Application Of Concave-Up P-Y Elements In Static Analysis Of Piles In Laterally Spreading Ground,
2010
University of California, Los Angeles, CA
Application Of Concave-Up P-Y Elements In Static Analysis Of Piles In Laterally Spreading Ground, Pirooz Kashighandi, Scott J. Brandenberg
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Concave-up p-y behavior in liquefied sand has been observed by many researchers due to the dilatant tendency of sand that is dense of its critical state being suppressed in undrained loading. However, static analysis method often scale down the concave-down p-y curves that characterize drained loading, thereby missing the potentially important influence of concave-up behavior on pile response. For lateral spreading problems, large shear strains are typically assigned to the liquefied layer, which presupposes that the liquefied sand is soft and weak. This assumption is incompatible with the strengthening, stiffening concave-up p-y material. This paper presents a static lateral spreading …
Large-Scale Shake Table Test On Lateral Spreading Of A Sheet-Pile Wall Model And Its Centrifuge Simulation,
2010
National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention, Japan
Large-Scale Shake Table Test On Lateral Spreading Of A Sheet-Pile Wall Model And Its Centrifuge Simulation, Masayoshi Sato, Kentaro Tabata, Akio Abe
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The purpose of this test was to realistically reproduce soil liquefaction and the lateral spreading of saturated sand deposits behind the sheet-pile quay walls and the consequent deformation and translation of neighboring pile foundations. Therefore, a shake table test was carried out using a large-scale laminar box on the large-scale shake table in Tsukuba. The inside dimensions of the model were 11.6 m in length, 3.1 m in width and 4.5 m in depth. Next, a dynamic centrifuge test on the behavior of a sheet-pile wall and a soil pile system was conducted to simulate that of a large-scale shake …
Evaluation Of Seismic Demand Of Pile Foundation For Performance Based Design,
2010
Iran University of Science and Technology, Iran
Evaluation Of Seismic Demand Of Pile Foundation For Performance Based Design, M. H. Baziar, A. H. Ghaderinia
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Accurate prediction of seismic performance of structures is important in reducing risks from earthquakes. Within the context of emerging performance-based earthquake engineering trends, seismic performance is measured with respect to the demand of engineering systems during a seismic event as opposed to the conventional factor of safety approach. Investigation of the correlation between so-called engineering demand parameters and various intensity measures has received substantial attention in earthquake engineering, as accurate prediction of seismic demand is desired in performance based seismic design. In this study the seismic demand of pile foundations are investigated in a performance based approach. A soil-pile-superstructure model …
Estimation Of Displacement Demand For Seismic Design Of Bridges With Rocking Shallow Foundations,
2010
University of California, Davis, C
Estimation Of Displacement Demand For Seismic Design Of Bridges With Rocking Shallow Foundations, Bruce L. Kutter, Lijun Deng, Sashi Kunnath
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Rocking foundations provide many desirable characteristics for a yielding dynamic system; they are economical, they provide a ductile (energy dissipating) moment limiting hinge, and they have a natural re-centering tendency. In order to take advantage of these characteristics in routine practice, simplified design procedures for bridge systems with rocking foundations are required. Two performance targets for deterministic seismic bridge design are: collapse should not occur during the “Maximum Credible Earthquake”, and, the serviceability of the bridge should not be compromised during smaller events that are expected during the lifetime of the structure (Functional Evaluation Earthquakes). The crux of the design …
Vibro Replacement For Liquefaction Hazard Mitigation For Operational Storage Facility In Coronado, California, Usa,
2010
Hayward Baker Inc., Escondido, CA
Vibro Replacement For Liquefaction Hazard Mitigation For Operational Storage Facility In Coronado, California, Usa, Sunil Arora, Lisheng Shao
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Vibro replacement stone columns were installed for soil improvement for the construction of a 20,000-square-foot operational storage facility in Coronado, CA. The soil improvement program was conducted to meet seismic and static performance criteria for spread footings founded on improved soil. CPT testing was conducted before and after stone column construction to verify the vibro replacement program. Comparison between pre- and post-construction CPTs showed remarkable increase in the tip resistance in loose sand layers. Accounting for densification and shear reinforcement, the anticipated post-improvement liquefaction-induced settlement was reduced significantly.
Case Histories And Energy-Based Evaluation On Travel Distance Of Slope Failures During Recent Earthquakes,
2010
Chuo University, Japan
Case Histories And Energy-Based Evaluation On Travel Distance Of Slope Failures During Recent Earthquakes, Takaji Kokusho, Tomohiro Ishizawa
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
An energy approach evaluating travel distance of debris in slope failures is proposed here, in which earthquake energy and gravitational potential energy are dissipated in flow deformations. Shake table model tests of dry sand slopes are carried out in which the earthquake energy dissipated in slope failure can be successfully quantified. The model tests indicate that measured slope displacements can be reliably evaluated by the proposed energy approach based on a rigid block model if an appropriate friction coefficient of the slope is specified. The energy approach is then applied to a number of slopes failed during recent earthquake in …
Overview Of The Seismic Threat In The Central United States,
2010
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Overview Of The Seismic Threat In The Central United States, J. David Rogers, Deniz Karadeniz
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
This paper summarizes geological, geophysical and seismological studies in two accepted and one candidate seismic zones in the central United States. The area was shaken by as many as 2,000 felt earthquakes in 1811-12, including four events greater than Magnitudes 7.0. These occurred before the area west of the Mississippi River was settled, so the intensity of shaking was not recorded over much of the affected region. Earthquakes in the central United States are felt over a much broader area than similar magnitude earthquakes in the western United States because of the low attenuation associated with undeformed Paleozoic age strata …
Performance-Based Design Of Geotechnical Structures: Recent Advances,
2010
Kyoto University, Japan
Performance-Based Design Of Geotechnical Structures: Recent Advances, Susumu Iai, Tetsuo Tobita
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The paper presents an overview of recent advances in earthquake geotechnical engineering with respect to the seismic design of geotechnical structures. The modern principles in seismic design are described along the framework of performance-based design as adopted in the International Standard (ISO23469). With the growing awareness of the need to understand the effect of non-linearity in soils and soil-structure interaction, the paper discusses the highly non-linear response of ground during strong earthquake motions with a peak ground acceleration exceeding 1g, and the highly non-linear behavior of soil-pile interaction, including soil-pile separation. The modern principles in seismic design described in this …
Dynamic Earth Pressures And Earth Pressure Cell Measurements,
2010
Arup, London, U.K.
Dynamic Earth Pressures And Earth Pressure Cell Measurements, Yasir Ramzan Khokher, Gopal Madabhushi
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Retaining Wall failures have frequently occurred during seismic events and have therefore been the subject of much research. The pseudo-static force designs, based on the Mononobe-Okabe earth pressure coefficient equations, have been adopted by most current design codes due to its simplicity and ease of use. However, it is clear that there are limitations attached with this approach and more research is required into how the earth pressures develop during seismic events. This paper investigates the seismic behaviour of sheet pile retaining walls using centrifuge testing facilities. In addition to using bending moment strain gauges on the wall, new generation …
Pushover And Inelastic-Seismic Response Of Shallow Foundations Supporting A Slender Structure,
2010
National Technical University of Athens, Greece
Pushover And Inelastic-Seismic Response Of Shallow Foundations Supporting A Slender Structure, George Gazetas, Andriani I. Panagiotidou, Nikos Gerolymos
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The interaction between a surface foundation and the supporting inelastic soil under the action of monotonic, cyclic, and seismic loading is studied numerically. The foundation supports an elastic tall system, the horizontal loading of which induces primarily an overturning moment and secondarily a shear force. Starting from linear elastic behavior, the footing eventually uplifts from the soil, provoking strong inelastic soil response culminating in development of a bearing–capacity failure mechanism and progressive settlement. The substantial lateral displacement of the pier mass induces an additional aggravating moment due to P–δ effect. The paper outlines the moment–rotation–settlement relations under monotonic loading at …
E-Defense Shaking Table Test On The Behavior Of Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading Of Large-Scale Model Ground With A Pile-Foundation Structure Behind Quay Wall,
2010
National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention, Japan
E-Defense Shaking Table Test On The Behavior Of Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading Of Large-Scale Model Ground With A Pile-Foundation Structure Behind Quay Wall, Kentaro Tabata, Masayoshi Sato
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
To investigate the behavior of liquefaction-induced lateral spreading of ground and mechanism of its influencing failure of structures, a shaking table test of a large-scale model with liquefiable sand deposit was performed at the E-Defense shaking table testing facility. The model in a rigid container 16 meters long, 4 meters wide and 5 meters high had a pile-foundation structure behind caisson-type quay wall in the deposit. About 900 sensors and other instrumentations were installed with the model, acquiring accelerations, strains, pore water pressures, and even large displacements occurred by extensive behavior. To the model, two-dimensional, horizontal and vertical motions based …
Numerical And Experimental Investigation Of Soil Behaviour Under Stationary Excitation,
2010
University of Karlsruhe (TH), Germany
Numerical And Experimental Investigation Of Soil Behaviour Under Stationary Excitation, Holger Wienbroer, Daniel Rebstock, Gerhard Huber
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The effect of earthquakes on the behavior of soil and/or structures is usually investigated using earthquake-like signals as input for loading. This holds true for most of numerical and experimental simulations. In contrast to those approaches sinusoidal excitation was used here. The benefit of this type of excitation is an increased observability of the system, which is a precondition for a systematic investigation. Since sinusoidal excitation allows a gradually, step by step increase of the applied loading, the state of the soil (density and effective stress) as well as pore water pressure are transient. Therefore they are varying slowly and …
Understanding Seismic Embankment Dam Behavior Through Case Histories,
2010
University of Coimbra, Portugal/ National Laboratory of Civil Engineering (LNEC)
Understanding Seismic Embankment Dam Behavior Through Case Histories, Pedro Simão Sêco E Pinto
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
From the lessons learned from past earthquakes, it is noticed that modern embankment dams withstand the design earthquake without significant damages. In spite of this scenario it is important to prevent the occurrence of incidents and accidents of embankment dams during the earthquakes and so a deep understanding of the triggering factors is important. Well documents case histories from many parts of the world related embankment dams behaviour during recent earthquakes were carefully selected and are discussed. Based in the governed factors attention is given to the requirements for materials characterization, modelling, analysis, monitoring and safety evaluation. Ageing effects and …
Numerical Study Of The Seismic Response Of An Urban Overpass Support System,
2010
Instituto de Ingeniería, UNAM, Mexico
Numerical Study Of The Seismic Response Of An Urban Overpass Support System, Juan M. Mayoral, Francisco A. Flores, Miguel P. Romo, Manuel J. Mendoza
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
A strategic urban overpass is to be built in the so-called transition and hill zones in Mexico City. The subsoil conditions at these zones typically consist on soft to stiff clay and medium to dense sand deposits, randomly interbedded by loose sand lenses, and underlain by rock formations that may outcrop in some areas. Several critical supports of this overpass are going to be instrumented with accelerometers, inclinometers and extensometers to assess their seismic performance during future earthquakes and to generate a database to calibrate soil-structure-interaction numerical models. This paper presents the seismic performance evaluation of one of these supports. …
Architecture As An Expression Of Identity: Abbas Hilmi Ii And The Neo-Mamluk Style,
2010
School of Oriental and African Studies, Germany
Architecture As An Expression Of Identity: Abbas Hilmi Ii And The Neo-Mamluk Style, Nadania Idriss
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
This paper examines the religious architecture that was built at the end of the nineteenth, beginning of the twentieth century, during the rule of Abbas Hilmi II (1892-1914). The architecture is examined in light of the political and cultural climate of the time period. European influences brought new tastes for building styles, and the Neo-Mamluk became popularized for mosque architecture.
Monotonic And Cyclic Behavior Of Helical Screw Piles Under Axial And Lateral Loading,
2010
Ministry of Transportation & Infrastructure, Canada
Monotonic And Cyclic Behavior Of Helical Screw Piles Under Axial And Lateral Loading, Yasser Abdelghany, M. Hesham El Naggar
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The main objectives of this research paper are to: investigate the monotonic and cyclic behavior of helical pile foundation systems, develop new helical screw systems suitable for seismic retrofitting of existing foundations and new structures. The proposed new pile configurations proposed include: fiber reinforced polymer grouted helical screw piles (FRP-G-HSP); and reinforced grouted helical screw piles (RG-HSP) with steel fibers added to the grout. The research methodology involved conducting more than one hundred full scale field load tests on twenty three helical screw piles installed in cohesive soil and subjected to axial and lateral monotonic and cyclic loading in which …
Comparison Of Energies Required To Densify Liquefiable Soil,
2010
Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
Comparison Of Energies Required To Densify Liquefiable Soil, Russell A. Green, James K. Mitchell
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The objective of the study presented herein is to compare the energy required to densify loose, liquefiable sand by various techniques and the energy required to liquefy the soil by earthquake shaking. The states-of-practice for performing remedial ground densification and evaluating earthquake liquefaction potential of loose saturated sands have evolved relatively independently of each other. This is in spite of the fact that the inducement of liquefaction is typically requisite for remedial ground densification of sands. Using the energy required to induce liquefaction as a common metric, simple calculations are presented for estimating the mechanical energy required to densify a …
Performances Of Rockfill Dams During Recent Large Earthquakes,
2010
Chuo University, Japan
Performances Of Rockfill Dams During Recent Large Earthquakes, Kenji Ishihara
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
There has been increasingly high intensity of acceleration ever recorded during earthquakes in recent times. In consistence with this trend several characteristics have been unearthed regarding performances of rockfill dams. With due considerations to these, damage features of high rockfill dams during recent earthqukes in Japan and China are briefly introduced herein, together with those previously reported. As an indicator of overall distress to the dams, the crest settlement was taken up and it was shown that the settlement tends to increase up to about 1.5% of the height of the dam with increasing acceleration during earthquakes.
Integrated Earthquake Resistant Design Of Structure-Foundation Systems,
2010
University of Auckland, New Zealand
Integrated Earthquake Resistant Design Of Structure-Foundation Systems, Michael J. Pender
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
In this paper the case is made for an integrated approach to the earthquake resistant design of structure-foundation systems. Emphasis is placed on the need to analyse the response of a system that has the foundation and structure modelled with comparable levels of sophistication. The paper gives examples which illustrate what can be achieved with simplified models that represent the essence of the structural and foundation behaviour. However, to achieve a truly integrated structure-foundation design the investigation of the soil in which the foundation will be constructed needs to receive effort comparable to that expended in modelling the structurefoundation system. …
Liquefaction Potential Evaluation Based On Site Classes – A Performance Based Approach,
2010
Indian Institute of Science, India
Liquefaction Potential Evaluation Based On Site Classes – A Performance Based Approach, T. G. Sitharam, K. S. Vipin
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Lots of research work is being carried out in evaluating the liquefaction susceptibility. The main objectives of these studies are to identify the regions which are vulnerable to liquefaction. In the present study, an attempt has been made to predict the liquefaction susceptibility based on corrected SPT values required to prevent the liquefaction for given return periods. The evaluation of liquefaction susceptibility requires the calculation of two parameters, seismic loading and the soil resistance. In most of the studies, the seismic loading will be evaluated based on probabilistic methods and the evaluation of soil resistance will be done based on …
