Structural Engineering Commons^™

Str-975: Effect Of Shear Span To Depth Ratio On Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Masonry Shear Walls, Hany M. Seif Eldin, Khaled Galal

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Over the past few decades there has been a substantial increase in the number of multi-story buildings constructed with reinforced masonry (RM). Similar to reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, shear walls are a popular lateral load resisting system in regions of high seismic activity due to its capability to provide lateral stiffness, strength and energy dissipation. One of the parameters that affects the inelastic behaviour and ductility of RM shear walls is the shear span to depth ratio, M/Vdv. This paper experimentally investigates the effect of M/Vdv on the seismic performance of RM shear walls that are dominated by diagonal …

Str-976: Effect Of Horizontal Reinforcement Anchorage End Detail On Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Masonry Shear Walls, Hany M. Seif Eldin, Khaled Galal

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

The most recent design codes for masonry structures necessitate the use of reinforced masonry (RM) shear walls in medium and high seismic areas. There are several factors that control the contribution of the horizontal reinforcement to the in-plane shear capacity of RM shear walls. One of these factors is its anchorage end detail. The current version of the Canadian Standards Association CSA S304-14 for design of masonry structures requires that the anchorage of the horizontal reinforcing bars in the plastic hinge region shall have a 90° or more standard hook at the ends of the wall. However, a 180° standard …

Str-978: A Hysteresis Model For The Piston-Based Self-Centering Bracing System Considering Residual Deformation, A. B. M. Haque Rafiqul, Siriwut Sasibut, Feng Rong, M. Shahria Alam

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

A load deformation hysteresis model has been developed for the piston based self-centering (PBSC) bracing system. This bracing system utilizes shaft-piston mechanism for transferring load to its core energy dissipating elements, which are made of Nickel Titanium alloy (NiTinol) bars. These bars provide the brace its strength as well as the self-centering capability. Although in theory, the NiTinol based shape memory alloy bars are supposed to come back to their original shape after large nonlinear deformations, in reality, they experience residual deformation. The hysteresis models, which are currently available for capturing the behavior of self-centering systems, are known as flag …

Str-987: Analysis Of Rectangular Hollow Section Trusses With Overlapped K-Connections, Kyle Tousignant, Jeffrey A. Packer

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

A ten-metre span, simply-supported, overlap-jointed, rectangular hollow section (RHS) Warren truss was tested elastically by applying a single quasi-static point load to various chord panel points to obtain experimental axial force, bending moment, and truss deflection patterns. A total of 53 axial forces and bending moments were measured in the chord and web members during two tests, and deflections at panel points along the bottom chord were measured during a broader series of nine tests. The theoretical behaviour given by practical frame analysis models, consisting of: (i) all joints pinned and concentric; (ii) all joints rigid and concentric; (iii) pin-ended …

Str-988: Post-Fire Residual Strength Of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (Gfrp) Bars, Hamzeh Hajiloo, Mark F. Green

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Lack of reliable and adequate information on material characteristics of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) at elevated temperatures lowers the accuracy of analytical and design models developed to predict the behaviour of GFRP reinforced concrete members. There is an essential need to assess the remaining strength of bridge and building components after exposure to fire to determine if repair or replacement is required. This paper presents experimental results of a series of tensile tests on GFRP reinforcing bars after exposure to elevated temperatures. GFRP specimens with nominal diameter of 16 mm were exposed to different temperatures in an electric furnace. …

Str-990: Sustainable Grouted Helical Piles: Materials And Performance, Mohamed A. A. Mansour, Moustafa Aboutabikh, Ahmed M. Soliman, M. Hesham El Naggar

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Cementitious materials are widely used as a construction material all over the world. However, cement industry has high environmental impact such as the release of CO2 and the consumption of natural resources for its manufacturing energy. Therefore, reducing cement consumption is vital to achieve sustainable green construction practices. In this study, the effects of using treated oil sand waste (TOSW) as a partial replacement of cement in grouted helical pile applications were investigated. Fresh and hardened properties of the green grout incorporating different percentages of TOSW were evaluated. In addition, a model scale grouted helical pile with the green grout …

Str-992: Damage Detection Of Uhp-Frc Plates Using Random Decrement Technique, Azita Pourrastegar, Hesham Othman, Hesham Marzouk

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper is about structural health monitoring using Random Decrement (RD) technique for Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHP-FRC) slabs. Five simply supported slabs with identical dimensions are tested using low-velocity impact technique. Multi-impact load is applied at the mid-point of the UHP-FRC slabs by dropping a 475 kg steel weight from a constant height of 4.15 m. Two parameters are considered: namely: the steel reinforcement ratio, and the steel fiber volume content. The natural frequencies (eigenvalues) and corresponding mode shapes (eigenvectors) of tested plates are extracted numerically using linear perturbation analysis available in ABAQUS (Lanczos solver) to verify …

Str-993: Behaviour Of Fire-Damaged Engineered Timber Beams, Hailey Quiquero, John Gales

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Recently in Canada, the national building code has been amended to include mid-rise engineered timber buildings. The code also contains an allowance for Alternative Solutions, in which taller and more complex engineered timber structures may be built with sufficient research and proof of performance. For sustainable material use in infrastructure, an environmentally conscious population is motivating the employment of new engineered timber constructions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the behaviour of timber members, specifically glulam, before and after fire damage to inform future testing of large-scale engineered timber building systems. The experiments provide valuable data with …

Str-991: Energy Harvesting Methods For Structural Health Monitoring Using Wireless Sensors: A Review, Srishti Banerji, Ashutosh Bagchi, Shervin Khazaeli

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) implies monitoring the performance of structures using sensors to get an advance warning of the loss of structural capacity or potential collapse. Wireless-sensor based monitoring system is found to be advantageous over traditional wire-based system because of their ease of implementation and maintenance. However, power supply is an important concern for wireless sensors used in monitoring of civil engineering structures. While there are different efficient power usage methods and power supply solutions available for wireless sensors, their applications to SHM systems for civil infrastructure are not standardized. Energy harvesting by means of converting energy from the …

Str-994: Investigation Of L-Shaped Low-Rise And High-Rise Buildings Response To Nbcc 2005 And 2010 Seismic Loads, Ahmed Hamada, Ashraf A. El Damatty

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

The current study builds on a previous study conducted by the authors that investigated the seismic provisions of the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) 2005 and 2010, pertaining to the loading and analysis of irregular L-shaped buildings. The study uses low-rise and high-rise L-shaped buildings as case studies. Three-dimensional finite element models of the two irregular L-shaped buildings were developed and discussed in the previous study. The lateral resisting system of the low-rise buildings consists of concrete shear walls, while the high-rise building consists of a combination of concrete shear walls and concrete rigid frames. Low and high-rise concrete …

Str-995: Calibration Of An Analytical Method For Vehicle-Induced Vibrations On Flexible Bridges, Zachary J. Taylor, Pierre-Olivier Dallaire, Marco Accardo, Christian Mercier, Martin Talbot, Stoyan Stoyanoff

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

The results of full scale trials of heavy vehicle-induced vibrations on the Pierre Laporte Bridge are presented. The Pierre Laporte Bridge spans approximately 1 km having the longest main span of any suspension bridge in Canada. The tests were performed during short periods of complete bridge closure on October 27 and 28, 2014. During the tests, the acceleration of the bridge was recorded at multiple locations in addition to measurements of the vertical and pitching accelerations of the testing vehicle itself. The results of these tests are used to calibrate an analytical tool developed to screen bridge designs for potential …

Str-996: Optimization For Bridge Type Selection Using Artificial Neural Networks, Elie M. Otayek, Ahmad Jrade

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Many Researchers have attempted to establish a methodology for the selection of bridge type in a systematic manner. Knowledge based systems (KBS) and other Expert Systems (ES) have been used for this purpose but they have some limitations and restrictions. This paper proposes a methodology to implement a Decision Support System (DSS) in an artificial intelligent environment that aims to suggest a bridge type with its main components at the conceptual design phase, based on the characteristics and performance of existing and similar bridges in order to predict the performance of proposed ones that have been analyzed by decision makers …

Str-997: Instrumentation And Long-Term Monitoring Of An Integral-Abutment Bridge Superstructure, Shelley A. Huntley, Arun J. Valsangkar

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Strain gauges were installed in the girders and deck of an integral abutment bridge to determine the behaviour of the superstructure to daily and seasonal thermal fluctuations. The two-span, 76 m-long bridge has no expansion joints; rather, the prestressed-concrete girders are cast directly into the abutments which are in turn supported by flexible pile foundations. Details of field instrumentation along with monitored data over a period of eight years are presented in this paper. Gauges measured the longitudinal strain in the girders and deck and were positioned at different elevations to provide a strain distribution across the superstructure depth. From …

Str-998: Design Of Fiber-Reinforced Tunnel Segmental Lining According To New Aci Report, Mehdi Bakhshi, Verya Nasri

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Fiber reinforcement has emerged as an alternative to steel bars in precast concrete segments due to advantages such as saving cost and reducing production time while developing a more robust product with improved handling and long-term durability. ACI recently drafted a new report as the first design guideline on FRC tunnel segments to provide specific guidance for this emerging technology. This document offers general information on the history of FRC precast segments from tunneling projects throughout the world; a procedure for structural analysis and design based on governing load cases, and a description of the material parameters, tests and analyses …

Str-999: Intelligent Monitoring System Reveals New Information About The Champlain Bridge, Ehsan Sobhani, Armineh Garabedian, Dominic Lavigne, Chakib Kassem, René Tinawi

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

The Champlain Bridge, constructed in 1957, is one of Canada’s busiest and most economically critical bridges. This 3.4km-long bridge consists of as many as 50 simply supported spans, 50 to 53 m long, plus an elevated truss structure over the Saint Lawrence Seaway. Each span has a cross-section of seven precast post-tensioned girders supporting cast-in-place infill strips that constitute a deck with six traffic lanes. Like many other structures, Champlain Bridge is subjected to environmental, traffic or hydrological loads, which adversely affect the structural condition of the bridge. This structural degradation is further accelerated for the Champlain Bridge due to …

Temperature And Strain Measurements With Fiber Optic Sensors For Steel Beams Subjected To Fire, Yi Bao, Yizheng Chen, Matthew S. Hoehler, Christopher M. Smith, Matthew F. Bundy, Genda Chen

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents measurements of high temperatures using a Brillouin scattering based fiber optic sensor and large strains using an extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric sensor for assessing the thermo-mechanical behaviors of simply supported steel beams subjected to combined thermal and mechanical loading. The distributed fiber optic sensor captures detailed, non- uniform temperature distributions that are compared with thermocouple measurements resulting in an average relative difference of less than 5 % at 95 % confidence level. The extrinsic Fabry- Perot interferometric sensor captures large strains at temperatures above 1000 C. The strain results measured from the distributed fiber optic sensors and extrinsic …

The Design And Construction Of A Rear Bumper With Incorporated Spare Tire Rack, Alan C. Isaacson

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

This senior project outlines the design and construction of a rear bumper with incorporated spare tire and equipment rack for a 1946 Willys CJ2A Jeep. The spare tire rack is capable of swinging out away from the vehicle to allow for the use of the vehicle’s tailgate. The bumper was designed for strength, functionality and aesthetic qualities alike. Additionally, the bumper design considered all vehicle codes and regulations.

Structural Calculations For Nepal Vocational Learning Center, Nicholas Petrarca

Architectural Engineering

This project goal is to build a Leadership Vocational School for youth, women, differently abled, and local leaders of rural and Kathmandu Nepal. The client for this project is an organization called Sakcham Rural Nepal and they partnered with a humanitarian organization called Journeyman International to find Architecture and Architectural Engineering students to design a safe, attractive and functional building to fit their needs.

Evaluation Of The Use Of Painted And Unpainted Weathering Steel On Bridges, Theodore Hopwood Ii, Sudhir Palle, Bobby W. Meade, Rick Younce

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

KTC researchers studied the use of unpainted weathering steel on bridges, using findings of inspections performed on Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) bridges constructed with both painted and unpainted weathering steel as well as laboratory testing. Laboratory tests were conducted on test panels of conventional and weathering grades of steel to determine the performance of barrier and zinc-based coatings over abrasive-blasted substrates of those steel types in both the new and corroded conditions. The report provides the following recommendations for the use of painted and unpainted weathering steel on Kentucky bridges based upon both the field and laboratory findings:

• KYTC should …

Broad Street Apartments, Carla Alejandra Simental, Viviana C. Sanchez

Architectural Engineering

No abstract provided.