A Segmentation-Guided Deep
Learning Framework For Leaf
Counting,
2022
Nanjing Forestry University
A Segmentation-Guided Deep Learning Framework For Leaf Counting, Xijian Fan, Rui Zhou, Tardi Tjahjadi, Sruti Das Choudhury, Qiaolin Ye
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Deep learning-based methods have recently provided a means to rapidly and effectively extract various plant traits due to their powerful ability to depict a plant image across a variety of species and growth conditions. In this study, we focus on dealing with two fundamental tasks in plant phenotyping, i.e., plant segmentation and leaf counting, and propose a two-steam deep learning framework for segmenting plants and counting leaves with various size and shape from two-dimensional plant images. In the first stream, a multi-scale segmentation model using spatial pyramid is developed to extract leaves with different size and shape, where the ...
Development Of A Next-Generation Non-Proprietary Portable Concrete Barrier,
2022
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Development Of A Next-Generation Non-Proprietary Portable Concrete Barrier, Riley Ruskamp
Civil and Environmental Engineering Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research
Portable concrete barriers (PCBs) are segmented barriers made of precast concrete units that are connected by various load-bearing hardware. PCBs are typically used to shield work zones by redirecting errant vehicles upon impact with the barrier system. Most commonly-available PCBs have demonstrated performance issues arising from the sloped face of the barrier, which encourages vehicles to pitch and roll during impact, potentially resulting in vehicle rollover. Concerns also exist regarding the large dynamic deflections exhibited by these systems that can encroach upon the protected work zone or require anchoring to prevent large displacements. In addition to these concerns, the American ...
Risk Assessment Of Hazardous Material Transportation For Small And Tribal Communities,
2022
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Risk Assessment Of Hazardous Material Transportation For Small And Tribal Communities, Harrison Redepenning
Civil and Environmental Engineering Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research
By and large transportation of hazardous materials (HazMat) across the US is increasing, with truck transportation as the most common method of transport. Smaller communities (population <5,000) and Native American communities often lack the economic and political influence to quantify the dangers that HazMat incidents present to the immediate and surrounding areas. Lack of such information is an impediment to adequate preparedness in cases of HazMat incidents. This research focuses on assessing the vulnerability of small and tribal communities in Nebraska to the impacts of highway HazMat incidents. This was done by estimating the expected number and type of HazMat incidents per population in each community. Additionally, statistical analysis was conducted on actual HazMat incidents to determine if small and Native American communities experience a higher rate of incidents per population and per HazMat VMT than large and other small communities respectively. For per population, it was found small versus large is statistically significant while Native American versus other small communities was not significant. For per HazMat VMT, neither comparison was found to be statistically significant. In estimated HazMat incidents, actual HazMat incidents per population, and actual HazMat incidents per HazMat VMT, small communities had higher mean values than their large counterparts. Communities on Native American reservation land experienced a higher estimated and lower actual HazMat incident rate per population than other small communities. For actual HazMat incidents per VMT, Native American communities had a higher rate than other small communities.
Advisor: Aemal Khattak
A Physical Model Of Deadmans Run,
2022
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
A Physical Model Of Deadmans Run, Quinn Brandt
Civil and Environmental Engineering Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research
A physical model of Deadmans Run and a pair of railroad bridges was constructed to assess the impacts of the bridges on flood flows. Lower Platte South Natural Resources District is planning a series of improvements to Deadmans Run to improve flood conveyance capacity and remove approximately 500 homes and businesses from the floodplain. The rail bridges are located less than a mile from the confluence of Deadmans Run and Salt Creek, meaning the bridges present a significant bottleneck to the planned improvements. The physical model was used to characterize the drag effects caused by the bridges, which was used ...
Resilience Metrics At Panama City Beach, Florida,
2022
University of South Alabama
Resilience Metrics At Panama City Beach, Florida, Scott L. Spurgeon
Theses and Dissertations
The term resilience is often used to describe coastal engineering projects, but an increase in resilience has often simply been defined by the ability for a community to recover after an adverse event. This definition is incomplete as there has not been a clear quantitative definition of resilience regarding the coastal environment. Recent research had produced a GIS-based tool that provides a quantitative resilience metric to inform decisions related to engineering in the coastal environment, especially historically. Other research has developed a similar metric that uses Beach-fx results to calculate future resilience based on nourishment alternatives. This study uses the ...
University Of Tennessee Outdoor Cultural And Recreational Center,
2022
University of Tennessee, Knoxville
University Of Tennessee Outdoor Cultural And Recreational Center, Meredith King
Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects
No abstract provided.
Performance Of Concrete With Different Cement Finenesses And Nano-Activators,
2022
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Performance Of Concrete With Different Cement Finenesses And Nano-Activators, Brandon Faltin
Civil and Environmental Engineering Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research
The excessive shrinkage in modern concrete is the result of the construction industry in its quest to complete the job as soon as possible. In order to accomplish this, the fineness of cement was increased significantly in recent decades for a faster rate of strength gain. To combat the cement fineness and reverse the trend of shrinkage, the usage of coarse cements and nanoparticles should be strongly considered. The coarse cement is used to reduce the shrinkage of concrete, while the nanoparticle increases the early strength, alleviating the original concerns of reduced early strength when using coarse cement.
Work in ...
Estimation Of Methane Emissions From Beef Cattle Manure In Nebraska,
2022
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Estimation Of Methane Emissions From Beef Cattle Manure In Nebraska, Noe Hernandez
Civil and Environmental Engineering Theses, Dissertations, and Student Research
The emission of methane from livestock production contributes to climate change. Cattle manure accounts for one-third of the total methane emission over the lifecycle of beef and dairy production and represents an opportunity to lower the environmental footprint of the beef industry. While models have been developed to estimate methane emissions from manure under certain types of manure storage methods, there is a lack of a user-friendly interface that agricultural or environmental engineers can use to estimate the methane emission from manure for specific regions. Therefore, the goal of this study was to build an interface to estimate methane emissions ...
Euplectella Aspergillum’S Natural Lattice Structure For Structural Design & Stability Landscape Of Thin Cylindrical Shells With Dimple Imperfections,
2022
University of Massachusetts Amherst
Euplectella Aspergillum’S Natural Lattice Structure For Structural Design & Stability Landscape Of Thin Cylindrical Shells With Dimple Imperfections, Zoe Y. Sloane
Masters Theses
The first portion of this thesis assesses the structural application of a bracing design inspired by the deep-sea sponge, Euplectella Aspergillum. Many studies have investigated the natural strength found in the unique skeletal structure of this species. The braced design inspired by the sponge features square frames with two sets of cross-braces that are offset from the corners of each frame, creating a pattern of open and closed cells. This study reports the results of multiple Finite Element Analysis (FEA) computations that compare the described bracing pattern to a more common bracing design used in structural design. The designs are ...
Big Data Applications: Public Involvement Tools For Public Involvement,
2022
CDM Smith
Big Data Applications: Public Involvement Tools For Public Involvement, Amy L. Livingston, Houssam Ghandour
Purdue Road School
Using big data to better understand origin-destination and regional travel patterns is critical to project development. Tools such as passive geographically based data lead to improved definitions for traffic analysis zones (TAZs), which, in turn, help inform public involvement plans for a more targeted approach and improved equity. This presentation will highlight future planning applications in Indiana and other case examples where we have used big data to aid the plan development of public and stakeholder engagement.
Erosion Control Of Steep Open Channels Using Articulated Concrete Blocks,
2022
The University of Western Ontario
Erosion Control Of Steep Open Channels Using Articulated Concrete Blocks, Mohammadomid Marandi
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Overtopping flow can undermine the stability of hydraulic structures including embankments and spillways through the shear stress and the subsequent soil erosion. Increased flow velocity can cause scour, which can result in the failure of dams, bridges, and overall open channel hydraulic structures. Sediment transport is another crucial issue in open channels that can cause severe socioeconomic and environmental consequences. Two general approaches are commonly considered for scour prevention. The first approach involves flow modifications to minimize the corresponding effects on the structures. The second approach is associated with bed armoring and placing physical barriers on the natural bedding such ...
A Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory For Nebraska: Livestock And Coal Loom Large,
2022
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
A Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory For Nebraska: Livestock And Coal Loom Large, Eric R. Holley, Adam Liska
Adam Liska Papers
Mitigation of climate change requires the systematic identification and cataloging of emissions sources at city, state, and national levels. In this study, an inventory of annual greenhouse gas emissions from the state of Nebraska was created based on industry data, and emissions inventories were completed each year from 1990 to 2016. Nebraska’s net emissions were found to increase from 56.2 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MMtCO2e) in 1990 to 87.4 MMtCO2e in 2016. Agriculture was found to be the sector with the most emissions (36 MMtCO2e) followed by electricity ...
Potential Water Treatment Residual Used For Eutrophication Prevention: Varying Bake Time And Wet-Dry Release Experiments,
2022
The University of Akron
Potential Water Treatment Residual Used For Eutrophication Prevention: Varying Bake Time And Wet-Dry Release Experiments, Noor Fahoum
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
A challenge faced today in water ways is the excessive growth of algae due to eutrophication. These harmful algal blooms create problems for the environment and safety concerns for the use of water for drinking purposes. An increase in limiting nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus are one of the factors that contribute to eutrophication. This is a concern for the Akron Water Treatment plant where preventative measures are being taken to avoid the potential formation of harmful algal blooms and the cyanotoxins they may release in the water. Through various studies, water treatment residuals (WTR) have been found to ...
Biodegradation Of Rubber Particles In Soil: Using Acclimated Bacteria Isolated From Kansas Soil To Degrade Cryogrinds In Slurry,
2022
The University of Akron
Biodegradation Of Rubber Particles In Soil: Using Acclimated Bacteria Isolated From Kansas Soil To Degrade Cryogrinds In Slurry, Shane Graham
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
This study investigated the viability of bioremediating rubber cryogrind using enriched indigenous bacteria. To begin the experiment, soils from three highway roadside locations in Kansas, KS 96 and West, KS 400 and 143rd, and 199th, were collected and transported to the lab to be studied. An initial soil characterization was run on the soil samples using distilled (DI) water mixture and 0.01 M CaCl2 to assess conductivity. The soils were tested to gather a baseline of the relationship between pH and conductivity and the impact of its distance from the roadside. Bacteria were isolated from the ...
Evaluación Del Desempeño Y Emisiones De Mezclas Biodiésel, Diésel, Etanol Y Agua En Motores Diésel Con Base En La Literatura,
2022
Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá
Evaluación Del Desempeño Y Emisiones De Mezclas Biodiésel, Diésel, Etanol Y Agua En Motores Diésel Con Base En La Literatura, Andrés Camilo Calderon Benavides
Ingeniería Ambiental y Sanitaria
A través de los últimos años se han buscado diferentes alternativas de sustitución del combustible diésel tradicional, debido a las problemáticas generadas por el incremento de los valores de contaminación atmosférica, este trabajo evaluó el porcentaje y el desempeño energético de mezclas biodiésel, diésel, etanol y agua como una alternativa de solución, en donde se definió el rango adecuado de utilización de la mezcla, con un total de 34 artículos científicos publicados en SCIENCEDIRECT y otras fuentes de investigación.
Por lo cual se identificaron características fundamentales, con el fin de obtener un consumo específico del freno (BSFC) y una eficiencia ...
Unmanned Aerial System-Based Data Ferrying Over A Sensor
Node Station Network In Maize,
2022
University of Missouri
Unmanned Aerial System-Based Data Ferrying Over A Sensor Node Station Network In Maize, Jasreman Singh, Yufeng Ge, Derek M. Heeren, Elizabeth Walter-Shea, Christopher M. U. Neale, Suat Irmak, Mitchell S. Maguire
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).
High Throughput Analysis Of Leaf Chlorophyll
Content In Sorghum Using Rgb, Hyperspectral,
And Fluorescence Imaging And Sensor Fusion,
2022
University of Nebraska – Lincoln & Nanjing Forestry University
High Throughput Analysis Of Leaf Chlorophyll Content In Sorghum Using Rgb, Hyperspectral, And Fluorescence Imaging And Sensor Fusion, Huichun Zhang, Yufeng Ge, Xinyan Xie, Abbas Atefi, Nuwan Wijewardane,, Suresh Thapa
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Background: Leaf chlorophyll content plays an important role in indicating plant stresses and nutrient status. Traditional approaches for the quantification of chlorophyll content mainly include acetone ethanol extraction, spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. Such destructive methods based on laboratory procedures are time consuming, expensive, and not suitable for high-throughput analysis. High throughput imaging techniques are now widely used for non-destructive analysis of plant phenotypic traits. In this study three imaging modules (RGB, hyperspectral, and fluorescence imaging) were, separately and in combination, used to estimate chlorophyll content of sorghum plants in a greenhouse environment. Color features, spectral indices, and chlorophyll fluorescence ...
Resistome And Mobilome In Surface Runoff From Manured Soil As Affected By Setback Distance,
2022
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Resistome And Mobilome In Surface Runoff From Manured Soil As Affected By Setback Distance, Noelle Mware, Maria C. Hall, Selvakumar Rajendran, John E. Gilley, Amy Schmidt, Shannon Bartelt-Hunt, Yifan Zhang, Xu Li
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Land application of livestock manure introduces antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) into the soil environment. The objectives of this study were to examine the changes of resistome and mobilome in runoff and soil as a function of setback distance, i.e., the distance between manured soil and surface water, and to quantify the contributions of manure and background soil to the ARGs and MGEs in surface runoff. The resistome and mobilome in runoff and soil from a field-scale plot study were characterized using a high throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction (HT-qPCR) array. It was estimated that ...
Emission Of Volatile Organic Compounds
From Land-Applied Beef Cattle Manure
As Affected By Application Method,
Diet, And Soil Water Condition,
2022
USDA-ARS US Meat Animal Research Center
Emission Of Volatile Organic Compounds From Land-Applied Beef Cattle Manure As Affected By Application Method, Diet, And Soil Water Condition, Bryan L. Woodbury, John E. Gilley, David B. Parker, David B. Marx
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Land application of beef cattle manure may result in the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC). This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of diet, land application method, soil water condition, and time since manure application on VOC emissions. Manure was collected from feedlot pens where cattle were fed diets containing 0%, 10%, or 30% wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS). The effects of manure application method (surface-applied or incorporated) and soil water condition (saturated or wet) on VOC emissions were measured over a 48 h period. Heptanoic, hexanoic, isobutyric, and isovaleric acids contributed 23.5%, 17.6%, 9 ...
Geospatial Synthesis Of Biogeochemical Attributions Of
Porphyrins To Oil Pollution In Marine Sediments Of The Gulf
Of México,
2022
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Geospatial Synthesis Of Biogeochemical Attributions Of Porphyrins To Oil Pollution In Marine Sediments Of The Gulf Of México, Francisco Muñoz-Arriola, José Vinicio Macías-Zamora
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Porphyrins are highly persistent in the environment and represent a helpful biogeochemical attribute to assess the spatial distribution of the effects of oil spills on ecosystems and their resilience. In areas prone to natural and human-originated oil spills, the measurement of VO– and nickel– porphyrins in marine–sediment samples can identify the effects of oil pollution across spatiotemporal scales. The goal is to explore whether or not these compounds can be useful indicators of the geospatial attributions of oil contamination in the surficial sediments. We hypothesize that the geospatial gradients of porphyrins in marine sediments from petroleum spills and seepage ...