Str-845: Condition Assessment Of Corroded Reinforcement Bond To Concrete By Acoustic Emission Monitoring,
2016
Memorial University of Newfoundland
Str-845: Condition Assessment Of Corroded Reinforcement Bond To Concrete By Acoustic Emission Monitoring, Ahmed A. Abouhussien, Assem A. A. Hassan
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
In this paper, acoustic emission (AE) monitoring was used to evaluate the bond behaviour of corroded reinforcement in reinforced concrete prism samples. The embedded reinforcing steel bars were pre-corroded to successive levels of corrosion up to 5% mass loss of steel by impressed current accelerated corrosion process. A total of 24 samples with variable bar embedded length (50 and 200 mm) and corrosion exposure (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% of steel mass loss) were tested under pull-out tests. Two attached AE sensors were mounted at the surface of each specimen to continuously record the emitted AE signals throughout …
Str-846: Methods Of Comparing Extreme Load Effects Based On Weigh-In-Motion Data,
2016
University of Saskatchewan
Str-846: Methods Of Comparing Extreme Load Effects Based On Weigh-In-Motion Data, Kien Doan, Bruce F. Sparling, Lisa R. Feldman
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
The estimation of extreme load effects caused by vehicles is of critical importance in the evaluation and design of bridge structures. Two methods for estimating extreme load effects over the service life of bridges are commonly cited in literature: (1) the use of a fitted probability distribution based on statistical data to extrapolate the extreme load effects on a probability plot, or (2) the application of Monte Carlo simulation to generate representative truck data over a bridge’s lifespan such that maximum load effect values can then be determined directly. In this paper, results obtained using the two aforementioned methods are …
Str-847: Westminster Drive Underpass – Accelerated Bridge Construction Using Gigo (Get In-Get Out) Bridge Concept,
2016
Stantec Consulting Ltd.
Str-847: Westminster Drive Underpass – Accelerated Bridge Construction Using Gigo (Get In-Get Out) Bridge Concept, Mark D’Andrea, Wade Young, Andrew Turnbull
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
The Ministry of Transportation Ontario (MTO), in partnership with consultants and contractors, developed a method for accelerated bridge construction called Get in-Get out Bridge or GiGo Bridge. The GiGo Bridge concept is an Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC) technique for replacing bridges over freeways, in 45 days or less, with a full closure of the crossing road. The concept requires that bridge components be prefabricated in advance of the on-site work. This has the advantage of shifting a substantial portion of the work into the winter months, freeing up staff resources and equipment for the summer months. Additional benefits of GiGo …
Str-849: From Experimental Wind Tunnel To Wind-Structure Interaction Simulations Of A Shell Structure,
2016
Technical University of Munich
Str-849: From Experimental Wind Tunnel To Wind-Structure Interaction Simulations Of A Shell Structure, Ahmed A. K. A. Abodonya, Hosam Alsofi, Roland Wüchner, Kai-Uwe Bletzinger
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
This paper studies the transition from downscaled wind tunnel testing to prototype scale numerical simulations. The study is performed using OpenFOAM as fluid solver, EMPIRE as coupling tool, and Carat++ as the structure solver. The current work aims at finding sufficient settings for wind-structure interaction simulations. Also, the efficiency of the software chain to simulate natural wind flow is approved. For this purpose, different flow conditions such as uniform, atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), and flow behind a cube (structure is positioned in the wake region behind a cube) are simulated. These complicated, unsteady, and recirculating flows are simulated to study …
Str-850: Numerical Modelling Of Reinforced Concrete Block Structural Wall Buildings Under Seismic Loading,
2016
McMaster University
Str-850: Numerical Modelling Of Reinforced Concrete Block Structural Wall Buildings Under Seismic Loading, Mohamed Ezzeldin, Lydell D. A. Wiebe, Wael El-Dakhakhni
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
With the recent shift of design code developers’ focus from component- to system-level assessment of seismic force resisting systems, there is a need to numerically assess the performance of whole buildings. However, reinforced concrete block structural wall buildings are complex structural systems composed of materials with nonlinear and heterogeneous properties, which makes the numerical investigation challenging, especially when seismic behavior is considered. Most previous numerical models of reinforced concrete block walls have considered individual components, rather than the complete building system, and have used relatively complex micro-models. In this paper, OpenSees (Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation) is used to …
Str-852: Performance Assessment Of Three-Story Shape Memory Alloy Reinforced Concrete Walls,
2016
Western University
Str-852: Performance Assessment Of Three-Story Shape Memory Alloy Reinforced Concrete Walls, Emad A. Abraik, Maged A. Youssef
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
The need for sustainable structures, that provide adequate ductility without experiencing major damage, has led researchers to develop methods to achieve self-centering structures. One of these methods involves the use of superelastic Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) bars. This study assesses the seismic performance of a three-story SMA Reinforced Concrete (RC) shear wall considering different potential locations for the SMA bars. The maximum inter-story drift, residual drift, and damage scheme are evaluated using Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA). The use of SMA bars at the plastic hinge of the first floor was found to significantly reduce the residual drifts and associated damage.
Str-854: Multifunctional And Multiphysics Materials As Load-Bearing Structural Components,
2016
McGill University
Str-854: Multifunctional And Multiphysics Materials As Load-Bearing Structural Components, Abdolhamid Akbarzadeh Shafaroudi, Sara Rankohi
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Multifunctional and multiphysics cellular solids are introduced in this paper as load-bearing structural components. Cellular solids offer a robust low-mass alternative for applications requiring lightweight and stiff components. The unique properties of cellular solids are achieved through cell geometry, connectivity, relative density, and properties of constituent materials. Inspired by biological systems, smart cellular solids can integrate low-mass, sensing/actuating, and self-healing properties into structural components. Discrete fabrication, by integrating patches of smart/active materials onto cellular solids, and continuous fabrication, using additive manufacturing, are two fabrication techniques for the manufacturing of multifunctional cellular solids. We propose a multiscale methodology for the analysis …
Str-855: Instantaneous Deflections Of Concrete Slabs Computed Using Discretized Analysis,
2016
Western University
Str-855: Instantaneous Deflections Of Concrete Slabs Computed Using Discretized Analysis, Caitlin Mancuso, F. Michael Bartlett
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Excessive deflection of concrete floor slabs is a recurring serviceability problem (Gilbert 2012, Stivaros 2012). Current practice is to compute deflections using either a single-element idealization, where an average effective moment of inertia is assigned to the entire member, or a discretized analysis, where the member is idealized as discrete elements with unique effective moments of inertia. There are two equations available for calculating the effective moment of inertia, developed by Branson (1965) and by Bischoff (2005). Branson originally proposed two equations for effective moment of inertia, a 3rd-power equation for use in a single-element idealization and a 4th-power equation …
Str-860: Cost Analysis Of Conical Tanks; Comparison Between Reinforced Concrete And Steel,
2016
Western University
Str-860: Cost Analysis Of Conical Tanks; Comparison Between Reinforced Concrete And Steel, Tareq M. Azabi, Ayman M. El Ansary, Ashraf A. El Damatty
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
This paper provides a cost analysis case study to compare the effectiveness of using reinforced concrete versus steel as a construction material for conical tanks. Simplified design approaches, which were developed in previous investigations, are utilized to design a wide range of reinforced concrete conical tanks and steel counterparts having three different capacities (500 m3, 1750 m3 and 3000 m3). The cost analysis is conducted for each of the concrete and steel tanks. This analysis includes the cost of material, formwork, labour and life-cycle cost. Also, a general study of the effect of tank dimensions on the cost is provided. …
Str-862: Application Of 4d And 5d Bim In Cold-Formed Steel Residential Buildings,
2016
Cairo University
Str-862: Application Of 4d And 5d Bim In Cold-Formed Steel Residential Buildings, Metwally Abu-Hamd, Dina A. Saad, Mohamed Masoud
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Traditional residential building systems are not sufficient to produce the required number of housing units needed every year to solve the current housing problem in many countries. To meet such a challenge, it is necessary to explore the latest construction technologies, and to create innovative building systems that have the potential to bring high-performance affordable housing within reach of new markets. Light (cold-formed) steel (CFS) framing systems have proven to be a worthy alternative to traditional systems. Recent advances in the application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) into the Architecture-Engineering-Construction industries present an additional mean to further enhance the efficiency …
Str-863: Development Of A Novel Replaceable Connection For Seismically Designed Steel Concentrically Braced Frames,
2016
McMaster University
Str-863: Development Of A Novel Replaceable Connection For Seismically Designed Steel Concentrically Braced Frames, Daniel Stevens, Lydell D. A. Wiebe
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
There is increasing demand, from both engineers and their clients, for structures that can be rapidly returned to occupancy following an earthquake, while also maintaining or reducing initial costs. One possible way towards this goal is to ensure that seismic damage occurs only within elements that can be removed and replaced following a damaging earthquake. For concentrically braced frames that use hollow structural sections, the current design practice requires field welding of the brace to the gusset in a way that causes the brace to buckle out-of-plane. In the event of a damaging earthquake, the out-of-plane brace buckling may damage …
Str-864: Proposed Strut-And-Tie Model For Concrete Deep Beams Reinforced With Frp Bars,
2016
Université de Sherbrooke
Str-864: Proposed Strut-And-Tie Model For Concrete Deep Beams Reinforced With Frp Bars, Khaled Mohamed, Ahmed Sabry Farghaly, Brahim Benmokrane
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
A compiled database of 53 tests of FRP-reinforced concrete deep beams with shear span–depth ratios of less than two was used to evaluate the strut-and-tie models (STM) provided in ACI 318 (2014), CSA S806 (2012), CEB-fib (1999), and JSCE (2007). All provisions were found to be inadequate in calculating the capacity of FRP-reinforced deep beams due to inherent shortcomings in each provision. Hence, a new STM-based procedure for FRP-reinforced deep beams was proposed. The new model incorporates the effect of shear span–depth ratio (a/d), concrete compressive strength (fc’), and tensile strain in the adjoining tie (ε1). The contribution of …
Str-866: Non Linear Finite Element Model For Post-Earthquake Fire Performance Evaluation Of Steel Portal Frames,
2016
Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Str-866: Non Linear Finite Element Model For Post-Earthquake Fire Performance Evaluation Of Steel Portal Frames, Amit Chandra, Anjan Bhowmick, Ashutosh Bagchi
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Post-earthquake fires (PEF) especially in densely populated urban areas have been catastrophic in recent seismic events. It appears to be an important design load which has not been considered critical by most design standards. Moreover, current performance-based seismic design philosophy permits certain level of damage to a structure based on the assumed design seismic hazard. These damaged structures are extremely vulnerable to post-earthquake fires. Even after the outbreak of fire, the structural integrity of the damaged structure must be intact for sufficient duration enabling the firefighters to evacuate and extinguish the fire in the affected building. The recent performance-based design, …
Str-867: Flexural Behaviour Of Reinforced Scc Beams Containing Recycled Crumb Rubber,
2016
Memorial University of Newfoundland
Str-867: Flexural Behaviour Of Reinforced Scc Beams Containing Recycled Crumb Rubber, Mohamed K. Ismail, Assem A. Hassan, Basem H. Abdelaleem
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
This study aimed to investigate the effect of crumb rubber (CR) on the flexural behavior and cracking characteristics of self-consolidating concrete beams. Four full-scale self-consolidating rubberized concrete (SCRC) beams containing recycled CR particles as a partial replacement for fine aggregate with percentage ranging from 0% to 15% (by volume of sand) were tested. The performance of some design codes was evaluated in predicting the cracking moment and crack widths of the tested beams. The results indicated that increasing the CR content noticeably reduced the compressive strength, tensile strength, and first cracking moment of all SCRC beams. However, up to 15% …
Str-875: Predicting Failure In Sliding Isolation Bearings Under Long-Period Motions,
2016
McMaster University
Str-875: Predicting Failure In Sliding Isolation Bearings Under Long-Period Motions, Yu Bao, Tracy C. Becker
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
For the majority of structural systems, there has been a push to understand collapse behaviour and to quantify collapse margin ratios. However, for seismic isolation there is still significant work to be done in this area, especially for sliding bearings, for which little research on failure has been investigated. While it may be the goal of the designer that isolation bearing capacity is not reached, for performance based design it is essential to understand how and under what levels the bearing will fail. To investigate failure, a model based on the theory of rigid body kinematics, rigid body dynamics and …
Str-872: The Influence Of The Internal Pressure And In-Plane Bending On Pipe Elbows,
2016
University of Alberta
Str-872: The Influence Of The Internal Pressure And In-Plane Bending On Pipe Elbows, Diana Abdulhameed, Roger Cheng, Michael Martens, Samer Adeeb
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Pipe bends are frequently used to change the direction of a pipeline. The location of bends in a pipeline system is often the location that shows high stress levels. The increase in stress is due to the high flexibility of the bend resulting from the ability of the cross-section to ovalize when subjected to bending or internal pressure. Moreover, the surface geometric characteristics of bends may lead to a host of unbalanced thrust forces caused by the internal pressure. The internal pressure results in an outward resultant force that tends to straighten out the bend causing an increase in the …
Str-876: Behaviour Of Mass-Wood Shear-Core Structures Subjected To Static Wind Loads,
2016
Western University
Str-876: Behaviour Of Mass-Wood Shear-Core Structures Subjected To Static Wind Loads, Patricia C. Wilbur, F. Michael Bartlett
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
As the desire to construct tall wood buildings grows, so too does the need to understand the behaviour of these structures under all loading conditions. Work is progressing towards understanding their behaviour under extreme lateral loads, but relatively little focus is given in the literature to their behaviour under normal service-level loads. This study investigates the behaviour of 10-storey mass-wood shear-core structures subjected to static wind loads, and identifies major differences between the behaviour of the wood-core buildings and that of a traditional shear-core building. The design process is described, and both Ultimate and Serviceability Limit States results are presented, …
Str-877: Finite-Element Modeling For Frp Strengthening Of Prestressed Concrete Box Girder Bridges Built By Cantilever Method,
2016
Azad University
Str-877: Finite-Element Modeling For Frp Strengthening Of Prestressed Concrete Box Girder Bridges Built By Cantilever Method, Rohalah Najafi, Saman Hedjazi, Khaled Sennah
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Balanced cantilever construction is an economical method when access from below is expensive or practically impossible. In segmental balanced cantilever construction the precast segments are transported to the bridge construction site and placed and held at the right position before post-tensioning back to the rest of the bridge. As the construction stages go on, the statically determinate structure changes to a statically indeterminate one, which should be considered in the design process. Creep and shrinkage of concrete and relaxation of prestressing steel may lead to excess long-term deflection and may cause redistributions in internal forces and stresses. In the previous …
Str-884: Effect Of Spacing Of Transverse Reinforcement On The Lapped Spliced Gfrp‐Rc Columns Subjected To Cyclic‐Reversed Loads,
2016
University of Manitoba
Str-884: Effect Of Spacing Of Transverse Reinforcement On The Lapped Spliced Gfrp‐Rc Columns Subjected To Cyclic‐Reversed Loads, Syed K. R. Naqvi, Ehab El-Salakawy
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Recently, the non-corrodible fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials have been used successfully as reinforcement for concrete structures. However, the behaviour of glass (G) FRP-reinforced concrete (RC) columns under seismic loading has not been explored yet. This paper presents the results of an experimental program that investigates the contribution of GFRP transverse reinforcement to the confinement of concrete core in lap-spliced GFRP-RC columns. Three full-scale column specimens were constructed and tested to failure under quasi-static cyclic‐reversed loads. All specimens were reinforced with GFRP longitudinal bars and transverse stirrups. The columns had 350-mm square cross section and 1850-mm cantilever length. Each column was …
Str-885: Finite Element Modelling Of Composite Hollowcore Slabs,
2016
Western University
Str-885: Finite Element Modelling Of Composite Hollowcore Slabs, Aiham Adawi, Maged A. Youssef, Mohamed E. Meshaly
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Hollowcore slabs are commonly used for floor and roofs of residential and commercial buildings. Concrete topping, which is commonly cast for leveling purposes, can also be used to increase the load capacity of hollowcore slabs. The post-cracking behaviour of hollowcore slabs greatly affects their ultimate strength. The composite action adds another level of nonlinearity. This paper presents a comprehensive 3-D finite element model that can predict the behaviour of such composite slabs. Nonlinear springs were used to model the interface layer. The nonlinear material behaviour of the concrete and the prestressing strands were also accounted for. Innovative analysis technique to …
