Aerospace Engineering Commons^™

Bipyrimidine Signatures As A Photoprotective Genome Strategy In G+C-Rich Halophilic Archaea, Daniel L. Jones, Bonnie K. Baxter

Utah Space Grant Consortium

Halophilic Archaea

• Experience high levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in their environments

• Demonstrate high resistance to UV • Are protected by pigmentation and efficient DNA repair

• Have high genomic G+C content

Halophiles And Biogeography, Bex Kemp, Adam Wolford, Bonnie Baxter

Utah Space Grant Consortium

Halophilic Archaea

•Halophilic archaea dominate the Earth’s many hypersaline environments such as Great Salt Lake (GSL)

• They are multi-extremophiles, tolerating not only salinity, but also desiccation and high levels of UV irradiation

• Halorubrum is a genus of Halophilic archaea with wide distribution around the Earth

• The distribution of Halorubum across space and time begs the question of the mechanism behind the biogeography.

Analysis Of Oxygen-Conserving Delivery Methods, Jason King, Lara Brewer, Soren Hoehne, Joseph Orr

Utah Space Grant Consortium

•Oxygen therapy is needed to help treat patients with a variety of medical conditions.

•Oxygen conservation methods can be used to deliver oxygen only during beginning of inspiration.

•This can provide the same medical benefits as constant oxygen delivery while using less oxygen and reducing costs.

•These conserving methods include intermittent flow devices and reservoir cannulas.

•Our goal was to optimize a pulse flow and reservoir cannula device for use in children age 5 years and under.

Utah State University Design, Build, Fly 2016-17, Matthew Nelson, Spencer Wendell

Utah Space Grant Consortium

Competition Requirements

•Folding Design

• Entire design must fold and stow in a tube.

• Four Missions

• Ground Test –The whole system, in stowed condition, must survive a drop onto concrete.

• Demonstration Flight –Short flight to verify capabilities.

• Speed Mission –Complete 3 laps with a payload of 3 pucks as fast as possible.

• Endurance Mission –Fly as many laps as possible in 5 minutes with 3 or more pucks.

Using Heart Rate Waveform Patterns And Frequency To Detect Postoperative Airway Obstruction, Anh Pham, Lara Brewer

Utah Space Grant Consortium

Hypoventilation has a high risk of happening during the first 24 hours after the initiation of opioids (drugs used for treating pain) in postoperative patients.

Current techniques to detect airway obstruction either have high false positive rate, delay indicator or ineffective cost.

Our solution is to build a reliable respiratory depression monitoring technique integrated from pulse oximeter waveform pattern signal and its frequency.

Combining Undergraduate Student Curriculum, Research, And Outreach: High Altitude Balloons And Rockets, Eric Davis, Russell Garner, Ryley Shingleton, Brittany Williams, Jason Sheetz, Kim Nielsen

Utah Space Grant Consortium

Student research is known to be a high-impact learning to participating students. At Utah Valley University, we are introducing a student-driven research paradigm where the research is integrated with the undergraduate curriculum and students form their own scientific hypotheses and design experiments to address the science objectives.

Extracting Dna From Salt: Using Picogreen To Explore Detection Limits, Joshua Webb, Luisa Rusta, Erin Tabish, Edgar Chavez, Brett Denney, Bonnie Baxter

Utah Space Grant Consortium

Biological materials surviving in modern halite (salt) on Earth may point to a method for detection of potential or former life in salt deposits on Mars. This project attempts to find an efficient method extracting cells and DNA from modern halite crystals to gain more insight into efficient method of extracting DNA from ancient salt. Our method considers the limitations of Mars Rover techniques in terms of reagents and simplicity. Halite was collected form the north shore of Great Salt Lake, Utah. Through direct experimentation, we designed a filtration system to isolate DNA from salt samples and refined this process …

The Space Survivability Test Chamber, Alexander Souvall, Benjamin Russon, Brian Wood, Gregory Wilson, Jr Dennison

Utah Space Grant Consortium

The Space Survivability Test Chamber (SST) provides an extensive, versatile, and cost-effective system for pre-launch verification and assessment of small satellites, system components, and spacecraft materials. A UNSGC Faculty Research Infrastructure Grant was awarded a for the purpose of making improvements to enhance and extend the capabilities of the SST. Since the SST was brought online in August 2016, several externally funded projects have been completed and collaborative projects with The University of Tsukuba (Japan) and Logan High School (Utah). Many more projects are forthcoming and the capabilities of the SST continue to be improved and developed for the future.

Design Of In-Flight Instrumentation To Characterize A Hybrid Thruster, Stephen Whitmore, Hybrid Thrustuer Usip Team

Utah Space Grant Consortium

The NASA Undergraduate Student Instrument Project (USIP) is a program with the goal to provide hands-on flight project experience to undergraduate programs, and to fly new technology in space to improve Technology Readiness Level (TRL).

Survey Of Mars South Polar Craters For Subsurface Water Ice, John Armstrong, Michael Hernandez, Mars South Pole Survey Team

Utah Space Grant Consortium

Mars' polar ice caps experience seasonal sublimation, the process in which ice skips a liquid state, and moves directly from solid ice to gaseous vapor. Through geospatial analysis, we identify craters, observe geomorphology, then search for correlations with temperature and albedo to study the climate interaction between the surface and atmosphere in a search for liquid water.

The Utah Robotic Mining Project, Jonathan Davies, Utah Mining Robotics Team

Utah Space Grant Consortium

Autonomous robotics technology is improving at an exponential rate, and has the potential to be the largest leap in technology since the invention of the personal computer. Robot Operating System (ROS) [1] is a catalyst in the development of fully autonomous robots. With a large community of developers and many resources available, it allows researchers to focus their time on implementing fully autonomous systems on their robotic platform, instead of spending time developing algorithms.

This research focuses on the development of an autonomous robotic system using ROS, with the purpose of competing in the NASA Robotic Mining Competition [2]. While …

Literature Review: Biomimetic And Conventional Aircraft Wing Tips, Naseeb Ahmed Siddiqui, Waqar Asrar, Erwin Sulaeman

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

This paper is an attempt to summarize the effect of wing tip devices employed by birds, as well as aeronautical engineers in the past to improve the performance characteristics of aircraft. The focus is on reduction of the induced drag or drag due to lift also known as inviscid drag. This paper will provide an insight on both biomimetic and conventional wing tip approaches to reduce the induced drag. Prior analysis and experiments on the aerodynamics of airplane performance due to both these separate studies have been discussed. The needs of the industry and their past inventions have been described …

Undergraduate Examination Of Pollutant Aerosols In Earth's Atmosphere, Matthew Toon, Tyler Weenig, Zach Collins, Fred Davis, Christopher Maughan, Kyle Strong, Kim Nielsen

Utah Space Grant Consortium

Air pollution can result from both natural and human-caused actions. Natural pollutants may result from events like: forest fires, volcanic eruptions, wind erosion, natural radioactivity, etc. Human pollutants can result from: toxic emissions from vehicles or manufacturing plants, burning fossil fuels, household or farming chemicals released into the air, second hand smoke from tobacco users, etc.

Pollution can obviously have an extremely negative effect on the air quality that we as humans, as well as all living creatures, breathe and depend on for life. Pollution can also negatively impact water and soil by introducing toxins into these resources needed for …

Hapcad, Prototype For The Gaspacs Aeroboom Deployment, Jan J. Sojka, Get Away Special Team

Utah Space Grant Consortium

This past summer the Utah State University Get Away Special Microgravity Research Team tested several of their prototypes on high altitude balloons. They had a total of four balloon launches were they collected a variety of data. Their primary purpose was to test their passive stabilization mechanism called the Aeroboom.

Byu Passive Inspection Cubesats (Pics), David Long, Passive Inspection Cubesat Usip Team

Utah Space Grant Consortium

The BYU Passive Inspection CubeSat (PICS) is the first stage of a series of technology demonstration missions for spacecraft capable of performing inspection, maintenance and assembly on another spacecraft. PICS will demonstrate ultrafast booting and power-up operation of system electronics and the low-risk inspection of the exterior of a spacecraft by a passive, inexpensive flyaway probe. Two flight systems deployed simultaneously will enable the collection of image data from each other as well as the parent spacecraft. Both units include spherical imaging capability using a camera on each face of the 10 cm cube so that attitude control is not …

Study Of Knowledge-Based System (Kbs) And Decision Making Methodologies In Materials Selection For Lightweight Aircraft Metallic Structures, Pashupati R. Adhikari, Reza Mirshams

Journal of Applied Science & Engineering Technology

This paper presents an overview of knowledge-based system (KBS) in the context of decision making methodologies used in materials selection for the design of light weight aircraft metallic structures. Overall aircraft weight reduction means substantially less fuel consumption and better efficiency. Part of the solution to this problem is to find a way to reduce overall weight of metallic structures in the aircraft. Two distinct multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) methodologies are presented with examples featuring a set of short-listed materials suitable in the design of the structures. Pre-defined constraint values, mainly mechanical properties, are employed as relevant attributes satisfying …

Interactions Of A Co-Rotating Vortex Pair At Multiple Offsets, Kyle Forster, Tracie Barber, Sammy Diasinos, Graham Doig

Aerospace Engineering

Two NACA0012 vanes at various lateral offsets were investigated by wind tunnel testing to observe the interactions between the streamwise vortices. The vanes were separated by nine chord lengths in the streamwise direction to allow the upstream vortex to impact on the downstream geometry. These vanes were evaluated at an angle of incidence of 8° and a Reynolds number of 7 x 10⁴ using particle image velocimetry. A helical motion of the vortices was observed, with rotational rate increasing as the offset was reduced to the point of vortex merging. Downstream meandering of the weaker vortex was found to …

An Exact Analysis For Four-Order Acousto-Optic Bragg Diffraction Which Incorporates Both Incident Light Angle And Sound Frequency Dependencies, Adeyinka Sunday Ademola

Electrical Engineering Theses

This thesis extends the prior work which produced an exact solution to the four-order acousto-optic (AO) Bragg cell with assumed fixed center frequency and with exact Bragg angle incident light. The extension predicts the model that incorporates the dependencies of both the input angle of light and the sound frequency. Specifically, a generalized 4^th order linear differential equation (DE), is developed from a simultaneous analysis of four coupled AO system of DEs. Through standard methods, the characteristic roots, which requires solving a quartic equation, is produced. Subsequently, a derived system of homogeneous solutions, which absorbs the roots obtained using …

Gain Scheduling Controller For Aircraft With Mass And Inertia Variation, Eunyoung Kim

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Robustness is one of the main control design requirements for aircraft control.Robustness is sought in the stability and performance of closed loop system against various factors such as disturbance, measurement error, modeling error or un-modeled dynamics. In aircraft control design, it is common to assume that the mass and inertia properties of aircraft are constant. Further, aircraft is assumed to have symmetry inits mass distribution relative to its mid-vertical plane. There are, however, cases where the aircraft mass changes rapidly, most notably in aerial refueling operation.The mass change also results in changes in the inertia matrix. An aircraft may also …

On Space Program Planning: Quantifying The Effects Of Spacefaring Goals And Strategies On The Solution Space Of Feasible Programs, Mark Douglas Coley

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

An organization's space program represents the coalescence of top-level goals and strategies with the specific, lower-level combinations of mission architectures, hardware, and technology. High costs and long lead times necessitate substantial planning and key decisions to be made years, possibly decades, in advance. Unfortunately, the methods and processes available for planning have historically been unable to provide decision-makers with objective, quantitative information from both the top and lower levels of the space program. Instead, decision-makers are forced to turn to top-level, qualitative assessments, disconnected from any of the fundamental, technical details, where inconsistent comparisons and secondary effects often become the …