Estimation Of Lateral Load Capacity Of Short Piles Under Earthquake Force,
2010
Petrofac Int. Ltd., United Arab Emirates
Estimation Of Lateral Load Capacity Of Short Piles Under Earthquake Force, Indrajit Chowdhury, Shambhu P. Dasgupta
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Lateral load induced in piles (both long and short) under earthquake is a problem of serious complexity that has been plaguing professional engineers and researchers alike for quite some time. The practice in vogue is to ensure that fixed base shear of the column does not exceed static shear load capacity of the piles. Inertial and stiffness effects of pile are usually ignored in dynamic earthquake analysis. The present paper proposes a method where, based on modal response or time history analysis, load on short piles may be estimated under earthquake considering its stiffness, inertia, effect of material and geometric …
Effects Of Soil-Structure Interaction On Stress Distribution Within A Pile Group Under Multi-Dimensional Loading,
2010
Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
Effects Of Soil-Structure Interaction On Stress Distribution Within A Pile Group Under Multi-Dimensional Loading, Hiroko Suzuki, Kohji Tokimatsu
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
To investigate inertial and kinematic effects on stress distributions within a pile group, physical model tests were conducted at EDefense, one of the largest shaking table facilities in the world. A 3x3 steel pile group supporting a foundation with a superstructure was set in a dry sand deposit prepared in a cylindrical laminar box with a height of 6.5 m and a diameter of 8.0 m. Natural periods of superstructures were variable in the tests. The tests were conducted under one-, two- or three-dimensional shaking. The test results have shown that pile stresses were mainly controlled by the inertial force …
Influence Of Soil-Structure Interaction On Seismic Response Of Shear Buildings,
2010
University of Florence, Italy
Influence Of Soil-Structure Interaction On Seismic Response Of Shear Buildings, Stefano Renzi, George Mylonakis, Giovanni Vannucchi, Claudia Madiai
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The beneficial or detrimental effect of dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) is a controversial issue. With reference to an idealized R/C shear building, a comprehensive comparison between the results obtained with a classical fixed-base analysis and a complete SSI analysis is provided in the present paper. The shear-type structure is modeled as generalized Single Degree Of Freedom (SDOF) system using the principle of virtual displacements. The foundation consists of surface square foundations resting on different soil conditions, consistent with the provisions of EC8-part I. SSI effects in the far-field of earthquakes was evaluated by direct application of the elastic pseudo-acceleration/displacement design …
Interaction Between Superstructure And Substructure In Railways,
2010
University of Thessaly, Greece
Interaction Between Superstructure And Substructure In Railways, Konstantinos Giannakos
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The railway track superstructure undertakes the forces that develop during train movement and distributes them towards its seating. The track panel (sleepers with their fastenings or slab with the fastenings) plays a key role in terms of load distribution, while at the same time it ensures the stability of the geometrical distance between the rails. Earthworks and ballast (if it exists) undergo residual deformations, settlements and lateral displacements, directly influencing the deterioration of the so-called geometry of the track, which can be nevertheless described much more specifically as quality of the track. In this paper, a parametric investigation of the …
Nonlinear Soil-Pile Interaction Under Vertical And Coupled Motion,
2010
National Institute of Technology, India
Nonlinear Soil-Pile Interaction Under Vertical And Coupled Motion, Bappaditya Manna, Dilip Kumar Baidya
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
This paper presents the test results of single (L/d = 15) and 2 x 2 group piles (L/d = 15 and s/d = 2, 3, 4) subjected to strong vertical and coupled vibration. The observed response curves display marked nonlinearity as the natural frequencies decreases with increasing intensity of excitation. The measured response is compared with the results obtained by using the continuum approach of Novak with dynamic interaction factor. To account for the nonlinear response of the piles, provisions are made for yielding of soil around the piles by introducing the weak boundary zone effect concept in the model. …
Numerical Analysis Of Disconnected Spread Footing On Soft Soil During Strong Earthquake,
2010
Bilfinger Berger Civil, Germany
Numerical Analysis Of Disconnected Spread Footing On Soft Soil During Strong Earthquake, Sascha Richter, Roberto O. Cudmani
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
For the design of the Golden Ears approach bridge in Vancouver (Canada) a disconnected spread footing (DSF) was considered as alternative to a conventional pile foundation. In a DSF, a spread footing rests on natural ground improved by piles. Footing and piles are separated by a layer of coarse grained material. The mechanisms governing the behavior of the DSF during strong earthquake events have been investigated in a numerical finite element (FE) analysis using a (visco-)hypoplastic constitutive relationship. The FE model consists of a soil column (height 45 m) which includes the concrete piles. The superstructure is represented by a …
Pile-In-Tube Foundations With Reserve Switch-Off Elements And Other Systems For Seismic Response Adaptive Control,
2010
Research Center for Earthquake Engineering and Urban Risk Mitigation (RCEE), Russia
Pile-In-Tube Foundations With Reserve Switch-Off Elements And Other Systems For Seismic Response Adaptive Control, J. M. Eisenberg
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Predominant ground motion frequencies and spectra could differ sufficiently at different earthquakes on one site. The reasons of the differences are the epicenter distance, the focal depth, and many others. As it is well known, the frequency spectral configuration and predominant frequency values influence the structural seismic response and seismic behavior of structures (Mexico earthquakes 1957, 1962; Bucharest, 1977, Spitak, Armenia, 1988 and other). The maximum seismic response depends of how close the fundamental frequency values of the structure are to the predominant ground motion frequencies. Seismoisolation as an effective approach to seismic response control became popular recent decades in …
Seismic Analysis Of Pile Group Using Pseudostatic Approach,
2010
Tehran University, Iran
Seismic Analysis Of Pile Group Using Pseudostatic Approach, H. Elahi, M. Moradi, H. G. Poulos, A. Ghalandarzadeh
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
This paper evaluates a simple approximate pseudostatic method for estimating the maximum internal forces and horizontal displacements of pile group subjected to lateral seismic excitation. The method involves two main steps. At first the free-field soil movements caused by the earthquake are computed. Then the response of the pile group based on the maximum free-field soil movements which considered as static movements as well as a static loading at the pile head, which depends on the computed spectral acceleration of the structure being supported is analyzed. The methodology takes into account the effects of group interaction and soil yielding at …
Seismic Response Of Barrage Raft Floor Under Heterogeneous Soil Medium,
2010
Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, India
Seismic Response Of Barrage Raft Floor Under Heterogeneous Soil Medium, Kumar Venkatesh, A. D. Pandey, N. K. Samadhiya
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Seismic analyses of a barrage raft floor resting on homogeneous and heterogeneous subsoil condition were carried out by means of finite element modeling and analysis. Three dimensional models considering soil-raft-structure system were developed for both circumstances. The soil continuum, cut-off, pier, beam and abutment were modeled using eight noded brick element whereas raft floor was modeled using four noded plate bending element. The relevant amount of soil around and bottom of the barrage raft foundation has been modeled to find the effect of homogeneous and heterogeneous soil media on the seismic behavior of barrage raft floor. The seismic analysis was …
Seismic Response Of Inelastic Pile Foundations: A New Performance Based Design Philosophy,
2010
National Technical University of Athens, Greece
Seismic Response Of Inelastic Pile Foundations: A New Performance Based Design Philosophy, Nikos Gerolymos, Vassilis Drosos, George Gazetas
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
While seismic codes do not allow plastic deformation of piles, the Kobe earthquake has shown that limited structural yielding and cracking of piles may not be always detrimental. This paper focuses on the influence of soil compliance, pile-to-pile interaction, intensity of seismic excitation, pile diameter, above–ground height of the pile, location of plastic hinges (above or below ground development), on the seismic response of pile supported bridge structures. Evaluation of the bridge pier behaviour is achieved through key performance measure indices, as is: the displacement (global) and curvature (local) ductility demands and the maximum drift ratio. It is shown that …
Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis For Bridge Caisson Foundation,
2010
Earth Mechanics Inc., Oakland, CA
Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis For Bridge Caisson Foundation, Zhao Cheng, Hubert Law, Yang Jiang
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
In the practical seismic analysis for the project of South Park Bridge Replacement, the caisson foundations are modeled as Winkler springs in the global bridge model. The global bridge model is then excited by depth-varying ground motions acting along the height of the caisson. The foundation model would entail Winkler springs distributed over the surfaces of caisson to represent the soil continuum underlying the foundation and passive soil pressure acting on the sides. The soil springs are nonlinear for consideration of yielding of localized soil. In addition, gapping elements can also be implemented in series with the soil springs to …
Structure-To-Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis: A Case Study,
2010
Bechtel National, Inc., Frederick, MD
Structure-To-Soil-Structure Interaction Analysis: A Case Study, Lisa M. Anderson, Tarek Elkhoraibi
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Current industry codes, such as ASCE 4-98 recommend consideration of Structure-to-Soil-Structure Interaction (SSSI) only when it is determined to have a significant effect on local results. In some cases, it is not computationally feasible, or too costly, to analyze an explicit model including a complex of all contributing structures. The significance of SSSI is dependent upon several variables, namely the characteristics of the soil, structures, and ground motion, as well as the spatial distance between structures. The SSSI effect is most significant for lighter structures adjacent to more massive structures that are founded on soil sites. The Hanford Waste Treatment …
Times-History Finite Element Dynamic Analysis - Soil Nail Wall - San Manuel Casino - Highland, California,
2010
PB&A Inc., San Anselmo, CA
Times-History Finite Element Dynamic Analysis - Soil Nail Wall - San Manuel Casino - Highland, California, Pirooz Barar, Qing Liu
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The site of the proposed Phase II Parking Facility at the San Manuel Resort Casino, Highland, California, is on a sloped terrain where there is a 35 ft. grade differential from the north to the south end of the planned structure. PB&A, Inc. was selected to design a 12,000 square foot Soil-Nailed wall with a maximum height of 37 ft. to protect the Parking Structure from the soil pressures resulting from sloping ground conditions at the site. The project site is located within 100 feet of the San Andreas Fault in the highly seismic Southern California region, characterized by numerous …
Wave-Induced Strength Weakening Of Soft Clay Below A Prefabricated Caisson Dike,
2010
Tianjing University, China
Wave-Induced Strength Weakening Of Soft Clay Below A Prefabricated Caisson Dike, Shuwang Yan, Jian Chu, Qijin Fan
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
A case history of constructing offshore guide dikes on soft clay is presented in this paper. The guide dikes were constructed near the Shanghai Port, China, for deepening of navigation channel along the Yangtze Estuary. The guide dikes were designed as gravity retaining structures using prefabricated, semi-circular shaped concrete caissons. Some sections of the guide dikes were installed on a thick layer of soft soils. During the construction, the caissons in one section failed under a heavy storm. The causes of failure were investigated by running dynamic triaxial tests on undisturbed soil samples taken from the construction site, associated with …
Soft Soil Effect On Soft Storey Response,
2010
Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Bangladesh
Soft Soil Effect On Soft Storey Response, Tahmeed M. Al-Hussaini, Kamruzzaman Khan
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Multi-storied reinforced concrete frame (RCF) buildings with open first storey to provide parking space is common in Dhaka city, the capital of Bangladesh. Such buildings are likely to produce soft storey action when subjected to earthquake loadings. Bangladesh building code places Dhaka in a moderate earthquake zone with a zone coefficient (Z) value of 0.15. Several soft soil sites exist in the city, most of which have been created by filling up of low lands and water bodies without proper compaction. Such soft soil sites are likely to produce major site amplification effects during earthquakes. One-dimensional wave propagation using the …
The Variable Damping Concept In Pile Capacity Prediction By Wave Equation Analysis,
2010
VIBRACONSULT, Cleveland, OH
The Variable Damping Concept In Pile Capacity Prediction By Wave Equation Analysis, Mark R. Svinkin
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
A wave equation method is applied for pre-driving analysis of driveability calculations and capacity prediction of driven piles. For the majority of piles, there are substantial differences between predicting results and pile capacities determined from static or dynamic tests. Correct calculations of the dynamic resistance are important for accurate prediction of the pile capacity. The dynamic resistance depends on the pile velocity and the damping coefficient, but both of them cannot reflect time-dependent changes of the pile-soil system after the end of driving. Variation of the pile-soil system after pile installation can be taken into account with a variable damping …
A Review Of Seismic Lrfd (Load-And-Resistance Factor Design) Method For Mse (Mechanically Stabilized Earth) Walls,
2010
The Reinforced Earth Company, San Diego, CA
A Review Of Seismic Lrfd (Load-And-Resistance Factor Design) Method For Mse (Mechanically Stabilized Earth) Walls, Fransiscus S. Hardianto, Kim M. Truong, John E. Sankey
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
The introduction of AASHTO’s LRFD (load-and-resistance factor design) method for the design of MSE (mechanically stabilized earth) walls in 2004 has gradually replaced conventional state-of-the-practice seismic ASD (allowable stress design) method in some states, and by FHWA mandate should completely replace the ASD method by 2010. Limit equilibrium analyses based on Mononabe- Okabe (M-O) pseudo-static method had been the standard method of estimating the seismic external thrust and inertia force for MSE walls. Considering the flexible nature of MSE walls that allow deformation without compromising structural integrity, in the LRFD method, the displacement based pseudo-static method that was developed from …
Application Of Vertical Reinforcement For Performance Enhancement Of Reinforced Soil Under Seismic Loading,
2010
University of Technology, Australia
Application Of Vertical Reinforcement For Performance Enhancement Of Reinforced Soil Under Seismic Loading, Binod Shrestha, Hadi Khabbaz
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Reinforced soils have been widely used in geotechnical structures as a result of their satisfactory performance and cost effectiveness. A number of investigations have been carried out to find out the seismic deformation modes of reinforced soil walls with conventional horizontal inclusions. This study puts forward a new concept of soil reinforcement, applying vertical reinforcement together with conventional horizontal reinforcement. A key difference between the general practice and after insertion of vertical reinforcement is that the latter not only provides passive resistance against shearing due to making intact layers but also increases the strength and stability of the reinforced soil. …
Effects Of Internal Gas Explosion On An Underwater Tunnel Roof,
2010
University of Baghdad, Iraq
Effects Of Internal Gas Explosion On An Underwater Tunnel Roof, Omar Al-Farouk Salem Al-Damluji, Akram Younis Thannon Al-Sa'aty, Rafi' Mahmoud Sulaiman Al-Nu'aimy
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
An underwater reinforced concrete tunnel roof is subjected to an internal gas explosion. Dynamic analyses are performed for three cases, namely, (1) an uncoupled solution, (2) class II coupling analysis and (3) full model with class I and II couplings. Three load cases are considered, dead (gravity) load, uniformly distributed vertical loads from sand and water and finally an internal pressure gas explosion. Linear and non-linear constitutive relationships are considered for the materials constituting the gas explosion problem. Results include time deflection of tunnel roof, time histories of stresses in vertical reinforcing bars and contours of concrete stresses for tunnel …
Effects Of Wall-Soil-Structure Interaction On Seismic Response Of Retaining Wall,
2010
IIS Bangalore, India
Effects Of Wall-Soil-Structure Interaction On Seismic Response Of Retaining Wall, Aditya Parihar, Navjeev Saxena, D. K. Paul
International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics
Retaining walls have suffered damages under past earthquakes. Usually the analyses do not consider the retained soil’s interaction with the wall, which takes place during dynamic conditions. The consideration makes the wall-soil system more flexible than the wall alone. The conditions of separation of wall (during interactions) again change the dynamic characteristics of the assumed wall-soil system that needs to be addressed. The paper presents a study on the behavior of the retaining wall under static as well as seismic conditions considering above aspects. The wall-soil interaction model incorporates the modeling of interface between them. The system is idealized as …
