Str-872: The Influence Of The Internal Pressure And In-Plane Bending On Pipe Elbows,
2016
University of Alberta
Str-872: The Influence Of The Internal Pressure And In-Plane Bending On Pipe Elbows, Diana Abdulhameed, Roger Cheng, Michael Martens, Samer Adeeb
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Pipe bends are frequently used to change the direction of a pipeline. The location of bends in a pipeline system is often the location that shows high stress levels. The increase in stress is due to the high flexibility of the bend resulting from the ability of the cross-section to ovalize when subjected to bending or internal pressure. Moreover, the surface geometric characteristics of bends may lead to a host of unbalanced thrust forces caused by the internal pressure. The internal pressure results in an outward resultant force that tends to straighten out the bend causing an increase in the …
Str-876: Behaviour Of Mass-Wood Shear-Core Structures Subjected To Static Wind Loads,
2016
Western University
Str-876: Behaviour Of Mass-Wood Shear-Core Structures Subjected To Static Wind Loads, Patricia C. Wilbur, F. Michael Bartlett
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
As the desire to construct tall wood buildings grows, so too does the need to understand the behaviour of these structures under all loading conditions. Work is progressing towards understanding their behaviour under extreme lateral loads, but relatively little focus is given in the literature to their behaviour under normal service-level loads. This study investigates the behaviour of 10-storey mass-wood shear-core structures subjected to static wind loads, and identifies major differences between the behaviour of the wood-core buildings and that of a traditional shear-core building. The design process is described, and both Ultimate and Serviceability Limit States results are presented, …
Str-877: Finite-Element Modeling For Frp Strengthening Of Prestressed Concrete Box Girder Bridges Built By Cantilever Method,
2016
Azad University
Str-877: Finite-Element Modeling For Frp Strengthening Of Prestressed Concrete Box Girder Bridges Built By Cantilever Method, Rohalah Najafi, Saman Hedjazi, Khaled Sennah
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Balanced cantilever construction is an economical method when access from below is expensive or practically impossible. In segmental balanced cantilever construction the precast segments are transported to the bridge construction site and placed and held at the right position before post-tensioning back to the rest of the bridge. As the construction stages go on, the statically determinate structure changes to a statically indeterminate one, which should be considered in the design process. Creep and shrinkage of concrete and relaxation of prestressing steel may lead to excess long-term deflection and may cause redistributions in internal forces and stresses. In the previous …
Str-884: Effect Of Spacing Of Transverse Reinforcement On The Lapped Spliced Gfrp‐Rc Columns Subjected To Cyclic‐Reversed Loads,
2016
University of Manitoba
Str-884: Effect Of Spacing Of Transverse Reinforcement On The Lapped Spliced Gfrp‐Rc Columns Subjected To Cyclic‐Reversed Loads, Syed K. R. Naqvi, Ehab El-Salakawy
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Recently, the non-corrodible fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials have been used successfully as reinforcement for concrete structures. However, the behaviour of glass (G) FRP-reinforced concrete (RC) columns under seismic loading has not been explored yet. This paper presents the results of an experimental program that investigates the contribution of GFRP transverse reinforcement to the confinement of concrete core in lap-spliced GFRP-RC columns. Three full-scale column specimens were constructed and tested to failure under quasi-static cyclic‐reversed loads. All specimens were reinforced with GFRP longitudinal bars and transverse stirrups. The columns had 350-mm square cross section and 1850-mm cantilever length. Each column was …
Str-885: Finite Element Modelling Of Composite Hollowcore Slabs,
2016
Western University
Str-885: Finite Element Modelling Of Composite Hollowcore Slabs, Aiham Adawi, Maged A. Youssef, Mohamed E. Meshaly
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Hollowcore slabs are commonly used for floor and roofs of residential and commercial buildings. Concrete topping, which is commonly cast for leveling purposes, can also be used to increase the load capacity of hollowcore slabs. The post-cracking behaviour of hollowcore slabs greatly affects their ultimate strength. The composite action adds another level of nonlinearity. This paper presents a comprehensive 3-D finite element model that can predict the behaviour of such composite slabs. Nonlinear springs were used to model the interface layer. The nonlinear material behaviour of the concrete and the prestressing strands were also accounted for. Innovative analysis technique to …
Str-903: Unsupervised Novelty Detection Based Structural Damage Detection Method,
2016
University of Manitoba
Str-903: Unsupervised Novelty Detection Based Structural Damage Detection Method, Young-Jin Cha, Zilong Wang
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Many structural damage detection methods using machine learning algorithms and clustering methods have been proposed and developed in recent years. Novelty detection is a common method that is based on an unsupervised learning technique to detect structural damage. The detection process involves applying the novelty detection algorithm to recognize abnormal data from the testing data sets. In order to make these algorithms capable of identifying abnormal data, sufficient normal data must first be obtained and used as training data. It is the fact that sufficient normal data is relatively convenient to measure compared to abnormal data for large-scale civil structures. …
Str-883: Cyclic Response Of Structural Stainless Steel Plate Under Large Inelastic Strains,
2016
Université Laval
Str-883: Cyclic Response Of Structural Stainless Steel Plate Under Large Inelastic Strains, Eric Beaumont, Charles-Darwin Annan
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Contemporary seismic design of steel braced systems is based on dissipating earthquake energy through significant inelastic deformation in the bracing members under cyclic excursions. The structure is designed such that the first significant yield occurs at ground intensity levels that are at or above the design earthquake forces. Thus, delaying the yielding of brace elements is deemed a good design but it could also lead to subsequent loss of stiffness and strength, large residual deformation or even dynamic instability and collapse. To enhance the post-yield performance of the brace system, a steel component with high strain hardening character may be …
Str-878: Numerical Modeling For Structural Behavior Of Bridge Deck Barriers Made Of Fiber Reinforced Concrete,
2016
Ryerson University
Str-878: Numerical Modeling For Structural Behavior Of Bridge Deck Barriers Made Of Fiber Reinforced Concrete, Saman Hedjazi, Hamidreza Khederzadeh, Khaled Sennah
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Nonlinear finite-element (NLFE) analysis was used to compare and optimize the load transfer and failure mode of bridge barriers subjected to static transverse loads. Concrete is a material that needs strengthening in tension in order to meet the structural requirements. Studies have shown that the addition of steel fibers in a concrete matrix improves all the mechanical properties of concrete, especially tensile strength, impact strength, and toughness. The resulting material possesses higher tensile strength, consolidated response and better ductility. Although fiber reinforcement is a method that has been in use over the last few decades, yet it is unfamiliar to …
Str-888: Flexural Tests Of Continuous Concrete Slabs Reinforced With Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars,
2016
United Arab Emirates University
Str-888: Flexural Tests Of Continuous Concrete Slabs Reinforced With Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars, Mohammad Akiel, Tamer El-Maaddawy, Ahmed El Refai
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Continuous steel-reinforced concrete slabs are vulnerable to corrosion damage and cracking. Non-metallic basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars have a great potential to overcome corrosion problems. In this paper, test results of six continuous concrete slabs internally-reinforced with BFRP bars are reported. The specimens were divided into two groups based on the BFRP reinforcement ratio in the sagging regions (2.5Pfb and 0.8Pfb), where Pfb is the balanced reinforcement ratio of BFRP reinforcement. In each group, the hogging-to-sagging BFRP reinforcement ratio was 0.5, 0.72, or 1. Increasing the hogging-to-sagging BFRP reinforcement ratio increased the ultimate load but had almost …
Str-886: Effect Of Concrete Strength On The Punching Shear Behaviour Of Gfrp-Rc Slab-Column Edge Connections,
2016
University of Manitoba
Str-886: Effect Of Concrete Strength On The Punching Shear Behaviour Of Gfrp-Rc Slab-Column Edge Connections, Ahmed M. Mostafa, Mohammed G. El-Gendy, Ehab El-Salakawy
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
This paper presents the results of an experimental program carried out to investigate the effect of concrete strength on the punching shear behaviour of concrete slab-column edge connections reinforced with glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. Six full-scale connections were constructed and tested to failure under gravity loads. Three connections were made of normal strength concrete (NSC), while the other three were made of high strength concrete (HSC). The dimensions of the slabs were 2,800×1,550×200 mm with a 300-mm square column extending 1,000 mm above and below the slab. All connections were reinforced with GFRP sand-coated bars without shear reinforcement. Three …
Str-896: Potential Pitfalls In The Practical Application Of The Random Decrement Technique,
2016
RWDI
Str-896: Potential Pitfalls In The Practical Application Of The Random Decrement Technique, Ronwaldo Emmanuel R. Aquino, Yukio Tamura
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
The Random Decrement Technique (RDT) has been widely used to extract as-built structural dynamic properties of civil engineering structures under ambient excitation, such as natural frequency, damping ratio, and their nonlinearity. This paper aims to clarify firstly that the RDT itself is not a damping evaluation technique (DET), but rather a data conditioning technique, akin to a filter. It results in what is called a “random decrement signature” (RDS) that is considered to represent the free decay response of the system, mode, or DOF being investigated. This paper also aims to show that a number of parameters influence the outcome …
Str-908: Effect Of Geometric Imperfections On The Capacity Of Conical Steel Tanks Under Hydrodynamic Pressure,
2016
Western University
Str-908: Effect Of Geometric Imperfections On The Capacity Of Conical Steel Tanks Under Hydrodynamic Pressure, Ahmed Musa, Ashraf A. El Damatty
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Liquid tanks in the form of truncated steel cones are commonly used for liquid storage in North America and in other locations. The main cause of failure, for conical steel tanks in particular, which was identified in most of the failure cases, is the buckling of the tank’s shell at locations of maximum compressive stress. Being constructed of steel, geometric imperfections in the conical tank walls will exist and their amplitude will be dependent on the quality controls applied by the builder. Such geometric imperfections play an important role in defining the buckling capacity of shell structures in general. Some …
Str-910: Assessment Of Plate Buckling Theory For Twin-Layered Plates Using Three Dimensional Finite Element Analysis,
2016
University of Ottawa
Str-910: Assessment Of Plate Buckling Theory For Twin-Layered Plates Using Three Dimensional Finite Element Analysis, Sepideh Zaghian, Magdi Mohareb
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) plates present a viable option for strengthening corroded flanges and/or webs subjected to normal or shear stresses, to help restore their original local buckling strength. Given the large difference in elastic properties for the steel, adhesive, and GFRP, the use of the concept of transformed section is found to grossly overestimate the buckling strength of such system. An accurate prediction for the buckling strength of such systems necessitates the use of Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis (3D FEA) modeling involving significant modelling and computational effort. The present paper is part of a larger study aimed at …
Str-907: The New Champlain Bridge – Technical Requirements And Delivery Status Report,
2016
Infrastructure Canada
Str-907: The New Champlain Bridge – Technical Requirements And Delivery Status Report, Guy Mailhot
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
In June 2015, the Government of Canada awarded a 3.98 billion dollar contract to the consortium Signature on the Saint Lawrence Group to design, build, operate, maintain and finance the undertaking of the new Champlain Bridge Corridor Project. Procured as a public-private partnership, this new project entails a new replacement crossing over the St. Lawrence River in Montreal and represents one of the largest bridge projects currently underway in North America. This new major transportation infrastructure, extending over a length of some 3.3 km will provide six vehicular traffic lanes, two lanes dedicated to a mass transit corridor and a …
Str-912: Effect Of Geometric Imperfection On Lateral Torsional Buckling Capacity Of I-Beams,
2016
Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Str-912: Effect Of Geometric Imperfection On Lateral Torsional Buckling Capacity Of I-Beams, Md. Imran Kabir, Anjan K. Bhowmick
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Lateral Torsional Buckling (LTB) is a mode of buckling that occurs when a flexural member undergoes both lateral deflection and twisting. LTB can be considered as a critical condition for laterally unsupported beams. Current design specifications in North America (AISC 2010 and CSA S16-14) for LTB of wide flange (W-shape) and welded wide flange (WWF-shape) beams were derived from study of beams subjected to uniform bending moment distributions along beams’ lengths. Past studies on laterally unsupported I-beams indicated that geometric imperfection could significantly affect the LTB capacity of the laterally unsupported beams. Thus, research on effect of geometric imperfections for …
Str-891: Flexural Behaviour Of Thin-Walled Flax Fibre Reinforced Polymer Beams With Foam Cores,
2016
Queen’s University
Str-891: Flexural Behaviour Of Thin-Walled Flax Fibre Reinforced Polymer Beams With Foam Cores, Douglas Tomlinson, Jelica Garcia, Amir Fam
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
There is a rapidly growing demand for more environmentally sustainable materials in the construction industry. Natural flax fibre reinforced polymers (FRPs) have potential applications as lightweight skins for utility poles, pedestrian bridge elements, and small wind turbine shafts but the structural behaviour of flax-FRP wrapped foam beams has yet to be investigated. Six beams with various internal foam density and fibre arrangements were constructed and tested. A control beam was made using one glass-FRP (one layer of longitudinal fibres, one transverse) while the remaining used flax-FRP. A fabrication technique for constructing the tubes was developed and presented here. An arrangement …
Str-916: Strain Analysis Of Dented Pipelines Based On Dent Profile,
2016
University of Alberta
Str-916: Strain Analysis Of Dented Pipelines Based On Dent Profile, Chike Okoloekwe, Roger Cheng, Muntaseer Kainat, Samer Adeeb, Doug Langer, Sherif Hassanien
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Dents are plastic deformations on a pipeline’s cross-section caused by contact with external forces. They are known to have the potential to adversely affect the structural integrity of the pipeline as they induce localized strains and stresses on the pipeline. In this study, the finite element analysis of a dented plate and an analytical approach to the determination of strains based on a dent profile are compared in a bid to develop a procedure for evaluating the strains on a dented pipeline based solely on the dent profile.
Str-918: Structural Modal Identification Using An Improved Empirical Mode Decomposition,
2016
Lakehead University
Str-918: Structural Modal Identification Using An Improved Empirical Mode Decomposition, Ayan Sadhu, Mohamed Barbosh
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) has shown significant promises in signal decomposition of vibration data of civil engineering structures. Owing to its self-adaptive time-frequency decomposition capability, it is widely used in system identification of both linear and nonlinear structures. Unlike EMD which uses only single sensor, multivariate EMD (MEMD) is recently explored as a modal identification tool utilizing multichannel vibration measurements. In this paper, the performance of MEMD is investigated by integrating with another powerful signal separation technique to undertake modal identification under a wide range of applications. The proposed EMD method is validated using a suite of numerical studies.
Str-895: Moment Redistribution Of Gfrp-Rc Continuous T-Beams,
2016
University of Manitoba,
Str-895: Moment Redistribution Of Gfrp-Rc Continuous T-Beams, S. M. Hasanur Rahman, Ehab El-Salakawy
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars have proven to be an excellent alternative to steel bars in many concrete structures such as parking garages and overpasses that are susceptible to harsh environments and consequently corrosion of steel reinforcement. In these structures, FRP reinforced concrete (FRP-RC) continuous beams are common members. Moment redistribution in FRP-RC continuous beams has not been well established yet because of the different characteristics of FRP bars such as linear-elastic stress-strain relationship and lower modulus of elasticity compared to conventional steel. Recent studies showed that redistribution of internal forces in Glass (G) FRP-RC continuous beams with a rectangular section …
Str-906: Computer-Image-Based Loosened Bolt Detection Using Support Vector Machines,
2016
University of Manitoba
Str-906: Computer-Image-Based Loosened Bolt Detection Using Support Vector Machines, Young-Jin Cha, Kisung You, Wooram Choi
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Despite many contact-sensor-based methods have been proposed to monitor and detect structural defects, there are still difficulties compensating for environmental effects and malfunctions of attached sensors, which are main reasons for transmitting false signals. Moreover, regardless of releasing correct or incorrect signals, it eventually leads to human-conducted on-site inspections. In light of these shortcomings, vision-based inspections are considered as potential approach to overcome the explained issues. A number of vision-based methods for detecting damages from images have been developed. However, there are only a few vision-based methods for detecting loosened bolts. Thus, a computer-vision method for detecting loosened bolts is …
