Str-903: Unsupervised Novelty Detection Based Structural Damage Detection Method,
2016
University of Manitoba
Str-903: Unsupervised Novelty Detection Based Structural Damage Detection Method, Young-Jin Cha, Zilong Wang
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Many structural damage detection methods using machine learning algorithms and clustering methods have been proposed and developed in recent years. Novelty detection is a common method that is based on an unsupervised learning technique to detect structural damage. The detection process involves applying the novelty detection algorithm to recognize abnormal data from the testing data sets. In order to make these algorithms capable of identifying abnormal data, sufficient normal data must first be obtained and used as training data. It is the fact that sufficient normal data is relatively convenient to measure compared to abnormal data for large-scale civil structures. …
Str-883: Cyclic Response Of Structural Stainless Steel Plate Under Large Inelastic Strains,
2016
Université Laval
Str-883: Cyclic Response Of Structural Stainless Steel Plate Under Large Inelastic Strains, Eric Beaumont, Charles-Darwin Annan
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Contemporary seismic design of steel braced systems is based on dissipating earthquake energy through significant inelastic deformation in the bracing members under cyclic excursions. The structure is designed such that the first significant yield occurs at ground intensity levels that are at or above the design earthquake forces. Thus, delaying the yielding of brace elements is deemed a good design but it could also lead to subsequent loss of stiffness and strength, large residual deformation or even dynamic instability and collapse. To enhance the post-yield performance of the brace system, a steel component with high strain hardening character may be …
Str-878: Numerical Modeling For Structural Behavior Of Bridge Deck Barriers Made Of Fiber Reinforced Concrete,
2016
Ryerson University
Str-878: Numerical Modeling For Structural Behavior Of Bridge Deck Barriers Made Of Fiber Reinforced Concrete, Saman Hedjazi, Hamidreza Khederzadeh, Khaled Sennah
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Nonlinear finite-element (NLFE) analysis was used to compare and optimize the load transfer and failure mode of bridge barriers subjected to static transverse loads. Concrete is a material that needs strengthening in tension in order to meet the structural requirements. Studies have shown that the addition of steel fibers in a concrete matrix improves all the mechanical properties of concrete, especially tensile strength, impact strength, and toughness. The resulting material possesses higher tensile strength, consolidated response and better ductility. Although fiber reinforcement is a method that has been in use over the last few decades, yet it is unfamiliar to …
Str-888: Flexural Tests Of Continuous Concrete Slabs Reinforced With Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars,
2016
United Arab Emirates University
Str-888: Flexural Tests Of Continuous Concrete Slabs Reinforced With Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars, Mohammad Akiel, Tamer El-Maaddawy, Ahmed El Refai
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Continuous steel-reinforced concrete slabs are vulnerable to corrosion damage and cracking. Non-metallic basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars have a great potential to overcome corrosion problems. In this paper, test results of six continuous concrete slabs internally-reinforced with BFRP bars are reported. The specimens were divided into two groups based on the BFRP reinforcement ratio in the sagging regions (2.5Pfb and 0.8Pfb), where Pfb is the balanced reinforcement ratio of BFRP reinforcement. In each group, the hogging-to-sagging BFRP reinforcement ratio was 0.5, 0.72, or 1. Increasing the hogging-to-sagging BFRP reinforcement ratio increased the ultimate load but had almost …
Str-886: Effect Of Concrete Strength On The Punching Shear Behaviour Of Gfrp-Rc Slab-Column Edge Connections,
2016
University of Manitoba
Str-886: Effect Of Concrete Strength On The Punching Shear Behaviour Of Gfrp-Rc Slab-Column Edge Connections, Ahmed M. Mostafa, Mohammed G. El-Gendy, Ehab El-Salakawy
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
This paper presents the results of an experimental program carried out to investigate the effect of concrete strength on the punching shear behaviour of concrete slab-column edge connections reinforced with glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. Six full-scale connections were constructed and tested to failure under gravity loads. Three connections were made of normal strength concrete (NSC), while the other three were made of high strength concrete (HSC). The dimensions of the slabs were 2,800×1,550×200 mm with a 300-mm square column extending 1,000 mm above and below the slab. All connections were reinforced with GFRP sand-coated bars without shear reinforcement. Three …
Str-896: Potential Pitfalls In The Practical Application Of The Random Decrement Technique,
2016
RWDI
Str-896: Potential Pitfalls In The Practical Application Of The Random Decrement Technique, Ronwaldo Emmanuel R. Aquino, Yukio Tamura
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
The Random Decrement Technique (RDT) has been widely used to extract as-built structural dynamic properties of civil engineering structures under ambient excitation, such as natural frequency, damping ratio, and their nonlinearity. This paper aims to clarify firstly that the RDT itself is not a damping evaluation technique (DET), but rather a data conditioning technique, akin to a filter. It results in what is called a “random decrement signature” (RDS) that is considered to represent the free decay response of the system, mode, or DOF being investigated. This paper also aims to show that a number of parameters influence the outcome …
Str-908: Effect Of Geometric Imperfections On The Capacity Of Conical Steel Tanks Under Hydrodynamic Pressure,
2016
Western University
Str-908: Effect Of Geometric Imperfections On The Capacity Of Conical Steel Tanks Under Hydrodynamic Pressure, Ahmed Musa, Ashraf A. El Damatty
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Liquid tanks in the form of truncated steel cones are commonly used for liquid storage in North America and in other locations. The main cause of failure, for conical steel tanks in particular, which was identified in most of the failure cases, is the buckling of the tank’s shell at locations of maximum compressive stress. Being constructed of steel, geometric imperfections in the conical tank walls will exist and their amplitude will be dependent on the quality controls applied by the builder. Such geometric imperfections play an important role in defining the buckling capacity of shell structures in general. Some …
Str-910: Assessment Of Plate Buckling Theory For Twin-Layered Plates Using Three Dimensional Finite Element Analysis,
2016
University of Ottawa
Str-910: Assessment Of Plate Buckling Theory For Twin-Layered Plates Using Three Dimensional Finite Element Analysis, Sepideh Zaghian, Magdi Mohareb
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) plates present a viable option for strengthening corroded flanges and/or webs subjected to normal or shear stresses, to help restore their original local buckling strength. Given the large difference in elastic properties for the steel, adhesive, and GFRP, the use of the concept of transformed section is found to grossly overestimate the buckling strength of such system. An accurate prediction for the buckling strength of such systems necessitates the use of Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis (3D FEA) modeling involving significant modelling and computational effort. The present paper is part of a larger study aimed at …
Str-907: The New Champlain Bridge – Technical Requirements And Delivery Status Report,
2016
Infrastructure Canada
Str-907: The New Champlain Bridge – Technical Requirements And Delivery Status Report, Guy Mailhot
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
In June 2015, the Government of Canada awarded a 3.98 billion dollar contract to the consortium Signature on the Saint Lawrence Group to design, build, operate, maintain and finance the undertaking of the new Champlain Bridge Corridor Project. Procured as a public-private partnership, this new project entails a new replacement crossing over the St. Lawrence River in Montreal and represents one of the largest bridge projects currently underway in North America. This new major transportation infrastructure, extending over a length of some 3.3 km will provide six vehicular traffic lanes, two lanes dedicated to a mass transit corridor and a …
Str-912: Effect Of Geometric Imperfection On Lateral Torsional Buckling Capacity Of I-Beams,
2016
Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Str-912: Effect Of Geometric Imperfection On Lateral Torsional Buckling Capacity Of I-Beams, Md. Imran Kabir, Anjan K. Bhowmick
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Lateral Torsional Buckling (LTB) is a mode of buckling that occurs when a flexural member undergoes both lateral deflection and twisting. LTB can be considered as a critical condition for laterally unsupported beams. Current design specifications in North America (AISC 2010 and CSA S16-14) for LTB of wide flange (W-shape) and welded wide flange (WWF-shape) beams were derived from study of beams subjected to uniform bending moment distributions along beams’ lengths. Past studies on laterally unsupported I-beams indicated that geometric imperfection could significantly affect the LTB capacity of the laterally unsupported beams. Thus, research on effect of geometric imperfections for …
Str-891: Flexural Behaviour Of Thin-Walled Flax Fibre Reinforced Polymer Beams With Foam Cores,
2016
Queen’s University
Str-891: Flexural Behaviour Of Thin-Walled Flax Fibre Reinforced Polymer Beams With Foam Cores, Douglas Tomlinson, Jelica Garcia, Amir Fam
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
There is a rapidly growing demand for more environmentally sustainable materials in the construction industry. Natural flax fibre reinforced polymers (FRPs) have potential applications as lightweight skins for utility poles, pedestrian bridge elements, and small wind turbine shafts but the structural behaviour of flax-FRP wrapped foam beams has yet to be investigated. Six beams with various internal foam density and fibre arrangements were constructed and tested. A control beam was made using one glass-FRP (one layer of longitudinal fibres, one transverse) while the remaining used flax-FRP. A fabrication technique for constructing the tubes was developed and presented here. An arrangement …
Str-916: Strain Analysis Of Dented Pipelines Based On Dent Profile,
2016
University of Alberta
Str-916: Strain Analysis Of Dented Pipelines Based On Dent Profile, Chike Okoloekwe, Roger Cheng, Muntaseer Kainat, Samer Adeeb, Doug Langer, Sherif Hassanien
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Dents are plastic deformations on a pipeline’s cross-section caused by contact with external forces. They are known to have the potential to adversely affect the structural integrity of the pipeline as they induce localized strains and stresses on the pipeline. In this study, the finite element analysis of a dented plate and an analytical approach to the determination of strains based on a dent profile are compared in a bid to develop a procedure for evaluating the strains on a dented pipeline based solely on the dent profile.
Str-918: Structural Modal Identification Using An Improved Empirical Mode Decomposition,
2016
Lakehead University
Str-918: Structural Modal Identification Using An Improved Empirical Mode Decomposition, Ayan Sadhu, Mohamed Barbosh
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) has shown significant promises in signal decomposition of vibration data of civil engineering structures. Owing to its self-adaptive time-frequency decomposition capability, it is widely used in system identification of both linear and nonlinear structures. Unlike EMD which uses only single sensor, multivariate EMD (MEMD) is recently explored as a modal identification tool utilizing multichannel vibration measurements. In this paper, the performance of MEMD is investigated by integrating with another powerful signal separation technique to undertake modal identification under a wide range of applications. The proposed EMD method is validated using a suite of numerical studies.
Str-895: Moment Redistribution Of Gfrp-Rc Continuous T-Beams,
2016
University of Manitoba,
Str-895: Moment Redistribution Of Gfrp-Rc Continuous T-Beams, S. M. Hasanur Rahman, Ehab El-Salakawy
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars have proven to be an excellent alternative to steel bars in many concrete structures such as parking garages and overpasses that are susceptible to harsh environments and consequently corrosion of steel reinforcement. In these structures, FRP reinforced concrete (FRP-RC) continuous beams are common members. Moment redistribution in FRP-RC continuous beams has not been well established yet because of the different characteristics of FRP bars such as linear-elastic stress-strain relationship and lower modulus of elasticity compared to conventional steel. Recent studies showed that redistribution of internal forces in Glass (G) FRP-RC continuous beams with a rectangular section …
Str-906: Computer-Image-Based Loosened Bolt Detection Using Support Vector Machines,
2016
University of Manitoba
Str-906: Computer-Image-Based Loosened Bolt Detection Using Support Vector Machines, Young-Jin Cha, Kisung You, Wooram Choi
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Despite many contact-sensor-based methods have been proposed to monitor and detect structural defects, there are still difficulties compensating for environmental effects and malfunctions of attached sensors, which are main reasons for transmitting false signals. Moreover, regardless of releasing correct or incorrect signals, it eventually leads to human-conducted on-site inspections. In light of these shortcomings, vision-based inspections are considered as potential approach to overcome the explained issues. A number of vision-based methods for detecting damages from images have been developed. However, there are only a few vision-based methods for detecting loosened bolts. Thus, a computer-vision method for detecting loosened bolts is …
Str-909: Flexural Behaviour Of Highly Composite Nonloadbearing Precast Concrete Sandwich Panels Nabi,
2016
University of Alberta
Str-909: Flexural Behaviour Of Highly Composite Nonloadbearing Precast Concrete Sandwich Panels Nabi, Nabi Goudarzi, Yasser Korany, Samer Adeeb, Roger Cheng
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Precast Concrete Sandwich Panels (PCSP) are proposed as an enclosure of modern net-zero energy buildings as they provide high thermal insulation and efficient protection against moisture ingress. A new PCSP system has recently been developed that consists of two layers of insulation – a 51 mm Polystyrene foam panel and a grooved 25.4 mm Polystyrene board – sandwiched between two reinforced concrete layers tied together by novel Z-Shape Steel Plate Connectors (ZSPC). Some of these panels are enclosed at the top and bottom with concrete beams, commonly known as end-beams. The out-of-plane behaviour of PCSP is typically described as: fully …
Str-898: Residual Axial Behavior Of Fire-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Columns,
2016
Western University
Str-898: Residual Axial Behavior Of Fire-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Columns, M. Monir A. Alhadid, Maged A. Youssef
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Engineers need a simplified procedure to predict the residual axial capacity and stiffness of Reinforced Concrete (RC) columns exposed to a complete heating-cooling cycle. Finite difference heat transfer and sectional analysis models are developed to determine the axial behavior of such columns with various end-restraint conditions at different fire durations. The influence of cooling phase on temperature distribution and residual mechanical properties are considered in the analysis. The ability of the model to predict the axial behavior of the damaged columns is validated in view of related experimental studies and shown to be in very good agreement. A parametric study …
Str-913: Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis Of Modified Infilled Steel And Concrete Frame Systems,
2016
University of Alberta
Str-913: Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis Of Modified Infilled Steel And Concrete Frame Systems, Nabi Goudarzi, Mohammed Nazief, Yasser Korany
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
To enhance the resiliency of framed structures under lateral loads, new infilled frame systems have been developed and evaluated using finite element method. The developed frame systems include haunches to reduce stress concentration at the frame’s corners under lateral in-plane loads thus improving the resistance of the infilled frame system. A previously developed and validated three dimensional finite element models based on the simplified micro-modelling technique were adopted in this study to investigate the behaviour of infilled steel and reinforced concrete frames under lateral in-plane loads. The investigated parameters include: the infill wall stiffness, the presence and size of haunches …
Str-914: Reliability-Based Design Optimization Of Prestressed Girder Bridges,
2016
University of Ottawa
Str-914: Reliability-Based Design Optimization Of Prestressed Girder Bridges, Yassin Taha Mashal Al-Delaimi, Elena Dragomeriscu
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
Prestressed concrete girder bridges are popular structures due to their simplicity of fabrication, speed of construction, ease of inspection, maintenance and replacement. Many design factors play an essential role in deciding the members’ dimensions, geometry, weights, and cost. This reflects the importance of developing optimization tools that provide cost-effective design by determining certain design variables to achieve the best measurable objective function under given constraints. However, in order to maintain appropriate safety levels while performing the optimization process, it becomes necessary to adopt a probabilistic approach that considers the uncertainties associated with the basic design variables. In this paper, a …
Str-894: Bond Strength Of Ribbed-Surface High-Modulus Glass Frp Bars Embedded Into Unconfined Uhpfrc,
2016
Ryerson University
Str-894: Bond Strength Of Ribbed-Surface High-Modulus Glass Frp Bars Embedded Into Unconfined Uhpfrc, Mahmoud Sayed-Ahmed, Khaled Sennah
Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
High-modulus (HM) ribbed-surface glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars have recently been used in concrete bridge decks to avoid corrosion of steel reinforcement resulting from the use of de-icing salts in winter times in North America. Recently, prefabricated full-depth deck panels (FDDPs), made of normal strength concrete or high performance concrete and reinforced with GFRP bars, are used in Canada to acceleration bridge construction. The FDDPs are connected through panel-to-panel and panel-to-girder connections. These connections are filled with joint-filled cementitious materials as ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC). This paper presents the experimental program to investigate the bond strength of the …
