Architectural Engineering Commons^™

Effect Of Competitive Adsorption Between Specialty Admixtures And Superplasticizer On Structural Build-Up And Hardened Property Of Mortar Phase Of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete, Le Teng, Jingjie Wei, Kamal Khayat, Joseph J. Assaad

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study aims to enhance structural build-up of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) without influencing the initial flowability, which is critical in repair applications (e.g., use of UHPC in thin bonded overlays for bridge deck rehabilitation). Specialty admixtures, such as a viscosity-modifying admixture (VMA), have been used to enhance the structural build-up at rest. However, the use of specialty admixtures can increase superplasticizer (SP) demand to maintain proper flowability; the synergistic effect of these admixtures on structural build-up is not well understood as the coupled admixture content can reverse the net effect on yield stress, viscosity, and thixotropy. In this study, VMAs …

Development And Characterization Of Coal-Based Thermoplastic Composite Material For Sustainable Construction, Haibin Zhang, Wenyu Liao, Genda Chen, Hongyan Ma

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The exploitation of coal and the disposal of waste plastic present significant environmental and economic challenges that require sustainable and profitable solutions. In response, we propose a renewable construction composite material of coal-based thermoplastic composite (CTC) that can be made from low-grade coal and plastic waste. We developed and tested the hot-press fabrication method for this CTC, using coal with a maximum particle size of 4.75 mm and recycled high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The effects of the coal fraction (50–80 wt.%) on compressive properties, thermal properties, microstructure, and ecological and economic efficiencies of the CTC were investigated. Test results revealed that …

Machine Learning-Based Seismic Damage Assessment Of Residential Buildings Considering Multiple Earthquake And Structure Uncertainties, Xinzhe Yuan, Liujun Li, Haibin Zhang, Yanping Zhu, Genda Chen, Cihan H. Dagli

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Wood-frame structures are used in almost 90% of residential buildings in the United States. It is thus imperative to rapidly and accurately assess the damage of wood-frame structures in the wake of an earthquake event. This study aims to develop a machine-learning-based seismic classifier for a portfolio of 6,113 wood-frame structures near the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ) in which synthesized ground motions are adopted to characterize potential earthquakes. This seismic classifier, based on a multilayer perceptron (MLP), is compared with existing fragility curves developed for the same wood-frame buildings near the NMSZ. This comparative study indicates that the MLP …

A Spike-Shaped Anchorage For Steel Reinforced Polymer (Srp)-Strengthened Concrete Structures, Xingxing Zou, Keenan L. Mcburney, Lesley H. Sneed

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Steel reinforced polymer (SRP) composite has recently emerged as an effective and economical solution for strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Premature debonding failure of unanchored SRP at low load levels generally governs the performance of RC structures strengthened with externally bonded SRP. Therefore, a novel yet simple spike-shaped anchorage system was proposed in this study to prevent the debonding failure of SRP and to improve the interfacial shear capacity. Experimental investigation through single-lap shear tests of SRP-concrete joints showed that the anchorage system changed the failure mode from composite debonding to fiber rupture. In addition, the anchorage system substantially …

Evaluating Placemaking Strategies In Old Cairo Public Squares, Moaz St. Plazas., Aya Tarek Ibrahem Aya Tarek

Future Engineering Journal

According to UN-Habitat (2015), “Public spaces are all places publicly owned or of public use, accessible and enjoyable by all for free and without profit motive” (p.1). The characteristics of public spaces mentioned in this definition, which are mainly public ownership of the place, enjoyability, and free accessibility by all, are pertinent to the uses of streets in general and pedestrian-friendly streets in specific.

Public space is more than well-designed physical places. It is an arena for social interaction and active citizenship that can spark social and economic development and drive environmental sustainability. The design, provision, and maintenance of well-connected …

Evaluation Of Static Horizontal Louvers On Annual Daylighting Performance In Classrooms, Kamal A. Saleem, Samir S. Hosny, Ashraf Nessim

Future Engineering Journal

Daylighting has a great impact on students’ health, learning performance, and productivity. The goal of this paper is to enhance daylighting performance by examining year-round daylighting performance of Southern facades in the case of one central window in a classroom located in Cairo, Egypt by using static external horizontal shading devices during the Fall, Spring and Summer semesters The scope of the study is to evaluate and assess the effect of the window-to-wall ratio (WWR) in addition to the louvers’ configurations of depth and count parameters of the classroom on annual daylighting performance metrics for classrooms’ southern facades by using …

Signal Classification Based On Analog Computing Using Mems Network, Mohammad Okour

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The rising complexity of machine learning algorithms and Artificial Intelligence in many applications, such as smart building, has prompted the development of alternate computing options. Because of their compact size, low power consumption, and diverse functionality, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) have emerged as a possible candidate. This thesis focuses on using MEMS networks as computing units to classify a simple signal classification task using neural network methodology. The study intends to show the potential of using MEMS as an analog computing unit by discussing the advantage of the bi-stability pull-in behavior and hysteresis to create an accurate classifier of these waveforms. …

Experiential Learning And Exposure To Professional Experience In Civil Engineering Education, Sanjay Tewari

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Experiential learning is increasingly recognized as a crucial component of modern education, especially in fields like civil engineering, where practical skills and real-world exposure are paramount. This paper explores the various avenues through which civil engineering education can offer professional exposure and experiential learning opportunities. By analyzing the impact of senior seminars, internships, co-ops, undergraduate research, study abroad programs, service learning, student design teams, leadership positions, and involvement in technical and professional student organizations, this paper aims to underscore the importance of these approaches in shaping well-rounded and industry-ready civil engineers.

Effect Of Internal Curing And Shrinkage-Mitigating Materials On Microstructural Characteristics Of Fiber-Reinforced Mortar, Kamran Aghaee, Kamal Khayat

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Internal curing (IC) and other shrinkage mitigating materials are employed to reduce shrinkage and risk of cracking. This study investigates the efficiency of individual versus combined use of IC and shrinkage mitigating materials on key characteristics of fiber-reinforced mortar (FRM). The investigated mixtures include a 25% pre-saturated lightweight sand (LWS) that is added individually and combined with 10% CaO-based expansive agent (EA) and 2% shrinkage reducing admixture (SRA). This elucidates the synergistic effect of high content IC and EA/SRA on macro- and micro-mechanical characteristics of FRM, especially at the interface of the matrix with fibers. Mechanical properties, microstructural characteristics, and …

Viscoelastic Properties Of Fresh Cement Paste: Measuring Procedures And Influencing Parameters, Ammar Yahia, Arnaud Perrot, Dimitri Feys, Kamal Khayat, Mohammed Sonebi, Shiho Kawashima, Wolfram Schmidt

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Fresh cement pastes behave as viscoelastic materials below the flow onset. The measurements of viscoelastic properties of fresh cement paste provide valuable insight into the dispersion of solid particles as well as the hydration kinetics at early age and its influence on the structural evolution and solidification behavior at quasi-static conditions. Monitoring the development of viscoelastic properties of fresh cement paste using dynamic oscillatory shear measurements can also elucidate the working mechanisms of chemical admixtures. These properties are efficient indicators to guide mixture proportion design and are necessary to understand the rheology and stability of concrete. In this paper, the …

Genetic Algorithm Theory In Simulation Programs As A Tool For Improving The Environmental Performance Of Office Buildings, Somaia Mohamed Arafa, Esraa Mohamed Elazab, Nanees Abd Elhamid Elsayyad

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Globally, a large proportion of a building's energy is consumed to achieve thermal comfort, as promoting energy efficiency and environmental sustainability of buildings is an important global goal. Therefore, the new building regulations are geared explicitly toward energy-saving projects. However, there are usually many competitive priorities, such as maximizing energy use in office buildings, leading to the complex multi-objective optimization topic. The main objective of this research was to reduce the energy consumed for cooling load in the office buildings in the city of Cairo, which is located in a hot desert climate. This was achieved by optimizing ten different …

On The Development Of Part-Scale Fem Modeling For Laser Powder Bed Fusion Of Aisi 316l Stainless Steel With Experimental Verification, Muhammad Arif Mahmood, Asif Ur Rehman, M. Mustafa Azeem, Abedalkader Alkhouzaam, Marwan Khraisheh

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), the effects of operating conditions on thermal gradients and residual stresses are the utmost challenges that require significant attention. The magnitudes of residual stress in the printed layers, as well as the distribution along the printed components, have not been well explained for LPBF parts. In this study, a 3D finite element thermo-mechanical model has been established to investigate the effect of operating conditions on thermal distribution, melt pool evolution, residual stress distribution, and part distortion. The printed AISI 316L stainless steel cubes have been characterized experimentally. The results showed a proportional correlation among …

Prediction Of Compressive Strength And Evaluation Of Different Theoretical Standards And Proposed Models Of Brick Columns Confined With Frp, Frcm, Or Srg System, Zuhair Al-Jaberi, John J. Myers

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Strength Capacity of Confined Masonry Column is One of the Topics that Need to Be Studied. in This Study, the Efficiency of using Different Types of Advanced Composite (Non-Corrosive Materials) Such as Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP), Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM), or Steel Reinforced Grout (SRG) in Confining Masonry Columns is Investigated. a Wide Range of Experimental Database of Masonry Column Specimens Has Been Collected from the Results that Available in Scientific Literatures. Different Theoretical Standards and Proposed Models that Used to Predict the Capacity of Masonry Columns Confined with FRP and FRCM Are Evaluated based on Collected Experimental …

A Methodology For Converting An Engineering Program From Quarters To Semesters, Allen Estes, Brent Nuttall, Craig Baltimore, Peter T. Laursen, Michael James Deigert, Cole C. Mcdaniel

Architectural Engineering

California Polytechnic State University in San Luis Obispo has offered classes on the quarter system since its inception in 1946. In the Fall of 2021, the university was mandated to move to the semester system by Fall 2026. After researching the literature and interviewing universities that had made the same conversion in the past, it became apparent that no suggested methodology for making this conversion was available. This paper chronicles the conversion to semester effort to date and suggests a formalized methodology that other institutions can use if found in the same situation.

Some challenges are that initial information from …

Architectural And Heritage Experience Through Playful Learning (An Interdisciplinary And Exploratory Action Research Focused On The Egyptian Context), Atheer Ahmed Salama

Theses and Dissertations

“The lack of awareness of the value of heritage and the lack of opportunities to engage in preserving and safeguarding heritage in the public sphere not only puts the heritage in risk of being irremediably lost. It also impoverishes the younger generation’s sense of identity and belonging within its respective socio-cultural continuum, and thus limits its ability to engage and contribute meaningfully to society at large” (UNESCO, 2021). With conducting this research, the researcher believes that heritage-themed analog games may carve the younger generation’s memory of heritage, allowing them to boost their sense of identity and belonging; thus, widening their …

Privacy Perceptions Transformation In Cairo’S Home Designs - A Case Study: Gated Communities, Yasmine Esmat

Theses and Dissertations

The infrastructure of gated communities in Egypt’s New Cairo and 6th of October cities have become the new normal. The streets bordered by fences, walls, and the occasional gate, formed when two or more gated communities face each other, dominate the urban landscape today (Kostenwein, 2021). Nowadays, it is highly common to see billboards advertising new gated communities everywhere on the roads and bridges. Gated communities offer various privileges, and one of them is privacy. Taking Cairo city with its several gated communities as a case study, the research focuses on the transformation of privacy perception for Cairo’s home designs …

Rejuvenation Effect Of Aged Sbs-Modified Asphalt Utilizing Molecule Analysis, Ke Shi, Feng Ma, Jenny Liu, Zhen Fu, Ruimeng Song, Dongdong Yuan, Chen Li

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Performance of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Modified Asphalt (SBSMA) is Significantly Impacted by its Aging and Regeneration. in This Research, the Molecular Dynamics Simulation Was Utilized to Investigate the Rejuvenation Effect of Active Reagents on Aged SBS Modified Asphalt through the Following Tasks: 1) Verifying the Accuracy of the Asphalt Model by Density and Solubility Parameters; 2) Assessing the Changes in the Rejuvenated Asphalt Model's Energetic Parameters and Volume Parameters, 3) Studying the Interaction Energy between SBS Molecules and Asphalt Molecule Models, and 4) Evaluating the Relative Concentration, Interfacial Interaction Energy, and Diffusion Effect of the Asphalt-Asphalt Models. the Results Indicated that …

Building Envelope Retrofits For Achieving Thermal Comfort In Naturally Ventilated Buildings In Future Climates: A Case Study Of Social Housing In Egypt, Donna Nader Kamel Ebeid

Theses and Dissertations

Envelope thermal insulation has a significant impact on a scale from global to individual interest. It contributes to indoor thermal comfort, provides economic benefit through reduced electricity bills, increases energy efficiency of buildings through reduced energy consumption, and protects against the change in Earth’s climate through reduced greenhouse gas emissions. In 2021, building operations accounted for 30% of global energy consumption, 27% of annual global CO₂ emissions and 35% of building energy use accounted for electricity consumption which is used to create comfortable indoor living conditions. In Egypt, electricity consumption in residential sector has been steadily increasing, among other …

Toward Low Carbon Footprint And Lightweight Masonry Alkali-Activated Material, Zina Ebrahim, Mohammad Mastali, Marc Maguire

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

The portland cement concrete industry and the masonry industry are undergoing changes in response to skilled labor shortages and concerns over climate and pollution. There may be interest from parts of the industry in lower carbon footprint and lightweight masonry products. Toward this aim, the use of hemp shiv--the woody core of the hemp plant--in alkali-activated concrete was investigated herein and shown to have a wide range of impacts on the hardened state characteristics of a material suitable for structural concrete masonry units (CMUs) in accordance with ASTM C90 requirements. Hemp shiv is well known for its use in hempcrete, …

The Impact Of Biophilic Attributes On University Students Level Of Satisfaction: Using Virtual Reality Simulation, Amira Mohamed Mahrous, Khaled Dewidar, Mostafa Refaat, Ashraf Nessim

Architectural Engineering

Biophilic design is a new approach that can enhance human psychological well-being. Most recent studies focus on applying biophilic design to hospitals or office buildings, not academic buildings. While usually ignored, students' level of satisfaction is one of the most important key indicators for a successful learning environment. This paper aims to identify the biophilic design attributes that can potentially contribute to enhancing the students' level of satisfaction. This will be done through an experimental research design using virtual reality in a design studio at The British University in Egypt. Each participant (N = 52) was exposed to the existing …