Engineering Commons^™

Fractional Delay-Dependent Load Frequency Controller Design For A Single-Area Power System With Communication Delay, Erhan Yumuk

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper proposes a fractional delay-dependent load frequency control design approach for a single-area power system with communication delay based on gain and phase margin specifications. In this approach, the closed-loop reference transfer function relies on the delayed Bode’s transfer function. The gain and phase margin specifications are established in order to optimize the reference model based on three time-domain performance indices. Here, a category of fractional-order model is employed to describe the single-area power system incorporating communication delay. The controller parameters are determined using the fractional-order system model and optimal closed-loop reference model. Then, a delay-dependent control mechanism is …

Motion Magnification-Inspired Feature Manipulation For Deepfake Detection, Aydamir Mirzayev, Hamdi Di̇bekli̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Recent advances in deep learning, increased availability of large-scale datasets, and improvement of accelerated graphics processing units facilitated creation of an unprecedented amount of synthetically generated media content with impressive visual quality. Although such technology is used predominantly for entertainment, there is widespread practice of using deepfake technology for malevolent ends. This potential for malicious use necessitates the creation of detection methods capable of reliably distinguishing manipulated video content. In this work we aim to create a learning-based detection method for synthetically generated videos. To this end, we attempt to detect spatiotemporal inconsistencies by leveraging a learning-based magnification-inspired feature manipulation …

Error Performance Enhancement And Complexity Reduction In Ofdm Systems Via Coordinate Interleaving Under Practical Impairments, Mustafa Anıl Reşat, Armed Tusha, Seda Doğan Tusha, Serdar Özyurt, Hüseyin Arslan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this work, subcarrier coordinate interleaving (CI) is implemented to orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with the aim of both enhancing the error performance and reducing the implementation complexity. To this end, the modulated symbols are independently chosen from a modified M-ary amplitude-shift keying signal constellation under a specific CI strategy. In addition to doubling the diversity level of the original OFDM scheme, the adopted CI approach also drastically reduces the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) size at the transmit side by guaranteeing the first half of the input vector to be identical with the second half at the …

Artificial Intelligence-Based Evaluation Of The Factors Affecting The Sales Of An Iron And Steel Company, Mehmet Pekkaya, Zafer Uysal, Aytaç Altan, Seçkin Karasu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

It is important to predict the sales of an iron and steel company and to identify the variables that influence these sales for future planning. The aim in this study was to identify and model the key factors that influence the sales volume of an iron and steel company using artificial neural networks (ANNs). We attempted to obtain an integrated result from the performance/sales levels of 5 models, to use the ANN approach with hybrid algorithms, and also to present an exemplary application in the base metals industry, where there is a limited number of studies. This study contributes to …

Fast Grid Search: A Grid Search-Inspired Algorithm For Optimizing Hyperparameters Of Support Vector Regression, Mustafa Açikkar

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This study presents a fast hyperparameter optimization algorithm based on the benefits and shortcomings of the standard grid search (GS) algorithm for support vector regression (SVR). This presented GS-inspired algorithm, called fast grid search (FGS), was tested on benchmark datasets, and the impact of FGS on prediction accuracy was primarily compared with the GS algorithm on which it is based. To validate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm and conduct a comprehensive comparison, two additional hyperparameter optimization techniques, namely particle swarm optimization and Bayesian optimization, were also employed in the development of models on the given datasets. The evaluation of …

Milp Modeling Of Matrix Multiplication: Cryptanalysis Of Klein And Prince, Murat Burhan İlter, Ali Aydın Selçuk

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) techniques are widely used in cryptanalysis, aiding in the discovery of optimal linear and differential characteristics. This paper delves into the analysis of block ciphers KLEIN and PRINCE using MILP, specifically calculating the best linear and differential characteristics for reduced-round versions. Both ciphers employ matrix multiplication in their diffusion layers, which we model using multiple XOR operations. To this end, we propose two novel MILP models for multiple XOR operations, which use fewer variables and constraints, proving to be more efficient than standard methods for XOR modeling. For differential cryptanalysis, we identify characteristics with a probability …

Differentially Private Online Bayesian Estimation With Adaptive Truncation, Sinan Yildirim

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this paper, a novel online and adaptive truncation method is proposed for differentially private Bayesian online estimation of a static parameter regarding a population. A local differential privacy setting is assumed where sensitive information from individuals is collected on an individual level and sequentially. The inferential aim is to estimate, on the fly, a static parameter regarding the population to which those individuals belong. We propose sequential Monte Carlo to perform online Bayesian estimation. When individuals provide sensitive information in response to a query, it is necessary to corrupt it with privacy-preserving noise to ensure the privacy of those …

A Novel Extended Reaction Force/Torque Observer With Impedance Control, İlkay Turaç Özçeli̇k, Abdurrahman Eray Baran

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This paper proposes a new extended version of the reaction force observer (RFOB) for high-precision motion control systems. The RFOB has been proven to be useful for many applications in the literature. However, because of the low-pass filter present inside of the RFOB, it has certain limitations. In this study, a new algorithm is proposed to compensate for filtering-based errors in the classical RFOB structure. The algorithm includes the differentiation of the observed force and scaling with a proper value. However, since the force has a noisy nature, differentiation also affects the signal’s stability and performance. To resolve this issue, …

Traffic Signal Optimization Using Multiobjective Linear Programming For Oversaturated Traffic Conditions, Mustafa Murat Coşkun, Cevat Şener, İsmail Hakkı Toroslu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this study, we present a framework designed to optimize signals at intersections experiencing oversaturated traffic conditions, utilizing mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) techniques. The proposed MILP solutions were developed with different objective functions, namely a reduction in the total remaining queue and fair distribution of the remaining queue after each signal cycle. Our framework contains two distinct stages. The initial stage applies two distinct MILP methodologies, while the subsequent stage employs a neighborhood search method to further reduce the delays associated with the green signal timings derived from the first stage. Ultimately, to evaluate their effectiveness across various intersections, we …

Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm-Based Robust Neural Learning Control Of Passive Torque Simulators With Predetermined Performance, Seyyed Amirhossein Saadat, Mohammad Mehdi Fateh, Javad Keighobadi

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In flight control systems, the actuators need to tolerate aerodynamic torques and continue their operations without interruption. To this end, using the simulators to test the actuators in conditions close to the real flight is efficient. On the other hand, achieving the guaranteed performance encounters some challenges and practical limitations such as unknown dynamics, external disturbances, and state constraints in reality. Thus, this article attempts to present a robust adaptive neural network learning controller equipped with a disturbance observer for passive torque simulators (PTS) with load torque constraints. The radial basis function networks (RBFNs) are employed to identify the unknown …

Automated Identification Of Vehicles In Very High-Resolution Uav Orthomosaics Using Yolov7 Deep Learning Model, Esra Yildirim, Umut Güneş Seferci̇k, Taşkın Kavzoğlu

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The utilization of remote sensing products for vehicle detection through deep learning has gained immense popularity, especially due to the advancement of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). UAVs offer millimeter-level spatial resolution at low flight altitudes, which surpasses traditional airborne platforms. Detecting vehicles from very high-resolution UAV data is crucial in numerous applications, including parking lot and highway management, traffic monitoring, search and rescue missions, and military operations. Obtaining UAV data at desired periods allows the detection and tracking of target objects even several times during a day. Despite challenges such as diverse vehicle characteristics, traffic congestion, and hardware limitations, the …

Machine Learning Approaches In Comparative Studies For Alzheimer’S Diagnosis Using 2d Mri Slices, Zhen Zhao, Joon Huang Chuah, Chee-Onn Chow, Kaijian Xia, Yee Kai Tee, Yan Chai Hum, Khin Wee Lai

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an illness that involves a gradual and irreversible degeneration of the brain. It is crucial to establish a precise diagnosis of AD early on in order to enable prompt therapies and prevent further deterioration. Researchers are currently focusing increasing attention on investigating the potential of machine learning techniques to simplify the automated diagnosis of AD using neuroimaging. The present study involved a comparison of models for the detection of AD through the utilization of 2D image slices obtained from magnetic resonance imaging brain scans. Five models, namely ResNet, ConvNeXt, CaiT, Swin Transformer, and CVT, were implemented …

Longitudinal Attacks Against Iterative Data Collection With Local Differential Privacy, Mehmet Emre Gürsoy

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Local differential privacy (LDP) has recently emerged as an accepted standard for privacy-preserving collection of users’ data from smartphones and IoT devices. In many practical scenarios, users’ data needs to be collected repeatedly across multiple iterations. In such cases, although each collection satisfies LDP individually by itself, a longitudinal collection of multiple responses from the same user degrades that user’s privacy. To demonstrate this claim, in this paper, we propose longitudinal attacks against iterative data collection with LDP. We formulate a general Bayesian adversary model, and then individually show the application of this adversary model on six popular LDP protocols: …

Multimode Point Spectroscopy For Food Authentication, Sayed Asaduzzaman, Nicholas Mackinnon, Hossein Kashani Zadeh

SDSU Data Science Symposium

Enhancing food quality measurement is a necessity to guarantee food safety and adherence to health regulations. Current methods involve lab testing which are time-consuming, costly, destructive and require skilled workers. Spectroscopy has the potential to overcome these challenges. This study employs a multi-mode point spectroscopy method to distinguish food products according to their spectral characteristics,. The system records fluorescence, excited at 365 and 405 nm, visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectra. The three main subjects of the study are olive oil, milk, and honey. Samples were kept in a transparent cell culture pot, and Gray and White Spectralon …

Buckling Behavior Of Thin Wall Stiffened Cylindrical Shells Through Ml Techniques, Fnu Tabish, Muhammad Hamza Karim, Rajesh Godasu, Iraj H.P Mamaghani

SDSU Data Science Symposium

Stiffened cylindrical shell buckling strength mainly depends on the geometric and stiffness properties. A detailed parametric study was conducted to investigate the influence of these properties on the stiffened aluminium cylindrical shell buckling strength. The proposed framework involves an integration of finite element method and various machine learning techniques. The dataset obtained from the eigenvalue buckling analysis of 350 numerical simulations using ANSYS workbench 2022; however, the FE simulation of ten ring-stiffened cylindrical specimens was initially substantiated by experimental work conducted in the literature. 350 sample specimens were categorized into seven groups based on the no. of stiffeners varying from …

A Study On The Incentives And Barriers For The Adoption Of Electric Vehicles In South Alabama, Marianne Loes, Daniela Wolter Ferreira Touma, Jennifer C. Zoghby

AMTP Proceedings 2024

ABSTRACT

Through a series of public policy incentives and consumer demand, more electric vehicles are being sold nationwide than ever before. Although electric vehicles (EVs) are being adopted nationwide by many consumers in recent years, car-buyers across South Alabama have not followed the trend. This research considers different stakeholders in the complex consumer buying process of car purchases, and it uses the extant technology adoption models to assess the public policy incentives, as well as statewide roadblocks, to EV adoption.

Effect Of Eis In A 3d Printed Non-Planer Array Patterned Microfluidic Devices, Shanzida Kabir, Hector Zepeda Saenz, Nazmul Islam

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In recent years 3D printing is becoming popular among researchers for its reliability, cost-effective materials, and ease of use without having costly clean rooms. In this work we report the process of fabrication of an array patterned microfluidic device with its effect in Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and particle manipulator. With the optimized design of channel geometry and electrode pattern, this device can use in different lab-on-a-chip applications. A 3D printed microfluidic channel fabrication process is presented here along with a CAD drawing with microstructural dimension analysis. EIS is an expeditiously developing method used in characterizing materials and interfaces. By …

Wearable Mxene-Graphene Sensing Of Influenza And Sars-Cov-2 Virus In Air And Breath: From Lab To Clinic, Yanxiao Li, Zhekun Peng, Jiaoli Li, Congjie Wei, Shangbin Liu, Weixing Hao, Huanyu Cheng, Casey Burton, Yang Wang, Yue-Wern Huang, Chang Soo Kim, Fang Yao Stephen Hou, Donghyun (Bill) Kim, Chenglin Wu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The rapidly expanding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants demand a continuous monitoring method through portable and wearable devices. Utilizing the rich surface chemistry and high chemical-to-electrical signal conversion of 2D MXene-graphene heterostructure thin films, a field-effect-transistor (FET) sensor, which has a flexible substrate to be assembled onto the mask and combines with a Bluetooth system for wireless transmission is developed, to detect the influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viruses in air and breath. At first, the developed sensors are examined in the laboratory through direct contact with sensing targets in solution form. The results show a low …

Room Temperature Polaritonic Soft-Spin Xy Hamiltonian In Organic–Inorganic Halide Perovskites, Kai Peng, Wei Li, Natalia G. Berloff, Xiang Zhang, Wei Bao

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Exciton–polariton condensates, due to their nonlinear and coherent characteristics, have been employed to construct spin Hamiltonian lattices for potentially studying spin glass, critical dephasing, and even solving optimization problems. Here, we report the room-temperature polariton condensation and polaritonic soft-spin XY Hamiltonian lattices in an organic–inorganic halide perovskite microcavity. This is achieved through the direct integration of highquality single-crystal samples within the cavity. The ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic couplings in both one- and two-dimensional condensate lattices have been observed clearly. Our work shows a nonlinear organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite platform for future investigations as polariton simulators.

Fair Fault-Tolerant Approach For Access Point Failures In Networked Control System Greenhouses, Mohammed Ali Yaslam Ba Humaish

Theses and Dissertations

Greenhouse Networked Control Systems (NCS) are popular applications in modern agriculture due to their ability to monitor and control various environmental factors that can affect crop growth and quality. However, designing and operating a greenhouse in the context of NCS could be challenging due to the need for highly available and cost-efficient systems. This thesis presents a design methodology for greenhouse NCS that addresses these challenges, offering a framework to optimize crop productivity, minimize costs, and improve system availability and reliability. It contributes several innovations to the field of greenhouse NCS design. For example, it recommends using the 2.4GHz frequency …

Understanding Roles And Evaluating Reactivity Of Fly Ashes In Calcium Aluminate Binders, Sai Akshay Ponduru, Taihao Han, Jie Huang, Narayanan Neithalath, Gaurav Sant, Aditya Kumar

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Calcium aluminate cement (CAC) is an alternative to Portland cement, valued for its superior early strength and thermal resistance. Partially replacing CAC with Fly ash (FA) can reduce carbon footprint and production costs of CAC, producing sustainable cementitious binders. This research investigates on various properties (i.e., hydration kinetics; phase assemblage evolution; compressive strength) of [CAC + FA] binders. Using 13 distinct FAs, up to 50% of CAC was substituted. The study measures hydration kinetics, compressive strength, and employs the number of constraints to estimate FA reactivity. Advanced quantitative analysis draws links between hydration kinetics and compressive strength and elucidate the …

A Time Synchronized Multi-Hop Mesh Network With Crystal-Free Nodes, Filip Maksimovic, Austin Patel, David C. Burnett, Thomas Watteyne, Kristofer S.J. Pister

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this work we propose and demonstrate a protocol for a time synchronized channel hopping mesh network for wireless transceivers that use exclusively imprecise and inaccurate on-chip oscillators. This protocol is built on an IEEE 802.15.4 physical layer radio that enables interoperability with protocols such as 6TiSCH or Thread. A calibration-bootstrapped multi-hop mesh network is demonstrated with a single crystal-enabled node acting as the root. The protocol is designed to create a multi-hop mesh while compensating noisy and drifting oscillators and timers. With a 4 s synchronization period, an experimental implementation of the network maintains, in the worst case, 1.8 …

Reliable Outdoor Ai-Based Autonomous Uav Localization And Trajectory Tracking Using Cellular Networks, Ghada Afifi

Theses and Dissertations

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are becoming an integral part of numerous commercial and military applications. In many of these applications, the UAV is required to self-navigate in highly dynamic urban environments. Existing localization and trajectory planning techniques, which rely mainly on the Global Positioning System (GPS), do not provide an effective real-time solution for self-localization and path planning, particularly in dense urban environments. The purpose of this thesis is to study the localization and trajectory planning of UAVs independent of GPS systems or other detectable mobile signals. We propose to utilize the broadcast signals from existing cellular networks to localize …

Development Of An Electromagnetic System For Wireless Magnetic Manipulation Of Soft Capsule Endoscope For Drug Delivery Applications, Nada Ashraf Hussein Mahmoud

Theses and Dissertations

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is a remarkable diagnostic device that examines the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The WCE is a small capsule integrated with a camera that is used to visualize the inner mucosa of the GI tract. WCE has been proven to be the most effective method to diagnose GI diseases and GI cancers. The procedure reduces the discomfort and risk compared to conventional endoscopy methods. However, current WCEs lack the ability to take a biopsy or deliver a drug to a specific location. Those therapeutic functions can be introduced by wirelessly controlled WCEs. This thesis introduces an electromagnetic system …

Mechanical And Electromagnetic Properties Of Incorporating Graphene Oxide In Cementitious Mixtures, Cherif Khalil

Theses and Dissertations

This multidisciplinary study aimed at investigating the impact of incorporating graphene oxide (GO) on the mechanical properties and electromagnetic (EM) shielding effectiveness of cementitious mixtures, as well as critically examining the mechanism with which GO affects their microstructure properties. Analysis of the literature review showed that there are discrepancies in reporting the impact of GO on the mortar mix. Consequently, this study focuses on exploring the cause for such discrepancies and identifies three main factors which are thoroughly investigated. The factors were the different sonication energies applied to the GO (Shear Mixing, 1.5 kJ/ml, 3 kJ/ml and 6 kJ/ml), the …

Editorial: Frontiers In Lasers And Applications, John T. Fourkas, Koji Sugioka, Yongfeng Lu

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

When the laser was invented in 1960 by Theodore H.Maiman, the potential applications of this apparatus were far from clear. Indeed, even 4 years later, Maiman himself, in an interview with The New York Times, called the laser “a solution seeking a problem.”

Nearly 64 years later, it is safe to say that the laser’s influence on our everyday lives has been nearly beyond measure. Lasers are integral to CD and DVD readers, barcode readers, many computer printers, speed and distance sensors, and in various entertainment systems used in concerts and other events.

Tree Localization In A Plantation Using Ultra Wideband Signals, Akshat Verma

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Miniaturized Fluorescence Ph Sensor With Assembly Free Ball Lens On A Tapered Multimode Optical Fiber, Bohong Zhang, Farhan Mumtaz, Muhammad Roman, Dinesh Reddy Alla, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In biochemistry, the absence of a compact, assembly-free pH sensor with high sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio has been a persistent hurdle in achieving accurate pH measurements in real time, particularly in complex liquid environments. This manuscript introduces what we believe to be a novel solution in the form of a miniaturized pH sensor utilizing an assembly-free ball lens on a tapered multimode optical fiber (TMMF), offering the potential to revolutionize pH sensing in biochemical applications. A multimode optical fiber (MMF) was subjected to tapering processes, leading to the creation of an ultra-thin needle-like structure with a cross-sectional diameter of about …

Ai And 6g Into The Metaverse: Fundamentals, Challenges And Future Research Trends, Muhammad Zawish, Fayaz Ali Dharejo, Sunder Ali Khowaja, Saleem Raza, Steven Davy, Kapal Dev, Paolo Bellavista

Articles

Since Facebook was renamed Meta, a lot of attention, debate, and exploration have intensified about what the Metaverse is, how it works, and the possible ways to exploit it. It is anticipated that Metaverse will be a continuum of rapidly emerging technologies, usecases, capabilities, and experiences that will make it up for the next evolution of the Internet. Several researchers have already surveyed the literature on artificial intelligence (AI) and wireless communications in realizing the Metaverse. However, due to the rapid emergence and continuous evolution of technologies, there is a need for a comprehensive and in-depth survey of the role …

High Crystalline Quality Homoepitaxial Si-Doped Β-Ga2O3(010) Layers With Reduced Structural Anisotropy Grown By Hot-Wall Mocvd, D. Gogova, D. Q. Tran, V. Jokubavicius, L. Vines, M. Schubert, R. Yakimova, P. P. Paskov, V. Darakchieva

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

A new growth approach, based on the hot-wall metalorganic chemical vapor deposition concept, is developed for high-quality homoepitaxial growth of Si-doped single-crystalline β-Ga₂O₃ layers on (010)-oriented native substrates. Substrate annealing in argon atmosphere for 1 min at temperatures below 600 ^oC is proposed for the formation of epi-ready surfaces as a cost-effective alternative to the traditionally employed annealing process in oxygen-containing atmosphere with a time duration of 1 h at about 1000 ^oC. It is shown that the on-axis rocking curve widths exhibit anisotropic dependence on the azimuth angle with minima for in-plane direction …