Applied Use Of Safety Performance Monitoring In Global Aviation Operations,
2019
Wright State University
Applied Use Of Safety Performance Monitoring In Global Aviation Operations, Timothy M. Wilky, Edward M. Austrian, R. Jordan Hinson, Michael W. Sawyer, Mark Milliam
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
For decades, aviation has been at the leading edge of safety and human factors data collection. These data have provided valuable insights into emerging trends and human-system performance needs. As industry continues to improve its data collection capabilities, stakeholders must develop a common understanding and use of safety performance monitoring (SPM) practices and terms governed by ICAO (ICAO Annex 19, ICAO Doc 9859). SPM is a critical component of Safety Management Systems and State Safety Programs. To understand industry’s awareness and use of SPM in current operations, an SPM Survey was administered. Responses were received from 161 domain representatives in …
Multiple Identity Tracking And Motion Extrapolation,
2019
Wright State University
Multiple Identity Tracking And Motion Extrapolation, Ashley Buck, Esa Rantanen
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Multiple Identity Tracking (MIT) is a research paradigm in which individuals track the location and individual identity information of several moving objects in the environment. The present study is an examination of how individuals are able to extrapolate the future movement of moving objects while they are masked. There has been conflicting research on the source of a decline in tracking ability; either the amount of time an object is occluded for, or the distance an object moved during an occlusion. Additionally, previous research has not included the use of a secondary visual search task in a mask. Our design …
A Systems-Based Model And Processes For Integrated Safety Management Systems (I-Sms),
2019
Wright State University
A Systems-Based Model And Processes For Integrated Safety Management Systems (I-Sms), Diogo Silva Castillo
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The study of the vulnerabilities of a system is often organized in a hazard analysis. Methods based on systems thinking are relevant tools to analyze the operation of modern products. The purpose of this research is to develop, implement, and validate a systems-based model for aviation Safety Management Systems (SMS) incorporating the treatment of collected data to foster the effectiveness of mitigating measures over time. The model uses data monitoring systems, management of change reports, flight inspections, voluntary reports, and other sources as input messages to an Active Hazard Analysis. The new requirements, constraints, and the preventing and mitigating measures …
Haptic Support For Avoiding Static And Dynamic Obstacles In Uav Tele-Operation,
2019
Wright State University
Haptic Support For Avoiding Static And Dynamic Obstacles In Uav Tele-Operation, Tomasz Piessens, Rene Van Paassen, Max Mulder
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Impoverished sensory input makes tele-operation of Unmanned Autonomous Vehicles a difficult task. Automation support can provide assistance to the operator, but may also produce automation surprise and a risk of loss of situation awareness, when the human operator fails to notice the actions of automation in high-workload situations. Previous work applied haptic feedback based on an artificial risk field to assist in avoidance of static obstacles with a small helicopter UAV. An off-line analysis of that solution shows that it would not be sufficiently effective for the avoidance of dynamic, moving obstacles. A new haptic assist algorithm, based on velocity …
Designing Military Cockpits To Support A Broad Range Of Personnel Body Sizes,
2019
Wright State University
Designing Military Cockpits To Support A Broad Range Of Personnel Body Sizes, Summer Lindsey, H. C. Neil Ganey, Meredith Carroll
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The Joint Primary Aircraft Training System (JPATS) body size cases provide aircraft designers access to representative Airmen anthropometric dimensions based on a database of air force personnel. To ensure new aircraft can support a broad range of pilot body sizes, designers can reference JPATS case numbers to assure adequate access to specific controls and clearances for ejection. JPATS cases 1 and 7 were added in response to the Air Force’s goal to accommodate 95% of males and females. However, given that someone at the 90th percentile height may not have 90th percentile arm length, a far smaller percentage of accommodation …
Drone Acceptance And Noise Concerns - Some Findings,
2019
Wright State University
Drone Acceptance And Noise Concerns - Some Findings, Hinnerk Eißfeldt, Verena Vogelpohl
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Drones are becoming ever more present in public perception. Ranging from parcel delivery to wildlife protection, from precision farming to law enforcement, and from industrial inspection to digital fireworks, many applications are said to have market changing potential. Against this background, nations and institutions around the world are trying to keep up with the dynamic development concerning rules and regulations. Since all of the parties involved anticipate a strong increase in both the number of drones and their range of uses, there is a rising interest in the acceptance of civil drones in the public. Widespread public acceptance can promote …
Pilot Information Needs For Electronic Data-Driven Charts,
2019
Wright State University
Pilot Information Needs For Electronic Data-Driven Charts, Joseph M. Jaworksi, Michelle Yeh, Cathy Swider
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Electronic charting technology is evolving from “fixed” raster-based charts to data-driven charts, in which information elements shown on the chart can be reconfigured during flight. Specifically, we were interested in identifying a set of minimum information requirements for a concept in which pilots brief with a fixed chart showing all information elements but then fly with an electronic chart, which may or may not include all the information elements that were briefed. Two hundred twenty-nine pilots rated the importance of information elements shown on four different types of aeronautical charts. We analyzed the data using one-way chi-square tests to identify …
Simulating Human-Robot Teamwork Dynamics For Evaluation Of Work Strategies In Human-Robot Teams,
2019
Wright State University
Simulating Human-Robot Teamwork Dynamics For Evaluation Of Work Strategies In Human-Robot Teams, Martijin Ijtsma, Sean Ye, Karen M. Feigh, Amy Pritchett
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
To foster resilience in teams operating in complex work domains, design should allow for a range of work strategies as appropriate to context. This paper describes how computational simulation and network visualization of a team’s work can identify feasible work strategies and assess their appropriateness for different contexts. Network visualizations can identify constraints and dependencies that drive the feasible set of work strategies. After preliminary network analysis, these dependencies and inter-dependencies can be simulated in detail to better understand their impact. To illustrate, we describe a case study that explores two different work strategies that can each address the dependencies …
Collegiate Program Safety Culture Survey – A Comparison Of Disciplines,
2019
Wright State University
Collegiate Program Safety Culture Survey – A Comparison Of Disciplines, Wendy Beckman, Daniel Siao, Carlos Smith, Kevin Corns
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The use of safety culture surveys to determine constituent perception of an organization’s efforts toward safety is widely accepted. However, the use of such surveys to compare disciplines within a collegiate aviation department has infrequently been employed. Students enrolled in flight, maintenance, and UAS programs participated in a safety culture survey, providing data on the safety culture within each program as well as the ability to compare programs. Subscales for safety values, safety fundamentals, and risk assessment were included. There were statistically significant differences in safety values between the maintenance group and both the flight and UAS groups, and between …
Disorientation Research Device Testing Of Synthetic Vision Display Technologies,
2019
Wright State University
Disorientation Research Device Testing Of Synthetic Vision Display Technologies, Lawrence Prinzel, Kyle Ellis, Kathryn Ballard, Renee Lake, Stephanie Nicholas, Trey Arthur, Daniel Kiggins
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
A Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST) study of 18 worldwide loss-of control accidents and incidents determined that the lack of external visual references was associated with a flight crew’s loss of attitude awareness or energy state awareness in 17 of these events. CAST recommended development and implementation of virtual day-Visual Meteorological Condition (VMC) display systems, such as synthetic vision systems, to promote flight crew attitude awareness similar to a day-VMC environment. This paper describes the results of a joint NASA/NAMRU-D study that evaluated virtual day-VMC displays and a “background attitude indicator” concept as an aid to pilots in recovery from …
Psychologists Role In Brazilian Aviation - Present And Perspectives,
2019
Wright State University
Psychologists Role In Brazilian Aviation - Present And Perspectives, Lisia Maria Espinola Da Silva Pacheco Cabral, Selma Leal De Oliveira Ribeiro, Marcia Regina Molinari Barreto, Marcia Fajer, Maria Da Conceição Correia Pereira, Cesar Da Silva Santos
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
This article describes a Group Discussion occurred on the I National Congress of the Brazilian Aviation Psychology Association (ABRAPAV), in 2016. Among 158 participants on the event, 146 took part of this Group Discussion: 75 psychologists; 6 Psychology students; 25 other aviation professionals; 40 professionals with unidentified formation. They chose one of the following subgroups to discuss about Aviation Psychology activities, facilities, difficulties and suggestions: Regular Aviation; Nonregular/ General Aviation; Military Aviation; Regulator Authority/Aeronautical Industry; Clinics/Hospitals; Airclubs/ Aviation Schools/ Universities/Training Centers; Air Navigation/Airports. After the discussion, each subgroup representative presented the results of the main activities, facilities, difficulties and suggestions, …
Reinforcement Learning In Aviation, Either Unmanned Or Manned, With An Injection Of Ai,
2019
Wright State University
Reinforcement Learning In Aviation, Either Unmanned Or Manned, With An Injection Of Ai, Krishnamurthy V. Vemuru, Steven D. Harbour, Jeffery D. Clark
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
We propose a novel theme of aviation with the injection of AI in the form of a reinforcement learning (RL) agent that learns flying skills by observing the pilot’s psychological reaction and flight path in a simulator. The pilot and the RL agent learn flying skills simultaneously, forming a symbiotic relationship. The episodes for training the reinforcement learning agent can be simulated by a pilot flying in a simulator, or unmanned using a game on a computer. In a typical episode, the reinforcement learning agent provides a sequence of actions for the pilot to follow. These instructions produce one of …
Testing The Applicability Of A Checklist-Based Startle Management Method In The Simulator,
2019
Wright State University
Testing The Applicability Of A Checklist-Based Startle Management Method In The Simulator, Annemarie Landman, Sophie H. Van Middelaar, Eric L. Groen, M M. Van Paassen, Adelbert W. Bronkhorst, Max Mulder
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Several checklist-based methods have been proposed to help pilots manage startle in unexpected situations. In the current experiment, we tested how pilots reacted to using such a method, which featured the mnemonic COOL: Calm down – Observe – Outline – Lead. Using a motion-based simulator outfitted with a non-linear aerodynamic model of a small twin-propeller aircraft, twelve pilots practiced using the COOL method before performing four test scenarios involving startling events. Application of the full method in the test scenarios was high (90-100%), and pilots rated the method on average as useful (4 on a 1-5 point Likert scale). The …
Effects Of Verbal Vs Graphical Weather Information On A Pilot’S Decision Making During Preflight,
2019
Wright State University
Effects Of Verbal Vs Graphical Weather Information On A Pilot’S Decision Making During Preflight, Warren Pittorie, Meredith Carroll, Deborah Carstens
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Advancements in technology has made obtaining a graphical/textual preflight weather briefing easier than a traditional verbal briefing. This study compared weather briefings delivered in a verbal format (i.e., written narrative) to those delivered in a graphical format (i,e., radar map plus textual data) in a within-subjects study that altered the order in which participants received each format. Thirty-six pilot participants read and responded to weather briefings for two flight scenarios that when put together, created a simulated multi-leg flight. Each pilot’s decision making and confidence in their decision was captured via Likert-scale and open-ended questions following each scenario. Decision making …
Identifying A Possible Function For Artificial Agent Adaptation In Variable Task Rate Environments,
2019
Wright State University
Identifying A Possible Function For Artificial Agent Adaptation In Variable Task Rate Environments, David J. Canzonetta, Michael E. Miller
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
The current research sought to identify a method to calculate agent response time (ART) as a function of inter-arrival time (IAT), which balances human-agent team performance, human engagement, and human workload. A human-in-theloop experiment evaluated human-agent team performance, as measured by team score, human engagement, as measured by the number of manually performed tasks, and workload, as measured through a subjective questionnaire, as a function of IAT and ART combination. Results demonstrated that task IAT strongly correlated with performance, engagement, and workload, while ART strongly related to engagement. Optimization was applied to the resulting data to determine ARTs which maximized …
Weather Hazards In General Aviation: Human Factors Research To Understand And Mitigate The Problem,
2019
Wright State University
Weather Hazards In General Aviation: Human Factors Research To Understand And Mitigate The Problem, Ian Johnson, Beth Blickensderfer, Goeff Whitehurst, Lori J. Brown, Ulf Ahlstrom, Mary E. Johnson
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Weather-related accidents contribute to general aviation fatal accidents each year. These accidents continue to occur even with advancements in weather information technology available in cockpit display technology and mobile applications. The purpose of this session is to highlight a body of on-going human factors research addressing examining interpretability of aviation weather observations, displays, and forecasts; discussion of results from the weather information latency study; use of augmented reality to enhance aviation education, training, and weather information presentation; increasing the number and detail of GA pilot reports (PIREP’s); and GA Pilot In-flight Visibility Assessments. This paper provides an abstract for each …
Virtual Reality Flight Environments May Tax Working Memory And Disrupt Prospective Memory,
2019
Wright State University
Virtual Reality Flight Environments May Tax Working Memory And Disrupt Prospective Memory, Cassandra Ommerli, Jinous Mirzaagha, Chunyun Ma, Kathleen Van Bentham, Chris Herdman
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
While vivid virtual reality (VR) environments may afford better performance for some flight tasks, it is possible that enhanced stimuli could overload some cognitive resources. Prospective memory (PM) is a cognitive factor sensitive to working memory and visual processing demands, and it may be a performance factor either adversely affected or enhanced by VR factors. Forty-seven pilots flew a VR flight simulation scenario, which included an auditory cue-based PM task. Self-ratings of psychological experiences in VR revealed three factors with relationships to PM: fluency, presence, and interactivity. Path analyses examined the relation of each of these factors with PM, and …
A History Of The Air Traffic Control Collegiate Training Initiative (At-Cti) Program,
2019
Wright State University
A History Of The Air Traffic Control Collegiate Training Initiative (At-Cti) Program, Darendia Mccauley, Dana Broach
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
In the 1989 FAA Flight Plan for Training, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) proposed testing the concept of off-loading some portion of air traffic control specialist (ATCS) training to colleges and universities. This was the genesis of the program that became known as the Air Traffic Collegiate Training Initiative (AT-CTI). The AT-CTI program was initiated as a cost saving effort to defer some of the basic ATCS educational elements to participating colleges and universities. Beginning in 1989, the FAA entered into partnerships with selected post-secondary educational institutions to conduct some portion of ATCS technical training as a demonstration program. The …
Envisioning User Requirements For First-Of-A-Kind Future Rotorcraft,
2019
Wright State University
Envisioning User Requirements For First-Of-A-Kind Future Rotorcraft, Christen Sushereba, Laura Militello, Katie Ernst, Julie Diiulio, Emilie Roth, Scott Scheff, William Huff Iv
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
In this paper, we describe an ongoing effort to envision and articulate requirements for the United States Army’s Future Vertical Lift (FVL) program, specifically related to crewing. The goal of FVL is to develop a new family of rotorcraft that will incorporate advanced technologies to support new capabilities. We will discuss the challenges associated with envisioning a future system, along with approaches to design for the envisioned world with examples. We emphasize the importance of focusing on the envisioned work domain, rather than advances in new technologies. We recommend that by articulating the future work domain, requirements for new technologies …
A New Hmi Evaluation Method (Meria) Based On Pilot's Mental Representations,
2019
Wright State University
A New Hmi Evaluation Method (Meria) Based On Pilot's Mental Representations, Théodore Letouze, Lisa Creno, Jamie Diaz, Sylvian Hourlier, Jean-Marc Andre
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2019
Continuous evolution of HMIs is necessary to keep operators in an optimal situation. In this context, we consider mental representations (MR) mobilized by operators as key elements for decisionmaking. Capturing and analysing these representations is not easy with existing tools. We propose a specific method (i.e. "MERIA" for Mental Representation Impact Analysis). Our case study focuses on a group of first officer (Airbus A320) in a dynamic situation with high time pressure. We are interested in cases where the HMI generates MRs that are inconsistent with the situation, resulting in a discrepancy between the prescribed activity and the actual activity. …
