Investigating The Structure And Performance Of Electrodes Made By Dry And Wet Slurry Processes,
2024
University of Kentucky
Investigating The Structure And Performance Of Electrodes Made By Dry And Wet Slurry Processes, Kubra Uzun, Bhamiti Sharma, Bradley R. Frieberg, Ming Wang, Jiazhi Hu, Anita Li, Xiaosong Huang, Yang-Tse Cheng
Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
Performance, cost, and safety are vital factors in producing and handling lithium-ion batteries. Using a dry process reduces the cost and environmental impact of producing large-scale lithium-ion battery electrodes significantly as solvents are eliminated. Thus, in this study, solvent-free dry electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) and conventional slurry processes were compared to uncover the influence of the manufacturing process on thick LiNi 0.8Mn0.1Co 0.1O 2 (NMC 811) positive electrodes. More pressure during calendering was found necessary for the dry-made (dry) electrodes to have the same porosity, leading to more cracks within the NMC particles and better adhesion. At slower discharge rates, …
Vaccine Immunogenicity Versus Gastrointestinal Microbiome Status: Implications For Poultry Production,
2024
University of Arkansas
Vaccine Immunogenicity Versus Gastrointestinal Microbiome Status: Implications For Poultry Production, Chrysta N. Beck, Jiangchao Zhao, Gisela F. Erf
Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations
At the turn of the 21st century, the importance of maintaining a balanced microbiome was brought to the forefront of the microbiology, immunology, and physiology research fields. Exploring the complex interactions between vaccine administration, mucosal microbiome, oral tolerance, and enteric inflammation in health and disease is challenging since environmental factors (such as diet and sanitation) have major influences on gut microbiota composition. High enteric pathogen load has been shown to contribute to dampened cell-mediated and humoral immune responses to vaccines in human case studies, either through elevated enteric inflammation or increased tolerance to environmental microbes. Although antibiotic and probiotic interventions …
Residual Optical Absorption From Native Defects In Cdsip2 Crystals,
2024
Air Force Institute of Technology
Residual Optical Absorption From Native Defects In Cdsip2 Crystals, Timothy D. Gustafson, Nancy C. Giles, Elizabeth M. Scherrer, Kevin T. Zawilski, Peter G. Schunemann, Kent L. Averett, Jonathan E. Slagle, Larry E. Halliburton
Faculty Publications
CdSiP2 crystals are used in optical parametric oscillators to produce tunable output in the mid-infrared. As expected, the performance of the OPOs is adversely affected by residual optical absorption from native defects that are unintentionally present in the crystals. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) identifies these native defects. Singly ionized silicon vacancies (V-Si) are responsible for broad optical absorption bands peaking near 800, 1033, and 1907 nm. A fourth absorption band, peaking near 630 nm, does not involve silicon vacancies. Exposure to 1064 nm light when the temperature of the CdSiP2 crystal is near 80K converts …
Nanoparticles For Applications In Specific Diagnostics And Precision Medicine,
2024
CUNY Graduate Center
Nanoparticles For Applications In Specific Diagnostics And Precision Medicine, Naxhije Berisha
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Heterogeneity is common in the expression of cancer and treatment response. Precision medicine enables healthcare providers to tailor medical care to an individual's distinct genetic and environmental makeup. This customization has the potential to result in more efficient treatments while minimizing side effects. We believe that by studying the interface of nanotechnology and cancer medicine we can elucidate innovative solutions that address the challenges of disease heterogeneity. This includes advancements in drug delivery, formulations development, and diagnostic sensing. We highlight three studies that use nanotechnology for applications in precision medicine. In Chapter 2, we highlight design optimization of drug formulations …
Rational Design Of Peptide-Based Materials Informed By Multiscale Molecular Dynamics Simulations,
2024
CUNY Graduate Center
Rational Design Of Peptide-Based Materials Informed By Multiscale Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Dhwanit Rahul Dave
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The challenge of establishing a sustainable and circular economy for materials in medicine and technology necessitates bioinspired design. Nature's intricate machinery, forged through evolution, relies on a finite set of biomolecular building blocks with through-bond and through-space interactions. Repurposing these molecular building blocks requires a seamless integration of computational modeling, design, and experimental validation. The tools and concepts developed in this thesis pioneer new directions in peptide-materials design, grounded in fundamental principles of physical chemistry. We present a synergistic approach that integrates experimental designs and computational methods, specifically molecular dynamics simulations, to gain in-depth molecular insights crucial for advancing the …
Preparation Of 2d Tungsten Diselenide (Wse2) Thin Films By Selenization Of Dc-Sputtered W Precursors,
2024
Department of Physics, Materials Science and Solar Energy Group, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Preparation Of 2d Tungsten Diselenide (Wse2) Thin Films By Selenization Of Dc-Sputtered W Precursors, Lwitiko P. Mwakyusa
Tanzania Journal of Science
Two-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenides based on WSe2 films demonstrated promising properties for nano-electronics and photovoltaic applications. In this work, WSe2 films were prepared by selenization of DC-sputtered W precursors. The influence of the selenization temperature on the structural, morphology, and optical properties of the WSe2 films was investigated. The selenization temperature was varied from 350 °C to 450 °C at the interval of 50 °C. Structural, morphology and optical properties of the WSe2 were investigated using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), and UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer, respectively. XRD analysis revealed that all WSe2 were polycrystalline and exhibited the co-existence …
A 3d Imaging-Based Critique Of Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (Waam) Simulations,
2024
American University in Cairo
A 3d Imaging-Based Critique Of Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (Waam) Simulations, Omar Oraby
Theses and Dissertations
Residual stresses play a critical role in the mechanical behavior and structural integrity of engineered components. Understanding and quantifying these stresses are essential for ensuring the reliable performance and durability of materials and structures. Traditionally destructive methods are used that involve sample sectioning and material removal. However, non-destructive methods have gained popularity due to their advantages in preserving the specimen's integrity for further testing and material waste reduction. Among these techniques, Digital Image Correlation (DIC) stands out as a powerful non-contact and full-field measurement approach. DIC captures displacements and strain distributions by analyzing the deformation of speckle patterns on the …
The Effect Of Mechanical Strain On The Electronic Conductivity Of Α- Fe2o3: A Density Functional Theory Study,
2024
American University in Cairo
The Effect Of Mechanical Strain On The Electronic Conductivity Of Α- Fe2o3: A Density Functional Theory Study, Sheriff Naziru Abdulmutalib
Theses and Dissertations
Hydrogen has emerged as a promising future energy carrier due to its ability to produce zero carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions when burned. However, the limited natural abundance of hydrogen necessitates the development of cost-effective and environmentally friendly methods for large-scale hydrogen production. Among the different hydrogen production approaches, photoelectrochemical water splitting, which employs a photoanode material in a cell using solar energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen, is the focus of this work. α-Fe2O3 (hematite) is a photoanode material that shows a promising future for hydrogen generation in a photoelectrochemical cells due to its cheapness, availability, and its …
Mechanical And Electromagnetic Properties Of Incorporating Graphene Oxide In Cementitious Mixtures,
2024
American University in Cairo
Mechanical And Electromagnetic Properties Of Incorporating Graphene Oxide In Cementitious Mixtures, Cherif Khalil
Theses and Dissertations
This multidisciplinary study aimed at investigating the impact of incorporating graphene oxide (GO) on the mechanical properties and electromagnetic (EM) shielding effectiveness of cementitious mixtures, as well as critically examining the mechanism with which GO affects their microstructure properties. Analysis of the literature review showed that there are discrepancies in reporting the impact of GO on the mortar mix. Consequently, this study focuses on exploring the cause for such discrepancies and identifies three main factors which are thoroughly investigated. The factors were the different sonication energies applied to the GO (Shear Mixing, 1.5 kJ/ml, 3 kJ/ml and 6 kJ/ml), the …
Self-Terminating, Heterogeneous Solid–Electrolyte Interphase Enables Reversible Li–Ether Cointercalation In Graphite Anodes,
2024
Virginia Tech
Self-Terminating, Heterogeneous Solid–Electrolyte Interphase Enables Reversible Li–Ether Cointercalation In Graphite Anodes, Dawei Xia, Heonjae Jeong, Dewen Hou, Lei Tao, Tianyi Li, Kristin Knight, Anyang Hu, Ethan P. Kamphaus, Dennis Nordlund, Sami Sainio, Yuzi Liu, John R. Morris, Wenqian Xu, Haibo Huang, Luxi Li, Hui Xiong, Lei Cheng, Feng Lin
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations
Ether solvents are suitable for formulating solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI)-less ion-solvent cointercalation electrolytes in graphite for Na-ion and K-ion batteries. However, ether-based electrolytes have been historically perceived to cause exfoliation of graphite and cell failure in Li-ion batteries. In this study, we develop strategies to achieve reversible Li–solvent cointercalation in graphite through combining appropriate Li salts and ether solvents. Specifically, we design 1M LiBF4 1,2-dimethoxyethane (G1), which enables natural graphite to deliver ~91% initial Coulombic efficiency and >88% capacity retention after 400 cycles. We captured the spatial distribution of LiF at various length scales and quantified its heterogeneity. The electrolyte …
Dielectric Properties Of Polycrystalline And Single Crystal (100) Strontium Titanate From 4 To 295 K,
2024
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Dielectric Properties Of Polycrystalline And Single Crystal (100) Strontium Titanate From 4 To 295 K, Hung Trinh, Alan Devoe, Fatih Dogan
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The dielectric properties of single crystal and polycrystalline SrTiO3 (ST) were investigated from 295 to 4 K. Relative permittivity (εr) and loss tangent (tan(δ)) were measured systematically as a function of direct current (DC) voltage (0 V/cm to 800 V/cm), frequency (100 Hz to 1 MHz), and temperature (295 K to 4 K) for type (100) single crystal SrTiO3 (SC-ST) and for polycrystalline SrTiO3 (PC-ST). Calculated equivalent series resistance (ESR) data are also reported. Overall, the permittivity of ST showed a dependence on temperature, DC voltage, and frequency. Dependences on voltage and frequency were only observed at …
Stability Of A Solid Oxide Cell Stack Under Direct Internal-Reforming Of Hydrogen-Blended Methane,
2024
Key Laboratory of Advanced Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers cell Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, Zhejiang, China
Stability Of A Solid Oxide Cell Stack Under Direct Internal-Reforming Of Hydrogen-Blended Methane, Ya-Fei Tang, An-Qi Wu, Bei-Bei Han, Hua Liu, Shan-Jun Bao, Wang-Lin Lin, Ming Chen, Wan-Bing Guan, Subhash C. Singhal
Journal of Electrochemistry
In this work, the long-term stability and degradation mechanism of a direct internal-reforming solid oxide fuel cell stack (IR-SOFC stack) using hydrogen-blended methane steam reforming were investigated. An overall degradation rate of 2.3%·kh–1 was found after the stack was operated for 3000 hours, indicating a good long-term stability. However, the voltages of the two cells in the stack were increased at the rates of 3.38 mV·kh–1 and 3.78 mV·kh–1, while the area specific resistances of the three metal interconnects in the stack were increased to 0.276 Ω·cm2, 0.254 Ω·cm2 and 0.249 Ω·cm2 …
Rational Design Of Heterostructured Nanomaterials For Accelerating Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Kinetics In Alkaline Media,
2024
Shanghai Key Laboratory for R&D and Application of Metallic Functional Materials, Institute of New Energy for Vehicles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
Rational Design Of Heterostructured Nanomaterials For Accelerating Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Kinetics In Alkaline Media, Hai-Bin Ma, Xiao-Yan Zhou, Jia-Yi Li, Hong-Fei Cheng, Ji-Wei Ma
Journal of Electrochemistry
Owing to the merits of high energy density, as well as clean and sustainable properties, hydrogen has been deemed to be a prominent alternative energy to traditional fossil fuels. Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has been considered to be mostly promising for achieving green hydrogen production, and has been widely studied in acidic and alkaline solutions. In particular, HER in alkaline media has high potential to achieve large-scale hydrogen production because of the increased durability of electrode materials. However, for the currently most prominent catalyst Pt, its HER kinetics in an alkaline solution is generally 2–3 orders lower than that …
Surface Modification Of Poly(4,4'-Oxydiphenilene Pyromellitimide) With Low-Pressure Plasma Treatment,
2024
University of South Florida
Surface Modification Of Poly(4,4'-Oxydiphenilene Pyromellitimide) With Low-Pressure Plasma Treatment, Cihan Aktas
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This study explores the change of the wetting characteristics of commercially availablepolyimide (PI), Kapton® HN, films a type of poly(4,4′-oxydiphenylene-pyromellitimide), following treatment with low-pressure plasmas of carbon tetrafluoride (CF4), air, hydrogen (H2), carbon-dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) gases as well as the surface texturing via laser-exposure procedure. The water contact angle (CA) and surface free energy (SFE) of untreated PI films were determined as 82.4°±0.8 and 45.0±0.3 mN/m, respectively. After CF4 plasma gas treatment, the CA value of PI films increased to 110.2°±1.0, while it decreased to 9.3°±2.3 after O2 plasma gas treatment. The surface free energy (SFE) of PI …
Synthesis And Characterization Of Cellulose Microfibril-Reinforced Polyvinyl Alcohol Biodegradable Composites,
2024
Thomas Jefferson University
Synthesis And Characterization Of Cellulose Microfibril-Reinforced Polyvinyl Alcohol Biodegradable Composites, Fatemeh Mahdiyeh-Boroujeni, Gabriella Fioravanti, Ronald Kander
School of Design and Engineering Papers
The pursuit of an environmentally sustainable manufacturing process requires the substitution of less damaging and recyclable solutions for harmful reagents. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of using cellulose microfibrils synthesized via different hydrolysis reactions as reinforcing agents in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) at varying concentrations. The investigation explores the morphology, thermal properties, and chemical behavior of the cellulose particles. The cellulose microfibrils (CMFs) produced using citric acid exhibited the highest yield and aspect ratio. Notably, particles from organic acids demonstrated greater thermal stability, with oxalic acid-derived particles displaying the maximum thermal degradation temperature. Subsequently, cast films of PVA reinforced …
Research On Orthogonal Test Of Mgo-Fiber Cement Soil′S Deformation Modulus,
2024
1. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China;
2． Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Bridge Safety Monitoring and Equipment, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
Research On Orthogonal Test Of Mgo-Fiber Cement Soil′S Deformation Modulus, Hu Qizhi, Yu Yang, Ma Qiang, Zhuang Xinshan
Journal of China & Foreign Highway
Appropriate amounts of MgO and fiber can improve the compressive strength of cement soil. In order to further study the mechanical properties of MGO-fiber cement soil, Minitab software was used to design an orthogonal test method, and sensitivity analysis and influence analysis were carried out. The change rules of deformation modulus of MgO content, fiber content, and fiber length were studied at three different levels. The regression equations of MgO content, fiber content, and fiber length with cement soil deformation modulus were obtained by using Matlab software to process the test data. The sample was tested by scanning electron microscope …
Experimental Study On Performance Of Cast Asphalt Mixture Basedon Dry Modification,
2024
1. School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China;
Experimental Study On Performance Of Cast Asphalt Mixture Basedon Dry Modification, Wang Ming, Li Bo, Bao Guangzhi, Hu Deyong
Journal of China & Foreign Highway
Cast asphalt mixture is the most widely used material for the pavement of long-span steel bridge decks, and the special asphalt binder cannot be produced and used in small batches. The wet modification process is obviously not suitable for the production of the cast asphalt mixture during the operation and maintenance period. In this paper, according to the requirements of cast asphalt mixture and its binder, combined with the requirements of the dry modification process, the developed direct injection modifier was employed to conduct the mix design of cast asphalt mixture and tests of the fluidity, penetration and increment, low-temperature …
Kinetic Applications Of Smart Materials In Architecture: A Descriptive Analysis,
2024
Tanta University - Faculty of Engineering
Kinetic Applications Of Smart Materials In Architecture: A Descriptive Analysis, Youssef Elkhayat
Journal of Engineering Research
In recent years, many smart materials for architectural applications have been invented. Some smart materials can adapt and interact with the surrounding environment and its variants, whether temperature, humidity, daylight or electric current. Smart material changes its shape without any need for assistance, and it can return to its original state without any significant deformation in shape with the end of the external influence. The invention of smart materials stimulated several architects and facade designers to consider using them in various architectural applications such as sun shading, sun breakers, and windows, significantly impacting the concept and technology of movement in …
Hanford Low-Activity Waste Vitrification: A Review,
2024
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Hanford Low-Activity Waste Vitrification: A Review, José Marcial, Brian J. Riley, Albert A. Kruger, Charmayne E. Lonergan, John D. Vienna
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This Paper Summarizes the Vast Body of Literature (Over 200 Documents) Related to Vitrification of the Low-Activity Waste (LAW) Fraction of the Hanford Tank Wastes. Details Are Provided on the Origins of the Hanford Tank Wastes that Resulted from Nuclear Operations Conducted between 1944 and 1989 to Support Nuclear Weapons Production. Waste Treatment Processes Are Described, Including the Baseline Process to Separate the Tank Waste into LAW and High-Level Waste Fractions, and the LAW Vitrification Facility Being Started at Hanford. Significant Focus is Placed on the Glass Composition Development and the Property-Composition Relationships for Hanford LAW Glasses. Glass Disposal Plans …
The Growth Of Ge And Direct Bandgap Ge1−Xsnx On Gaas (001) By Molecular Beam Epitaxy,
2024
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
The Growth Of Ge And Direct Bandgap Ge1−Xsnx On Gaas (001) By Molecular Beam Epitaxy, Calbi Gunder, Fernando Maia De Oliveira, Emmanuel Wangila, Hryhorii Stanchu, Mohammad Zamani-Alavijeh, Solomon Opeyemi Ojo, Sudip Acharya, Abdulla Said, Chen Li, Yuriy I. Mazur, Shui-Qing Yu, Gregory J. Salamo
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations
Germanium tin (GeSn) is a tuneable narrow bandgap material, which has shown remarkable promise for the industry of near- and mid-infrared technologies for high efficiency photodetectors and laser devices. Its synthesis is challenged by the lattice mismatch between the GeSn alloy and the substrate on which it is grown, sensitively affecting its crystalline and optical qualities. In this article, we investigate the growth of Ge and GeSn on GaAs (001) substrates using two different buffer layers consisting of Ge/GaAs and Ge/AlAs via molecular beam epitaxy. The quality of the Ge layers was compared using X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, reflection …
