History Commons^™

Exploring Sound Emission In Shanghai Zoo As A Public Space, Gisa Jähnichen, Paula Stefanini

Journal of Urban Culture Research

The existence of zoos in cities provokes different reactions in people. Some view it to be an entertaining place to visit on an off day. Now, more often that people are not in favor of zoos anymore, for even though the idea of seeing wildlife in person is attractive, it is also sad to see these animals encaged and even more so under less optimal conditions. The purpose with this article is to investigate the impact of music and other human sounds in animals subject to captivity in the zoo, and if and how it creates changes in their behavior. …

Composition Plus : A Process-Compositional Approach In Music Therapy To Empower Creative Potential, Jos De Backer, Birgit Sebreghts, Katrien Foubert

Journal of Urban Culture Research

This paper presents a music therapy method Composition Plus, a process-compositional approach that is rooted in the music therapeutic improvisational practice. Composition Plus arose from an increasing need in today’s field of music therapy for short-term treatment models that are approachable and accessible, to guide and empower individuals in their creative capacities. The purpose of this paper is to present the therapeutic and theoretical framework and to illustrate this with (musical) impressions from two cases. Composition Plus exists of a predetermined number of sessions with clearly predefined objectives, split in three subsequent phases. Three core features are underpinning these sessions: …

City Of The Future Theories : A Diachronic Comparative Study, Gildis Tachir, Ayşe Nilay Evcil

Journal of Urban Culture Research

This paper strives to interpret the future city or the future of the city by searching published articles. To do this, a review of literature had been made and articles from urban planning and architecture perspectives were studied. We collected information on the time-varying indicators that make up the cities of the future. In this study, it is investigated how the problems arise periodically and the indicators in the formation of the city plans of the future. It concludes with some foresights about next fifty years’ city futures of the millennium.

The Worth Of The Black Disabled Body: An Excavation Of Black Disabled Legal History, Alyssa Mcleod

Undergraduate Research Awards

Slave law was overwhelmingly concerned with the state of individual bodies, from the earliest colonial iterations of race-based statutes through to the end of the antebellum era, becoming a key index in shaping the concept of race from that point forward. In this time, white legislators were trying to answer several burgeoning questions including: Are enslaved bodies inherently damaged, broken, criminal, or worthy of manumission? The answer, it seems, is that every enslaved person’s value was determined almost strictly on the value of their labor, and therefore, their ability to work (and thus, by implication, their value as salable property). …

Rabbits And Hogs And Bears, Oh My! Monstrous Births And Control Over Pregnant Bodies, Elizabeth Klein

Undergraduate Research Awards

Monstrous birth stories occupied early modern European society between the 16th and 18th centuries. These stories depicted gruesome and fantastical births influenced by the imaginations and ill virtue of pregnant women, and the tales were the subject of much interest within the intellectual and medical community. The discussion of these births that took place among the male members of such communities were particularly revelatory of the way female bodies were viewed and controlled in early modern Europe. These conversations are evidenced in the writings of 16th and 17th-century European physicians about the power of women’s imaginations over their pregnant bodies, …

Jewish People And Relationships With Christians In The Antebellum Us, Elizabeth Klein

Undergraduate Research Awards

In surveys of American history, the presence of Jewish people is usually not mentioned more than twice. The first time is with the late 19th-century’s major wave of Jewish immigration, and the second is with the onset of the Second World War and the Holocaust. Although discussing the history of Jewish immigration and anti-semitism in the United States is important, these stories are not the only ones that comprise Jewish American history. Little attention is paid to the Jewish population in America during the antebellum era, yet it is clear that Jewish people were here, and their presence was only …

Foreword To “Gender, Science, And The ‘Natural’ World”, Laura Kalas

Medieval Feminist Forum: A Journal of Gender and Sexuality

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The Matter Of Virtue: Women’S Ethical Action From Chaucer To Shakespeare, Masha Raskolnikov

Medieval Feminist Forum: A Journal of Gender and Sexuality

No abstract provided.

1862 Minutes Of The Commissioners Court, Vicki Betts

Presentations and Publications

Transcription of the 1862 minutes of the Smith County Commissioners Court, including safety concerns, county currency, provisions to allow encamped soldiers to vote, and assistance to soldiers’ families.

The First Armadillo In Smith County, Vicki Betts

Presentations and Publications

Newspaper accounts of the first armadillos seen in Smith County, 1925-1930.

Tracks/Traces: The New Deal Transformation Of Lexington, Kentucky’S Landscapes Of Horseracing And Housing, Piotr Wojcik

Theses and Dissertations--Geography

Lexington, Kentucky is a key node in the global thoroughbred horse industry. This archival research examines the transformation of its horseracing and housing geographies during the 1930s by comparing the redevelopment of an old urban racetrack into federal public housing with the simultaneous development of a new racing plant in the nearby countryside. It analyzes the social and economic relations underlying this shift in addition to how these relations were naturalized by the new landscapes they created. Results suggest that a local growth coalition was seeking to emerge from a financial crisis through a spatial fix that capitalized on cultural …

Part-Time Normals: Embodied Trans Geographies Of Homonationalism, Ivy Faye Monroe

Theses and Dissertations--Geography

Self-understanding of one’s gender identity both emerges from, and rearticulates into, the ways one experiences and mediates their personal and social relationships with the geographic worlds they inhabit. Trans geographical literature has, to date, created compelling work on the social geographies of trans people in highly-gendered spaces. This thesis extends the existing literature to research how gender is both experienced and performed in the mundane structures of everyday life. Building from theories of cruel optimism and homonationalism, this research examines how the discursive and spatial epistemologies of gender identity inform attachments to structures of normativity. Through archival research of transvestite …

"Not Just Whites In Appalachia": The Black Appalachian Commission, Regional Black Power Politics, And The War On Poverty, 1965-1975, Jillean Mccommons

Theses and Dissertations--History

During the Black Power era of the late 1960s and 1970s, Black activists in Appalachia used the opening of the War on Poverty to wage a regional war against institutional and environmental racism. Through the Black Appalachian Commission, a grassroots organization created in 1969, Black activists worked to expose racism in local and federal policy as the root cause of poverty for Black Appalachians, who they argued were the poorest in the region. Their outward self-definition as Black and Appalachian was a political strategy to garner power over resources earmarked for Appalachians. The term “Black Appalachian'' was more than a …

Colonial Contraception: American Birth Control Advocates And Their Work In Appalachia, Puerto Rico, And India; 1930-1970, Dana Johnson

Theses and Dissertations--History

By the beginning of the twentieth century, the development of better contraceptives and changing cultural attitudes led to an increased interest in contraceptive research. Although major political, legal, social, religious, and cultural obstacles remained, birth control advocates began to perform clinical trials to identify effective contraceptives and to disseminate contraceptive information. These trials began in the United States, but birth control advocates quickly introduced them into other areas. In this dissertation, I examine the research efforts of the American birth control movement through an analysis of the activities and discourse of its key advocates and promoters during the middle decades …

John Henry Caldwell Papers: Finding Aid, Bethany Latham

Finding Aids

This finding aid references the papers (primarily correspondence, but also other materials) of John Henry Caldwell, member of the Alabama House of Representatives and the United States House of Representatives (1873-1877). Many of the letters were written between Caldwell and his wife while he was away serving in the 10th Alabama Regiment during the Civil War. The bulk of the collection has been digitized and is available through the Library's Digital Collections, and the original materials are located in the Library's Alabama Gallery Special Collections.

At The Same Time African Women And Mothers Resisted: Dialectical Constructions Of Race And Gender In The Black Atlantic And Early Colonies Of The New World, Anna L. Biesecker-Mast

Joyce Durham Essay Contest in Women's and Gender Studies

We find the rough beginning of this story in the dynamic and contingent scene of the early Atlantic. I say contingent because it is these early complex transatlantic (political and cultural) encounters that fundamentally shaped and shape the trajectory of modernity. At the heart of this development of modernity are constructions of race and gender. And given the contingency of history, it must be noted that, if responses to these encounters had been different, perhaps we would be living with a different modernity—maybe one with different or less harmful notions of race and gender difference.

Understanding how these conceptualizations came …

Theories In The Flesh: Latina Feminist Philosophy Approaches To Identity, Sofia Garcia

Joyce Durham Essay Contest in Women's and Gender Studies

The idea of identity is thoroughly debated by a plethora of philosophers, and it is also a subject that non-scholars question and battle within themselves as well. For those in marginalized communities, whether they are Hispanic, African American, LGBTQ, identity is extremely complex and comes with extreme political, socio-economic, and physiological implications as well. In our current climate these identity questions play out in discussions over critical race theory, immigration policies like DACA, and so many other grave issues. Latinx philosophers take conversations about identity seriously and ask questions such as what is Latina identity really? Is Latina mestiza identity …

South Asian Feminisms And Youth Activism: Focus On India And Pakistan, Nilanjana Paul, Namita Goswami, Sailaja Nandigama, Gowri Parameswaran, Fawzia Afzal-Khan

History Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Herschel Walker, Black Voters, And The 2022 U.S Senate Race In Georgia, Janise Waites

CMC Senior Theses

The Republican Party is known as the Party of Lincoln, they emancipated African Americans from slavery and worked to grant them equalities and rehabilitate them into the US. However, over the next few decades, the GOP began to devalue the Black vote in favor of White Southerners. Black voters support candidates who advocate for their social, economic, and political prosperity. Their loyalty shifts when the party advocates for policies that are harmful to their overall development. Over time, Georgia remained a battleground state as the ideologies shifted in the Democratic and Republican parties. After being a Democratic stronghold for the …

Guide To The Charles 'Chuck' Suber Collection, Charles Suber

CBMR Collection Guides / Finding Aids

The Charles 'Chuck' Suber collection reflects his activities as the First Chorus columnist for Down Beat magazine, his work toward restoring funding to Chicago Public Schools for music and arts programs, and his interview by Richard Wang recalling memories and musicians from his life.

Guide To The Richard 'Dick' Wang Collection, Columbia College Chicago

CBMR Collection Guides / Finding Aids

Richard Wang was a musician, historian, and educator specializing in jazz. The collection consists of a series of arrangements by Mary Lou Williams, a jazz pianist, arranger, and composer, and an interview he conducted with Charles Suber, a jazz critic, educator, journalist, and Down Beat columnist.

Structural Violence & Small Victories: Political Epidemiology Of Hiv Among Msm In Nigeria, 2000-2010, Debbie A. Dada

Harvey M. Applebaum ’59 Award

No abstract provided.

The Paiute, Water Wars, And A Covered Up Agricultural Revolution, Nicholas Anthony Chambers

History Senior Capstones

Like many other Native Americans, the Bishop Paiute in California have long faced an uphill battle in retaining their federally given land rights, access to natural resources, and their ability to remain self-sufficient. Often Native peoples (the Paiute included) have faced a long history of presidential administrations or federal agencies tolerating or even assisting them, only for a small political change to occur and all positive treaties or relations towards them evaporate or turn hostile. Tribes (according to American law) are supposed to be sovereign and see their treaties upheld in perpetuity. However, the Paiute (like many other Native tribes) …

The Disappearance Of The Anti-Aesthetic; The Death Of Fashion, Scrap Evans

Capstone Showcase

In this essay, Scrap explores the connection between famous nihilist and postmodernist theorists, Dadaism, the concept of the anti-aesthetic, and today's high fashion. They provide a history of nihilism and follow its influence through time upon other social, political, and artistic movements. They then make direct connections between famous theorists' prose and famous fashion designers' collections. Finally, they analyze the current state of the fashion world and discuss their plan of action.

The Morning After The Rockefeller Drug Laws: Carey And Cuomo Implement Mass Incarceration In New York, Lebwah-Taliah Sykes

Theses and Dissertations

After Rockefeller Drug Laws passed in New York in 1973, the proportion of drug-related incarcerations remained steady for the following decade, despite overall incarceration numbers doubling. Fiscal constraints prevented Governor Hugh Carey from fully implementing drug laws, but he reallocated resources, increased the pool of people who were subject to longer sentences, made policy changes and contributed to a climate that laid the groundwork for prison expansions under Mario Cuomo. When fiscal constraints in New York State changed, Mario Cuomo’s criminal justice policy focused on implementing Rockefeller Drug Laws, resulting in mass incarceration in New York.

The Changing Evaluations Of Black Skin, White Masks Throughout History, Paul Gonzalez

Theses and Dissertations

Black Skin, White Masks, produced in 1952 by Frantz Fanon is an iconic piece of decolonization literature in which he speaks out against the physical, psychological, social, and economic effects of colonialism in Africa and evaluations of his work have continually evolved throughout the last 70 years. From 1952 to 1960, evaluations of his book was mostly confined in France, then in 1960 to 1968 his work was actively used in America as a guide on achieving political freedom for African Americans and analyzing the Civil Rights Movement and by 1990 onward, his book has been used to analyze …

The 1863 Invasion Of Pennsylvania, Michael J. Gallagher

Theses and Dissertations

Confederate General Robert E. Lee’s invasion of Pennsylvania in 1863 was a grave mistake, on a variety of levels, which ultimately culminated in a crippling defeat at Gettysburg. After the Army of Northern Virginia successfully defended southern territory against northern attacks, the transition to an offensive strategy, advancing north in to Pennsylvania was a vast miscalculation. Lee’s army now traversed enemy territory, leaving behind the advantages of a campaign on southern territory and abandoning a defensive posture. This transition to fighting on enemy territory brought several difficulties that Lee seemingly overlooked, and presented challenges for which Lee was unprepared. Lee …

The Unknown Terror: Credit Card Debt Among The American Middle Class, Eamonn Maher

Theses and Dissertations

This Capstone focuses on a true crisis that affects many middle class Americans. Credit card debt has become a norm for American society and quietly has terrorized and dismantled the lives of many middle class Americans. From the rolling back of usury laws protecting predatorial interest rates, to many Americans losing jobs and income. This paper discusses the relationship between the reliance on credit cards and crippling debt for many Americans in the middle class.

The Impact Of The Saratoga Campaign Of 1777 Upon The Communities Of Upstate New York During The American Revolution, Matthew J. Hamm

Theses and Dissertations

From the spring of 1776 to the summer of 1777, there was a looming threat to the northern region of the colony of New York bordering Canada. Across the border, British forces were marshaling for an invasion. Finally, in June of 1777, the inevitable came true; British General John Burgoyne moved south from St. John’s toward Lake Champlain in upstate New York with an army numbering approximately 9,500. This diverse force consisted of British army regulars, hired German troops, Indian allies, Canadian volunteers and loyalists, and a glut of camp followers, who helped support Burgoyne’s army. His aim was to …

The Struggle For Land In Nineteenth-Century Bolivia: Triangulating Indigenous Demands Between The Republican And Colonial States, Siena Hinshelwood

Scripps Senior Theses

After Bolivia gained independence from Spain, many colonial systems continued, including the tributary pact between Indigenous peoples and the state. This thesis investigates how Andean communities in the nineteenth century instrumentalized legal systems, especially colonial land titles, to force the republican state to respect Indigenous land rights and all the worldviews they contain. This project looks closely at Indigenous apoderados and their triangulation on behalf of their communities between helpful colonial legacies, the republican state, and their own cosmovision. This connects to continuing movements of rebellion and uprising in Bolivia and the Andes to this day.