Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Application Of Informatics Tools To Facilitate The Practice Of Precision Medicine With Genomic Testing And Clinical Data, Michael Sayer

Pharmaceutical Sciences (PhD) Dissertations

The practice of precision medicine considers a variety of sources of information to optimize patient care. Factors such as patient demographics, clinical history, and lab test values have well understood effects on treatment outcomes and influence decision making. However, effective inclusion of biomolecular data such as protein expression and DNA sequencing data within the practice of precision medicine needs continued study. Informatics tools offer solutions to allow these complex data sources to be effectively embraced. Utilization of informatics tools to visualize data pertaining to the gene selection practices of pharmacogenomic (PGx) tests effectively communicated large amounts of information into concise …

Tech Note 2023-1 Nih Contribution To Phased Clinical Development Of Drugs Approved From 2010-2019, Edward Zhou, Matthew Jackson, Fred Ledley

CISI Publication

This report describes the methods and preliminary results for the manuscript titled, “NIH contribution to phased clinical development of drugs approved from 2010-2019”.

Brivaracetam To Treat Partial Onset Seizures In Adults., Dustin Latimer, David Le, Evan P. Falgoust, Patrick Ingraffia, Alaa Abd-Elsayed, Elyse M. Cornett, Rupin Singh, Joohee Choi, Giustino Varrassi, Adam M. Kaye, Alan D. Kaye, Latha Ganti

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Seizures are a hyperexcitable, and hypersynchronous imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory factors (E/I imbalance) in neurotransmission, and epilepsy is the recurrent manifestation of seizures within a reasonable time frame and without being attributable to a reversible cause. Brivaracetam is a derivative of the antiepileptic agent, levetiracetam, that is used as adjuvant therapy for focal onset seizures. It was approved by the FDA in 2016 and has shown promising results with minimal adverse effect reactions in clinical trials.

RECENT FINDINGS: Brivaracetam has been used in multiple clinical trials at various dosages in adults that have partial-onset seizures refractory …

Review Of Interventional Therapies For Refractory Pediatric Migraine., Jacquelin Peck, Justin Zeien, Megha Patel, Elyse M. Cornett, Amnon A. Berger, Jamal Hasoon, Hisham Kassem, Jai Won Jung, Giovanni F. Ramírez, Paola Fugueroa, Neil R. Singhal, Jaehong Song, Adam M. Kaye, Alan D. Kaye, Sarang S. Koushik, Natalie H. Strand, Latha Ganti

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

This is a review of the latest and seminal evidence in pediatric migraine. It covers the etiology and pathophysiology known today, and then will review treatment options, efficacy and safety, quality of data and indications. Though migraine is usually regarded as an infliction in adults, it is not uncommon in the pediatric population and affects up to 8% of children. Children may experience migraine differently than adults, and present not only with headache but also frequent gastrointestinal symptoms. They are frequently shorter in duration than in adults. Traditional migraine treatment in adults is less effective in children. In this population, …

Suvorexant, A Novel Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist, For The Management Of Insomnia., Andrew H. Han, Carolin R. Burroughs, Evan P. Falgoust, Jamal Hasoon, Grace Hunt, Juyeon Kakazu, Tim Lee, Adam M. Kaye, Alan D. Kaye, Latha Ganti

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The present investigation is a comprehensive review regarding the use of Suvorexant for insomnia treatment. It covers the background, pathophysiology, and significance of addressing insomnia, the pharmaceutical details of Suvorexant, and its safety, efficacy, and implications in treating insomnia. We further discuss Suvorexant's role in targeting insomnia with other comorbidities.

RECENT FINDINGS: Insomnia refers to poor quality and/or quantity of sleep. While there are many existing treatments such as benzodiazepines, melatonin agonists, TCAs, and atypical antipsychotics used to target various receptors involved in normal induction and maintenance of sleep, Suvorexant is an antagonist that specifically targets orexin …

Post Total Hip Arthroplasty Pseudo- Tumour – A Rare Case Report., Dr Harisha H L, Dr Vikram Patil, Dr Gurumurthy B

Radiology Teaching Files

A 62-year-old female came with complaints of slow growing mass in the left hip region for 4-5 months, associated with dull aching pain. Range of movements were restricted due to pain and mass. She underwent Total Hip arthroplasty (THA) 11 months ago.

Caffey Disease – A Rare Case Report., Dr Sudha Kiran Das

Radiology Teaching Files

8 month old male infant with localized swelling of the thigh, fever and irritability.

Prescription Drug Retail Sales In The Mountain West, Caren Royce Yap, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Health

This fact sheet synthesizes data on prescription drug retail sales in the Mountain West (Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah). "Retail Sales for Prescription Drugs Filled at Pharmacies by Payer," a 2019 report by the Kaiser Family Foundation, includes data on the amount of retail sales for prescription drugs made in each state by dollar amount, along with the method of coverage, including commercial, Medicare, Medicaid and cash payment.

Evaluation Of Perceived Stress And Lifestyle Choices At The Beginning Of The Covid-19 Pandemic Among Students At A School Of Pharmacy In The United States, Crystal Deas, Melanie Manis

Health Professions Education

Purpose: Academic stress is a well-known component of life as a healthcare professional student, with the COVID-19 pandemic ushering in additional challenges. This study investigated trends in perceived stress, in relation to demographic and lifestyle choice variables among pharmacy students, during the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, at a U.S. school of pharmacy. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted at Samford University’s McWhorter School of Pharmacy utilizing a web-based questionnaire that was distributed to all enrolled second-, third-, and fourth-year Doctor of Pharmacy students. The survey instrument contained 22 items and was arranged into three sections to characterize …

Potential Of Biduri Fiber (Calotropis Gigantea) As Material For Oil Spill Absorbent, Anne Sukmawati, Wulan Septiani

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings (JMEF)

Biduri fiber (Calotropis gigantea) is a natural hollow fiber with hydrophobic and oleophilic properties potentially used as oil spilled sorbent from seawater. This study aims to determine the absorption capacity and efficiency of the Biduri fiber and membrane to fuel oil. Measurement of oil absorption to seawater was carried out at various fiber weights (0.5-1.5 g), fiber composition (50-95%), contact time (10-90 minutes), temperature (30 and 50°C), and compared with commercial products. The results showed that the fiber weight variation of 0.5-1.5 g has an average absorption efficiency of 96.67%, and the highest absorption was obtained in a weight of …

A Longitudinal Observational Study Of Medical Cannabis Use And Polypharmacy Among Patients Presenting To Dispensaries In Pennsylvania, Emily R. Hajjar, Allison Herens, Erin L. Kelly, Kayla Madden, Jessica M. Lungen, Brooke K. Worster

College of Pharmacy Faculty Papers

Background: Cannabis use is increasing among adults to treat a variety of health conditions. Given the potential for interactions and adverse events, it is important to assess the use of medical cannabis along with other concomitant medications when assessing for polypharmacy. Methods: The objective of this observational, longitudinal study was to examine medical cannabis (MC) use along with concomitant medications over 12 months in patients with serious medical conditions enrolled in the Pennsylvania (PA) Department of Health’s (DOH) Medical Marijuana Program and to collect and catalog which forms of MC patients are taking along with their concomitant medications. Results: There …

Prg4/Cd44/Pp2a Signaling Axis: A Significant Regulator Of Gout Arthritis, Sandy Elsayed

Pharmaceutical Sciences (PhD) Dissertations

Introduction: Gout is a common chronic arthritis caused by monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition in joints leading to activation of synovial resident macrophages and downstream production of interleukin-1b (IL-1b). Xanthine oxidase (XO) catalyzes purines into uric acid (UA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that activate NLRP3 inflammasome. Protein phosphatase-2A (PP2A) may be involved in regulating inflammatory pathways in macrophages. Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) and its receptor CD44 and its transducer PP2A signaling axis play a biologically significant role in regulating urate crystal inflammation.

Methods: Monocytes and macrophages were primed with TLR2 agonist and stimulated with MSU crystals. Fingolimod (PP2A …

Influences Of Host Cytokine Signaling On Kshv Infection In Tonsil-Derived B Lymphocytes, Nedaa Alomari

Pharmaceutical Sciences (PhD) Dissertations

Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiologic agent of kaposi sarcoma. It is also associated with the B cell lymphoproliferative disorders, primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) and KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS). Existing research reveals that KSHV has developed numerous strategies to alter host cytokine signaling activities to facilitate viral persistence and escape host immune surveillance.

Despite three decades of research, there are still many questions in this field awaiting further investigation. This dissertation will investigate host cytokines as factors influencing the establishment of KSHV infection in the human tonsil. We have identified and characterized different cytokines …

Formulation Of Pectin-Based Double Layer-Coated Tablets Containing Dexamethasone And Probiotics For Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Erny Sagita, Ronaldo Ongki Winata, Raditya Iswandana

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition in the colon that includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Dexamethasone is a steroid anti-inflammatory drug that can be used in IBD therapy. This study aims to obtain an optimum formulation of a dexamethasone drug delivery system for IBD treatment and to investigate its release profile based on an in vitro dissolution test. Dexamethasone was formulated as a double-coated tablet in combination with a probiotic L. acidophilus and B. longum mixture (1:1). The core tablets were produced using the wet granulation method, after which they were coated with pectin 4% b/v …

Antiproliferative Activity Of Philippine Marine Sediment-Derived Actinomycetes, Jon Ray M. Maglonzo, Edna M. Sabido, Cristina C. Salibay, Doralyn S. Dalisay, Jonel P. Saludes

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

The Philippine archipelago is rich in marine biodiversity and resources that are widely unexplored. Its marine sediments harbor marine microbes that possess secondary metabolites with potent bioactivities. This study aims to determine the antiproliferative activity of the crude extracts of selected Actinomycete isolates (DSD011, DSD017, and DSD042) from Islas de Gigantes, Carles, Iloilo. The antiproliferative screening was done using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism. Crude extracts of isolates that are active in inhibiting the growth of S. cerevisiae were determined using the broth microdilution method. Afterward, the active extract was tested using antiproliferative and budding yeast assays. With the …

Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant And Cytotoxic Activity Of Lannea Egregia Engl. & K. Krause Stem Bark Extracts, Seide M. Akoro, Mutiat A. Omotayo, Oyinlade C. Ogundare, Stemon A. Akpovwovwo, Gbemileke P. Bello

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

This study investigates the phytochemical contents, antioxidants and cytotoxic activities of Lannea egregia Engl. & K. Krause stem bark extracts. Secondary metabolites were extracted using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol by successive maceration. The concentrated extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening using standard procedures. The crude flavonoid was obtained from the plant material using Harborne’s method and then profiled using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The antioxidant activities of the plant extract were assessed using reducing power assay and DPPH scavenging activity, while the cytotoxic activity was determined using the brine shrimp lethality assay. The crude extract of n-hexane or …

The Potential Application Of Clitoria Ternatea For Cancer Treatment, Anita Purnamayanti, Krisyanti Budipramana, Marisca Evalina Gondokesumo

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

The Clitoria ternatea flower, known as bunga telang in Indonesia, is commonly mixed with food and beverages to provide a natural blue colour. Aside from its popular culinary use, it is a traditional medicine in Indonesia for diseases in the eyes, urinary tract and skin, as well as functioning as an anti-toxin. Furthermore, recent advances in science and technology have revealed that the C. ternatea flower contains a high level of polyphenol compounds that possess anticancer activity, including saponins, tannins, steroids, triterpenoids, kaempferol, and quercetin. This review aims to identify and analyse recent articles regarding the phytochemical activities of C. …

Characterisation And Antibacterial Activity Of Green Tea Extract-Enriched Solid Goat’S Milk Soap, Uswatun Chasanah, Dian Ermawati, Dwi Putri Utami, Angela Nora Hayati

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Solid goat’s milk soap is organic and beneficial for the health and appearance of the skin. One of the components in green tea known to display antibacterial activities is epigallocatechin gallate (ECGC). In this study, the effects of solid goat’s milk soap containing 1%, 2%, and 4% green tea extract on the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis were examined. The soap was characterized for its organoleptic, pH, free fatty acid, alkalinity, water content, foam stability, and hardness. In addition, an in vitro antimicrobial test was performed utilising the well-diffusion method. The findings revealed that all the …

Evaluation Of The Practice Of Community Pharmacists In Amaran City In Yemen To Community Pharmacy Profession During The Coronavirus Pandemic (Covid-19) – A Field Study, Mohammed Qatinah, Abdulaziz Saran, Yasser Al-Salaway, Rasha Hobish, Munif Shaalan

Journal of the Arab American University مجلة الجامعة العربية الامريكية للبحوث

The study aimed to assess the practice of community pharmacists in Amran City of the profession of community pharmacy during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). The study used the descriptive approach, using a questionnaire that was distributed in October 2020, to a sample of (91) community pharmacists working in pharmacies in Amran City. The results of the study showed that the mean of the responses of the sample members about practicing the profession of community pharmacy amounted to (4.1262) with a standard deviation of (0.306) which is high, the mean of the axis of the precautionary measures reached (3.9135) with a …

Pneumococcal Vaccine Guidance 2022, Bona Shin, Michael Do, Elaina Lioudis

Transformative Medicine (T-Med)

PCV15 and PCV20 received FDA approval in 2021. This article provides an overview of all pneumococcal vaccines - PPSV23, PCV13, PCV15, and PCV20 and their place in therapy. It provides a summary of pneumococcal disease burden in the U.S., vaccine spectrum of activity, indications, adult/pediatric dosing schedules, efficacy, and common adverse drug reactions.