended rectangular waveguides are extensively used in nondestructive dielectric material evaluation. The dielectric properties of an infinite-half space of a material are calculated from the measured reflection properties referenced to the waveguide aperture. This calculation relies on a theoretical and numerical derivation of the reflection coefficient likewise referenced to the waveguide aperture. Most of these derivations assume the dominant mode field distribution across the waveguide aperture. However, when dealing with low permittivity and low loss dielectric materials, there may exist significant errors when calculating the dielectric properties from the measured reflection coefficient. These errors have also shown to be more …

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Multimedia Databases, S. R. Subramanya Dec 1999

Multimedia Databases, S. R. Subramanya

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The acquisition, generation, storage and processing of multimedia data in computers and transmission over networks have grown tremendously. Databases have been developed to cope with huge amounts of data in different applications. Multimedia databases (MMDB) are essential for efficient management and effective use of this data. They are however still in their infancy. Most current MMDB system prototypes are closely bound to narrow application areas. Experiences gained from developing and using novel multimedia will help advance the multimedia database technology.

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An Accurate Method Of Neglecting Dynamic Saliency Of Synchronous Machines In Power Electronic Based Systems, Steven Pekarek, E. A. Walters Dec 1999

An Accurate Method Of Neglecting Dynamic Saliency Of Synchronous Machines In Power Electronic Based Systems, Steven Pekarek, E. A. Walters

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, motivations for neglecting dynamic saliency in the detailed models of power electronic based systems are presented, A new method of neglecting dynamic saliency is then introduced in which approximate operational impedances are derived from original dynamic salient models. New machine parameters are obtained by fitting to the approximate impedance curves, yielding model parameters in which dynamic saliency is eliminated. An example synchronous machine/converter system is provided that demonstrates the accuracy and increased simulation efficiency resulting from this technique. Therein, errors resulting from neglecting dynamic saliency are reduced from greater than 25% using traditional approximations to less than …

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An Efficient And Accurate Method Of Representing Magnetic Saturation In Physical-Variable Models Of Synchronous Machines, Steven Pekarek, E. A. Walters, B. T. Kuhn Dec 1999

An Efficient And Accurate Method Of Representing Magnetic Saturation In Physical-Variable Models Of Synchronous Machines, Steven Pekarek, E. A. Walters, B. T. Kuhn

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

When analyzing machine/converter systems it is convenient to represent the stator variables in physical (abc) form. It has recently been shown that a physical-variable voltage-behind-reactance form of the synchronous machine model can be derived which is numerically more efficient than existing physical-variable models. In this research, a new voltage-behind-reactance model is derived which incorporates the effects of magnetic saturation. This model is shown to have the same numerical efficiency of the unsaturated model and is readily implemented in either circuit-based or differential-equation based simulation languages. An example system is provided which demonstrates the accuracy and efficiency of this model for …

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Approximation And Optimization Of An Auditory Model For Realization In Vlsi Hardware, Samuel L. Sangregory Dec 1999

Approximation And Optimization Of An Auditory Model For Realization In Vlsi Hardware, Samuel L. Sangregory

Theses and Dissertations

The Auditory Image Model (AIM) is a software tool set developed to functionally model the role of the ear in the human hearing process. AIM includes detailed filter equations for the major functional portions of the ear. Currently, AIM is run on a workstation and requires 10 to 100 times real-time to process audio information and produce an auditory image. An all-digital approximation of the AIM which is suitable for implementation in very large scale integrated circuits is presented. This document details the mathematical models of AIM and the approximations and optimizations used to simplify the filtering and signal processing …

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